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Why is CET called MET?
by Paul Eggert June 18, 1996

June 18, 1996

[The following item, posted on comp.std.internat, is of interest to the tz mailing list. If Hullah's right, `MET' should be replaced by `CET' everywhere in <URL:ftp://elsie.nci.nih.gov/pub/tzdata96h.tar.gz> except for the `MET' timezone itself. I realize this might break things, though. Comments? --eggert] From: Peter Hullah <Peter.Hullah(a)eurocontrol.fr> Newsgroups: comp.std.internat Subject: Why is CET called MET? Date: Mon, 17 Jun 1996 17:25:44 +0200 Organization: EUROCONTROL European Organisation for the Safety of Air Navigation Message-ID: <31C578F8.258F(a)eurocontrol.fr> Hi, I'm sure this has done the rounds many times before, but I'm new to this group and don't have the archives handy. Can someone please tell me why the heck Central European Time (i.e. the timezone for Central Europe) - which has been called that since I was a kid (a long time!) and still is called that by every English speaking European who cares, especially the satellite TV stations - is known as MET in International standards? Where on Earth is 'Middle Europe'? Doesn't the ISO group, or others, responsible for writing the standards (ISO 8601 et al) have a native English-speaker on it? Thanks Pete -- Peter H.C. Hullah Technical Services mailto:Peter.Hullah@eurocontrol.fr EUROCONTROL Experimental Centre Phone: +33 1 69 88 75 49 BP 15, Rue des Bordes, Fax: +33 1 60 85 15 04 F-91222 BRETIGNY SUR ORGE CEDEX

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a small town in Kent to revive local time zone?
by Paul Eggert June 18, 1996

June 18, 1996

In <URL:news:4q3nc7$qu4@airgun.wg.waii.com> ltso(a)phoenix.london.waii.com (Marc Brett) writes: a small town in Kent is planning to revive its own local time zone -- 5 min 41 sec ahead of GMT! I asked him for more, and he wrote by private mail: I heard it on today's noon BBC news broadcast. It seems to be a millennium celebration project so that this town (on the east coast) can have bragging rights to starting the new year 2000 before Greenwich. Should be in tomorrow's papers, and maybe in the electronic equivalent of same (Guardian, Daily Telegraph, Evening Standard?) He'll see if he can dig up more, and I thought I'd alert the tz list too. (I wonder what the EU will have to say about this. :-)

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British Double Summer Time (BDST)
by Chris Carrier June 14, 1996

June 14, 1996

I remember reading in various wartime issues of the London Times the acronym BDST for British Double Summer Time. Look for the published time of sunrise and sunset in The Times, when BDST was in effect, and if you find a zone reference it will say, "All times B.D.S.T."

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Comment on last posting
by Chris Carrier June 14, 1996

June 14, 1996

Comments on the last posting to the mailing list: I can confirm that British Double Summer Time began on Easter Monday in 1945, at the request of religious leaders, who didn't want the change made on Easter Sunday because it might interfere with attendance at services. (Source: London Times, 1945 Apr 2.) I was under the impression that Northern Ireland observed BDST on the same dates that the rest of the UK did, but that the Republic of Ireland remained on GMT+1 (BST) all year long during WW2 whether or not the UK was on BST or BDST. I just called the AT&T operator to get the time in St. John's, Newfoundland and was quoted GMT-2:30. This would be Newfoundland single, not double, DST. So if they were advancing 2 hours instead of 1 in 1989 (which I find doubtful without confirmation) they are no longer doing it. A call a few days ago to our friends at AT&T got me a time quote for Beijing and Shanghai, of GMT+8. I presume from this that the PRC is no longer into seasonal time changes, and that the whole nation is on GMT+8, which works out in practice to standard time on most of the coast, DST in Chungking, 2*DST in Urumchi (Urumqi) 3*DST in Kashgar, and DST in reverse in Manchuria. Also I remember hearing that Inuvik was on MST w/DST in the early 1970s, then switched to PST w/DST, then switched back to MST w/DST in 1979. Also find it hard to believe an Arctic location would have used DST in peacetime before the late 1960s; unfortunately I don't have precise info available.

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proposed zoneinfo changes for Canada, Britain, Ireland
by Paul Eggert June 13, 1996

