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Indonesia time zones
by George Zeigler Feb. 22, 2002

Feb. 22, 2002

Hello, I think the Indonesia time abbreviations need to be corrected. There should be 3 seperate zones: 1. WIB stand for Waktu Indonesia bagian Barat (Western Indonesian Subtime), 7 hours ahead of GMT 2. WITA stand for Waktu Indonesia bagian Tengah (Medial Indonesian Subtime), 8 hours ahead of GMT 3. WIT stand for Waktu Indonesia bagian Timur (Eastern Indonesian Subtime), 9 hours ahead of GMT http://www.hastu.com/calendar/ Thanks George

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Re: Timezone DST change for Estonia/Tallinn
by Paul Eggert Feb. 21, 2002

Feb. 21, 2002

> From: Toomas Soome [mailto:tsoome@muhv.pri.ee] > Sent: Thursday, February 21, 2002 2:33 PM > > today the Estonian government has changed once again timezone politics. > Now we are useing again EU rules and Estonia/Tallinn description should > be something like: ... > 2:00 - EET 2002 Feb 12 > 2:00 EU EE%sT Thanks for the news. If the rule changed on February 21, I assume that the "Feb 12" is a typo, and it should read "Feb 21" instead?

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FW: Timezone DST change for Estonia/Tallinn
by Olson, Arthur David (NCI) Feb. 21, 2002

Feb. 21, 2002

Toomas Soome is not on the time zone mailing list; direct replies appropriately. --ado -----Original Message----- From: Toomas Soome [mailto:tsoome@muhv.pri.ee] Sent: Thursday, February 21, 2002 2:33 PM To: tz(a)elsie.nci.nih.gov Subject: Timezone DST change for Estonia/Tallinn hi! today the Estonian government has changed once again timezone politics. Now we are useing again EU rules and Estonia/Tallinn description should be something like: # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] Zone Europe/Tallinn 1:39:00 - LMT 1880 1:39:00 - TMT 1918 Feb # Tallinn Mean Time 1:00 C-Eur CE%sT 1919 Jul 1:39:00 - TMT 1921 May 2:00 - EET 1940 Aug 6 3:00 - MSK 1941 Sep 15 1:00 C-Eur CE%sT 1944 Sep 22 3:00 Russia MSK/MSD 1989 Mar 26 2:00s 2:00 1:00 EEST 1989 Sep 24 2:00s 2:00 C-Eur EE%sT 1998 Sep 22 2:00 EU EE%sT 1999 Nov 1 2:00 - EET 2002 Feb 12 2:00 EU EE%sT toomas -- To our sweethearts and wives. May they never meet. -- 19th century toast

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Timezone DST change for Estonia/Tallinn
by Toomas Soome Feb. 21, 2002

Feb. 21, 2002

hi! today the Estonian government has changed once again timezone politics. Now we are useing again EU rules and Estonia/Tallinn description should be something like: # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] Zone Europe/Tallinn 1:39:00 - LMT 1880 1:39:00 - TMT 1918 Feb # Tallinn Mean Time 1:00 C-Eur CE%sT 1919 Jul 1:39:00 - TMT 1921 May 2:00 - EET 1940 Aug 6 3:00 - MSK 1941 Sep 15 1:00 C-Eur CE%sT 1944 Sep 22 3:00 Russia MSK/MSD 1989 Mar 26 2:00s 2:00 1:00 EEST 1989 Sep 24 2:00s 2:00 C-Eur EE%sT 1998 Sep 22 2:00 EU EE%sT 1999 Nov 1 2:00 - EET 2002 Feb 12 2:00 EU EE%sT toomas -- To our sweethearts and wives. May they never meet. -- 19th century toast

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Summer Time Order 2002
by Joseph S. Myers Feb. 21, 2002

Feb. 21, 2002

The Summer Time Order 2002 has appeared in today's Stationery Office Daily List. http://www.legislation.hmso.gov.uk/si/si2002/20020262.htm This implements the 9th Summer Time Directive in the UK on a permanent basis, removing the power to vary Summer Time or introduce Double Summer Time by Order in Council. Unlike previous Orders, it does not apply in Guernsey; I do not know what other provision about Summer Time may have been made there. See also http://www.dti.gov.uk/er/sumtimetb.htm which has the Regulatory Impact Assessment and Transposition Note. -- Joseph S. Myers jsm28(a)cam.ac.uk

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Another C time API proposal
by Markus Kuhn Feb. 21, 2002

