February 2011 - tz - lists.iana.org

proposed time zone package changes (Samoa, Factory, et al.)
by Arthur David Olson Aug. 28, 2019

Aug. 28, 2019

Below find proposed time zone package changes; the executive summary: * Makefile Change LOCALTIME default from "Factory" to "GMT"; do not compile "factory" file (but keep it in the distribution). * Theory Remove reference to "Factory" zone. * australasia Change end of DST in Samoa in 2011 from 2011-04-03 0:00 to 2011-04-03 1:00 (thanks to Raymond Hughes for a reference). * localtime.c Initialize ttinfo structures filled by tzparse (thanks to Ravindra for reporting a valgrind warning). * zic.c Fix generation of POSIX strings for zones with rules using "weekday<=n" forms of dates (thanks to Lei Liu for finding the problem). Also, limit output for non-POSIX-specificable zones defined to follow the same rules every year. (Note that no zones of either of the above types appear in the distribution; these changes cater to add-on zones). If no problems are found, 2010n will appear on 2010-10-25. --ado diff -r -c old/Makefile new/Makefile *** old/Makefile Mon Sep 27 09:24:25 2010 --- new/Makefile Tue Oct 12 12:36:50 2010 *************** *** 1,5 **** # <pre> ! # @(#)Makefile 8.8 # This file is in the public domain, so clarified as of # 2009-05-17 by Arthur David Olson. --- 1,5 ---- # <pre> ! # @(#)Makefile 8.9 # This file is in the public domain, so clarified as of # 2009-05-17 by Arthur David Olson. *************** *** 12,18 **** # make zonenames # to get a list of the values you can use for LOCALTIME. ! LOCALTIME= Factory # If you want something other than Eastern United States time as a template # for handling POSIX-style time zone environment variables, --- 12,18 ---- # make zonenames # to get a list of the values you can use for LOCALTIME. ! LOCALTIME= GMT # If you want something other than Eastern United States time as a template # for handling POSIX-style time zone environment variables, *************** *** 262,269 **** DOCS= README Theory $(MANS) date.1 Makefile PRIMARY_YDATA= africa antarctica asia australasia \ europe northamerica southamerica ! YDATA= $(PRIMARY_YDATA) pacificnew etcetera factory backward ! NDATA= systemv SDATA= solar87 solar88 solar89 TDATA= $(YDATA) $(NDATA) $(SDATA) TABDATA= iso3166.tab zone.tab --- 262,269 ---- DOCS= README Theory $(MANS) date.1 Makefile PRIMARY_YDATA= africa antarctica asia australasia \ europe northamerica southamerica ! YDATA= $(PRIMARY_YDATA) pacificnew etcetera backward ! NDATA= systemv factory SDATA= solar87 solar88 solar89 TDATA= $(YDATA) $(NDATA) $(SDATA) TABDATA= iso3166.tab zone.tab diff -r -c old/Theory new/Theory *** old/Theory Mon Sep 27 09:24:25 2010 --- new/Theory Tue Oct 12 12:36:50 2010 *************** *** 1,4 **** ! @(#)Theory 8.4 This file is in the public domain, so clarified as of 2009-05-17 by Arthur David Olson. --- 1,4 ---- ! @(#)Theory 8.5 This file is in the public domain, so clarified as of 2009-05-17 by Arthur David Olson. *************** *** 287,294 **** See the file `backward' for most of these older names (e.g. `US/Eastern' instead of `America/New_York'). The other old-fashioned names still supported are ! `WET', `CET', `MET', `EET' (see the file `europe'), ! and `Factory' (see the file `factory'). ----- Time zone abbreviations ----- --- 287,293 ---- See the file `backward' for most of these older names (e.g. `US/Eastern' instead of `America/New_York'). The other old-fashioned names still supported are ! `WET', `CET', `MET', and `EET' (see the file `europe'). ----- Time zone abbreviations ----- diff -r -c old/australasia new/australasia *** old/australasia Mon Sep 27 09:24:27 2010 --- new/australasia Tue Oct 12 13:14:56 2010 *************** *** 1,5 **** # <pre> ! # @(#)australasia 8.18 # This file is in the public domain, so clarified as of # 2009-05-17 by Arthur David Olson. --- 1,5 ---- # <pre> ! # @(#)australasia 8.19 # This file is in the public domain, so clarified as of # 2009-05-17 by Arthur David Olson. *************** *** 487,497 **** # http://www.parliament.gov.ws/documents/acts/Daylight%20Saving%20Act%20%2020… # </a> Zone Pacific/Apia 12:33:04 - LMT 1879 Jul 5 -11:26:56 - LMT 1911 -11:30 - SAMT 1950 # Samoa Time -11:00 - WST 2010 Sep 26 ! -11:00 1:00 WSDT 2011 Apr 3 -11:00 - WST # Solomon Is --- 487,507 ---- # http://www.parliament.gov.ws/documents/acts/Daylight%20Saving%20Act%20%2020… # </a> + # From Raymond Hughes (2010-10-07): + # Please see + # <a href="http://www.mcil.gov.ws"> + # http://www.mcil.gov.ws + # </a>, + # the Ministry of Commerce, Industry and Labour (sideframe) "Last Sunday + # September 2010 (26/09/10) - adjust clocks forward from 12:00 midnight + # to 01:00am and First Sunday April 2011 (03/04/11) - adjust clocks + # backwards from 1:00am to 12:00am" + Zone Pacific/Apia 12:33:04 - LMT 1879 Jul 5 -11:26:56 - LMT 1911 -11:30 - SAMT 1950 # Samoa Time -11:00 - WST 2010 Sep 26 ! -11:00 1:00 WSDT 2011 Apr 3 1:00 -11:00 - WST # Solomon Is diff -r -c old/localtime.c new/localtime.c *** old/localtime.c Mon Sep 27 09:24:26 2010 --- new/localtime.c Tue Oct 12 12:36:51 2010 *************** *** 5,11 **** #ifndef lint #ifndef NOID ! static char elsieid[] = "@(#)localtime.c 8.14"; #endif /* !defined NOID */ #endif /* !defined lint */ --- 5,11 ---- #ifndef lint #ifndef NOID ! static char elsieid[] = "@(#)localtime.c 8.15"; #endif /* !defined NOID */ #endif /* !defined lint */ *************** *** 914,919 **** --- 914,920 ---- register unsigned char * typep; register char * cp; register int load_result; + static struct ttinfo zttinfo; INITIALIZE(dstname); stdname = name; *************** *** 986,991 **** --- 987,993 ---- /* ** Two transitions per year, from EPOCH_YEAR forward. */ + sp->ttis[0] = sp->ttis[1] = zttinfo; sp->ttis[0].tt_gmtoff = -dstoffset; sp->ttis[0].tt_isdst = 1; sp->ttis[0].tt_abbrind = stdlen + 1; *************** *** 1099,1106 **** } /* ** Finally, fill in ttis. - ** ttisstd and ttisgmt need not be handled. */ sp->ttis[0].tt_gmtoff = -stdoffset; sp->ttis[0].tt_isdst = FALSE; sp->ttis[0].tt_abbrind = 0; --- 1101,1108 ---- } /* ** Finally, fill in ttis. */ + sp->ttis[0] = sp->ttis[1] = zttinfo; sp->ttis[0].tt_gmtoff = -stdoffset; sp->ttis[0].tt_isdst = FALSE; sp->ttis[0].tt_abbrind = 0; *************** *** 1113,1118 **** --- 1115,1121 ---- dstlen = 0; sp->typecnt = 1; /* only standard time */ sp->timecnt = 0; + sp->ttis[0] = zttinfo; sp->ttis[0].tt_gmtoff = -stdoffset; sp->ttis[0].tt_isdst = 0; sp->ttis[0].tt_abbrind = 0; diff -r -c old/zic.c new/zic.c *** old/zic.c Mon Sep 27 09:24:26 2010 --- new/zic.c Tue Oct 12 13:37:29 2010 *************** *** 3,9 **** ** 2006-07-17 by Arthur David Olson. */ ! static char elsieid[] = "@(#)zic.c 8.22"; #include "private.h" #include "locale.h" --- 3,9 ---- ** 2006-07-17 by Arthur David Olson. */ ! static char elsieid[] = "@(#)zic.c 8.24"; #include "private.h" #include "locale.h" *************** *** 1881,1896 **** register int week; if (rp->r_dycode == DC_DOWGEQ) { ! week = 1 + rp->r_dayofmonth / DAYSPERWEEK; ! if ((week - 1) * DAYSPERWEEK + 1 != rp->r_dayofmonth) return -1; } else if (rp->r_dycode == DC_DOWLEQ) { if (rp->r_dayofmonth == len_months[1][rp->r_month]) week = 5; else { ! week = 1 + rp->r_dayofmonth / DAYSPERWEEK; ! if (week * DAYSPERWEEK - 1 != rp->r_dayofmonth) return -1; } } else return -1; /* "cannot happen" */ (void) sprintf(result, "M%d.%d.%d", --- 1881,1896 ---- register int week; if (rp->r_dycode == DC_DOWGEQ) { ! if ((rp->r_dayofmonth % DAYSPERWEEK) != 1) return -1; + week = 1 + rp->r_dayofmonth / DAYSPERWEEK; } else if (rp->r_dycode == DC_DOWLEQ) { if (rp->r_dayofmonth == len_months[1][rp->r_month]) week = 5; else { ! if ((rp->r_dayofmonth % DAYSPERWEEK) != 0) return -1; + week = rp->r_dayofmonth / DAYSPERWEEK; } } else return -1; /* "cannot happen" */ (void) sprintf(result, "M%d.%d.%d", *************** *** 2018,2023 **** --- 2018,2024 ---- register char * envvar; register int max_abbr_len; register int max_envvar_len; + register int prodstic; /* all rules are min to max */ max_abbr_len = 2 + max_format_len + max_abbrvar_len; max_envvar_len = 2 * max_abbr_len + 5 * 9; *************** *** 2032,2037 **** --- 2033,2039 ---- timecnt = 0; typecnt = 0; charcnt = 0; + prodstic = zonecount == 1; /* ** Thanks to Earl Chew ** for noting the need to unconditionally initialize startttisstd. *************** *** 2053,2058 **** --- 2055,2062 ---- updateminmax(rp->r_loyear); if (rp->r_hiwasnum) updateminmax(rp->r_hiyear); + if (rp->r_lowasnum || rp->r_hiwasnum) + prodstic = FALSE; } } /* *************** *** 2075,2080 **** --- 2079,2094 ---- if (max_year <= INT_MAX - YEARSPERREPEAT) max_year += YEARSPERREPEAT; else max_year = INT_MAX; + /* + ** Regardless of any of the above, + ** for a "proDSTic" zone which specifies that its rules + ** always have and always will be in effect, + ** we only need one cycle to define the zone. + */ + if (prodstic) { + min_year = 1900; + max_year = min_year + YEARSPERREPEAT; + } } /* ** For the benefit of older systems,