June 13, 1996

Here are proposed changes to the tz database, taken from the following: * I went through Shanks to find all unique timezone histories in Canada since 1970; one (America/Dawson_Creek) is unique in Canada even today. * An anonymous tz contributor showed that `IST' is the correct name for summer time in Dublin. * While proofreading the above correction I found some other bugs for Britain and Ireland in 1968 and 1971, which Peter Ilieve kindly verified. * New comments about the noted DST innovator Benjamin Franklin; about a couple of time zone mysteries associated with Watson Lake, Yukon, and Liverpool, Nova Scotia; and about a few other subjects. Comments (particularly from Canadian readers) are welcome. Here is a more detailed log of the proposed changes: europe data: In Dublin use `IST' instead of `BST' (since 1921-12-06). London's 1971-10-31 transition was at 03:00, not 02:00. Set isdst=1 in Belfast, Dublin, and London from 1968-02-18 to 1968-10-27. northamerica data: Create the zone America/Dawson_Creek, which observes MST all year. Northwest Territories and Yukon did not observe DST from 1966 through 1979, so create zones for Inuvik, Iqaluit, Pangnirtung, Rankin_Inlet, Yellowknife. Create the zones America/Nipigon and America/Rainy_River for EST and CST locales that did not observe DST in 1970-1973. Create the zone America/Thunder_Bay, which skipped DST in 1973. Create the zone America/Dawson, which switched from YST to PST in 1973. Create the zone America/Swift_Current for west Saskatechewan towns that switched from MST/MDT to CST in 1972. Create zone America/Glace_Bay for AST locales that did not use DST in 1970-1971. Regina observed CST (not MDT) between 1960 and 1966. Whitehorse's 1966-07-01 transition was at 02:00 (not 00:00). Northwest Territories and Yukon observed double DST in 1965. In 1959, Regina switched from MDT to MST on 10-25, not 09-27. Whitehorse switched from YDT to YST on 1945-09-30 (this transition was missing). comments: Add comments about noted DST innovators B Franklin and W Willett, plus an acerbic quote about DST by R Davies. Remove old vague or misleading comments about Canadian rules. Move comments about Canadian provinces closer to the tables that they describe, and add a header for each major table. Touch up comments about Italy. Add a source for this year's changes to Mexico's rules. Here is the proposed patch: =================================================================== RCS file: RCS/europe,v retrieving revision 1996.8 retrieving revision 1996.8.1.1 diff -c -r1996.8 -r1996.8.1.1 *** europe 1996/05/09 21:40:46 1996.8 --- europe 1996/06/13 05:39:38 1996.8.1.1 *************** *** 125,130 **** --- 125,139 ---- # transition date for London, namely 1847 Sep 22. We don't know as much # about Dublin, so we use 1880 Aug 2, the legal transition time. + # From Paul Eggert (1996-06-12): + # Summer Time was first seriously proposed by William Willett (1857-1915), + # a London builder who circulated a pamphlet ``Waste of Daylight'' (1907) + # that proposed advancing clocks 20 minutes on each of four Sundays in April, + # and retarding them by the same amount on four Sundays in September. + # A bill was drafted in 1909 and introduced in Parliament several times, + # but it met with ridicule and opposition, especially from farming interests. + # One-hour Summer Time was eventually adopted as a wartime measure in 1916. + # From Arthur David Olson (January 19, 1989): # # A source at the British Information Office in New York avers that it's *************** *** 418,423 **** --- 427,448 ---- # who provided the wartime regulations and a snippet of Hansard explaining # why double summer time started on a Monday in 1945 (it was Easter). + # From Peter Ilieve <peter(a)aldie.co.uk> (1996-05-29): + # I have now got a copy of the British Standard Time Act 1968. + # It says (S4(2)) that it expires at 02:00 GMT on 31 October 1971 unless + # an Order in Council was passed in Parliament to make the Act permanent. + # No Order was passed, so 02:00 1971-10-31 it is... + # + # Interestingly, it says baldly `This Act shall come into force on + # 27 October 1968', without giving a time. As S1 of the Act merely + # stated that `The time for general purposes in the United Kingdom + # (to be known as British standard time) shall be one hour in + # advance of Greenwich mean time throughout the year; ...' you could + # possibly argue that the start time of BStandardT was 00:00 1968-10-27, + # especially as the Act repealed the Summer Time Acts 1916--1947 in toto, + # thereby destroying the authority of the Summer Time Order specifying + # summer time in 1968.... + # From Peter Ilieve <peter(a)memex.co.uk> (November 18, 1993) # # Here is a revised version of my tabrules file for the perl script I sent *************** *** 617,623 **** # To maintain strict historical accuracy you could start a new UK ending rule # of Oct Sun>=22 in 1990. ! # From Paul Eggert <eggert(a)twinsun.com> (November 18, 1993): # # As Ilieve remarks, the date `20 April 1924' in the table of ``Summer Time: A # Consultation Document'' (Cm 722, 1989) table is a transcription error; --- 642,648 ---- # To maintain strict historical accuracy you could start a new UK ending rule # of Oct Sun>=22 in 1990. ! # From Paul Eggert <eggert(a)twinsun.com> (1996-06-12): # # As Ilieve remarks, the date `20 April 1924' in the table of ``Summer Time: A # Consultation Document'' (Cm 722, 1989) table is a transcription error; *************** *** 637,651 **** # It actually just had one transition. # * Northern Ireland used single daylight savings time throughout WW II. # Actually, it conformed to Britain. # ! # The following claim by Shanks is possible though doubtful; ! # we'll ignore it for now. # * Jersey, Guernsey, and the Isle of Man did not switch from GMT # to daylight savings time until 1921 Apr 3, when they began to # conform with Great Britain. # # Whitman says Dublin Mean Time was -0:25:21, which is more precise than Shanks. # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S # 1916 to 1925--irregular Rule GB-Eire 1916 only - May 21 2:00s 1:00 BST --- 662,689 ---- # It actually just had one transition. # * Northern Ireland used single daylight savings time throughout WW II. # Actually, it conformed to Britain. + # * GB-Eire changed standard time to 1 hour ahead of GMT on 1968-02-18. + # Actually, that date saw the usual switch to summer time. + # Standard time was not changed until 1968-10-27 (the clocks didn't change). # ! # The following claims by Shanks are possible though doubtful; ! # we'll ignore them for now. # * Jersey, Guernsey, and the Isle of Man did not switch from GMT # to daylight savings time until 1921 Apr 3, when they began to # conform with Great Britain. + # * Dublin's 1971-10-31 switch was at 02:00, even though London's was 03:00. + # # # Whitman says Dublin Mean Time was -0:25:21, which is more precise than Shanks. + # From an anonymous contributor (1996-06-02): + # The law governing time in Ireland is under Statutory Instrument SI 395/94, + # which gives force to European Union 7th Council Directive # 94/21/EC. + # Under this directive, the Minister for Justice in Ireland makes appropriate + # regulations. I spoke this morning with the Secretary of the Department of + # Justice (tel +353 1 678 9711) who confirmed to me that the correct name is + # "Irish Summer Time", abbreviated to "IST". + # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S # 1916 to 1925--irregular Rule GB-Eire 1916 only - May 21 2:00s 1:00 BST *************** *** 710,720 **** Rule GB-Eire 1960 only - Apr 10 2:00s 1:00 BST Rule GB-Eire 1961 1963 - Mar lastSun 2:00s 1:00 BST Rule GB-Eire 1964 1967 - Mar Sun>=19 2:00s 1:00 BST Rule GB-Eire 1972 1980 - Mar Sun>=16 2:00s 1:00 BST # 1953 to 1980, ending rules Rule GB-Eire 1953 1960 - Oct Sun>=1 2:00s 0 GMT ! Rule GB-Eire 1961 1967 - Oct Sun>=23 2:00s 0 GMT ! Rule GB-Eire 1971 only - Oct 31 3:00 0 GMT Rule GB-Eire 1972 1980 - Oct Sun>=23 2:00s 0 GMT # 1981 on Rule GB-Eire 1981 1995 - Mar lastSun 1:00u 1:00 BST --- 748,758 ---- Rule GB-Eire 1960 only - Apr 10 2:00s 1:00 BST Rule GB-Eire 1961 1963 - Mar lastSun 2:00s 1:00 BST Rule GB-Eire 1964 1967 - Mar Sun>=19 2:00s 1:00 BST + Rule GB-Eire 1968 only - Feb 18 2:00s 1:00 BST Rule GB-Eire 1972 1980 - Mar Sun>=16 2:00s 1:00 BST # 1953 to 1980, ending rules Rule GB-Eire 1953 1960 - Oct Sun>=1 2:00s 0 GMT ! Rule GB-Eire 1961 1968 - Oct Sun>=23 2:00s 0 GMT Rule GB-Eire 1972 1980 - Oct Sun>=23 2:00s 0 GMT # 1981 on Rule GB-Eire 1981 1995 - Mar lastSun 1:00u 1:00 BST *************** *** 724,752 **** # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] Zone Europe/London -0:01:15 - LMT 1847 Sep 22 ! 0:00 GB-Eire %s 1968 Feb 18 2:00 ! 1:00 - BST 1971 Oct 31 2:00 0:00 GB-Eire %s 1996 0:00 EU GMT/BST Zone Europe/Belfast -0:23:40 - LMT 1880 Aug 2 -0:25:21 - DMT 1916 May 21 2:00 # Dublin MT -0:25:21 1:00 DST 1916 Oct 1 3:00 ! 0:00 GB-Eire %s 1968 Feb 18 2:00 ! 1:00 - BST 1971 Oct 31 3:00 0:00 GB-Eire %s 1996 0:00 EU GMT/BST Zone Europe/Dublin -0:25:21 - LMT 1880 Aug 2 -0:25:21 - DMT 1916 May 21 2:00 # Dublin MT -0:25:21 1:00 DST 1916 Oct 1 3:00 ! 0:00 GB-Eire %s 1940 Feb 25 2:00 ! 0:00 1:00 BST 1946 Oct 6 2:00 0:00 - GMT 1947 Mar 16 2:00 ! 0:00 1:00 BST 1947 Nov 2 2:00 0:00 - GMT 1948 Apr 18 2:00 ! 0:00 GB-Eire %s 1968 Feb 18 2:00 ! 1:00 - BST 1971 Oct 31 3:00 ! 0:00 GB-Eire %s 1996 ! 0:00 EU GMT/BST ############################################################################### --- 762,791 ---- # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] Zone Europe/London -0:01:15 - LMT 1847 Sep 22 ! 0:00 GB-Eire %s 1968 Oct 27 ! 1:00 - BST 1971 Oct 31 2:00u 0:00 GB-Eire %s 1996 0:00 EU GMT/BST Zone Europe/Belfast -0:23:40 - LMT 1880 Aug 2 -0:25:21 - DMT 1916 May 21 2:00 # Dublin MT -0:25:21 1:00 DST 1916 Oct 1 3:00 ! 0:00 GB-Eire %s 1968 Oct 27 ! 1:00 - BST 1971 Oct 31 2:00u 0:00 GB-Eire %s 1996 0:00 EU GMT/BST Zone Europe/Dublin -0:25:21 - LMT 1880 Aug 2 -0:25:21 - DMT 1916 May 21 2:00 # Dublin MT -0:25:21 1:00 DST 1916 Oct 1 3:00 ! 0:00 GB-Eire %s 1921 Dec 6 ! 0:00 GB-Eire GMT/IST 1940 Feb 25 2:00 ! 0:00 1:00 IST 1946 Oct 6 2:00 0:00 - GMT 1947 Mar 16 2:00 ! 0:00 1:00 IST 1947 Nov 2 2:00 0:00 - GMT 1948 Apr 18 2:00 ! 0:00 GB-Eire GMT/IST 1968 Oct 27 ! 1:00 - IST 1971 Oct 31 2:00u ! 0:00 GB-Eire GMT/IST 1996 ! 0:00 EU GMT/IST ############################################################################### *************** *** 1294,1304 **** # Italy # From Paul Eggert (1996-05-06): # For Italian DST we have three sources: Shanks, Whitman, and F. Pollastri ! # <http://pisolo.cstv.to.cnr.it/toi/it/ienitlt.html> (see `FP' below), # taken from a publication of the Italian National Electrotechnical Institute. # When the three sources disagree, guess who's right, as follows: # ! # year FP Shanks (S) Whitman (W) Go with: # 1916 06-03 06-03 24:00 06-03 00:00 FP & W # 09-30 09-30 24:00 09-30 01:00 FP; guess 24:00s # 1917 04-01 03-31 24:00 03-31 00:00 FP & S --- 1333,1343 ---- # Italy # From Paul Eggert (1996-05-06): # For Italian DST we have three sources: Shanks, Whitman, and F. Pollastri ! # <URL:http://pisolo.cstv.to.cnr.it/toi/uk/ienitlt.html> (see `FP' below), # taken from a publication of the Italian National Electrotechnical Institute. # When the three sources disagree, guess who's right, as follows: # ! # year FP Shanks (S) Whitman (W) Go with: # 1916 06-03 06-03 24:00 06-03 00:00 FP & W # 09-30 09-30 24:00 09-30 01:00 FP; guess 24:00s # 1917 04-01 03-31 24:00 03-31 00:00 FP & S =================================================================== RCS file: RCS/northamerica,v retrieving revision 1996.7 retrieving revision 1996.7.1.1 diff -c -r1996.7 -r1996.7.1.1 *** northamerica 1996/05/03 02:49:59 1996.7 --- northamerica 1996/06/13 05:39:38 1996.7.1.1 *************** *** 21,26 **** --- 21,44 ---- # Make sure you have the errata sheet; the book is somewhat useless without it. # It is the source for the US and Puerto Rico entries below. + # From Paul Eggert (1996-06-12): + # Daylight Saving Time was first suggested as a joke by Benjamin Franklin + # in his whimsical essay ``Turkey vs Eagle, McCauley is my Beagle'' (1784). + # Not everyone is happy with the results: + # + # I don't really care how time is reckoned so long as there is some + # agreement about it, but I object to being told that I am saving + # daylight when my reason tells me that I am doing nothing of the kind. + # I even object to the implication that I am wasting something + # valuable if I stay in bed after the sun has risen. As an admirer + # of moonlight I resent the bossy insistence of those who want to + # reduce my time for enjoying it. At the back of the Daylight Saving + # scheme I detect the bony, blue-fingered hand of Puritanism, eager + # to push people into bed earlier, and get them up earlier, to make + # them healthy, wealthy and wise in spite of themselves. + # + # -- Robertson Davies, The Diary of Samuel Marchbanks (1947), XIX, Sunday + # From Arthur David Olson: # US Daylight Saving Time ended on the last Sunday of *October* in 1974. # See, for example, the front page of the Saturday, October 26, 1974 *************** *** 463,540 **** # Canada - # Canada is reportedly lots easier than the US--leastways since 1951. - # I don't know what they did before then. - # 4.3BSD claims that it's perfectly regular. - # According to a posting in "comp.bugs.misc", "comp.unix.wizards", etc. - # on February 8, 1987, by Dave Sherman of the Law Society of Upper Canada, - # "...Canada (well, Ontario and at least some of the other provinces) are - # adopting the new daylight savings time rules...". We assume all of - # Canada is doing so. - - # From Bob Devine (January 28, 1988): - # All of Canada did have DST from your first rule except Saskatchewan. - # Which parts did not observe DST is hard to pinpoint but most of the - # province follows the rules. - # NOTE: those that didn't have DST for that rule, also - # probably did not have it for several years previous. - - # From U. S. Naval Observatory (January 19, 1989): - # CANADA NEW FDL 3.5H BEHIND UTC ST.JOHN'S - # CANADA NEW FDL 1.5H BEHIND UTC APR 3 - OCT 29 - # CANADA ATLANTIC 4 H BEHIND UTC HALIFAX - # CANADA ATLANTIC 3 H BEHIND UTC APR 3 - OCT 29 - # CANADA EASTERN 5 H BEHIND UTC TORONTO, MONTREAL, OTTAWA - # CANADA EASTERN 4 H BEHIND UTC APR 3 - OCT 29 - # CANADA CENTRAL 6 H BEHIND UTC REGINA, WINNIPEG - # CANADA CENTRAL 5 H BEHIND UTC APR 3 - OCT 29 - # CANADA MOUNTAIN 7 H BEHIND UTC CALGARY, EDMONTON - # CANADA MOUNTAIN 6 H BEHIND UTC APR 3 - OCT 29 - # CANADA PACIFIC 8 H BEHIND UTC VANCOUVER - # CANADA PACIFIC 7 H BEHIND UTC APR 3 - OCT 29 - # CANADA YUKON SAME AS PACIFIC DAWSON - - # From Arthur David Olson (January 21, 1989): - # April 3 fell on a Sunday in 1988; October 29 fell on a Sunday in 1989. Ahem. - # Note claim that there's double DST in Newfoundland and that Yukon should - # be same as Pacific. - - # From W. Jones (jones(a)skdad.usask.ca) (November 6, 1992): - # The. . .below is based on information I got from our law library, the - # provincial archives, and the provincial Community Services department. - # A precise history would require digging through newspaper archives, and - # since you didn't say what you wanted, I didn't bother. - # - # Saskatchewan is split by a time zone meridian (105W) and over the years - # the boundary became pretty ragged as communities near it reevaluated - # their affiliations in one direction or the other. In 1965 a provincial - # referendum favoured legislating common time practices. - # - # On 15 April 1966 the Time Act (c. T-14, Revised Statutes of - # Saskatchewan 1978) was proclaimed, and established that the eastern - # part of Saskatchewan would use CST year round, that districts in - # northwest Saskatchewan would by default follow CST but could opt to - # follow Mountain Time rules (thus 1 hour difference in the winter and - # zero in the summer), and that districts in southwest Saskatchewan would - # by default follow MT but could opt to follow CST. - # - # It took a few years for the dust to settle (I know one story of a town - # on one time zone having its school in another, such that a mom had to - # serve her family lunch in two shifts), but presently it seems that only - # a few towns on the border with Alberta (e.g. Lloydminster) follow MT - # rules any more; all other districts appear to have used CST year round - # since sometime in the 1960s. - # - # Here's how I would summarize things. Establish a "Saskatchewan" CST - # time zone, and note that it officially exists as of 15 April 1966. Any - # current exceptions can put themselves in the "Mountain" zone, since - # those are the rules they follow. Any past exceptions can be forgotten, - # since that's what those who live here have done. - - # From Arthur David Olson (November 21, 1992): - # East-Saskatchewan kept to avoid problems for folks using that zone by name; - # plain Saskatchewan added. - # From Alain LaBont<e'> <ALB(a)immedia.ca> (1994-11-14): # I post here the time zone abbreviations standardized in Canada # for both English and French in the CAN/CSA-Z234.4-89 standard.... --- 481,486 ---- *************** *** 567,573 **** # From Paul Eggert <eggert(a)twinsun.com> (1994-11-22): # Alas, this sort of thing must be handled by localization software. ! # From Shanks (1991): # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S Rule StJohns 1917 1918 - Apr Sun>=8 2:00 1:00 D Rule StJohns 1917 only - Sep 17 2:00 0 S --- 513,533 ---- # From Paul Eggert <eggert(a)twinsun.com> (1994-11-22): # Alas, this sort of thing must be handled by localization software. ! # The data for Canada are all from Shanks (1991). ! ! ! # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S ! Rule Canada 1918 only - Apr 14 2:00 1:00 D ! Rule Canada 1918 only - Oct 31 2:00 0 S ! Rule Canada 1942 only - Feb 9 2:00 1:00 D ! Rule Canada 1945 only - Sep 30 2:00 0 S ! Rule Canada 1974 1986 - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D ! Rule Canada 1974 max - Oct lastSun 2:00 0 S ! Rule Canada 1987 max - Apr Sun>=1 2:00 1:00 D ! ! ! # Newfoundland ! # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S Rule StJohns 1917 1918 - Apr Sun>=8 2:00 1:00 D Rule StJohns 1917 only - Sep 17 2:00 0 S *************** *** 606,611 **** --- 566,581 ---- -3:31 StJohns N%sT 1935 Mar 30 -3:30 StJohns N%sT + + # Labrador, New Brunswick, Nova Scotia, Prince Edward I + + # From Paul Eggert (1996-06-12): + # Shanks writes that since 1970 most of this region has been like Halifax. + # Many locales did not observe peacetime DST until 1972; + # Glace Bay, NS is the largest that we know of. + # Shanks also writes that Liverpool, NS was the only town in Canada to observe + # DST in 1971 but not 1970; for now we'll assume this is a typo. + # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S Rule Halifax 1916 only - Apr 1 0:00 1:00 D Rule Halifax 1916 only - Oct 1 0:00 0 S *************** *** 650,655 **** --- 620,640 ---- # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] Zone America/Halifax -4:14:24 - LMT 1902 Jun 15 -4:00 Halifax A%sT + Zone America/Glace_Bay -3:59:48 - LMT 1902 Jun 15 + -4:00 Canada A%sT 1953 + -4:00 Halifax A%sT 1954 + -4:00 - AST 1972 + -4:00 Halifax A%sT + + + # Ontario, Quebec + + # From Paul Eggert (1996-06-12): + # Shanks writes that since 1970 most of this region has been like Montreal. + # Thunder Bay skipped DST in 1973. + # Many smaller locales did not observe peacetime DST until 1974; + # Nipigon (EST) and Rainy River (CST) are the largest that we know of. + # Far west Ontario is like Winnipeg; far east Quebec is like Halifax. # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S Rule Mont 1917 only - Mar 25 2:00 1:00 D *************** *** 683,688 **** --- 668,685 ---- # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] Zone America/Montreal -4:54:16 - LMT 1884 -5:00 Mont E%sT + Zone America/Thunder_Bay -5:57:00 - LMT 1895 + -5:00 Canada E%sT 1970 + -5:00 Mont E%sT 1973 + -5:00 - EST 1974 + -5:00 Canada E%sT + Zone America/Nipigon -5:53:04 - LMT 1895 + -5:00 Canada E%sT + Zone America/Rainy_River -6:17:56 - LMT 1895 + -6:00 Canada C%sT + + + # Manitoba # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S Rule Winn 1916 only - Apr 23 0:00 1:00 D *************** *** 712,717 **** --- 709,748 ---- Zone America/Winnipeg -6:28:36 - LMT 1887 Jul 16 -6:00 Winn C%sT + + # Saskatchewan + + # From Paul Eggert (1996-06-12): + # Shanks writes that since 1970 most of this region has been like Regina. + # Some western towns (e.g. Swift Current) switched from MST/MDT to CST in 1972. + # Other western towns (e.g. Lloydminster) are like Edmonton. + + # From W. Jones <jones(a)skdad.usask.ca> (November 6, 1992): + # The. . .below is based on information I got from our law library, the + # provincial archives, and the provincial Community Services department. + # A precise history would require digging through newspaper archives, and + # since you didn't say what you wanted, I didn't bother. + # + # Saskatchewan is split by a time zone meridian (105W) and over the years + # the boundary became pretty ragged as communities near it reevaluated + # their affiliations in one direction or the other. In 1965 a provincial + # referendum favoured legislating common time practices. + # + # On 15 April 1966 the Time Act (c. T-14, Revised Statutes of + # Saskatchewan 1978) was proclaimed, and established that the eastern + # part of Saskatchewan would use CST year round, that districts in + # northwest Saskatchewan would by default follow CST but could opt to + # follow Mountain Time rules (thus 1 hour difference in the winter and + # zero in the summer), and that districts in southwest Saskatchewan would + # by default follow MT but could opt to follow CST. + # + # It took a few years for the dust to settle (I know one story of a town + # on one time zone having its school in another, such that a mom had to + # serve her family lunch in two shifts), but presently it seems that only + # a few towns on the border with Alberta (e.g. Lloydminster) follow MT + # rules any more; all other districts appear to have used CST year round + # since sometime in the 1960s. + # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S Rule Regina 1918 only - Apr 14 2:00 1:00 D Rule Regina 1918 only - Oct 31 2:00 0 S *************** *** 723,737 **** Rule Regina 1939 1941 - Oct Sun>=8 0:00 0 S Rule Regina 1942 only - Feb 9 2:00 1:00 D Rule Regina 1945 only - Sep lastSun 2:00 0 S ! Rule Regina 1946 only - Apr 14 2:00 1:00 D ! Rule Regina 1946 only - Oct 13 2:00 0 S ! Rule Regina 1947 1960 - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D ! Rule Regina 1947 1959 - Sep lastSun 2:00 0 S # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] ! Zone America/Regina -6:58:36 - LMT 1905 Sep ! -7:00 Regina M%sT 1966 Apr 15 -6:00 - CST # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S Rule Edm 1918 1919 - Apr Sun>=8 2:00 1:00 D Rule Edm 1918 only - Oct 31 2:00 0 S --- 754,783 ---- Rule Regina 1939 1941 - Oct Sun>=8 0:00 0 S Rule Regina 1942 only - Feb 9 2:00 1:00 D Rule Regina 1945 only - Sep lastSun 2:00 0 S ! Rule Regina 1946 only - Apr Sun>=8 2:00 1:00 D ! Rule Regina 1946 only - Oct Sun>=8 2:00 0 S ! Rule Regina 1947 1959 - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D ! Rule Regina 1947 1958 - Sep lastSun 2:00 0 S ! Rule Regina 1959 only - Oct lastSun 2:00 0 S ! # ! Rule Swift 1957 only - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D ! Rule Swift 1957 only - Oct lastSun 2:00 0 S ! Rule Swift 1959 1961 - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D ! Rule Swift 1959 only - Oct lastSun 2:00 0 S ! Rule Swift 1960 1961 - Sep lastSun 2:00 0 S # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] ! Zone America/Regina -6:58:36 - LMT 1905 Sep ! -7:00 Regina M%sT 1960 Apr lastSun 2:00 ! -6:00 - CST ! Zone America/Swift_Current -7:11:20 - LMT 1905 Sep ! -7:00 Canada M%sT 1946 Apr lastSun 2:00 ! -7:00 Regina M%sT 1950 ! -7:00 Swift M%sT 1972 Apr lastSun 2:00 -6:00 - CST + + # Alberta + # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S Rule Edm 1918 1919 - Apr Sun>=8 2:00 1:00 D Rule Edm 1918 only - Oct 31 2:00 0 S *************** *** 754,759 **** --- 800,812 ---- Zone America/Edmonton -7:33:52 - LMT 1906 Sep -7:00 Edm M%sT + + # British Columbia + + # From Paul Eggert (1996-06-12): + # Shanks writes that since 1970 most of this region has been like Vancouver. + # Dawswon Creek uses MST. Much of east BC is like Edmonton. + # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S Rule Vanc 1918 only - Apr 14 2:00 1:00 D Rule Vanc 1918 only - Oct 31 2:00 0 S *************** *** 767,789 **** # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] Zone America/Vancouver -8:12:28 - LMT 1884 -8:00 Vanc P%sT # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S ! Rule Yukon 1918 only - Apr 14 2:00 1:00 D ! Rule Yukon 1918 only - Oct 27 2:00 0 S ! Rule Yukon 1919 only - May 25 2:00 1:00 D ! Rule Yukon 1919 only - Nov 1 0:00 0 S ! Rule Yukon 1942 only - Feb 9 2:00 1:00 D ! Rule Yukon 1965 only - Apr 25 0:00 1:00 D ! Rule Yukon 1965 only - Oct 31 2:00 0 S ! Rule Yukon 1980 1986 - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D ! Rule Yukon 1980 max - Oct lastSun 2:00 0 S ! Rule Yukon 1987 max - Apr Sun>=1 2:00 1:00 D ! # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] Zone America/Whitehorse -9:00:12 - LMT 1900 Aug 20 ! -9:00 Yukon Y%sT 1966 Jul ! -8:00 Yukon P%sT ! # Parts of Yukon (e.g. Dawson) didn't switch to -8:00 until 1973 Oct 28. ############################################################################### --- 820,869 ---- # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] Zone America/Vancouver -8:12:28 - LMT 1884 -8:00 Vanc P%sT + Zone America/Dawson_Creek -8:00:56 - LMT 1884 + -8:00 Canada P%sT 1947 + -8:00 Vanc P%sT 1972 Aug 30 2:00 + -7:00 - MST + + + # Northwest Territories, Yukon + + # From Paul Eggert (1996-06-12): + # Dawson switched to PST in 1973. Inuvik switched to MST in 1979. + # Shanks's table for Watson Lake is corrupted, so we have no data there. # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S ! Rule NT_YK 1918 only - Apr 14 2:00 1:00 D ! Rule NT_YK 1918 only - Oct 27 2:00 0 S ! Rule NT_YK 1919 only - May 25 2:00 1:00 D ! Rule NT_YK 1919 only - Nov 1 0:00 0 S ! Rule NT_YK 1942 only - Feb 9 2:00 1:00 D ! Rule NT_YK 1945 only - Sep 30 2:00 0 S ! # 0:00 ?? ! Rule NT_YK 1965 only - Apr lastSun 0:00 2:00 DD ! Rule NT_YK 1965 only - Oct lastSun 2:00 0 S ! Rule NT_YK 1980 1986 - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D ! Rule NT_YK 1980 max - Oct lastSun 2:00 0 S ! Rule NT_YK 1987 max - Apr Sun>=1 2:00 1:00 D ! # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] ! Zone America/Pangnirtung -4:22:56 - LMT 1884 ! -4:00 NT_YK A%sT ! Zone America/Iqaluit -4:33:52 - LMT 1884 # Frobisher Bay ! -5:00 NT_YK E%sT ! Zone America/Rankin_Inlet -6:08:40 - LMT 1884 ! -6:00 NT_YK C%sT ! Zone America/Yellowknife -7:37:24 - LMT 1884 ! -7:00 NT_YK M%sT ! Zone America/Inuvik -8:54:00 - LMT 1884 ! -8:00 NT_YK P%sT 1979 Apr lastSun 2:00 ! -7:00 NT_YK M%sT Zone America/Whitehorse -9:00:12 - LMT 1900 Aug 20 ! -9:00 NT_YK Y%sT 1966 Jul 1 2:00 ! -8:00 NT_YK P%sT ! Zone America/Dawson -9:17:40 - LMT 1900 Aug 20 ! -9:00 NT_YK Y%sT 1973 Oct lastSun 2:00 ! -8:00 NT_YK P%sT ! ############################################################################### *************** *** 868,873 **** --- 948,957 ---- # The Decree was published in Mexico's Official Newspaper on January 4th. # # -------------- End Forwarded Message -------------- + # From Paul Eggert (1996-06-12): + # For an English translation of the decree, + # see ``Diario Oficial: Time Zone Changeover'', + # <URL:http://mexico-travel.com/extra/timezone_eng.html> (1996-01-04). # From Shanks (1991): # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S

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Extracting timezone for a particular location
by llovero＠camb-lads.loral.com June 12, 1996

June 12, 1996

Hello - I am a software engineer working on a government project that needs timezone information for particular locations. It is an application that uses Advanced Distributed Simulation and sets up "wargaming scenarios" in different areas of the world. Each exercise is played on a different terrain database that represents a different part of the world. What I'm looking for is a way to take a location and look up what time zone it is in (the actual information I need is offset from UTC). I cannot depend on any environment variables being set because subsequent exercises may be run on different terrain databases. Any data files need to work on both big-endian and little-endian machines, so the comment in the tzarchive files about a new binary versions of timezone information intrigued me. The software needs to be public domain so it can be released with the project. Thanks for any info you can provide. - Linda Lovero -------- Linda Lovero Lockheed Martin Advanced Distributed Simulation Phone: (617)441-2009 50 Moulton Street Fax: (617)441-2069 Cambridge, MA 02138 email: llovero(a)camb-lads.loral.com

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tz test suite?
by Roland McGrath June 5, 1996

June 5, 1996

Has anyone kept track of all the timezone bugs and made a regression test suite that can be applied to a C library to make sure it handles time zones correctly for the various definitions of correct?