Feb. 21, 2002

Perhaps of interest to some here: David R. Tribble: Proposed Standard C (C0X) Calendar Library Functions. http://david.tribble.com/text/c0xcalendar.html Markus -- Markus G. Kuhn, Computer Laboratory, University of Cambridge, UK Email: mkuhn at acm.org, WWW: <http://www.cl.cam.ac.uk/~mgk25/>

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New definition of "Seconds Since the Epoch" in POSIX
by Markus Kuhn Feb. 8, 2002

Feb. 8, 2002

The new 2001 edition of the POSIX standard (IEEE Std 1003.1-2001) is now freely available online: http://www.UNIX-systems.org/version3/ Of particular interest to all you leap second gurus out there is perhaps the new slightly revised/relaxed definition of the technical term "Seconds Since the Epoch" that forms the basis for the scalar time used in Unix system calls: http://www.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/007904975/basedefs/xbd_chap04.html#tag_… A value that approximates the number of seconds that have elapsed since the Epoch. A Coordinated Universal Time name (specified in terms of seconds (tm_sec), minutes (tm_min), hours (tm_hour), days since January 1 of the year (tm_yday), and calendar year minus 1900 (tm_year)) is related to a time represented as seconds since the Epoch, according to the expression below. If the year is <1970 or the value is negative, the relationship is undefined. If the year is >=1970 and the value is non-negative, the value is related to a Coordinated Universal Time name according to the C-language expression, where tm_sec, tm_min, tm_hour, tm_yday, and tm_year are all integer types: tm_sec + tm_min*60 + tm_hour*3600 + tm_yday*86400 + (tm_year-70)*31536000 + ((tm_year-69)/4)*86400 - ((tm_year-1)/100)*86400 + ((tm_year+299)/400)*86400 The relationship between the actual time of day and the current value for seconds since the Epoch is unspecified. How any changes to the value of seconds since the Epoch are made to align to a desired relationship with the current actual time are made is implementation-defined. As represented in seconds since the Epoch, each and every day shall be accounted for by exactly 86400 seconds. What has changed? Apart from adding the mod 100 years and mod 400 years leap year rules to the formula, the last two paragraphs have been added. These essentially relax the definition of Seconds Since the Epoch. Without them, a strict interpretation of the old definition would have required that a UTC-aware implementation (e.g., an NTP-synchronized workstation) has to show the same progression of values during an inserted leap second 23:59:60Z and the following first second of the next day 00:00:00Z. In other words, the wording of the old definition could have been interpreted to require UTC-synchronized POSIX clocks to show the same scalar timestamp at 23:59:60.5Z as well as one second later at 00:00:00.5Z, which is indeed what for example the Linux kernel did when connected to a reference clock with activated kernel PLL. The new definition relaxes that and allows for example an implementation to decide to implement the progression of the scalar system time near an inserted leap second by slowing down the system clock briefly, for example according to the formula proposed in http://www.cl.cam.ac.uk/~mgk25/uts.txt As I read it, the new definition still prevents implementations from making the system's scalar time an exact measure of physical time (e.g. by applying the provided encoding formula to a TAI clock display, instead of a UTC clock display) by the requirement of representing each day by an increment of 86400 "seconds" on the scalar clock. (Though nitpickers could of course argue that the text does not explicitely refer to a UTC day, I know :-) Markus -- Markus G. Kuhn, Computer Laboratory, University of Cambridge, UK Email: mkuhn at acm.org, WWW: <http://www.cl.cam.ac.uk/~mgk25/>

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Re: Time Zones changes in Argentina
by Paul Eggert Feb. 5, 2002