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proposed tz change for Latvia, Lithuania
by Paul Eggert May 25, 2015

May 25, 2015

It's March Madness time for daylight-saving rule changes. Here's a proposed change to the tz database to keep up with the latest political development, which affects time stamps starting March 29: * Latvia and Lithuania will not observe DST, starting this year. Thanks to Andrei Ivanov for this info. =================================================================== RCS file: RCS/europe,v retrieving revision 2000.3 retrieving revision 2000.3.0.1 diff -pu -r2000.3 -r2000.3.0.1 --- europe 2000/03/04 15:31:08 2000.3 +++ europe 2000/03/08 17:48:59 2000.3.0.1 @@ -1135,6 +1135,12 @@ Link Europe/Rome Europe/San_Marino # 1997-01-21 on transition to Summer time ... established the same order of # daylight savings time settings as in the States of the European Union. +# From Andrei Ivanov (2000-03-06): +# This year Latvia will not switch to Daylight Savings Time (as specified in +# <a href="http://www.lv-laiks.lv/wwwraksti/2000/071072/vd4.htm"> +# The Regulations of the Cabinet of Ministers of the Rep. of Latvia of +# 29-Feb-2000 (#79)</a>, in Latvian for subscribers only). + # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S Rule Latvia 1989 1996 - Mar lastSun 2:00s 1:00 S Rule Latvia 1989 1996 - Sep lastSun 2:00s 0 - @@ -1151,7 +1157,8 @@ Zone Europe/Riga 1:36:24 - LMT 1880 3:00 Russia MSK/MSD 1989 Mar lastSun 2:00s 2:00 1:00 EEST 1989 Sep lastSun 2:00s 2:00 Latvia EE%sT 1997 Jan 21 - 2:00 EU EE%sT + 2:00 EU EE%sT 2000 Feb 29 + 2:00 - EET # Liechtenstein # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] @@ -1178,6 +1185,11 @@ Zone Europe/Vaduz 0:38:04 - LMT 1894 Jun # motion to give up shifting to summer time in spring, as it was # already done by Estonia. +# From Andrei Ivanov (2000-03-06): +# I've heard that Ministers of three Baltic countries on their summit +# somewhere in February decided not to switch to summer time starting from +# this spring. + # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] Zone Europe/Vilnius 1:41:16 - LMT 1880 1:24:00 - WMT 1917 # Warsaw Mean Time @@ -1192,7 +1204,8 @@ Zone Europe/Vilnius 1:41:16 - LMT 1880 2:00 C-Eur EE%sT 1998 2:00 - EET 1998 Mar 29 1:00u 1:00 EU CE%sT 1999 Oct 31 1:00u - 2:00 EU EE%sT + 2:00 EU EE%sT 2000 Feb + 2:00 - EET # Luxembourg # Whitman disagrees with most of these dates in minor ways; go with Shanks.