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tzcode96h.tar.gz
by ado June 5, 1996

June 5, 1996

tzcode96h.tar.gz is now available for anonymous ftp from elsie.nci.nih.gov (165.112.73.1) in the ~ftp/pub directory: -rw-r--r-- 1 ado 75300 Jun 5 08:02 tzcode96h.tar.gz The above includes the fix for handling transitions specified in Universal Time; some "public domain" notices have also been added. --ado

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zoneinfo europe
by Tony Sanders June 3, 1996

June 3, 1996

Hi, someone complained to me that: > At 22h37 WEZ here in Dublin you are showing time for Dublin, Ireland at > > Fri May 31 22:35:45 BST 1996 > > Dublin time is (currently) Irish Summer Time (IST) or WEZ (West > Europaische Zeit). Hi there. We are using the zoneinfo data from 4.4BSD-lite The current data I have for Dublin reads: Zone Europe/Dublin -0:25:21 - LMT 1880 Aug 2 -0:25:21 - DMT 1916 May 21 2:00 # Dublin MT -0:25:21 1:00 DST 1916 Oct 1 3:00 0:00 GB-Eire %s 1940 Feb 25 2:00 0:00 1:00 BST 1946 Oct 6 2:00 0:00 - GMT 1947 Mar 16 2:00 0:00 1:00 BST 1947 Nov 2 2:00 0:00 - GMT 1948 Apr 18 2:00 0:00 GB-Eire %s 1968 Feb 18 2:00 1:00 - BST 1971 Oct 31 3:00 0:00 GB-Eire %s Is there an official place to pick up current versions of the zoneinfo files? [and/or is anyone still maintaining them?] I suppose it is possible that BST is still the official timezone for Dublin but I gathered from the zoneinfo file that you would be interested in this information if you didn't already have it.

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8th EU directive, YRDST experiences
by Chris Carrier June 3, 1996

June 3, 1996

Peter Ilieve > INTERNET:peter@aldie.co.uk wrote a Reply to: Re: 8th EU directive, UK on CET, Port. PTA >The reason it was done this early is largely because the seventh directive >was produced quite late, 30 May 1994. This didn't leave much time for >National Governments to enact their own legislation. For example the >UK Summer Time order wasn't made until 2 November 94, and that was >for the 1995 dates. This caught out many diary publishers as in 1995 >the UK ended summer time on 22 October, the 4th Sunday, rather than the >more traditional Sunday after the 4th Saturday (29 Oct). Even May of >the year before is a bit late for timetable planning. I agree there are some advantages to doing it up at least a year in advance ... last Friday (May 31) I received a 1997 wall calendar I ordered in mid-May, and this calendar had a copyright date of 1995. In the Nautical Almanac, whose timezone records I have back to the early 1960s, the timezone list is usually updated to late in the THIRD calendar year before the year the almanac is printed for, and although they state that "in general no attempt is made to list the beginning and end of summer time, as they are subject to frequent changes on short notice" they do give the dates for the US and UK, often erroneously because of changes made after the date of publication ... for example the UK in the mid-80s is listed as ending Summer Time on the second Sunday in October because of a deal with the EC that apparently fell through, and the US is listed on DST all year from 1974 January 6 to 1975 October 26, as called for in the Emergency DST Act of 1973, while not mentioning the later law that was passed (by angry popular demand, which I would like to think I had a part in forming, at least locally) in late 1974 calling for a reversion to Standard Time from 1974 October 27 to 1975 February 23. >>Personally, I think time zone changes are of sufficent importance that there >>ought to be constitutional language requiring a public referendum in the >>affected area before a change in rules is made. >Constitutional language is hard to find in the UK, Good point. In that case insert phrase "Act of Parliament" in lieu. Here in California our state's constitution forbids a number of acts, without a referendum and allows for people to propose ballot measures "the initative." I understand a number of European countries provision for referenda in their constitutions, and the UK had a referendum once on Common Market membership. >and I doubt that summer time would be high on the list of priorities if we >did choose to invent some. :-) Depends on the situation. In the UK's current situation, or in 83% of the US, it's not a high priority; but it would be if the UK were on CET, it would be, just as it was in Portugal. >[re: `option 2', the UK moving an hour forward, both summer and winter] >The pressure for this change >seems to be coming from a vociferous pressure group within the UK. One would think they would have learnt their lesson in 1968-71, just as the US did in 1974. After the 1974 DST mess virtually nobody advocated favoring year-round DST, although, of course, a movement started in 1975 for an increased summer time period which achieved success in 1986, as from 1987 the US began DST on the first, instead of the last, Sunday in April. But YRDST has very little support in the US, judging by letters to papers and proposals in Congress post-1975 versus pre-1973, where a bill in Congress calling for permanent YRDST "New Standard Time" was introduced in 1972, the same year another bill calling for the contiguous USA to adopt a standard time of GMT- 06:30 throughout, the equivalent of DST and a half on the West Coast plus an extra hour in summer, the same situation Portugal just decided to dump. Of course, by 1996 about a third of the population would have had no personal memory of their countries' respective YRDST experiences. >The government have been too timid ever since the consultation exercise >about this in 1989 to make any decision, the matter is officially `under >constant review'. My guess is that if they do decide to change they would >try very hard to blame the change on the Commission and the EU in general, >hence the prominent notes by the Commission in this survey report saying >`nothing to do with us gov'. I would be interested in seeing or knowing where I could get copies of any official docs on this. Was the matter discussed in The Times? (London) Interesting that the European system allows member nations to set their own zone, but makes summer time mandatory, the opposite of the American system (Uniform Time Act of 1967, as amended) makes the zone set by the federal government while allowing states to opt out of the 'advanced' (summer or daylight saving) time provision. >I reported back in February the results of an >email exchange with Martin Bruckmann in Portugal <martin(a)ci.ua.pt>. He said: >-And, a novelty (or back to how it was before E.U.): Portugal is >-re-adopting its more natural time, i.e. the same as in the U.K. It is >-still 1h delay compared to its solar time, but it's already better than >-the E.U. imposed Central European Time, which forced little kids to >-wake up very early to go to school in the total darkness in Winter... Actually Portugal's delay is about 30m compared to solar time (make that about 40m on the coast)so they, like Ireland, really ought to consider going on GMT- 0:30, as that meridian runs through them and GMT doesn't. Chris Carrier

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Re: 8th EU directive, UK on CET, Port. PTA
by peter＠aldie.co.uk May 31, 1996

May 31, 1996

Chris Carrier <72157.3334(a)CompuServe.COM> wrote: > Actually I would think that they should not make any formal proposals until > after 1996 Oct 27, when the first October of the EU on DST is over, to gauge > public reaction to it. The reason it was done this early is largely because the seventh directive was produced quite late, 30 May 1994. This didn't leave much time for National Governments to enact their own legislation. For example the UK Summer Time order wasn't made until 2 November 94, and that was for the 1995 dates. This caught out many diary publishers as in 1995 the UK ended summer time on 22 October, the 4th Sunday, rather than the more traditional Sunday after the 4th Saturday (29 Oct). Even May of the year before is a bit late for timetable planning. The reason it was late was that the sixth directive only said that the Council of Ministers, acting on a proposal from the Commission, would produce a directive by 1 Jan 94. The Commission didn't produce its proposal until 27 Sep 93, not leaving much time for the rest of the process. In retaliation, the Council specified a two step process for producing the next directive, the Commission to produce proposals by 1 Jan 96, and the Council to finalise it by 1 Jan 97. > Personally, I think time zone changes are of sufficent importance that there > ought to be constitutional language requiring a public referendum in the > affected area before a change in rules is made. Constitutional language is hard to find in the UK, and I doubt that summer time would be high on the list of priorities if we did choose to invent some. :-) [re: `option 2', the UK moving an hour forward, both summer and winter] > >The UK government still hasn't formally decided what to do about this issue. > >I am sure they just wish it would go away so they never have to decide. > > Tell the Commission, in polite diplomatic language of course, to blow it out > their ear, to use a common American expression, ... Personally, I would suggest another orifice, I too am no fan of this idea. :-) The problem isn't with the Commission pushing this idea on the UK government. Our current government is quite capable of telling the Commission to get stuffed (currently, with beef offal :-). The pressure for this change seems to be coming from a vociferous pressure group within the UK. The government have been too timid ever since the consultation exercise about this in 1989 to make any decision, the matter is officially `under constant review'. My guess is that if they do decide to change they would try very hard to blame the change on the Commission and the EU in general, hence the prominent notes by the Commission in this survey report saying `nothing to do with us gov'. > >With Portugal having rejoined the UK and > >Eire in the GMT zone I still can't see the UK changing. > > I heard that the Portuguese equivalent of the Parent Teachers Association had > a lot to do with getting Portugal back on GMT. Can anyone supply more details > on this? This may well be true. I reported back in February the results of an email exchange with Martin Bruckmann in Portugal <martin(a)ci.ua.pt>. He said: -And, a novelty (or back to how it was before E.U.) : Portugal is -re-adopting its more natural time, i.e. the same as in the U.K. It is -still 1h delay compared to its solar time, but it's already better than -the E.U. imposed Central European Time, which forced little kids to -wake up very early to go to school in the total darkness in Winter... and: -Yes, it is true. Actually, we just stayed with "Winter time" instead of -changing to Summer time this year. This has been decided by the new Prime -Minister and his government a month ago or so. Exact legal references ? I -don't have any, nor would I know where to look for them. which I rather inaccurately paraphrased as: =After a bit more clarification it seems that the new Portugese Prime =Minister has got fed up with getting up in the dark in the Winter and =has decided they won't put the clocks forward this March. Peter Ilieve peter(a)aldie.co.uk

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couldn't resist ...
by eubank＠itl.atr.co.jp May 31, 1996

May 31, 1996

>With Portugal having rejoined the UK and An unfortunate carriage return left this very strange sentence fragment. This unification thing is clearly getting out of hand. Really, I think they'd be surprised to hear they were ever a part of the UK :-) Stephen Eubank eubank(a)itl.atr.co.jp

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8th EU directive, UK on CET, Port. PTA
by Chris Carrier May 31, 1996

May 31, 1996

Peter Ilieve > INTERNET:peter@aldie.co.uk wrote on the Proposal for an Eighth European Parliament and Council Directive on Summer-Time Arrangements >The long march towards the next, eighth, EU summer time directive has begun. >The last directive told the Commission to produce proposals for the next >directive by 1 Jan 96. These people have no concept of deadlines so they >finally got around to it on 25 April. It proposes no change to the >current rules of last Sunday in March to last Sunday in October, Actually I would think that they should not make any formal proposals until after 1996 Oct 27, when the first October of the EU on DST is over, to gauge public reaction to it. DST is a complicated subject for people who have forgotten basic math, and the majority of the population will frequently support a time rule change proposal until they see it implemented and they find out that that extra hour of light in the evening results in getting up in total darkness only AFTER the rule change is made. A great example occurred in the US during the winter of 1973-4, when the spring DST change was moved from April to January 6. Polls taken in December showed >70% of the American public in favor of the earlier start; polls taken in late January, after three weeks of most people getting up before nautical twilight, showed >70% in favor of going back on standard time. Personally, I think time zone changes are of sufficent importance that there ought to be constitutional language requiring a public referendum in the affected area before a change in rules is made. >It says, as did the 7th directive, that these dates/times don't apply to >overseas territories of the Member States. One would hope not, as a number of such territories are tropical and have <1 hour difference between earliest and latest sunrise, or south temperate and would be on standard time in summer and daylight time in winter. BTW, my contacts in Australia inform me that the .au states that use DST all used the last Sunday in October to the last Sunday in March, the opposite of the EU dates. Personally, I would be in favor of a world agreement to use the last Sundays in March and September to go on and off; if one is going to use DST Down Under, September to March, in the northern hemisphere, March to September. That would mean the time relations would only shift twice a year. >Attached to the proposal is a report from the Commission on .. >summer time in the EU which is interesting from a UK perspective. It seems >to be enthusiastically in favour of what it lists as `option 2': the >moving of the UK into the central European timezone. The effect is >slightly spolied by prominent notes at the start and end to the effect >that the timezone that Member States inhabit is nothing whatever to do >with the Commission. The UK was on European time (so-called "British Standard Time" or summer time all year) from 1968 to 1971, and I remember the (loud and totally justified) protest against it. Sunrise in Scotland and parts of Ireland (the Republic went along with the North) was delayed until >10 a.m. in winter. I remember one brief letter to The Times (London) which summed up the silliness of the whole idea of putting the UK on European Time: "there are about 3,000 telephone links between Britain and the Continent. Why do we need to get 55 million people out of bed in the dark to answer them??" The 'option 2' proposal would in fact be worse than BST; it would be summer time in the winter with double summer time from the last Sundays in March to October. The UK did this only during the shortages-of-everything-including- energy of World War II, and even then the double summer time period was shorter (about four months in high summer) than double summer time as Central European Summer Time. >The UK government still hasn't formally decided what to do about this issue. >I am sure they just wish it would go away so they never have to decide. Tell the Commission, in polite diplomatic language of course, to blow it out their ear, to use a common American expression, and have the British representatives to the Commission propose that Spain, France and Benelux go back on GMT, which is the astronomically correct time zone for those countries and the zone they were on pre-1940. (Well, maybe not Benelux, as neither 0 or 15E runs through them and their standard was 15m or 20m fast on GMT 1919-39). >With Portugal having rejoined the UK and >Eire in the GMT zone I still can't see the UK changing. I heard that the Portuguese equivalent of the Parent Teachers Association had a lot to do with getting Portugal back on GMT. Can anyone supply more details on this? Chris Carrier

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Proposal for an Eighth European Parliament and Council Directive on Summer-Time Arrangements
by peter＠aldie.co.uk May 30, 1996

May 30, 1996

The long march towards the next, eighth, EU summer time directive has begun. The last directive told the Commission to produce proposals for the next directive by 1 Jan 96. These people have no concept of deadlines so they finally got around to it on 25 April. It proposes no change to the current rules of last Sunday in March to last Sunday in October, always at 01:00 GMT. It proposes that the directive should run for four years and gives dates as follows: year start end 1998 29 Mar 25 Oct 1999 28 Mar 31 Oct 2000 26 Mar 29 Oct 2001 25 Mar 28 Oct It says that having it run for four years is important to the transport industry, etc. This wording appeared in the proposal for the seventh directive but that was eventually knocked back to only three years. This one may go the same way. It says, as did the 7th directive, that these dates/times don't apply to overseas territories of the Member States. The document reference is COM(96) 106 final. Attached to the proposal is a report from the Commission on the application of summer time in the EU which is interesting from a UK perspective. It seems to be enthusiastically in favour of what it lists as `option 2': the moving of the UK into the central European timezone. The effect is slightly spolied by prominent notes at the start and end to the effect that the timezone that Member States inhabit is nothing whatever to do with the Commission. The UK government still hasn't formally decided what to do about this issue. I am sure they just wish it would go away so they never have to decide. With Portugal having rejoined the UK and Eire in the GMT zone I still can't see the UK changing. Peter Ilieve peter(a)aldie.co.uk

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zic mishandles `u'-format UNTIL (+ patch)
by Paul Eggert May 29, 1996

May 29, 1996

While preparing some proposed patches to historical data for Belfast, Dublin, and London, I noticed that zic miscompiles the latest tz data's March 1996 transition for Europe/Lisbon. Here's the line that is miscompiled: # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 1:00 EU MET%s 1996 Mar 31 1:00u Here is the zdump output: Europe/Lisbon Sat Mar 30 23:59:59 1996 GMT = Sun Mar 31 00:59:59 1996 MET isdst=0 Europe/Lisbon Sun Mar 31 00:00:00 1996 GMT = Sun Mar 31 01:00:00 1996 WET DST isdst=1 The transition should occur at 01:00 UTC, not 00:00 UTC. Here is a proposed patch. =================================================================== RCS file: RCS/zic.c,v retrieving revision 1996.8 retrieving revision 1996.8.1.1 diff -c -r1996.8 -r1996.8.1.1 *** zic.c 1996/05/16 18:00:12 1996.8 --- zic.c 1996/05/29 21:29:04 1996.8.1.1 *************** *** 1694,1704 **** ** Now we may get to set starttime for the next zone line. */ if (useuntil) { - starttime = tadd(zp->z_untiltime, -gmtoff); startttisstd = zp->z_untilrule.r_todisstd; startttisgmt = zp->z_untilrule.r_todisgmt; if (!startttisstd) starttime = tadd(starttime, -stdoff); } } writezone(zpfirst->z_name); --- 1694,1706 ---- ** Now we may get to set starttime for the next zone line. */ if (useuntil) { startttisstd = zp->z_untilrule.r_todisstd; startttisgmt = zp->z_untilrule.r_todisgmt; + starttime = zp->z_untiltime; if (!startttisstd) starttime = tadd(starttime, -stdoff); + if (!startttisgmt) + starttime = tadd(starttime, -gmtoff); } } writezone(zpfirst->z_name);

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tzcode96g.tar.gz
by ado May 16, 1996

May 16, 1996

The file tzcode96g.tar.gz is now available by anonymous ftp from elsie.nci.nih.gov (165.112.73.1) in the ~ftp/pub directory: -rw-r--r-- 1 ado 74838 May 16 14:00 tzcode96g.tar.gz This incorporates the fix for the simultaneous-DST-and-zone-change challenge. --ado

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Simultaneous zone and DST changes
by ado May 15, 1996