Feb. 5, 2002

Thanks for your letter. The tz files acquired some incorrect data about Argentine time from the 3rd edition of Shanks's International Atlas. I now see that the 5th edition corrects this; I'd missed this earlier. >From what I understand, here are the changes that I think need making with respect to Argentine time. * No DST was observed from mid-1974 through mid-1988. * 1966/1967 DST ended on 1967-04-02, not 1967-04-01. * Argentine standard time was introduced 1894-10-31, not 1894-11-01. * Argentine standard time from 1894-10-31 through 1920-04-30 was -4:16:48.25, not -4:16:44. * Rosario and Cordoba have the same time zone history since 1970, so we should mark the America/Rosario Zone as obsolescent. * Many of the transition dates in 1991 and 1992 are incorrect. If you see any problems with these changes, please let me know. It appears that there was widespread disagreement about the clocks in Argentina in 1991 and 1992. Shanks also indicates that we may need up to six more regions in Argentina, as he makes the following additional claims: - Formosa switched to -3:00 on 1991-01-07. - La Rioja and San Juan switched to -4:00 on 1991-03-01 and then to 03:00 on 1991-05-07. - Misiones switched to -3:00 on 1990-12-29. - Chaco switched to -3:00 on 1991-01-04. - San Luis switched to -4:00 on 1990-03-14, then to -3:00 on 1990-10-15, then to -4:00 on 1991-03-01, then to -3:00 on 1991-06-01. - Santiago del Estero switched to -4:00 on 1991-04-01, then to -3:00 on 1991-04-26. However, his claims are a bit odd, and his data about this confusing area seem to peter out around 1992 even though the book was published in 1999. I think I'll defer adding Zones for each of these regions until we get more info. If you're interested, here is the draft of some revised tables for Argentina. I'll included these in my next proposed patch. # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S Rule Arg 1930 only - Dec 1 0:00 1:00 S Rule Arg 1931 only - Apr 1 0:00 0 - Rule Arg 1931 only - Oct 15 0:00 1:00 S Rule Arg 1932 1940 - Mar 1 0:00 0 - Rule Arg 1932 1939 - Nov 1 0:00 1:00 S Rule Arg 1940 only - Jul 1 0:00 1:00 S Rule Arg 1941 only - Jun 15 0:00 0 - Rule Arg 1941 only - Oct 15 0:00 1:00 S Rule Arg 1943 only - Aug 1 0:00 0 - Rule Arg 1943 only - Oct 15 0:00 1:00 S Rule Arg 1946 only - Mar 1 0:00 0 - Rule Arg 1946 only - Oct 1 0:00 1:00 S Rule Arg 1963 only - Oct 1 0:00 0 - Rule Arg 1963 only - Dec 15 0:00 1:00 S Rule Arg 1964 1966 - Mar 1 0:00 0 - Rule Arg 1964 1966 - Oct 15 0:00 1:00 S Rule Arg 1967 only - Apr 2 0:00 0 - Rule Arg 1967 1968 - Oct Sun>=1 0:00 1:00 S Rule Arg 1968 1969 - Apr Sun>=1 0:00 0 - Rule Arg 1974 only - Jan 23 0:00 1:00 S Rule Arg 1974 only - May 1 0:00 0 - Rule Arg 1988 only - Dec 1 0:00 1:00 S Rule Arg 1989 1993 - Mar Sun>=1 0:00 0 - Rule Arg 1989 1992 - Oct Sun>=15 0:00 1:00 S Rule Arg 1999 only - Oct Sun>=1 0:00 1:00 S Rule Arg 2000 only - Mar Sun>=1 0:00 0 - # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] # # Buenos Aires (BA), Capital Federal (CF), Santa Cruz (SC), # Tierra del Fuego, Antartida e Islas del Atlantico Sur (TF) Zone America/Buenos_Aires -3:53:48 - LMT 1894 Oct 31 -4:16:48 - CMT 1920 May # Cordoba Mean Time -4:00 - ART 1930 Dec -4:00 Arg AR%sT 1969 Oct 5 -3:00 Arg AR%sT 1999 Oct 3 -4:00 Arg AR%sT 2000 Mar 3 -3:00 - ART # # Santa Fe (SF), Entre Rios (ER), Corrientes (CN), Misiones (MN), Chaco (CC), # Formosa (FM), Salta (SA), Tucuman (TM), Santiago del Estero (SE), # Cordoba (CB), La Rioja (LR), San Juan (SJ), San Luis (SL), La Pampa (LP), # Neuquen (NQ), Rio Negro (RN), Chubut (CH) Zone America/Cordoba -4:16:48 - LMT 1894 Oct 31 -4:16:48 - CMT 1920 May -4:00 - ART 1930 Dec -4:00 Arg AR%sT 1969 Oct 5 -3:00 Arg AR%sT 1991 Mar 3 -4:00 - WART 1991 Oct 20 -3:00 Arg AR%sT 1999 Oct 3 -4:00 Arg AR%sT 2000 Mar 3 -3:00 - ART # # Jujuy (JY) Zone America/Jujuy -4:21:12 - LMT 1894 Oct 31 -4:16:48 - CMT 1920 May -4:00 - ART 1930 Dec -4:00 Arg AR%sT 1969 Oct 5 -3:00 Arg AR%sT 1990 Mar 4 -4:00 - WART 1990 Oct 28 -4:00 1:00 WARST 1991 Mar 17 -4:00 - WART 1991 Oct 6 -3:00 1:00 ARST 1992 -3:00 Arg AR%sT 1999 Oct 3 -4:00 Arg AR%sT 2000 Mar 3 -3:00 - ART # # Catamarca (CT) Zone America/Catamarca -4:23:08 - LMT 1894 Oct 31 -4:16:48 - CMT 1920 May -4:00 - ART 1930 Dec -4:00 Arg AR%sT 1969 Oct 5 -3:00 Arg AR%sT 1991 Mar 3 -4:00 - WART 1991 Oct 20 -3:00 Arg AR%sT 1999 Oct 3 -4:00 Arg AR%sT 2000 Mar 3 -3:00 - ART # # Mendoza (MZ) Zone America/Mendoza -4:35:16 - LMT 1894 Oct 31 -4:16:48 - CMT 1920 May -4:00 - ART 1930 Dec -4:00 Arg AR%sT 1969 Oct 5 -3:00 Arg AR%sT 1990 Mar 4 -4:00 - WART 1990 Oct 15 -4:00 1:00 WARST 1991 Mar 1 -4:00 - WART 1991 Oct 15 -4:00 1:00 WARST 1992 Mar 1 -4:00 - WART 1992 Oct 18 -3:00 Arg AR%sT 1999 Oct 3 -4:00 Arg AR%sT 2000 Mar 3 -3:00 - ART