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Hong Kong problem and BCN timezone(s)
by Jesper Nørgaard Sept. 20, 2011

Sept. 20, 2011

I have found a small problem in the Hong Kong corrections of 2009q. It seems that the Hong Kong government page says that DST was not used in 1977 and 1978, while this is the current tz data: Rule HK 1965 1977 - Apr Sun>=16 3:30 1:00 S Rule HK 1965 1977 - Oct Sun>=16 3:30 0 - Indeed the whole extract of the government web page is still part of the asia file. I would suggest it should be like this Rule HK 1965 1976 - Apr Sun>=16 3:30 1:00 S Rule HK 1965 1976 - Oct Sun>=16 3:30 0 - My other question concerns the timezone America/Santa_Isabel. It seems that several sources imply that all of Baca California Norte is on the same timezone http://www.frontera.info/EdicionEnlinea/Notas/Noticias/13032010/435414.aspx http://www.notisistema.com/noticias/?p=251578 http://www.timeanddate.com/news/time/north-mexico-dst-change.html This is far from authoritative, but at least and indication that BCN might be one single timezone. I wonder if there has been any confirmation of the Santa Isabel timezone in BCN? I am not saying it is not there, I just haven't found any confirmation of it. - Jesper Norgaard Welen

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corrected DST data Switzerland 1941 and 1942, final report
by Alois Treindl Aug. 25, 2011

Aug. 25, 2011

Hello I have researched the DST usage in Switzerland during the 1940ies. As I wrote in an earlier message, I suspected the current tzdata values to be wrong. This is now verified. I have found copies of the original ruling by the Swiss Federal government, in 'Eidgenössische Gesetzessammlung 1941 and 1942' (Swiss federal law collection) and attach GIF copies of the two pages for 1941. DST began on Monday 5 May 1941, 1:00 am by shifting the clocks to 2:00 am DST ended on Monday 6 Oct 1941, 2:00 am by shifting the clocks to 1:00 am. DST began on Monday, 4 May 1942 at 01:00 am DST ended on Monday, 5 Oct 1942 at 02:00 am There was no DST in 1940, I have checked the law collection carefully. It is also indicated by the fact that the 1942 entry in the law collection points back to 1941 as a reference, but no reference to any other years are made. Newspaper articles I have read in the archives on 6 May 1941 reported about the introduction of DST (Sommerzeit in German) during the previous night as an absolute novelty, because this was the first time that such a thing had happened in Switzerland. I have also checked 1916, because one book source (Gabriel, Traite de l'heure dans le monde) claims that Switzerland had DST in 1916. This is false, no official document could be found. Probably Gabriel got misled by references to Germany, which introduced DST in 1916 for the first time. The tzdata rules for Switzerland must be changed to: Rule Swiss 1941 1942 - May Mon>=1 1:00 1:00 S Rule Swiss 1941 1942 - Oct Mon>=1 2:00 0 - The 1940 rules must be deleted. One further detail for Switzerland, which is probably out of scope for most users of tzdata: The zone file Zone Europe/Zurich 0:34:08 - LMT 1848 Sep 12 0:29:44 - BMT 1894 Jun #Bern Mean Time 1:00 Swiss CE%sT 1981 1:00 EU CE%sT describes all of Switzerland correctly, with the exception of the Cantone Geneve (Geneva, Genf). Between 1848 and 1894 Geneve did not follow Bern Mean Time but kept its own local mean time. To represent this, an extra zone would be needed. Two GIF files are attached. best regards Alois -- || Alois Treindl, Astrodienst AG, mailto:alois@astro.com || Zollikon/Zurich, Switzerland || Free astrological charts at http://www.astro.com/ || SWISS EPHEMERIS Free Edition at http://www.astro.com/swisseph/