May 15, 1996

The basic challenge with places such as Stanley (where a time-zone shift and a DST change were done at the same instant in 1985, resulting in no change of wall clock time) is that there's an hour when such a place is neither fish nor fowl. Here's a table summarizing what's happening on September 14/15 1995 in five different circumstances; each row of the table gives data for a particular instant in time. The circumstances: 1. What's happening in places that run on GMT 2. What's happening in (hypothetical) places that always run on EST/EDT using Falkland rules 3. What's happening in (hypothetical) places that always run on AST/ADT using Falkland rules 4. What zdump tells us is currently produced by zic for Stanley 5. And what we (presumably) really want for Stanley. =============================================================================== GMT-------|Always-ExT-----|Always-AxT-----|Stanley (now)--|Stanley (wanted) 15 2:59:59|14 23:59:59 EST|14 22:59:59 AST|14 23:59:59 EST|14 23:59:59 EST 15 3:00:00|15 01:00:00 EDT|14 23:00:00 AST|14 23:00:00 AST|15 00:00:00 ADT/EST 15 3:59:59|15 01:59:59 EDT|14 23:59:59 AST|14 23:59:59 AST|15 00:59:59 ADT/EST 15 4:00:00|15 02:00:00 EDT|15 01:00:00 ADT|15 01:00:00 ADT|15 01:00:00 ADT =============================================================================== The "Stanley (wanted)" stuff matches neither the "Always ExT" stuff nor the "Always AxT" stuff (regardless of whether you pick ADT or EST for Stanley to use as a time zone abbreviation during the strange hour). Among the ways to get from "Stanley (now)" to "Stanley (wanted)": 1. Hard code the transition hour--that is, where there are now lines that read... Zone Atlantic/Stanley -3:51:24 - LMT 1890 -3:51 - SMT 1912 Mar 12 -4:00 Falk A%sT 1983 May -3:00 Falk E%sT 1985 Sep 15 -4:00 Falk A%sT ...add a line to cover the hour in 1985... Zone Atlantic/Stanley -3:51:24 - LMT 1890 -3:51 - SMT 1912 Mar 12 -4:00 Falk A%sT 1983 May -3:00 Falk E%sT 1985 Sep 15 -3:00 - EST 1985 Sep 15 1:00 # <<<< -4:00 Falk A%sT 2. Set up zic to notice situations such as the above and "do the right thing." This would involve a code change something like this (with the "horrid special case" check perhaps made more strict): =============================================================================== SCCS/s.zic.c: 7.74 vs. 7.75 *** 7.74/zic.c Tue May 14 14:25:04 1996 --- 7.75/zic.c Tue May 14 14:25:06 1996 *************** *** 1,6 **** #ifndef lint #ifndef NOID ! static char elsieid[] = "@(#)zic.c 7.74"; #endif /* !defined NOID */ #endif /* !defined lint */ --- 1,6 ---- #ifndef lint #ifndef NOID ! static char elsieid[] = "@(#)zic.c 7.75"; #endif /* !defined NOID */ #endif /* !defined lint */ *************** *** 1397,1406 **** if (isdsts[0] == 0) while (attypes[fromi].type == 0) ++fromi; /* handled by default rule */ ! for ( ; fromi < timecnt; ++fromi) if (toi == 0 || attypes[toi - 1].type != attypes[fromi].type) attypes[toi++] = attypes[fromi]; timecnt = toi; } /* --- 1397,1414 ---- if (isdsts[0] == 0) while (attypes[fromi].type == 0) ++fromi; /* handled by default rule */ ! for ( ; fromi < timecnt; ++fromi) { ! /* ! ** Horrid special case. ! */ ! if ((fromi + 1) < timecnt && ! attypes[fromi + 1].at - attypes[fromi].at == ! SECSPERHOUR) ! continue; if (toi == 0 || attypes[toi - 1].type != attypes[fromi].type) attypes[toi++] = attypes[fromi]; + } timecnt = toi; } /* =============================================================================== I lean toward the second approach; are there any better ideas out there? --ado

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tzdata96h.tar.gz
by ado May 9, 1996

May 9, 1996

The file tzdata96h.tar.gz is now available by anonymous ftp from elsie.nci.nih.gov (165.112.73.1) in the ~ftp/pub directory: -rw-r--r-- 1 ado 74236 May 9 17:44 tzdata96h.tar.gz This incorporates the changes that Paul Eggert circulated on the time zone mailing list in the last week. --ado

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proposed tz changes for Armenia, Italy, Krasnoyarsk v Tomsk, `EU' name
by Paul Eggert May 6, 1996