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IERS Message No. 21: IERS/GGFC Special Bureau for Loading
by central_bureau＠iers.org Jan. 29, 2002

Jan. 29, 2002

*************************************************************************** IERS Message No. 21 January 29, 2002 *************************************************************************** IERS/GGFC Special Bureau for Loading established On February 1, 2002, the Special Bureau for Loading (SBL) will be established by IERS under its Global Geophysical Fluids Center (GGFC), joining the seven existing Special Bureaus of GGFC. SBL is to promote, stimulate and coordinate work and progress towards a service providing information on Earth surface deformation and gravity variations due to surface mass loading. The SBL will provide in near real-time a consistent global solution data set describing at least the surface deformation, gravity signal and geocenter variations due to the various surface loading processes (beginning with atmospheric pressure and eventually including reliable models of non-tidal ocean loading and continental water mass variations) in reference frames relevant for direct comparison with geodetic observing techniques. For the special case of ocean tidal loading, the existing classical products will also be made available through the SBL. The SBL is co-chaired by T. van Dam (European Center for Geodynamics and Seismology, Luxembourg; <tvd(a)ecgs.lu>) and H.-P. Plag (Norwegian Mapping Authority; <plag(a)statkart.no>). Its members include: G. Blewitt (U. Nevada), J.-P. Boy (NASA Goddard), O. Francis (European Center for Geodynamics and Seismology), P. Gegout (U. Strasbourg), H. Kierulf (Norwegian Mapping Authority), T. Sato (Japan National Astronomical Observatory), H.G. Scherneck (Onsala Space Observatory), and J. Wahr (U. Colorado). To maintain a close tie with the present efforts being undertaken at IERS, Ex-officio members of the SBL also include the chairs of the existing Special Bureaus of GGFC: B. Chao, V. Dehant, R. Gross, R. Ray, D. Salstein, M. Watkins and C. Wilson (see <http://bowie.gsfc.nasa.gov/ggfc/>). The SBL will have its first workshop March 4-5, 2002, in Luxembourg to establish the scientific priorities and to work out an operational schedule. We plan to begin operational production of atmospheric derived loading effects by January 1, 2003. Dr. Benjamin Fong Chao Head, Space Geodesy Branch, Code 926 NASA's Goddard Space Flight Center Greenbelt, Maryland 20771, USA phone: 301-614-6104, fax: 301-614-6099 e-mail: chao(a)bowie.gsfc.nasa.gov *************************************************************************** IERS Messages are edited and distributed by the IERS Central Bureau. To subscribe or unsubscribe, please write to <central_bureau(a)iers.org>. Archives: http://www.iers.org/iers/publications/messages/ ***************************************************************************

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2002b
by Olson, Arthur David (NCI) Jan. 28, 2002

Jan. 28, 2002

Correct (as far as I've been able to test) versions of the new time zone stuff are now available as ftp://elsie.nci.nih.gov/pub/tzcode2002b.tar.gz and ftp://elsie.nci.nih.gov/pub/tzdata2002b.tar.gz (I still need to track down how the original versions got corrupted, but have transferred the above by way of another path.) --ado

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