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New site with North American Time Zone borders
by Steve Jones July 21, 2011

July 21, 2011

Apologies if this is not of interest here. I'm new, recently joining to keep up on changes in order to keep a website with time zone data up to date. There is likely nothing here that will be news to anybody, but you may find it interesting: http://ontimezone.com I will be grateful for any feedback about the data, especially corrections! Cheers, Steve Jones

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Can you add permatime.com to the twinsun link page
by Tim Diggins May 19, 2011

May 19, 2011

Hi there - I've been lurking on the list for a while. I don't contribute much as a I'm a (humbly grateful) user of tz information, rather than a provider. I mentioned our http://permatime.com site, a while back, but don't think I explicitly asked for it to go on the twinsun link page under "Web pages using recent versions of the tz database". Can it? http://permatime.com is a service for generating and viewing links that refer to a particular point in time and can be displayed in multiple timezones. It uses the ruby tzinfo gem, based on the Olson Tz database. kind regards Tim http://permatime.com http://teamportfolios.com/permatime Tim Diggins http://red56.co.uk http://tim.teamportfolios.com/

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FW: Test cases for zoneinfo data
by Olson, Arthur David (NIH/NCI) [E] April 10, 2011

April 10, 2011

I'm forwarding this message from Christopher Hunt, who is not on the time zone mailing list. Those of you who are on the list, please direct replies appropriately. --ado -----Original Message----- From: Christopher Hunt [mailto:huntc@internode.on.net] Sent: Thursday, December 16, 2010 12:15 To: tz(a)lecserver.nci.nih.gov Subject: Test cases for zoneinfo data Hi there, I'm creating a set of Java classes that closely reflect the structure of the Zoneinfo database. My requirement is driven mostly by wanting to dynamically update Java TimeZone classes i.e. as opposed to compiling a zoneinfo data and re-starting my application. In addition I feel that the ICU and Sun classes do not accurately reflect Zoneinfo structures. I shall open-source this project once it gets to a working point. It'd be terribly helpful if I could get hold of some test cases, automated or otherwise, that verify correct time zone calculations. Would anyone out there have such things? Kind regards, Christopher

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Turkish dispute over date of daylight saving time change
by Alexander Krivenyshev Feb. 24, 2011

Feb. 24, 2011

Turkish dispute over date of daylight saving time change http://www.worldbulletin.net/?aType=haber&ArticleID=69929 "Turkey plans to switch to daylight saving time on March 27 at 3 a.m., moving clocks forward one hour to make better use of daylight, but Turkish educators object to the plan because 1.5 million students will take a nationwide exam on that day." Alexander Krivenyshev, http://www.worldtimezone.com

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(historical) information about Zone Europe/Brussels
by gunther Vermeir Feb. 24, 2011