May 6, 1996

Here are some more proposed changes to the tz database. * Change `Kabul' ruleset to `RussiaAsia' and `Gaza' ruleset to `EgyptAsia'. This is partly for consistency in naming, partly to avoid errors when running `zic asia' by itself, since `asia' currently uses `Russia' without defining it. * <edd(a)AIC.NET> reports that Armenia stopped using DST this year, and he also requested a different time zone name. * Rename `EC' to `EU'. This was suggested by Peter Ilieve. * Adjust DST rules for Europe/Rome (and for M-Eur) in the light of a new table for Italian DST published by F. Pollastri. This affects some transitions between 1916 and 1945 inclusive. * Rename Asia/Tomsk to Asia/Krasnoyarsk, since the latter is a much larger representative for that zone. =================================================================== RCS file: RCS/asia,v retrieving revision 1996.7 retrieving revision 1996.7.1.1 diff -c -r1996.7 -r1996.7.1.1 *** asia 1996/05/03 02:49:56 1996.7 --- asia 1996/05/06 08:15:25 1996.7.1.1 *************** *** 30,37 **** # 3:00 AST ADT Arabia* # 3:00 BSK BSD Baku (was 4:00)* # 3:30 IST IDT Iran # 4:00 TBSK TBSD Tbilisi (was 3:00)* - # 4:00 YSK YSD Yerevan (was 3:00)* # 4:00 GST GDT Gulf* # 4:30 AFT Afghanistan* # 5:00 ASK ASD Aktau (was SHSK, SHSD)* --- 30,37 ---- # 3:00 AST ADT Arabia* # 3:00 BSK BSD Baku (was 4:00)* # 3:30 IST IDT Iran + # 4:00 AMST AMDT Armenia (was 3:00) (was YSK, YSD)* # 4:00 TBSK TBSD Tbilisi (was 3:00)* # 4:00 GST GDT Gulf* # 4:30 AFT Afghanistan* # 5:00 ASK ASD Aktau (was SHSK, SHSD)* *************** *** 70,80 **** ############################################################################### # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S ! Rule Kabul 1981 1984 - Apr 1 0:00 1:00 D ! Rule Kabul 1981 1983 - Oct 1 0:00 0 K ! Rule Kabul 1984 max - Sep lastSun 2:00s 0 K ! Rule Kabul 1985 max - Mar lastSun 2:00s 1:00 D # Afghanistan # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] --- 70,81 ---- ############################################################################### + # These rules for Russia are stolen from the `europe' file. # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S ! Rule RussiaAsia 1981 1984 - Apr 1 0:00 1:00 D ! Rule RussiaAsia 1981 1983 - Oct 1 0:00 0 K ! Rule RussiaAsia 1984 max - Sep lastSun 2:00s 0 K ! Rule RussiaAsia 1985 max - Mar lastSun 2:00s 1:00 D # Afghanistan # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] *************** *** 83,105 **** 4:30 - AFT # Armenia ! # From Paul Eggert (1996-04-19): # Shanks has Yerevan switching to 3:00 (with Russian DST) in spring 1991, ! # but usno1995 has Armenia at 4:00 (with DST). Assume Yerevan stayed in ! # sync with Moscow after 1990. # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] Zone Asia/Yerevan 2:58:00 - LMT 1924 May 2 3:00 - YSK 1957 Mar ! 4:00 Russia YS%s 1991 Mar 31 2:00s 3:00 1:00 YSD 1991 Sep 29 2:00s ! 3:00 - YSK 1992 Jan 19 2:00s ! 4:00 Russia YS%s # Azerbaijan # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] Zone Asia/Baku 3:19:24 - LMT 1924 May 2 3:00 - BSK 1957 Mar ! 4:00 Russia BS%s 1991 Mar 31 2:00s 3:00 1:00 BSD 1991 Sep 29 2:00s 3:00 - BSK # Shanks has Baku using Russian DST rules after 1991, --- 84,115 ---- 4:30 - AFT # Armenia ! # From Paul Eggert (1996-05-04): # Shanks has Yerevan switching to 3:00 (with Russian DST) in spring 1991, ! # but usno1995 has Armenia at 4:00 (with DST), and Edgar Der-Danieliantz ! # <edd(a)AIC.NET> reported today that Yerevan probably won't use DST this year, ! # though it did use DST in 1995. We guess Yerevan stayed in sync with Moscow ! # between 1990 and 1995, but stopped using DST in 1996. ! # Der-Danieliantz also asked for a better abbreviation than `YSK' ! # after independence. Apparently no abbreviation is in common use; ! # use `AMST/AMDT' since `AM' is the ISO country code for Armenia. ! # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S ! Rule Armenia 1992 1995 - Sep lastSun 2:00s 0 S ! Rule Armenia 1992 1995 - Mar lastSun 2:00s 1:00 D # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] Zone Asia/Yerevan 2:58:00 - LMT 1924 May 2 3:00 - YSK 1957 Mar ! 4:00 RussiaAsia YS%s 1991 Mar 31 2:00s 3:00 1:00 YSD 1991 Sep 29 2:00s ! 3:00 - AMST 1992 Jan 19 2:00s ! 4:00 Armenia AM%sT 1996 ! 4:00 - AMST # Azerbaijan # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] Zone Asia/Baku 3:19:24 - LMT 1924 May 2 3:00 - BSK 1957 Mar ! 4:00 RussiaAsia BS%s 1991 Mar 31 2:00s 3:00 1:00 BSD 1991 Sep 29 2:00s 3:00 - BSK # Shanks has Baku using Russian DST rules after 1991, *************** *** 308,316 **** Zone Asia/Tbilisi 2:59:16 - LMT 1880 2:59 - LST 1924 May 2 3:00 - TBSK 1957 Mar ! 4:00 Russia TBS%s 1991 Mar 31 2:00s 3:00 1:00 TBSD 1991 Sep 29 2:00s ! 3:00 Russia TBS%s 1994 Sep 25 2:00s 4:00 - TBSK # India --- 318,326 ---- Zone Asia/Tbilisi 2:59:16 - LMT 1880 2:59 - LST 1924 May 2 3:00 - TBSK 1957 Mar ! 4:00 RussiaAsia TBS%s 1991 Mar 31 2:00s 3:00 1:00 TBSD 1991 Sep 29 2:00s ! 3:00 RussiaAsia TBS%s 1994 Sep 25 2:00s 4:00 - TBSK # India *************** *** 581,604 **** # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] Zone Asia/Alma-Ata 5:07:48 - LMT 1924 May 2 # or Almaty 5:00 - AASK 1957 Mar ! 6:00 Russia AAS%s 1991 Mar 31 2:00s 5:00 1:00 AASD 1991 Sep 29 2:00s 5:00 - AASK 1992 Jan 19 2:00s ! 6:00 Russia AAS%s Zone Asia/Aktau 3:21:04 - LMT 1924 May 2 # or Aqtau 4:00 - SHSK 1957 Mar # Fort Shevchenko ! 5:00 Russia SHS%s 1991 Mar 31 2:00s 4:00 1:00 ASD 1991 Sep 29 2:00s 4:00 - ASK 1992 Jan 19 2:00s ! 5:00 Russia AS%s # Kirgizstan # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] Zone Asia/Bishkek 4:58:24 - LMT 1924 May 2 5:00 - FSK 1957 Mar # Frunze ! 6:00 Russia FS%s 1991 Mar 31 2:00s 5:00 1:00 FSD 1991 Sep 29 2:00s ! 5:00 Russia BS%s ############################################################################### --- 591,614 ---- # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] Zone Asia/Alma-Ata 5:07:48 - LMT 1924 May 2 # or Almaty 5:00 - AASK 1957 Mar ! 6:00 RussiaAsia AAS%s 1991 Mar 31 2:00s 5:00 1:00 AASD 1991 Sep 29 2:00s 5:00 - AASK 1992 Jan 19 2:00s ! 6:00 RussiaAsia AAS%s Zone Asia/Aktau 3:21:04 - LMT 1924 May 2 # or Aqtau 4:00 - SHSK 1957 Mar # Fort Shevchenko ! 5:00 RussiaAsia SHS%s 1991 Mar 31 2:00s 4:00 1:00 ASD 1991 Sep 29 2:00s 4:00 - ASK 1992 Jan 19 2:00s ! 5:00 RussiaAsia AS%s # Kirgizstan # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] Zone Asia/Bishkek 4:58:24 - LMT 1924 May 2 5:00 - FSK 1957 Mar # Frunze ! 6:00 RussiaAsia FS%s 1991 Mar 31 2:00s 5:00 1:00 FSD 1991 Sep 29 2:00s ! 5:00 RussiaAsia BS%s ############################################################################### *************** *** 735,750 **** # Palestine # These rules for Egypt are stolen from the `africa' file. # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S ! Rule Gaza 1957 only - May 10 0:00 1:00 " DST" ! Rule Gaza 1957 1958 - Oct 1 0:00 0 - ! Rule Gaza 1958 only - May 1 0:00 1:00 " DST" ! Rule Gaza 1959 1981 - May 1 1:00 1:00 " DST" ! Rule Gaza 1959 1965 - Sep 30 3:00 0 - ! Rule Gaza 1966 max - Oct 1 3:00 0 - # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] Zone Asia/Gaza 2:17:52 - LMT 1900 Oct 2:00 - EET 1957 May 10 ! 2:00 Gaza EET%s 1967 Jun 30 2:00 Zion I%sT # This will undoubtedly change soon. --- 745,760 ---- # Palestine # These rules for Egypt are stolen from the `africa' file. # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S ! Rule EgyptAsia 1957 only - May 10 0:00 1:00 " DST" ! Rule EgyptAsia 1957 1958 - Oct 1 0:00 0 - ! Rule EgyptAsia 1958 only - May 1 0:00 1:00 " DST" ! Rule EgyptAsia 1959 1981 - May 1 1:00 1:00 " DST" ! Rule EgyptAsia 1959 1965 - Sep 30 3:00 0 - ! Rule EgyptAsia 1966 max - Oct 1 3:00 0 - # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] Zone Asia/Gaza 2:17:52 - LMT 1900 Oct 2:00 - EET 1957 May 10 ! 2:00 EgyptAsia EET%s 1967 Jun 30 2:00 Zion I%sT # This will undoubtedly change soon. *************** *** 835,841 **** # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] Zone Asia/Dushanbe 4:35:12 - LMT 1924 May 2 5:00 - DSK 1957 Mar ! 6:00 Russia DS%s 1991 6:00 - DSK # Shanks has Dushanbe at 5:00 (6:00 summer) after 1991 Sep 29 3:00, # but usno1995 has it at 6:00. Go with usno1995. --- 845,851 ---- # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] Zone Asia/Dushanbe 4:35:12 - LMT 1924 May 2 5:00 - DSK 1957 Mar ! 6:00 RussiaAsia DS%s 1991 6:00 - DSK # Shanks has Dushanbe at 5:00 (6:00 summer) after 1991 Sep 29 3:00, # but usno1995 has it at 6:00. Go with usno1995. *************** *** 850,856 **** # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] Zone Asia/Ashkhabad 3:53:32 - LMT 1924 May 2 4:00 - ASK 1957 Mar ! 5:00 Russia AS%s 1991 5:00 - ASK # Shanks has Ashkhabad at 4:00 (5:00 summer) after 1991 Sep 20 3:00, # but usno has it at 5:00. Go with usno1995. --- 860,866 ---- # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] Zone Asia/Ashkhabad 3:53:32 - LMT 1924 May 2 4:00 - ASK 1957 Mar ! 5:00 RussiaAsia AS%s 1991 5:00 - ASK # Shanks has Ashkhabad at 4:00 (5:00 summer) after 1991 Sep 20 3:00, # but usno has it at 5:00. Go with usno1995. *************** *** 864,870 **** # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] Zone Asia/Tashkent 4:37:12 - LMT 1924 May 2 5:00 - TSK 1957 Mar ! 6:00 Russia TS%s 1991 Mar 31 2:00s 5:00 1:00 TSD 1991 Sep 29 2:00s 5:00 - TSK # Shanks has Tashkent using DST after 1991, but usno1995 says they don't. --- 874,880 ---- # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] Zone Asia/Tashkent 4:37:12 - LMT 1924 May 2 5:00 - TSK 1957 Mar ! 6:00 RussiaAsia TS%s 1991 Mar 31 2:00s 5:00 1:00 TSD 1991 Sep 29 2:00s 5:00 - TSK # Shanks has Tashkent using DST after 1991, but usno1995 says they don't. =================================================================== RCS file: RCS/europe,v retrieving revision 1996.7.1.1 retrieving revision 1996.7.1.2 diff -c -r1996.7.1.1 -r1996.7.1.2 *** europe 1996/05/03 18:20:46 1996.7.1.1 --- europe 1996/05/06 08:03:14 1996.7.1.2 *************** *** 36,42 **** # 5:00 ESK ESD Yekaterinburg (was 4:00) (was SSK, SSD)* # 6:00 OSK OSD Omsk (was 5:00)* # 6:00 NSK NSD Novosibirsk (was 7:00) ! # 7:00 TSK TSD Tomsk (was 6:00)* # 8:00 ISK ISD Irkutsk (was 7:00)* # 9:00 YSK YSD Yakutsk (was 8:00)* # 10:00 VSK VSD Vladivostok (was 9:00)* --- 36,42 ---- # 5:00 ESK ESD Yekaterinburg (was 4:00) (was SSK, SSD)* # 6:00 OSK OSD Omsk (was 5:00)* # 6:00 NSK NSD Novosibirsk (was 7:00) ! # 7:00 KRSK KRSD Krasnoyarsk (was 6:00) # 8:00 ISK ISD Irkutsk (was 7:00)* # 9:00 YSK YSD Yakutsk (was 8:00)* # 10:00 VSK VSD Vladivostok (was 9:00)* *************** *** 600,605 **** --- 600,610 ---- # 1995-97 is now in place. The Summer Time Order 1994 (SI 1994/2798) # came into force on 16 November. It restates the dates from the EC # seventh Summer Time Directive.... + # + # From Peter Ilieve <peter(a)aldie.co.uk> (1996-04-20): + # Proposals for the eighth directive were supposed to have been produced + # by the Commission by 1 Jan 96. They have not yet appeared (I asked just + # before Easter). # From Peter Ilieve <peter(a)memex.co.uk> (March 28, 1994): # The [GB-Eire] end date of 22 October [1995] conflicts with your current rule *************** *** 715,735 **** Rule GB-Eire 1981 1995 - Mar lastSun 1:00u 1:00 BST Rule GB-Eire 1981 1989 - Oct Sun>=23 1:00u 0 GMT Rule GB-Eire 1990 1995 - Oct Sun>=22 1:00u 0 GMT ! # See EC for rules starting in 1996. # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] Zone Europe/London -0:01:15 - LMT 1847 Sep 22 0:00 GB-Eire %s 1968 Feb 18 2:00 1:00 - BST 1971 Oct 31 2:00 0:00 GB-Eire %s 1996 ! 0:00 EC GMT/BST Zone Europe/Belfast -0:23:40 - LMT 1880 Aug 2 -0:25:21 - DMT 1916 May 21 2:00 # Dublin MT -0:25:21 1:00 DST 1916 Oct 1 3:00 0:00 GB-Eire %s 1968 Feb 18 2:00 1:00 - BST 1971 Oct 31 3:00 0:00 GB-Eire %s 1996 ! 0:00 EC GMT/BST Zone Europe/Dublin -0:25:21 - LMT 1880 Aug 2 -0:25:21 - DMT 1916 May 21 2:00 # Dublin MT -0:25:21 1:00 DST 1916 Oct 1 3:00 --- 720,740 ---- Rule GB-Eire 1981 1995 - Mar lastSun 1:00u 1:00 BST Rule GB-Eire 1981 1989 - Oct Sun>=23 1:00u 0 GMT Rule GB-Eire 1990 1995 - Oct Sun>=22 1:00u 0 GMT ! # See EU for rules starting in 1996. # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] Zone Europe/London -0:01:15 - LMT 1847 Sep 22 0:00 GB-Eire %s 1968 Feb 18 2:00 1:00 - BST 1971 Oct 31 2:00 0:00 GB-Eire %s 1996 ! 0:00 EU GMT/BST Zone Europe/Belfast -0:23:40 - LMT 1880 Aug 2 -0:25:21 - DMT 1916 May 21 2:00 # Dublin MT -0:25:21 1:00 DST 1916 Oct 1 3:00 0:00 GB-Eire %s 1968 Feb 18 2:00 1:00 - BST 1971 Oct 31 3:00 0:00 GB-Eire %s 1996 ! 0:00 EU GMT/BST Zone Europe/Dublin -0:25:21 - LMT 1880 Aug 2 -0:25:21 - DMT 1916 May 21 2:00 # Dublin MT -0:25:21 1:00 DST 1916 Oct 1 3:00 *************** *** 741,763 **** 0:00 GB-Eire %s 1968 Feb 18 2:00 1:00 - BST 1971 Oct 31 3:00 0:00 GB-Eire %s 1996 ! 0:00 EC GMT/BST ############################################################################### # Continental Europe ! # EC rules are for the European Community. # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S ! Rule EC 1977 1980 - Apr Sun>=1 1:00u 1:00 " DST" ! Rule EC 1977 only - Sep lastSun 1:00u 0 - ! Rule EC 1978 only - Oct 1 1:00u 0 - ! Rule EC 1979 1995 - Sep lastSun 1:00u 0 - ! Rule EC 1981 max - Mar lastSun 1:00u 1:00 " DST" ! Rule EC 1996 max - Oct lastSun 1:00u 0 - ! # W-Eur differs from EC only in that W-Eur uses standard time. Rule W-Eur 1977 1980 - Apr Sun>=1 1:00s 1:00 " DST" Rule W-Eur 1977 only - Sep lastSun 1:00s 0 - Rule W-Eur 1978 only - Oct 1 1:00s 0 - --- 746,769 ---- 0:00 GB-Eire %s 1968 Feb 18 2:00 1:00 - BST 1971 Oct 31 3:00 0:00 GB-Eire %s 1996 ! 0:00 EU GMT/BST ############################################################################### # Continental Europe ! # EU rules are for the European Union, previously known as the EC, EEC, ! # Common Market, etc. # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S ! Rule EU 1977 1980 - Apr Sun>=1 1:00u 1:00 " DST" ! Rule EU 1977 only - Sep lastSun 1:00u 0 - ! Rule EU 1978 only - Oct 1 1:00u 0 - ! Rule EU 1979 1995 - Sep lastSun 1:00u 0 - ! Rule EU 1981 max - Mar lastSun 1:00u 1:00 " DST" ! Rule EU 1996 max - Oct lastSun 1:00u 0 - ! # W-Eur differs from EU only in that W-Eur uses standard time. Rule W-Eur 1977 1980 - Apr Sun>=1 1:00s 1:00 " DST" Rule W-Eur 1977 only - Sep lastSun 1:00s 0 - Rule W-Eur 1978 only - Oct 1 1:00s 0 - *************** *** 766,782 **** Rule W-Eur 1996 max - Oct lastSun 1:00s 0 - # Older M-Eur rules are for convenience in the tables. ! # From 1977 on, M-Eur differs from EC only in that M-Eur uses standard time. Rule M-Eur 1916 only - Apr 30 23:00 1:00 " DST" Rule M-Eur 1916 only - Oct 1 1:00 0 - Rule M-Eur 1917 1918 - Apr Mon>=15 2:00s 1:00 " DST" Rule M-Eur 1917 1918 - Sep Mon>=15 2:00s 0 - Rule M-Eur 1940 only - Apr 1 2:00s 1:00 " DST" ! # Shanks says DST was continuous from 1940 Apr 1 to 1942 Nov 2; go with Whitman. ! Rule M-Eur 1940 only - Dec 31 2:00s 0 - ! Rule M-Eur 1941 only - Feb 25 2:00s 1:00 " DST" ! Rule M-Eur 1941 only - Oct 5 2:00s 0 - ! Rule M-Eur 1942 only - Jan 1 2:00s 1:00 " DST" Rule M-Eur 1942 only - Nov 2 2:00s 0 - Rule M-Eur 1943 only - Mar 29 2:00s 1:00 " DST" Rule M-Eur 1943 only - Oct 4 2:00s 0 - --- 772,784 ---- Rule W-Eur 1996 max - Oct lastSun 1:00s 0 - # Older M-Eur rules are for convenience in the tables. ! # From 1977 on, M-Eur differs from EU only in that M-Eur uses standard time. Rule M-Eur 1916 only - Apr 30 23:00 1:00 " DST" Rule M-Eur 1916 only - Oct 1 1:00 0 - Rule M-Eur 1917 1918 - Apr Mon>=15 2:00s 1:00 " DST" Rule M-Eur 1917 1918 - Sep Mon>=15 2:00s 0 - Rule M-Eur 1940 only - Apr 1 2:00s 1:00 " DST" ! # Whitman says 1941 DST was only from Feb 25 to Oct 5; go with Shanks. Rule M-Eur 1942 only - Nov 2 2:00s 0 - Rule M-Eur 1943 only - Mar 29 2:00s 1:00 " DST" Rule M-Eur 1943 only - Oct 4 2:00s 0 - *************** *** 813,821 **** # These are for backward compatibility with older versions. # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] ! Zone WET 0:00 EC WET%s Zone MET 1:00 M-Eur MET%s ! Zone EET 2:00 EC EET%s # Tom Hoffman says that MET is also known as Central European Time --- 815,823 ---- # These are for backward compatibility with older versions. # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] ! Zone WET 0:00 EU WET%s Zone MET 1:00 M-Eur MET%s ! Zone EET 2:00 EU EET%s # Tom Hoffman says that MET is also known as Central European Time *************** *** 854,867 **** 1:00 - MET 1940 Jun 16 1:00 Albania MET%s 1985 Mar 31 1:00 1:00 W-Eur MET%s ! # This may change to `EC' soon. # Andorra # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] Zone Europe/Andorra 0:06:04 - LMT 1901 0:00 - WET 1946 Sep 30 1:00 - MET 1985 Mar 31 2:00 ! 1:00 EC MET%s # Austria # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S --- 856,869 ---- 1:00 - MET 1940 Jun 16 1:00 Albania MET%s 1985 Mar 31 1:00 1:00 W-Eur MET%s ! # This may change to `EU' soon. # Andorra # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] Zone Europe/Andorra 0:06:04 - LMT 1901 0:00 - WET 1946 Sep 30 1:00 - MET 1985 Mar 31 2:00 ! 1:00 EU MET%s # Austria # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S *************** *** 879,885 **** 1:00 Austria MET%s 1940 Apr 1 2:00 1:00 M-Eur MET%s 1945 Apr 2 2:00 1:00 Austria MET%s 1981 ! 1:00 EC MET%s # Belarus # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] --- 881,887 ---- 1:00 Austria MET%s 1940 Apr 1 2:00 1:00 M-Eur MET%s 1945 Apr 2 2:00 1:00 Austria MET%s 1981 ! 1:00 EU MET%s # Belarus # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] *************** *** 890,896 **** 3:00 Russia MS%s 1991 Mar 31 2:00s 2:00 1:00 "EET DST" 1991 Sep 29 2:00s 2:00 M-Eur EET%s ! # This may change to `EC' soon. # Belgium # Whitman and Shanks disagree; go with Shanks, usually. --- 892,898 ---- 3:00 Russia MS%s 1991 Mar 31 2:00s 2:00 1:00 "EET DST" 1991 Sep 29 2:00s 2:00 M-Eur EET%s ! # This may change to `EU' soon. # Belgium # Whitman and Shanks disagree; go with Shanks, usually. *************** *** 938,944 **** 0:00 Belgium WET%s 1940 Feb 24 23:00 1:00 M-Eur MET%s 1945 Apr 2 2:00 1:00 Belgium MET%s 1977 ! 1:00 EC MET%s # Bosnia and Herzegovina # They switched from the Julian to the Gregorian calendar on 1918 Mar 18. --- 940,946 ---- 0:00 Belgium WET%s 1940 Feb 24 23:00 1:00 M-Eur MET%s 1945 Apr 2 2:00 1:00 Belgium MET%s 1977 ! 1:00 EU MET%s # Bosnia and Herzegovina # They switched from the Julian to the Gregorian calendar on 1918 Mar 18. *************** *** 948,954 **** 1:00 M-Eur MET%s 1945 May 8 2:00s 1:00 1:00 "MET DST" 1945 Sep 16 2:00s 1:00 - MET 1983 ! 1:00 EC MET%s # Bulgaria # Part switched from the Julian to the Gregorian calendar on 1915 Nov 14; --- 950,956 ---- 1:00 M-Eur MET%s 1945 May 8 2:00s 1:00 1:00 "MET DST" 1945 Sep 16 2:00s 1:00 - MET 1983 ! 1:00 EU MET%s # Bulgaria # Part switched from the Julian to the Gregorian calendar on 1915 Nov 14; *************** *** 967,973 **** 2:00 - EET 1979 Mar 31 23:00 2:00 Bulg EET%s 1982 Sep 26 2:00 2:00 M-Eur EET%s ! # This may change to `EC' soon. # Croatia # They switched from the Julian to the Gregorian calendar on 1918 Mar 18. --- 969,975 ---- 2:00 - EET 1979 Mar 31 23:00 2:00 Bulg EET%s 1982 Sep 26 2:00 2:00 M-Eur EET%s ! # This may change to `EU' soon. # Croatia # They switched from the Julian to the Gregorian calendar on 1918 Mar 18. *************** *** 977,983 **** 1:00 M-Eur MET%s 1945 May 8 2:00s 1:00 1:00 "MET DST" 1945 Sep 16 2:00s 1:00 - MET 1983 ! 1:00 EC MET%s # Czech Republic # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S --- 979,985 ---- 1:00 M-Eur MET%s 1945 May 8 2:00s 1:00 1:00 "MET DST" 1945 Sep 16 2:00s 1:00 - MET 1983 ! 1:00 EU MET%s # Czech Republic # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S *************** *** 993,999 **** 0:58 - PMT 1891 Oct # Prague Mean Time 1:00 M-Eur MET%s 1944 Sep 17 2:00s 1:00 Czech MET%s 1979 ! 1:00 EC MET%s # Denmark # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S --- 995,1001 ---- 0:58 - PMT 1891 Oct # Prague Mean Time 1:00 M-Eur MET%s 1944 Sep 17 2:00s 1:00 Czech MET%s 1979 ! 1:00 EU MET%s # Denmark # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S *************** *** 1018,1027 **** 1:00 Denmark MET%s 1942 Nov 2 2:00s 1:00 M-Eur MET%s 1945 Apr 2 2:00 1:00 Denmark MET%s 1980 ! 1:00 EC MET%s Zone Atlantic/Faeroe -0:27:04 - LMT 1908 Jan 11 # Torshavn 0:00 - WET 1981 ! 0:00 EC WET%s Zone America/Scoresbysund -1:29:00 - LMT 1916 Jul 28 -2:00 - MGT 1980 Apr 6 2:00 -2:00 M-Eur MGT%s 1981 Mar 29 --- 1020,1029 ---- 1:00 Denmark MET%s 1942 Nov 2 2:00s 1:00 M-Eur MET%s 1945 Apr 2 2:00 1:00 Denmark MET%s 1980 ! 1:00 EU MET%s Zone Atlantic/Faeroe -0:27:04 - LMT 1908 Jan 11 # Torshavn 0:00 - WET 1981 ! 0:00 EU WET%s Zone America/Scoresbysund -1:29:00 - LMT 1916 Jul 28 -2:00 - MGT 1980 Apr 6 2:00 -2:00 M-Eur MGT%s 1981 Mar 29 *************** *** 1050,1056 **** 3:00 Russia MS%s 1989 Mar 26 2:00s 2:00 1:00 "EET DST" 1989 Sep 24 2:00s 2:00 M-Eur EET%s ! # This may change to `EC' soon. # Finland # --- 1052,1058 ---- 3:00 Russia MS%s 1989 Mar 26 2:00s 2:00 1:00 "EET DST" 1989 Sep 24 2:00s 2:00 M-Eur EET%s ! # This may change to `EU' soon. # Finland # *************** *** 1069,1075 **** Zone Europe/Helsinki 1:39:52 - LMT 1878 May 31 1:40 - HMT 1921 May # Helsinki Mean Time 2:00 Finland EET%s 1981 Mar 29 2:00 ! 2:00 EC EET%s # France # Shanks seems to use `24:00' ambiguously; we resolve it with Whitman. --- 1071,1077 ---- Zone Europe/Helsinki 1:39:52 - LMT 1878 May 31 1:40 - HMT 1921 May # Helsinki Mean Time 2:00 Finland EET%s 1981 Mar 29 2:00 ! 2:00 EU EET%s # France # Shanks seems to use `24:00' ambiguously; we resolve it with Whitman. *************** *** 1130,1136 **** 1:00 M-Eur MET%s 1944 Aug 25 0:00 France WET%s 1945 Sep 16 3:00 1:00 France MET%s 1977 ! 1:00 EC MET%s # Germany # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S --- 1132,1138 ---- 1:00 M-Eur MET%s 1944 Aug 25 0:00 France WET%s 1945 Sep 16 3:00 1:00 France MET%s 1977 ! 1:00 EU MET%s # Germany # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S *************** *** 1150,1163 **** Zone Europe/Berlin 0:53:28 - LMT 1893 Apr 1:00 M-Eur MET%s 1945 Apr 2 2:00 1:00 Germany MET%s 1980 ! 1:00 EC MET%s # Gibraltar # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] Zone Europe/Gibraltar -0:21:24 - LMT 1880 Aug 2 0:00 GB-Eire %s 1957 Apr 14 2:00 1:00 - MET 1982 ! 1:00 EC MET%s # Greece # They adopted the Julian calendar in 1846. --- 1152,1165 ---- Zone Europe/Berlin 0:53:28 - LMT 1893 Apr 1:00 M-Eur MET%s 1945 Apr 2 2:00 1:00 Germany MET%s 1980 ! 1:00 EU MET%s # Gibraltar # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] Zone Europe/Gibraltar -0:21:24 - LMT 1880 Aug 2 0:00 GB-Eire %s 1957 Apr 14 2:00 1:00 - MET 1982 ! 1:00 EU MET%s # Greece # They adopted the Julian calendar in 1846. *************** *** 1194,1201 **** 1:00 Greece MET%s 1944 Apr 4 2:00 Greece EET%s 1981 # Shanks says they switched to M-Eur in 1981; ! # go with EC intead, since Greece joined it on Jan 1. ! 2:00 EC EET%s # Hungary # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S --- 1196,1203 ---- 1:00 Greece MET%s 1944 Apr 4 2:00 Greece EET%s 1981 # Shanks says they switched to M-Eur in 1981; ! # go with EU intead, since Greece joined it on Jan 1. ! 2:00 EU EET%s # Hungary # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S *************** *** 1225,1231 **** 1:00 Hungary MET%s 1941 Apr 6 2:00 1:00 M-Eur MET%s 1945 May 1 23:00 1:00 Hungary MET%s 1980 Sep 28 2:00s ! 1:00 EC MET%s # Iceland # --- 1227,1233 ---- 1:00 Hungary MET%s 1941 Apr 6 2:00 1:00 M-Eur MET%s 1945 May 1 23:00 1:00 Hungary MET%s 1980 Sep 28 2:00s ! 1:00 EU MET%s # Iceland # *************** *** 1290,1310 **** 0:00 - GMT # Italy # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S - # Shanks gives transition times of 1916-1920 as 24:00; go with Whitman. Rule Italy 1916 only - Jun 3 0:00s 1:00 " DST" ! Rule Italy 1916 only - Sep 30 0:00s 0 - ! Rule Italy 1917 only - Mar 31 0:00s 1:00 " DST" Rule Italy 1917 only - Sep 30 0:00s 0 - ! Rule Italy 1918 only - Mar 9 0:00s 1:00 " DST" Rule Italy 1918 1919 - Oct Sun>=1 0:00s 0 - ! Rule Italy 1919 only - Mar 1 0:00s 1:00 " DST" ! Rule Italy 1920 only - Mar 20 0:00s 1:00 " DST" ! # Shanks gives 1920 Sep 18; go with Whitman. ! Rule Italy 1920 only - Oct 1 0:00s 0 - ! Rule Italy 1940 only - Jun 15 0:00 1:00 " DST" Rule Italy 1945 only - Apr 2 2:00 1:00 " DST" ! Rule Italy 1945 only - Sep 17 0:00 0 - Rule Italy 1946 only - Mar 17 2:00s 1:00 " DST" Rule Italy 1946 only - Oct 6 2:00s 0 - Rule Italy 1947 only - Mar 16 0:00s 1:00 " DST" --- 1292,1334 ---- 0:00 - GMT # Italy + # From Paul Eggert (1996-05-06): + # For Italian DST we have three sources: Shanks, Whitman, and F. Pollastri + # <http://pisolo.cstv.to.cnr.it/toi/it/ienitlt.html> (see `FP' below), + # taken from a publication of the Italian National Electrotechnical Institute. + # When the three sources disagree, guess who's right, as follows: + # + # year FP Shanks (S) Whitman (W) Go with: + # 1916 06-03 06-03 24:00 06-03 00:00 FP & W + # 09-30 09-30 24:00 09-30 01:00 FP; guess 24:00s + # 1917 04-01 03-31 24:00 03-31 00:00 FP & S + # 09-30 09-29 24:00 09-30 01:00 FP & W + # 1918 03-09 03-09 24:00 03-09 00:00 FP & S + # 10-06 10-05 24:00 10-06 01:00 FP & W + # 1919 03-01 03-01 24:00 03-01 00:00 FP & S + # 10-04 10-04 24:00 10-04 01:00 FP; guess 24:00s + # 1920 03-20 03-20 24:00 03-20 00:00 FP & S + # 09-18 09-18 24:00 10-01 01:00 FP; guess 24:00s + # 1944 04-02 04-03 02:00 S (see M-Eur) + # 09-16 10-02 03:00 FP; guess 24:00s + # 1945 09-14 09-16 24:00 FP; guess 24:00s + # 1970 05-21 05-31 00:00 S + # 09-20 09-27 00:00 S + # # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S Rule Italy 1916 only - Jun 3 0:00s 1:00 " DST" ! Rule Italy 1916 only - Oct 1 0:00s 0 - ! Rule Italy 1917 only - Apr 1 0:00s 1:00 " DST" Rule Italy 1917 only - Sep 30 0:00s 0 - ! Rule Italy 1918 only - Mar 10 0:00s 1:00 " DST" Rule Italy 1918 1919 - Oct Sun>=1 0:00s 0 - ! Rule Italy 1919 only - Mar 2 0:00s 1:00 " DST" ! Rule Italy 1920 only - Mar 21 0:00s 1:00 " DST" ! Rule Italy 1920 only - Sep 19 0:00s 0 - ! Rule Italy 1940 only - Jun 15 0:00s 1:00 " DST" ! Rule Italy 1944 only - Sep 17 0:00s 0 - Rule Italy 1945 only - Apr 2 2:00 1:00 " DST" ! Rule Italy 1945 only - Sep 15 0:00s 0 - Rule Italy 1946 only - Mar 17 2:00s 1:00 " DST" Rule Italy 1946 only - Oct 6 2:00s 0 - Rule Italy 1947 only - Mar 16 0:00s 1:00 " DST" *************** *** 1332,1340 **** Zone Europe/Rome 0:49:56 - LMT 1866 Sep 22 0:50 - RMT 1893 Nov # Rome Mean Time 1:00 Italy MET%s 1942 Nov 2 2:00s ! 1:00 M-Eur MET%s 1945 Apr 2 2:00s 1:00 Italy MET%s 1980 ! 1:00 EC MET%s Link Europe/Rome Europe/Vatican Link Europe/Rome Europe/San_Marino --- 1356,1364 ---- Zone Europe/Rome 0:49:56 - LMT 1866 Sep 22 0:50 - RMT 1893 Nov # Rome Mean Time 1:00 Italy MET%s 1942 Nov 2 2:00s ! 1:00 M-Eur MET%s 1944 Jul 1:00 Italy MET%s 1980 ! 1:00 EU MET%s Link Europe/Rome Europe/Vatican Link Europe/Rome Europe/San_Marino *************** *** 1353,1365 **** 3:00 Russia MS%s 1991 Mar 31 2:00s 2:00 1:00 "EET DST" 1991 Sep 29 2:00s 2:00 M-Eur EET%s ! # This may change to `EC' soon. # Liechtenstein # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] Zone Europe/Vaduz 0:38:04 - LMT 1894 Jun 1:00 - MET 1981 ! 1:00 EC MET%s # Lithuania # They switched from the Julian to the Gregorian calendar on 1918 Feb 15. --- 1377,1389 ---- 3:00 Russia MS%s 1991 Mar 31 2:00s 2:00 1:00 "EET DST" 1991 Sep 29 2:00s 2:00 M-Eur EET%s ! # This may change to `EU' soon. # Liechtenstein # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] Zone Europe/Vaduz 0:38:04 - LMT 1894 Jun 1:00 - MET 1981 ! 1:00 EU MET%s # Lithuania # They switched from the Julian to the Gregorian calendar on 1918 Feb 15. *************** *** 1375,1381 **** 3:00 Russia MS%s 1991 Mar 31 2:00s 2:00 1:00 "EET DST" 1991 Sep 29 2:00s 2:00 M-Eur EET%s ! # This may change to `EC' soon. # Luxembourg # Whitman disagrees with most of these dates in minor ways; go with Shanks. --- 1399,1405 ---- 3:00 Russia MS%s 1991 Mar 31 2:00s 2:00 1:00 "EET DST" 1991 Sep 29 2:00s 2:00 M-Eur EET%s ! # This may change to `EU' soon. # Luxembourg # Whitman disagrees with most of these dates in minor ways; go with Shanks. *************** *** 1410,1416 **** 0:00 Belgium WET%s 1940 May 14 3:00 1:00 M-Eur WET%s 1944 Sep 18 3:00 1:00 Belgium MET%s 1977 ! 1:00 EC MET%s # Macedonia # They switched from the Julian to the Gregorian calendar on 1918 Mar 18. --- 1434,1440 ---- 0:00 Belgium WET%s 1940 May 14 3:00 1:00 M-Eur WET%s 1944 Sep 18 3:00 1:00 Belgium MET%s 1977 ! 1:00 EU MET%s # Macedonia # They switched from the Julian to the Gregorian calendar on 1918 Mar 18. *************** *** 1420,1426 **** 1:00 M-Eur MET%s 1945 May 8 2:00s 1:00 1:00 "MET DST" 1945 Sep 16 2:00s 1:00 - MET 1983 ! 1:00 EC MET%s # Malta # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S --- 1444,1450 ---- 1:00 M-Eur MET%s 1945 May 8 2:00s 1:00 1:00 "MET DST" 1945 Sep 16 2:00s 1:00 - MET 1983 ! 1:00 EU MET%s # Malta # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S *************** *** 1437,1443 **** 1:00 M-Eur MET%s 1945 Apr 2 2:00s 1:00 Italy MET%s 1973 Mar 31 1:00 Malta MET%s 1981 ! 1:00 EC MET%s # Moldova # They switched from the Julian to the Gregorian calendar on 1919 Mar 18. --- 1461,1467 ---- 1:00 M-Eur MET%s 1945 Apr 2 2:00s 1:00 Italy MET%s 1973 Mar 31 1:00 Malta MET%s 1981 ! 1:00 EU MET%s # Moldova # They switched from the Julian to the Gregorian calendar on 1919 Mar 18. *************** *** 1447,1453 **** 3:00 Russia MS%s 1991 Mar 31 2:00s 2:00 1:00 "EET DST" 1991 Sep 29 2:00s 2:00 M-Eur EET%s ! # This may change to `EC' soon. # Monaco # Shanks gives 0:09 for Paris Mean Time; go with Howse's more precise 0:09:21. --- 1471,1477 ---- 3:00 Russia MS%s 1991 Mar 31 2:00s 2:00 1:00 "EET DST" 1991 Sep 29 2:00s 2:00 M-Eur EET%s ! # This may change to `EU' soon. # Monaco # Shanks gives 0:09 for Paris Mean Time; go with Howse's more precise 0:09:21. *************** *** 1456,1462 **** 0:09:21 - PMT 1911 Mar 11 # Paris Mean Time 0:00 France WET%s 1945 Sep 16 3:00 1:00 France MET%s 1977 ! 1:00 EC MET%s # Netherlands # Howse writes that the Netherlands' railways used GMT between 1892 and 1940, --- 1480,1486 ---- 0:09:21 - PMT 1911 Mar 11 # Paris Mean Time 0:00 France WET%s 1945 Sep 16 3:00 1:00 France MET%s 1977 ! 1:00 EU MET%s # Netherlands # Howse writes that the Netherlands' railways used GMT between 1892 and 1940, *************** *** 1493,1499 **** 0:20 Neth %s 1940 May 16 0:40 1:00 M-Eur MET%s 1945 Apr 2 2:00 1:00 Neth MET%s 1977 ! 1:00 EC MET%s # Norway # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S --- 1517,1523 ---- 0:20 Neth %s 1940 May 16 0:40 1:00 M-Eur MET%s 1945 Apr 2 2:00 1:00 Neth MET%s 1977 ! 1:00 EU MET%s # Norway # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S *************** *** 1514,1520 **** 1:00 Norway MET%s 1940 Aug 10 23:00 1:00 M-Eur MET%s 1945 Apr 2 2:00 1:00 Norway MET%s 1980 ! 1:00 EC MET%s # Svalbard is like Europe/Oslo. # # From Whitman: --- 1538,1544 ---- 1:00 Norway MET%s 1940 Aug 10 23:00 1:00 M-Eur MET%s 1945 Apr 2 2:00 1:00 Norway MET%s 1980 ! 1:00 EU MET%s # Svalbard is like Europe/Oslo. # # From Whitman: *************** *** 1555,1561 **** 1:00 M-Eur MET%s 1944 Oct 1:00 Poland MET%s 1977 Apr 3 1:00 1:00 W-Eur MET%s ! # This may change to `EC' soon. # Portugal # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S --- 1579,1585 ---- 1:00 M-Eur MET%s 1944 Oct 1:00 Poland MET%s 1977 Apr 3 1:00 1:00 W-Eur MET%s ! # This may change to `EU' soon. # Portugal # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S *************** *** 1625,1640 **** 0:00 Port WET%s 1966 Apr 3 2:00 1:00 - MET 1976 Sep 26 1:00 0:00 Port WET%s 1983 Sep 25 1:00s ! 0:00 EC WET%s 1992 Sep 27 1:00s # From Rui Pedro Salgueiro <rps(a)inescca.inescc.pt> (November 12, 1992): # Portugal has recently (September, 27) changed timezone # (from WET to MET or CET) to harmonize with EEC. ! 1:00 EC MET%s 1996 Mar 31 1:00u # Martin Bruckmann <martin(a)ua.pt> (1996-02-29) reports via Peter Ilieve # that Portugal is reverting to 0:00 by not moving its clocks this spring. # The new Prime Minister was fed up with getting up in the dark in the winter. 0:00 1:00 "WET DST" 1996 Oct 27 1:00u ! 0:00 EC WET%s # We don't know what happened to Madeira or the Azores, # so we'll just use Shanks for now. # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] --- 1649,1664 ---- 0:00 Port WET%s 1966 Apr 3 2:00 1:00 - MET 1976 Sep 26 1:00 0:00 Port WET%s 1983 Sep 25 1:00s ! 0:00 EU WET%s 1992 Sep 27 1:00s # From Rui Pedro Salgueiro <rps(a)inescca.inescc.pt> (November 12, 1992): # Portugal has recently (September, 27) changed timezone # (from WET to MET or CET) to harmonize with EEC. ! 1:00 EU MET%s 1996 Mar 31 1:00u # Martin Bruckmann <martin(a)ua.pt> (1996-02-29) reports via Peter Ilieve # that Portugal is reverting to 0:00 by not moving its clocks this spring. # The new Prime Minister was fed up with getting up in the dark in the winter. 0:00 1:00 "WET DST" 1996 Oct 27 1:00u ! 0:00 EU WET%s # We don't know what happened to Madeira or the Azores, # so we'll just use Shanks for now. # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] *************** *** 1649,1655 **** -1:00 Port ACT%s 1966 Apr 3 2:00 0:00 - WET 1977 Mar 27 0:00 Port WET%s 1983 Sep 25 1:00s ! 0:00 EC WET%s # Romania # Catholic Romania switched from the Julian to the Gregorian calendar on --- 1673,1679 ---- -1:00 Port ACT%s 1966 Apr 3 2:00 0:00 - WET 1977 Mar 27 0:00 Port WET%s 1983 Sep 25 1:00s ! 0:00 EU WET%s # Romania # Catholic Romania switched from the Julian to the Gregorian calendar on *************** *** 1667,1673 **** 1:44 - BMT 1931 Jul 24 # Bucharest MT 2:00 Romania EET%s 1981 Mar 29 2:00s 2:00 M-Eur EET%s ! # This may change to `EC' soon. # Russia # From Paul Eggert <eggert(a)twinsun.com> (May 28, 1994): --- 1691,1697 ---- 1:44 - BMT 1931 Jul 24 # Bucharest MT 2:00 Romania EET%s 1981 Mar 29 2:00s 2:00 M-Eur EET%s ! # This may change to `EU' soon. # Russia # From Paul Eggert <eggert(a)twinsun.com> (May 28, 1994): *************** *** 1714,1720 **** # I do not know why they have decided to make this change; # as far as I remember it was done exactly during winter->summer switching # so we (Novosibirsk) simply did not switch. - # Tomsk is still 4 hours ahead of Moscow. Zone Asia/Novosibirsk 5:31:40 - LMT 1924 May 2 6:00 - NSK 1957 Mar 7:00 Russia NS%s 1991 Mar 31 2:00s --- 1738,1743 ---- *************** *** 1723,1734 **** 7:00 Russia NS%s 1994 Mar 27 2:00s 6:00 1:00 NSD 1994 Sep 25 2:00s 6:00 Russia NS%s ! Zone Asia/Tomsk 5:39:52 - LMT 1924 May 2 ! 6:00 - TSK 1957 Mar ! 7:00 Russia TS%s 1991 Mar 31 2:00s ! 6:00 1:00 TSD 1991 Sep 29 2:00s ! 6:00 - TSK 1992 Jan 19 2:00s ! 7:00 Russia TS%s Zone Asia/Irkutsk 6:57:20 - LMT 1880 6:57 - LST 1924 May 2 7:00 - ISK 1957 Mar --- 1746,1757 ---- 7:00 Russia NS%s 1994 Mar 27 2:00s 6:00 1:00 NSD 1994 Sep 25 2:00s 6:00 Russia NS%s ! Zone Asia/Krasnoyarsk 6:11:20 - LMT 1924 May 2 ! 6:00 - KRSK 1957 Mar ! 7:00 Russia KRS%s 1991 Mar 31 2:00s ! 6:00 1:00 KRSD 1991 Sep 29 2:00s ! 6:00 - KRSK 1992 Jan 19 2:00s ! 7:00 Russia KRS%s Zone Asia/Irkutsk 6:57:20 - LMT 1880 6:57 - LST 1924 May 2 7:00 - ISK 1957 Mar *************** *** 1780,1786 **** 1:00 M-Eur MET%s 1945 May 8 2:00s 1:00 1:00 "MET DST" 1945 Sep 16 2:00s 1:00 - MET 1983 ! 1:00 EC MET%s # Spain # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S --- 1803,1809 ---- 1:00 M-Eur MET%s 1945 May 8 2:00s 1:00 1:00 "MET DST" 1945 Sep 16 2:00s 1:00 - MET 1983 ! 1:00 EU MET%s # Spain # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S *************** *** 1825,1836 **** Zone Europe/Madrid -0:14:44 - LMT 1901 0:00 Spain WET%s 1946 Sep 30 1:00 Spain MET%s 1979 ! 1:00 EC MET%s Zone Atlantic/Canary -1:01:36 - LMT 1922 Mar # Las Palmas de Gran C. -1:00 - ACT 1946 Sep 30 1:00 0:00 - WET 1980 Apr 6 0:00s 0:00 1:00 "WET DST" 1980 Sep 28 0:00s ! 0:00 EC WET%s # Sweden # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] --- 1848,1859 ---- Zone Europe/Madrid -0:14:44 - LMT 1901 0:00 Spain WET%s 1946 Sep 30 1:00 Spain MET%s 1979 ! 1:00 EU MET%s Zone Atlantic/Canary -1:01:36 - LMT 1922 Mar # Las Palmas de Gran C. -1:00 - ACT 1946 Sep 30 1:00 0:00 - WET 1980 Apr 6 0:00s 0:00 1:00 "WET DST" 1980 Sep 28 0:00s ! 0:00 EU WET%s # Sweden # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] *************** *** 1839,1845 **** 1:00 - MET 1916 Apr 14 23:00s 1:00 1:00 "MET DST" 1916 Sep 30 23:00s 1:00 - MET 1980 ! 1:00 EC MET%s # Switzerland # From Howse (1988), p 82: --- 1862,1868 ---- 1:00 - MET 1916 Apr 14 23:00s 1:00 1:00 "MET DST" 1916 Sep 30 23:00s 1:00 - MET 1980 ! 1:00 EU MET%s # Switzerland # From Howse (1988), p 82: *************** *** 1857,1863 **** Zone Europe/Zurich 0:34:08 - LMT 1848 Sep 12 0:30 - SST 1894 Jun # Swiss Standard Time 1:00 Swiss MET%s 1981 ! 1:00 EC MET%s # Turkey # European Turkey switched to the Gregorian calendar in 1908. --- 1880,1886 ---- Zone Europe/Zurich 0:34:08 - LMT 1848 Sep 12 0:30 - SST 1894 Jun # Swiss Standard Time 1:00 Swiss MET%s 1981 ! 1:00 EU MET%s # Turkey # European Turkey switched to the Gregorian calendar in 1908. *************** *** 1922,1928 **** 3:00 Turkey TUR%s 1985 Apr 20 2:00 Turkey EET%s 1986 2:00 M-Eur EET%s ! # This may change to `EC' soon. Link Europe/Istanbul Asia/Istanbul # Istanbul is in both continents. # Ukraine --- 1945,1951 ---- 3:00 Turkey TUR%s 1985 Apr 20 2:00 Turkey EET%s 1986 2:00 M-Eur EET%s ! # This may change to `EU' soon. Link Europe/Istanbul Asia/Istanbul # Istanbul is in both continents. # Ukraine *************** *** 1940,1946 **** 2:00 - EET 1930 Jun 21 3:00 Russia MS%s 1990 Jul 17 2:00 M-Eur EET%s ! # This may change to `EC' soon. Zone Europe/Simferopol 2:16:24 - LMT 1880 2:08 Russia LST%s 1919 Jul 1 2:00 2:08 Ukraine LST%s 1924 May 2 --- 1963,1969 ---- 2:00 - EET 1930 Jun 21 3:00 Russia MS%s 1990 Jul 17 2:00 M-Eur EET%s ! # This may change to `EU' soon. Zone Europe/Simferopol 2:16:24 - LMT 1880 2:08 Russia LST%s 1919 Jul 1 2:00 2:08 Ukraine LST%s 1924 May 2 *************** *** 1962,1968 **** 1:00 M-Eur MET%s 1945 May 8 2:00s 1:00 1:00 "MET DST" 1945 Sep 16 2:00s 1:00 - MET 1983 ! 1:00 EC MET%s ############################################################################### --- 1985,1991 ---- 1:00 M-Eur MET%s 1945 May 8 2:00s 1:00 1:00 "MET DST" 1945 Sep 16 2:00s 1:00 - MET 1983 ! 1:00 EU MET%s ###############################################################################