Feb. 24, 2011

Hello, I just came across an article about getting to an "official" time in the early 1800's in Belgium , maybe it might be of use / interest of someone. It looks like the Zone Europe/Brussels 0:17:30 - LMT 1880 might be more precise Zone Europe/Brussels 0:17:30 - LMT 1836 June <arbitrary day> of course, the local time for Brussels before was most likely the same, but it seams it was made "official" by Adolphe Quetelet ( http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Adolphe_Quetelet ) in June 1836. I'm was unable to verify the actual referenced official journal of Belgium (Belgisch Staatsblad / Moniteur Belge) publications. If there is interest I'm willing to try to get a hold of them in the royal Library and verify it. Website in question : French: http://www.cathedralestmichel.be/fr/cult_archi_meridien.php?lang=fr dutch http://www.cathedralestmichel.be/nl/cult_archi_meridien.php?lang=nl This seams to based on a publication (in French) of jan-feb 1951 " Ciel et Terre, Vol. 67, " , a popular scientific journal. Title: La méridienne de Ste-Gudule à Bruxelles by Henri Michel. http://articles.adsabs.harvard.edu//full/1951C%26T....67...16M/0000016.000.… part of interest (in Dutch) of the first link: -- Ingevolge K.B. dd. 22.02.1836 werd A. Quetelet , directeur van het eerste Observatorium van Brussel, aangesteld om aan de bijzonderste lokaliteiten van het rijk de middelen te verschaffen om over een nauwkeurig "lokaal uur" te beschikken in het vooruitzicht van het goed functioneren van de spoorwegen. De opdracht hield in om in de steden Antwerpen, Oostende, Brugge, Gent en Luik een kleine middaglijnopening op te stellen en in eenenveertig andere steden van het rijk meridianen te plaatsen in de kathedralen, stadhuizen of andere gebouwen die de plaatsing ervan nuttig zouden maken. ... Maar de grote meridiaan van Brussel werd door A. Quetelet in juni 1836 getraceerd in de vloer van de kruisbeuk van de kathedraal. De minutieuze beschrijving in een rapport bestemd voor de Minister van Binnenlandse Zaken, werd gelukkig veilig gesteld door een publicatie in het Belgisch Staatsblad (Bijvoegsel bij het nr. 41 van 10 februari 1839). -- Translation (a bit shortened - needs a "native english speaker check" :) ) : -- By the Royal Decree of 22 feb 1836 , Adolphe Quetelet, director of the first observatory of Brussels was appointed to provide in whole Belgium a precise "local time" to facilitate the proper working of the railways. The mission was to erect in Antwerp, Oostend, Bruges, Ghent and Liège noon marks and place meridian lines in 41 other cities in cathedrals, city halls or other buildings. The "great meridian" of Brussels was traced by Adolphe Quetelet in June 1836 on the naves floor of the St Gudule and St Michael's Cathedral. A description in great detail of this, intended for the Minister of Internal Affairs, was later published as addition to the official journal of Belgium (Belgisch Staatsblad / Moniteur Belge) nr 41 dated 10 feb 1839. -- Greeting from Brussels, Gunther

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Re: Revisiting Australian time zone abbreviations
by Anand Kumria Feb. 24, 2011

Feb. 24, 2011

[[ sorry, I was unable to keep References: and In-Reply-To: ids, ]] [[ this is a continuation of http://thread.gmane.org/gmane.comp.time.tz/3244/focus=3251 ]] Paul Eggert <eggert(a)CS.UCLA.EDU> writes: > > > The government website of Australia states the time > > zone names for Australia are Australian Eastern Standard Time (AEST), ... > > I'm afraid it's not that simple. Actually, it could be. > Different websites operated by > the government of Australia use different names and abbreviations. > The Bureau of Meteorology often uses EST/CST/WST and EDT/CDT; see, > for example, <http://www.bom.gov.au/satellite/about_satpix.shtml>. > And the Australian Transport Safety Bureau often uses EST/CST/WST and > ESuT/CSuT; see, for example, > <http://www.atsb.gov.au/media/690841/ar-2009-016(2).pdf>. I had never heard of the atsb prior to your email. At the time of writing the atsb link does not exist. > The tz database's philosophy has generally tried to record what people > typically do with their clocks and their abbreviations. If one government > agency says that it's AEST/AEDT, that's a good piece of evidence; but if > other agencies disagree, that's evidence that there's not a solid consensus > within the government what the abbreviations are or should be. I suspect if you approached most American government agencies and asked what is the official paper size, they would respond with 'letter'. Despite the fact that it is actually A4 -- the US being a metric country. My point is that there will always being different parts of the goverment in many countries unaware of what is actually official (technically Australia uses 24-hour time, most people would be unaware of this). > The most amusing thing about <http://australia.gov.au/about-australia/our- country/time>, > the web page that Richard Stanway quoted, was this little message at its bottom: > > "All times shown are Sydney, Australia Time" > > In other words, the Australian government doesn't follow its own advice on > time zone names and abbreviations, even on the government page that talks > about time zone names! They just say the equivalent of "TZ=Australia/Sydney"! You may not have hovered over the link, http://australia.gov.au/about- australia/our-country/time, however. Yes, that may be what the text says, if you hover over it, it says: "Australian Eastern Standard Time Sydney (AEST)". Which I think should be plenty of evidence that it is time, pun intended, to switch to AEST/ACST/AWST and AEDT/ACDT as appropriate. Regards, Anand

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