1 0

updated tzcode and tzdata
by ado May 3, 1996

May 3, 1996

New versions of the time zone files are available by anonymous ftp from elsie.nci.nih.gov (165.112.73.1) in the ~ftp/pub directory: -rw-r--r-- 1 ado 74738 May 2 23:01 tzcode96f.tar.gz -rw-r--r-- 1 ado 73532 May 2 23:01 tzdata96g.tar.gz The changes get us some of the way to fixing the problems noted in Paul Eggert's letter yesterday (in addition to a few others). The approach has been to make zic a bit smarter about figuring out what time zone abbreviations apply just after the time specified in the "UNTIL" part of a zone line. Putting the smarts in zic means avoiding having transition times show up in both "Zone" lines and "Rule" lines, which in turn avoids multiple transition time entries in time zone files. (This also makes the zic input files such as "europe" a bit shorter and should ease maintenance.) Results of regression testing are attached. Lines marked "EGGERT" apply to problems reported in Paul's letter yesterday; lines marked "NONEGG" are other changes found in the regression testing. Lines marked "<" appear in old zdump output; lines marked ">" appear in new zdump output. Some notes: 1. The problem with simultaneously entering (or leaving) DST and subtracting an hour from the GMT offset remains. Getting the program to "do what I mean" in these cases will, I hope, follow. 2. The testing points up that the "northamerica" file specifies that Phoenix did a couple of 1944 changes at one MINUTE (rather than one HOUR) past midnight; if anyone has leads on the correctness of this, I'd love it. 3. Also, the testing points up that Budapest was supposed to have switched from using standard M-Eur rules to using its own rules on July 1, 1918, but that the new rules didn't specify use of DST until 1919. Again, if anyone knows whether Budapest turned off DST early in 1918, I'd appreciate a pointer. Folks may want to wait a bit until the dust settles. --ado OPEN NONEGG HMMM... > America/Phoenix Fri Mar 17 07:00:59 1944 GMT = Fri Mar 17 00:00:59 1944 MST isdst=0 OPEN NONEGG HMMM... > America/Phoenix Fri Mar 17 07:01:00 1944 GMT = Fri Mar 17 01:01:00 1944 MWT isdst=1 OPEN NONEGG HMMM... > America/Phoenix Sun Oct 1 06:00:59 1944 GMT = Sun Oct 1 00:00:59 1944 MWT isdst=1 OPEN NONEGG HMMM... > America/Phoenix Sun Oct 1 06:01:00 1944 GMT = Sat Sep 30 23:01:00 1944 MST isdst=0 OPEN NONEGG HMMM... < Europe/Budapest Sun Sep 29 00:59:59 1918 GMT = Sun Sep 29 02:59:59 1918 MET DST isdst=1 OPEN NONEGG HMMM... < Europe/Budapest Sun Sep 29 01:00:00 1918 GMT = Sun Sep 29 02:00:00 1918 MET isdst=0 OPEN NONEGG HMMM... < Europe/Budapest Tue Apr 15 01:59:59 1919 GMT = Tue Apr 15 02:59:59 1919 MET isdst=0 OPEN NONEGG HMMM... < Europe/Budapest Tue Apr 15 02:00:00 1919 GMT = Tue Apr 15 04:00:00 1919 MET DST isdst=1 OPEN NONEGG HMMM... > Europe/Budapest Sun Jun 30 21:59:59 1918 GMT = Sun Jun 30 23:59:59 1918 MET DST isdst=1 OPEN NONEGG HMMM... > Europe/Budapest Sun Jun 30 22:00:00 1918 GMT = Sun Jun 30 23:00:00 1918 MET isdst=0 OPEN NONEGG HMMM... > Europe/Budapest Tue Apr 15 00:59:59 1919 GMT = Tue Apr 15 01:59:59 1919 MET isdst=0 OPEN NONEGG HMMM... > Europe/Budapest Tue Apr 15 01:00:00 1919 GMT = Tue Apr 15 03:00:00 1919 MET DST isdst=1 ============================================================================================================================== OPEN EGGERT SAME FILE America/Menominee [1973: simultaneously start DST and subtract an hour from gmtoff] OPEN EGGERT SAME ZDUMP America/Juneau [1983: simultaneously end DST and subtract an hour from gmtoff] OPEN EGGERT SAME ZDUMP America/Scoresbysund [1981: simultaneously start DST and subtract an hour from gmtoff] OPEN EGGERT SAME ZDUMP Asia/Istanbul [1985: simultaneously start DST and subtract an hour from gmtoff] OPEN EGGERT ALSO BELOW Atlantic/Stanley [1985: simultaneonsly start DST and subtract an hour from gmtoff] ============================================================================================================================== CHANGED NONEGG COLLAPSE < Africa/Freetown Sun Jun 1 00:53:00 1913 GMT = Sat May 31 23:53:00 1913 FMT isdst=0 CHANGED NONEGG COLLAPSE < Africa/Freetown Sun Oct 26 00:59:59 1913 GMT = Sat Oct 25 23:59:59 1913 FMT isdst=0 CHANGED NONEGG COLLAPSE < Africa/Freetown Sun Oct 26 01:00:00 1913 GMT = Sun Oct 26 00:00:00 1913 AAT isdst=0 CHANGED NONEGG COLLAPSE > Africa/Freetown Sun Jun 1 00:53:00 1913 GMT = Sat May 31 23:53:00 1913 AAT isdst=0 CHANGED NONEGG COLLAPSE < Africa/Khartoum Wed Dec 31 21:49:52 1930 GMT = Wed Dec 31 23:49:52 1930 LMT isdst=0 CHANGED NONEGG COLLAPSE < Africa/Khartoum Sat Feb 7 21:59:59 1931 GMT = Sat Feb 7 23:59:59 1931 LMT isdst=0 CHANGED NONEGG COLLAPSE < Africa/Khartoum Sat Feb 7 22:00:00 1931 GMT = Sun Feb 8 00:00:00 1931 EET isdst=0 CHANGED NONEGG COLLAPSE > Africa/Khartoum Wed Dec 31 21:49:52 1930 GMT = Wed Dec 31 23:49:52 1930 EET isdst=0 CHANGED NONEGG FIX ABBREV. < America/Santiago Sat Jan 1 04:43:00 1910 GMT = Fri Dec 31 23:43:00 1909 SMT isdst=0 CHANGED NONEGG FIX ABBREV. < America/Santiago Sun Sep 1 04:59:59 1918 GMT = Sat Aug 31 23:59:59 1918 SMT isdst=0 CHANGED NONEGG FIX ABBREV. > America/Santiago Sat Jan 1 04:43:00 1910 GMT = Fri Dec 31 23:43:00 1909 CST isdst=0 CHANGED NONEGG FIX ABBREV. > America/Santiago Sun Sep 1 04:59:59 1918 GMT = Sat Aug 31 23:59:59 1918 CST isdst=0 CHANGED NONEGG FIX ABBREV. < America/Tijuana Fri Jan 14 07:00:00 1949 GMT = Thu Jan 13 23:00:00 1949 MST isdst=0 CHANGED NONEGG FIX ABBREV. < America/Tijuana Sun Apr 30 09:59:59 1950 GMT = Sun Apr 30 01:59:59 1950 MST isdst=0 CHANGED NONEGG FIX ABBREV. > America/Tijuana Fri Jan 14 07:00:00 1949 GMT = Thu Jan 13 23:00:00 1949 PST isdst=0 CHANGED NONEGG FIX ABBREV. > America/Tijuana Sun Apr 30 09:59:59 1950 GMT = Sun Apr 30 01:59:59 1950 PST isdst=0 CHANGED NONEGG COLLAPSE < Asia/Tel_Aviv Mon Dec 31 21:39:00 1917 GMT = Mon Dec 31 23:39:00 1917 JMT isdst=0 CHANGED NONEGG COLLAPSE < Asia/Tel_Aviv Mon Dec 31 21:59:59 1917 GMT = Mon Dec 31 23:59:59 1917 JMT isdst=0 CHANGED NONEGG COLLAPSE < Asia/Tel_Aviv Mon Dec 31 22:00:00 1917 GMT = Tue Jan 1 00:00:00 1918 IST isdst=0 CHANGED NONEGG COLLAPSE > Asia/Tel_Aviv Mon Dec 31 21:39:00 1917 GMT = Mon Dec 31 23:39:00 1917 IST isdst=0 CHANGED NONEGG FIX ABBREV. < Australia/Lord_Howe Sat Feb 28 14:00:00 1981 GMT = Sun Mar 1 00:30:00 1981 EST isdst=0 CHANGED NONEGG FIX ABBREV. < Australia/Lord_Howe Sat Oct 24 15:29:59 1981 GMT = Sun Oct 25 01:59:59 1981 EST isdst=0 CHANGED NONEGG FIX ABBREV. > Australia/Lord_Howe Sat Feb 28 14:00:00 1981 GMT = Sun Mar 1 00:30:00 1981 LHST isdst=0 CHANGED NONEGG FIX ABBREV. > Australia/Lord_Howe Sat Oct 24 15:29:59 1981 GMT = Sun Oct 25 01:59:59 1981 LHST isdst=0 CHANGED NONEGG FIX ABBREV. < Europe/Brussels Tue Aug 4 00:00:00 1914 GMT = Tue Aug 4 01:00:00 1914 WET isdst=0 CHANGED NONEGG FIX ABBREV. < Europe/Brussels Sun Apr 30 21:59:59 1916 GMT = Sun Apr 30 22:59:59 1916 WET isdst=0 CHANGED NONEGG FIX ABBREV. > Europe/Brussels Tue Aug 4 00:00:00 1914 GMT = Tue Aug 4 01:00:00 1914 MET isdst=0 CHANGED NONEGG FIX ABBREV. > Europe/Brussels Sun Apr 30 21:59:59 1916 GMT = Sun Apr 30 22:59:59 1916 MET isdst=0 CHANGED NONEGG FIX ABBREV. < Europe/Warsaw Wed Aug 4 22:36:00 1915 GMT = Wed Aug 4 23:36:00 1915 WMT isdst=0 CHANGED NONEGG FIX ABBREV. < Europe/Warsaw Sun Apr 30 21:59:59 1916 GMT = Sun Apr 30 22:59:59 1916 WMT isdst=0 CHANGED NONEGG FIX ABBREV. > Europe/Warsaw Wed Aug 4 22:36:00 1915 GMT = Wed Aug 4 23:36:00 1915 MET isdst=0 CHANGED NONEGG FIX ABBREV. > Europe/Warsaw Sun Apr 30 21:59:59 1916 GMT = Sun Apr 30 22:59:59 1916 MET isdst=0 CHANGED NONEGG FIX ABBREV. < Europe/Warsaw Sun Jun 23 00:59:59 1940 GMT = Sun Jun 23 02:59:59 1940 EET isdst=0 CHANGED NONEGG FIX ABBREV. > Europe/Warsaw Wed May 31 21:59:59 1922 GMT = Wed May 31 23:59:59 1922 EET isdst=0 CHANGED NONEGG FIX ABBREV. > Europe/Warsaw Wed May 31 22:00:00 1922 GMT = Wed May 31 23:00:00 1922 MET isdst=0 CHANGED NONEGG FIX ABBREV. > Europe/Warsaw Sun Jun 23 00:59:59 1940 GMT = Sun Jun 23 01:59:59 1940 MET isdst=0 ============================================================================================================================== CHANGED EGGERT COLLAPSE < America/Asuncion Mon Apr 1 03:00:00 1974 GMT = Sun Mar 31 23:00:00 1974 EST isdst=0 CHANGED EGGERT COLLAPSE < America/Asuncion Mon Apr 1 03:59:59 1974 GMT = Sun Mar 31 23:59:59 1974 EST isdst=0 CHANGED EGGERT COLLAPSE < America/Asuncion Mon Apr 1 04:00:00 1974 GMT = Mon Apr 1 00:00:00 1974 AST isdst=0 CHANGED EGGERT COLLAPSE > America/Asuncion Mon Apr 1 03:00:00 1974 GMT = Sun Mar 31 23:00:00 1974 AST isdst=0 CHANGED EGGERT COLLAPSE < America/Barbados Fri Jan 1 03:58:00 1932 GMT = Thu Dec 31 23:58:00 1931 BMT isdst=0 CHANGED EGGERT COLLAPSE < America/Barbados Fri Jan 1 03:59:59 1932 GMT = Thu Dec 31 23:59:59 1931 BMT isdst=0 CHANGED EGGERT COLLAPSE < America/Barbados Fri Jan 1 04:00:00 1932 GMT = Fri Jan 1 00:00:00 1932 AST isdst=0 CHANGED EGGERT COLLAPSE > America/Barbados Fri Jan 1 03:58:00 1932 GMT = Thu Dec 31 23:58:00 1931 AST isdst=0 CHANGED EGGERT COLLAPSE < America/Belize Mon Apr 1 05:52:48 1912 GMT = Sun Mar 31 23:52:48 1912 LMT isdst=0 CHANGED EGGERT COLLAPSE < America/Belize Mon Apr 1 05:59:59 1912 GMT = Sun Mar 31 23:59:59 1912 LMT isdst=0 CHANGED EGGERT COLLAPSE < America/Belize Mon Apr 1 06:00:00 1912 GMT = Mon Apr 1 00:00:00 1912 CST isdst=0 CHANGED EGGERT COLLAPSE > America/Belize Mon Apr 1 05:52:48 1912 GMT = Sun Mar 31 23:52:48 1912 CST isdst=0 CHANGED EGGERT COLLAPSE < America/Costa_Rica Sat Jan 15 05:36:00 1921 GMT = Fri Jan 14 23:36:00 1921 SJMT isdst=0 CHANGED EGGERT COLLAPSE < America/Costa_Rica Sat Jan 15 05:59:59 1921 GMT = Fri Jan 14 23:59:59 1921 SJMT isdst=0 CHANGED EGGERT COLLAPSE < America/Costa_Rica Sat Jan 15 06:00:00 1921 GMT = Sat Jan 15 00:00:00 1921 CST isdst=0 CHANGED EGGERT COLLAPSE > America/Costa_Rica Sat Jan 15 05:36:00 1921 GMT = Fri Jan 14 23:36:00 1921 CST isdst=0 CHANGED EGGERT COLLAPSE < America/El_Salvador Sat Jan 1 05:56:48 1921 GMT = Fri Dec 31 23:56:48 1920 LMT isdst=0 CHANGED EGGERT COLLAPSE < America/El_Salvador Sat Jan 1 05:59:59 1921 GMT = Fri Dec 31 23:59:59 1920 LMT isdst=0 CHANGED EGGERT COLLAPSE < America/El_Salvador Sat Jan 1 06:00:00 1921 GMT = Sat Jan 1 00:00:00 1921 CST isdst=0 CHANGED EGGERT COLLAPSE > America/El_Salvador Sat Jan 1 05:56:48 1921 GMT = Fri Dec 31 23:56:48 1920 CST isdst=0 CHANGED EGGERT COLLAPSE < America/Managua Sun Feb 16 05:00:00 1975 GMT = Sat Feb 15 23:00:00 1975 EST isdst=0 CHANGED EGGERT COLLAPSE < America/Managua Sun Feb 16 05:59:59 1975 GMT = Sat Feb 15 23:59:59 1975 EST isdst=0 CHANGED EGGERT COLLAPSE < America/Managua Sun Feb 16 06:00:00 1975 GMT = Sun Feb 16 00:00:00 1975 CST isdst=0 CHANGED EGGERT COLLAPSE > America/Managua Sun Feb 16 05:00:00 1975 GMT = Sat Feb 15 23:00:00 1975 CST isdst=0 CHANGED EGGERT COLLAPSE < America/Port-au-Prince Wed Jan 24 16:49:00 1917 GMT = Wed Jan 24 11:49:00 1917 PPMT isdst=0 CHANGED EGGERT COLLAPSE < America/Port-au-Prince Wed Jan 24 16:59:59 1917 GMT = Wed Jan 24 11:59:59 1917 PPMT isdst=0 CHANGED EGGERT COLLAPSE < America/Port-au-Prince Wed Jan 24 17:00:00 1917 GMT = Wed Jan 24 12:00:00 1917 EST isdst=0 CHANGED EGGERT COLLAPSE > America/Port-au-Prince Wed Jan 24 16:49:00 1917 GMT = Wed Jan 24 11:49:00 1917 EST isdst=0 CHANGED EGGERT COLLAPSE < America/Regina Fri Sep 1 06:58:36 1905 GMT = Thu Aug 31 23:58:36 1905 LMT isdst=0 CHANGED EGGERT COLLAPSE < America/Regina Fri Sep 1 06:59:59 1905 GMT = Thu Aug 31 23:59:59 1905 LMT isdst=0 CHANGED EGGERT COLLAPSE < America/Regina Fri Sep 1 07:00:00 1905 GMT = Fri Sep 1 00:00:00 1905 MST isdst=0 CHANGED EGGERT COLLAPSE > America/Regina Fri Sep 1 06:58:36 1905 GMT = Thu Aug 31 23:58:36 1905 MST isdst=0 CHANGED EGGERT COLLAPSE < America/Santo_Domingo Sat Apr 1 16:40:00 1933 GMT = Sat Apr 1 11:40:00 1933 SDMT isdst=0 CHANGED EGGERT COLLAPSE < America/Santo_Domingo Sat Apr 1 16:59:59 1933 GMT = Sat Apr 1 11:59:59 1933 SDMT isdst=0 CHANGED EGGERT COLLAPSE < America/Santo_Domingo Sat Apr 1 17:00:00 1933 GMT = Sat Apr 1 12:00:00 1933 EST isdst=0 CHANGED EGGERT COLLAPSE > America/Santo_Domingo Sat Apr 1 16:40:00 1933 GMT = Sat Apr 1 11:40:00 1933 EST isdst=0 CHANGED EGGERT COLLAPSE < Asia/Amman Wed Dec 31 21:36:16 1930 GMT = Wed Dec 31 23:36:16 1930 LMT isdst=0 CHANGED EGGERT COLLAPSE < Asia/Amman Wed Dec 31 21:59:59 1930 GMT = Wed Dec 31 23:59:59 1930 LMT isdst=0 CHANGED EGGERT COLLAPSE < Asia/Amman Wed Dec 31 22:00:00 1930 GMT = Thu Jan 1 00:00:00 1931 EET isdst=0 CHANGED EGGERT COLLAPSE > Asia/Amman Wed Dec 31 21:36:16 1930 GMT = Wed Dec 31 23:36:16 1930 EET isdst=0 CHANGED EGGERT COLLAPSE < Asia/Damascus Wed Dec 31 21:34:48 1919 GMT = Wed Dec 31 23:34:48 1919 LMT isdst=0 CHANGED EGGERT COLLAPSE < Asia/Damascus Wed Dec 31 21:59:59 1919 GMT = Wed Dec 31 23:59:59 1919 LMT isdst=0 CHANGED EGGERT COLLAPSE < Asia/Damascus Wed Dec 31 22:00:00 1919 GMT = Thu Jan 1 00:00:00 1920 EET isdst=0 CHANGED EGGERT COLLAPSE > Asia/Damascus Wed Dec 31 21:34:48 1919 GMT = Wed Dec 31 23:34:48 1919 EET isdst=0 CHANGED EGGERT COLLAPSE < Asia/Jerusalem Mon Dec 31 21:39:00 1917 GMT = Mon Dec 31 23:39:00 1917 JMT isdst=0 CHANGED EGGERT COLLAPSE < Asia/Jerusalem Mon Dec 31 21:59:59 1917 GMT = Mon Dec 31 23:59:59 1917 JMT isdst=0 CHANGED EGGERT COLLAPSE < Asia/Jerusalem Mon Dec 31 22:00:00 1917 GMT = Tue Jan 1 00:00:00 1918 IST isdst=0 CHANGED EGGERT COLLAPSE > Asia/Jerusalem Mon Dec 31 21:39:00 1917 GMT = Mon Dec 31 23:39:00 1917 IST isdst=0 CHANGED EGGERT COLLAPSE < Asia/Nicosia Sun Nov 13 21:46:32 1921 GMT = Sun Nov 13 23:46:32 1921 LMT isdst=0 CHANGED EGGERT COLLAPSE < Asia/Nicosia Sun Nov 13 21:59:59 1921 GMT = Sun Nov 13 23:59:59 1921 LMT isdst=0 CHANGED EGGERT COLLAPSE < Asia/Nicosia Sun Nov 13 22:00:00 1921 GMT = Mon Nov 14 00:00:00 1921 EET isdst=0 CHANGED EGGERT COLLAPSE > Asia/Nicosia Sun Nov 13 21:46:32 1921 GMT = Sun Nov 13 23:46:32 1921 EET isdst=0 CHANGED EGGERT COLLAPSE < Asia/Shanghai Sat Dec 31 15:54:08 1927 GMT = Sat Dec 31 23:54:08 1927 LMT isdst=0 CHANGED EGGERT COLLAPSE < Asia/Shanghai Sat Dec 31 15:59:59 1927 GMT = Sat Dec 31 23:59:59 1927 LMT isdst=0 CHANGED EGGERT COLLAPSE < Asia/Shanghai Sat Dec 31 16:00:00 1927 GMT = Sun Jan 1 00:00:00 1928 CST isdst=0 CHANGED EGGERT COLLAPSE > Asia/Shanghai Sat Dec 31 15:54:08 1927 GMT = Sat Dec 31 23:54:08 1927 CST isdst=0 CHANGED EGGERT COLLAPSE < Atlantic/Azores Wed May 24 01:55:00 1911 GMT = Tue May 23 23:55:00 1911 HMT isdst=0 CHANGED EGGERT COLLAPSE < Atlantic/Azores Wed May 24 01:59:59 1911 GMT = Tue May 23 23:59:59 1911 HMT isdst=0 CHANGED EGGERT COLLAPSE < Atlantic/Azores Wed May 24 02:00:00 1911 GMT = Wed May 24 00:00:00 1911 ACT isdst=0 CHANGED EGGERT COLLAPSE > Atlantic/Azores Wed May 24 01:55:00 1911 GMT = Tue May 23 23:55:00 1911 ACT isdst=0 CHANGED EGGERT COLLAPSE < Atlantic/Stanley Tue Mar 12 03:51:00 1912 GMT = Mon Mar 11 23:51:00 1912 SMT isdst=0 CHANGED EGGERT COLLAPSE < Atlantic/Stanley Tue Mar 12 03:59:59 1912 GMT = Mon Mar 11 23:59:59 1912 SMT isdst=0 CHANGED EGGERT COLLAPSE < Atlantic/Stanley Tue Mar 12 04:00:00 1912 GMT = Tue Mar 12 00:00:00 1912 AST isdst=0 CHANGED EGGERT COLLAPSE > Atlantic/Stanley Tue Mar 12 03:51:00 1912 GMT = Mon Mar 11 23:51:00 1912 AST isdst=0 CHANGED EGGERT FIX ABBREV. < Europe/Brussels Sat Mar 1 22:00:00 1919 GMT = Sat Mar 1 22:00:00 1919 MET isdst=0 CHANGED EGGERT FIX ABBREV. < Europe/Brussels Sat Mar 1 22:59:59 1919 GMT = Sat Mar 1 22:59:59 1919 MET isdst=0 CHANGED EGGERT FIX ABBREV. > Europe/Brussels Sat Mar 1 22:00:00 1919 GMT = Sat Mar 1 22:00:00 1919 WET isdst=0 CHANGED EGGERT FIX ABBREV. > Europe/Brussels Sat Mar 1 22:59:59 1919 GMT = Sat Mar 1 22:59:59 1919 WET isdst=0 CHANGED EGGERT COLLAPSE < Pacific/Noumea Fri Jan 12 12:54:12 1912 GMT = Fri Jan 12 23:54:12 1912 LMT isdst=0 CHANGED EGGERT COLLAPSE < Pacific/Noumea Fri Jan 12 12:59:59 1912 GMT = Fri Jan 12 23:59:59 1912 LMT isdst=0 cHANGED EGGERT COLLAPSE < Pacific/Noumea Fri Jan 12 13:00:00 1912 GMT = Sat Jan 13 00:00:00 1912 NCST isdst=0 CHANGED EGGERT COLLAPSE > Pacific/Noumea Fri Jan 12 12:54:12 1912 GMT = Fri Jan 12 23:54:12 1912 NCST isdst=0

2 1

bug in zic for Rule and Zone changing simultaneously?
by Paul Eggert May 1, 1996

May 1, 1996

I found 23 bugs in the latest tz database. I enclose two detailed examples below, and a brief summary of all the bugs. It appears that zic has problems when applying Zone and Rule changes simultaneously. Example 1. The edited input is: # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LET Rule Falk 1985 max - Sep Sun>=9 0:00 1:00 D # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] Zone Atlantic/Stanley -3:00 Falk E%sT 1985 Sep 15 -4:00 Falk A%sT The zdump -v output is: Atlantic/Stanley Sun Sep 15 02:59:59 1985 GMT = Sat Sep 14 23:59:59 1985 EST isdst=0 Atlantic/Stanley Sun Sep 15 03:00:00 1985 GMT = Sat Sep 14 23:00:00 1985 AST isdst=0 Atlantic/Stanley Sun Sep 15 03:59:59 1985 GMT = Sat Sep 14 23:59:59 1985 AST isdst=0 Atlantic/Stanley Sun Sep 15 04:00:00 1985 GMT = Sun Sep 15 01:00:00 1985 ADT isdst=1 zdump claims that inhabitants of Stanley changed their clocks twice that night, when they changed them only once. The transition should have been from 1985-09-14 23:59:59 -0300 (EST) to 1985-09-15 00:00:00 -0400 (ADT), but zic applied `Zone' first, yielding 1985-09-14 23:00:00 -0200 (EDT), and then one hour later applied `Rule', yielding the proper time afterwards; but there's a one-hour period of incorrect times. Example 2. The input is: # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LET Rule Regina 1905 only - Sep 1 0:00 0 S # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] Zone America/Regina -6:58:36 - LMT 1905 Sep -7:00 Regina M%sT 1966 Apr 15 The zdump output is: America/Regina Fri Sep 1 06:58:35 1905 GMT = Thu Aug 31 23:59:59 1905 LMT isdst=0 America/Regina Fri Sep 1 06:58:36 1905 GMT = Thu Aug 31 23:58:36 1905 LMT isdst=0 America/Regina Fri Sep 1 06:59:59 1905 GMT = Thu Aug 31 23:59:59 1905 LMT isdst=0 America/Regina Fri Sep 1 07:00:00 1905 GMT = Fri Sep 1 00:00:00 1905 MST isdst=0 Again, there are two transitions where there should be one, and it's because the Zone was applied before the Rule, when they were meant to be applied simultaneously. In this case, the erroneous period is only 84 seconds long. Here is a list of the 23 bugs I found. Each line has the following columns: timezone name first time_t value in the erroneous period (1) first time_t value after the erroneous period is over (2) ctime applied to (1) ctime applied to (2) America/Asuncion 134017200 134020800 Sun Mar 31 23:00:00 1974 Mon Apr 1 00:00:00 1974 America/Barbados -1199217720 -1199217600 Thu Dec 31 23:58:00 1931 Fri Jan 1 00:00:00 1932 America/Belize -1822500432 -1822500000 Sun Mar 31 23:52:48 1912 Mon Apr 1 00:00:00 1912 America/Costa_Rica -1545071040 -1545069600 Fri Jan 14 23:36:00 1921 Sat Jan 15 00:00:00 1921 America/El_Salvador -1546279392 -1546279200 Fri Dec 31 23:56:48 1920 Sat Jan 1 00:00:00 1921 America/Juneau 436352400 436356000 Sun Oct 30 01:00:00 1983 Sun Oct 30 01:00:00 1983 America/Managua 161758800 161762400 Sat Feb 15 23:00:00 1975 Sun Feb 16 00:00:00 1975 America/Menominee 104914800 104918400 Sun Apr 29 01:00:00 1973 Sun Apr 29 03:00:00 1973 America/Port-au-Prince -1670483460 -1670482800 Wed Jan 24 11:49:00 1917 Wed Jan 24 12:00:00 1917 America/Regina -2030202084 -2030202000 Thu Aug 31 23:58:36 1905 Fri Sep 1 00:00:00 1905 America/Santo_Domingo -1159773600 -1159772400 Sat Apr 1 11:40:00 1933 Sat Apr 1 12:00:00 1933 America/Scoresbysund 354679200 354682800 Sun Mar 29 01:00:00 1981 Sun Mar 29 03:00:00 1981 Asia/Amman -1230776624 -1230775200 Wed Dec 31 23:36:16 1930 Thu Jan 1 00:00:00 1931 Asia/Damascus -1577931912 -1577930400 Wed Dec 31 23:34:48 1919 Thu Jan 1 00:00:00 1920 Asia/Istanbul 482792400 482796000 Fri Apr 19 23:00:00 1985 Sat Apr 20 01:00:00 1985 Asia/Jerusalem -1641003660 -1641002400 Mon Dec 31 23:39:00 1917 Tue Jan 1 00:00:00 1918 Asia/Nicosia -1518920008 -1518919200 Sun Nov 13 23:46:32 1921 Mon Nov 14 00:00:00 1921 Asia/Shanghai -1325491552 -1325491200 Sat Dec 31 23:54:08 1927 Sun Jan 1 00:00:00 1928 Atlantic/Azores -1849557900 -1849557600 Tue May 23 23:55:00 1911 Wed May 24 00:00:00 1911 Atlantic/Stanley -1824235740 -1824235200 Mon Mar 11 23:51:00 1912 Tue Mar 12 00:00:00 1912 Atlantic/Stanley 495601200 495604800 Sat Sep 14 23:00:00 1985 Sun Sep 15 01:00:00 1985 Europe/Brussels -1604282400 -1604278800 Sat Mar 1 22:00:00 1919 Sun Mar 2 00:00:00 1919 Pacific/Noumea -1829387148 -1829386800 Fri Jan 12 23:54:12 1912 Sat Jan 13 00:00:00 1912

1 0

Time Zone Request [forwarded with permission]
by ado April 24, 1996

April 24, 1996

I've forwarded the attached request with permission of the originator; replies can go to Ron or to the list as appropriate. --ado > ...Do you have any idea where I can find a tutorial regarding time > zones that includes a discussion of the international date line? Any > help will be greatly appreciated. Many thanks, Ron > > Ron Schodt > schodtr(a)infomail.infonet

1 0

/usr/share/lib/zoneinfo/europe
by allane＠parallax.co.uk April 23, 1996

April 23, 1996

Hi, The europe file as distributed by Sun Microsystems has, as far as I can tell, a small bug in the Europe/London zone. My diff is included below. At least the Sun seems to need the one hour offset in the RULES part instead of the GMTOFF. I have a small test program that shows the problem; if you are interested let me know. the problem only affects dates in the 1968-1971 period. Cheers, --- Allan ---------------------------------------------------------------------- Allan Engelhardt Consultant Parallax Solutions Ltd Stonecourt Siskin Drive Coventry CV3 4FJ Tel: [+44] (0)1203 514400 Fax: [+44] (0)1203 514401 E-Mail: Allan.Engelhardt(a)parallax.co.uk --- [% diff -c europe /usr/share/lib/zoneinfo/europe] --- *** europe Tue Apr 23 16:03:54 1996 --- /usr/share/lib/zoneinfo/europe Sat Jul 16 05:47:47 1994 *************** *** 661,667 **** # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] Zone Europe/London -0:00:37 - LMT 1847 Sep 22 0:00 GB-Eire %s 1968 Feb 18 2:00 ! 0:00 1:00 BST 1971 Oct 31 2:00 # Fixed -AE- 0:00 GB-Eire %s Zone Europe/Belfast -0:23:40 - LMT 1880 Aug 2 -0:25:21 - DMT 1916 May 21 2:00 # Dublin MT --- 661,667 ---- # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] Zone Europe/London -0:00:37 - LMT 1847 Sep 22 0:00 GB-Eire %s 1968 Feb 18 2:00 ! 1:00 - BST 1971 Oct 31 2:00 0:00 GB-Eire %s Zone Europe/Belfast -0:23:40 - LMT 1880 Aug 2 -0:25:21 - DMT 1916 May 21 2:00 # Dublin MT

1 0

Krasnoyarsk timezone?
by Andrey V. Glukhov April 23, 1996

April 23, 1996

Dear sirs, I work with the zoneinfo format, supported by Linux and FreeBSD for two years, and I was sorrowed when I did not find Krasnoyarsk timezone in the latest release FreeBSD, where are mach more timezones. Are you support the zoneinfo package? Can you add the record below into the timezone database? # Krasnoyarsk # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/ Rule Krasnoyarsk 1970 max - Mar lastSun 2:00 1:00 D Rule Krasnoyarsk 1970 max - Sep lastSun 2:00 0 K # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES/SAVE FORMAT [UNTIL] Zone Krasnoyarsk 7:00 Krasnoyarsk KRS%s I understand that Krasnoyarsk timezone is equal to registered Tomsk timezone now. Do the registration of Tomsk timezone hinder to registrate Krasnoyarsk timezone? Sincerely yours Andrey Glukhov

2 1

DST in EU, ex-USSR, Mongolia & software
by Chris Carrier April 21, 1996

April 21, 1996

I would like to ask a question about EU daylight time: since the directive defining the 'summer-time period' is for a limited number of years, when does the directive expire? Also, does anyone know what dates Russia and the rest of the CIS will be observing daylight time on this year? The World Almanac gave March-September, changing on the 4th Monday but I was thinking that Monday was probably in error and that I remember they were using EU dates in the mid-80s (source: English translation of PRAVDA) so they might be keeping DST until the end of October this year as well. About Mongolia. I just called the AT&T international operator and got a time of GMT+9 for Ulan Bator, and then asked if this time was valid throughout Mongolia and got an affirmative response. I presume GMT+9 means GMT+8 with DST, probably on whatever dates Russia is using. (I also have seen time maps with Mongolia in either one zone or split into three. I presume that both have been true at various times in their history.) Mongolia came up recently in sci.astro; there is a group going there for a total solar eclipse next month. About time changes being automatically built into software, VCRs, etc... I regard this as a very BAD idea, because DST rules change. (Thinking of many a system in the EU that is going to change back at the end of September and can't be programmed for the new directive...) Also there are places that don't use DST such as Arizona or the EST part of Indiana and groups and individuals who deliberately do not use local civil time.

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