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Re: Kwajalein bug fix
by ado Aug. 28, 1993

Aug. 28, 1993

Thanks to Paul Eggert for the Kwajalein changes. My notions on how to do it are attached. It might be better to toss Kwajalein into australasia than to create a new file; as I recall, some vendors might be using a "patch" scheme that's better at handling changes than handling additions. I also took the opportunity while visiting zdump to eliminate the "VERY approximate" kludge in handling zdump's "-c" option. (Given the relentless increase in processor power, maybe the better thing to do is eliminate the "-c" option.) I'll wait a bit for feedback from this list; eventually folks should expect to see tzcode93e.tar.Z and tzdata93e.tar.Z on elsie.nci.nih.gov. --ado SCCS/s.australasia: 7.13 vs. 7.14 *** 7.13/australasia Sat Aug 28 12:29:52 1993 --- 7.14/australasia Sat Aug 28 12:29:52 1993 *************** *** 1,4 **** ! # @(#)australasia 7.13 # Notes are at the end of this file --- 1,4 ---- ! # @(#)australasia 7.14 # Notes are at the end of this file *************** *** 105,110 **** --- 105,118 ---- ############################################################################### + # Kwajalein + + # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES/SAVE FORMAT [UNTIL] + Zone Kwajalein -12:00 - KST 1993 Aug 20 + 12:00 - KST + + ############################################################################### + # NOTES ############################################################################### *************** *** 431,433 **** --- 439,451 ---- # From Arthur David Olson (March 8, 1992): # The chosen rules use the Davies October 8 values for the start of DST in 1989 # rather than the October 1 value. + + ############################################################################### + + # Kwajalein + + # In comp.risks 14.87 (26 August 1993), Peter Neumann writes: + # I wonder what happened in Kwajalein, where there was NO Friday, + # August 20, 1993. Thursday night at midnight Kwajalein switched sides with + # respect to the International Date Line, to rejoin its fellow islands, + # going from 11:59 p.m. Thursday to 12:00 m. Saturday in a blink. SCCS/s.zdump.c: 7.3 vs. 7.5 *** 7.3/zdump.c Sat Aug 28 12:30:03 1993 --- 7.5/zdump.c Sat Aug 28 12:30:03 1993 *************** *** 1,6 **** #ifndef lint #ifndef NOID ! static char elsieid[] = "@(#)zdump.c 7.3"; #endif /* !defined NOID */ #endif /* !defined lint */ --- 1,6 ---- #ifndef lint #ifndef NOID ! static char elsieid[] = "@(#)zdump.c 7.5"; #endif /* !defined NOID */ #endif /* !defined lint */ *************** *** 39,46 **** #define SECSPERMIN 60 #endif /* !defined SECSPERMIN */ #ifndef SECSPERHOUR ! #define SECSPERHOUR 3600 #endif /* !defined SECSPERHOUR */ #ifndef HOURSPERDAY --- 39,50 ---- #define SECSPERMIN 60 #endif /* !defined SECSPERMIN */ + #ifndef MINSPERHOUR + #define MINSPERHOUR 60 + #endif /* !defined MINSPERHOUR */ + #ifndef SECSPERHOUR ! #define SECSPERHOUR (SECSPERMIN * MINSPERHOUR) #endif /* !defined SECSPERHOUR */ #ifndef HOURSPERDAY *************** *** 51,60 **** --- 55,72 ---- #define EPOCH_YEAR 1970 #endif /* !defined EPOCH_YEAR */ + #ifndef TM_YEAR_BASE + #define TM_YEAR_BASE 1900 + #endif /* !defined TM_YEAR_BASE */ + #ifndef DAYSPERNYEAR #define DAYSPERNYEAR 365 #endif /* !defined DAYSPERNYEAR */ + #ifndef isleap + #define isleap(y) ((((y) % 4) == 0 && ((y) % 100) != 0) || ((y) % 400) == 0) + #endif /* !defined isleap */ + extern char ** environ; extern int getopt(); extern char * optarg; *************** *** 104,116 **** argv[0], argv[0]); (void) exit(EXIT_FAILURE); } ! if (cutoff != NULL) cutyear = atoi(cutoff); ! /* ! ** VERY approximate. ! */ ! cuttime = (long) (cutyear - EPOCH_YEAR) * ! SECSPERHOUR * HOURSPERDAY * DAYSPERNYEAR; (void) time(&now); longest = 0; for (i = optind; i < argc; ++i) --- 116,130 ---- argv[0], argv[0]); (void) exit(EXIT_FAILURE); } ! if (cutoff != NULL) { ! int y; ! cutyear = atoi(cutoff); ! cuttime = 0; ! for (y = EPOCH_YEAR; y < cutyear; ++y) ! cuttime += DAYSPERNYEAR + isleap(y); ! cuttime *= SECSPERHOUR * HOURSPERDAY; ! } (void) time(&now); longest = 0; for (i = optind; i < argc; ++i) *************** *** 231,243 **** struct tm * oldp; { long result; ! result = newp->tm_hour - oldp->tm_hour; ! if (result < 0) ! result += HOURSPERDAY; ! result *= SECSPERHOUR; ! result += (newp->tm_min - oldp->tm_min) * SECSPERMIN; ! return result + newp->tm_sec - oldp->tm_sec; } static void --- 245,265 ---- struct tm * oldp; { long result; + int tmy; ! if (newp->tm_year < oldp->tm_year) ! return -delta(oldp, newp); ! result = 0; ! for (tmy = oldp->tm_year; tmy < newp->tm_year; ++tmy) ! result += DAYSPERNYEAR + isleap(tmy + TM_YEAR_BASE); ! result += newp->tm_yday - oldp->tm_yday; ! result *= HOURSPERDAY; ! result += newp->tm_hour - oldp->tm_hour; ! result *= MINSPERHOUR; ! result += newp->tm_min - oldp->tm_min; ! result *= SECSPERMIN; ! result += newp->tm_sec - oldp->tm_sec; ! return result; } static void

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Kwajalein bug fix
by eggert＠stet.twinsun.com Aug. 26, 1993

Aug. 26, 1993

Kwajalein's missing day uncovered a bug in zdump.c, which missed the 24-hour jump ahead because the jump was masked by the HOURSPERDAY hack in the `delta' function. Here's a patch, plus a proposed new `pacific' file for islands in the Pacific. I've made up the abbreviation `KST'; I don't know what abbreviation Kwajaleinians really use. I don't know when Kwajalein originally started using -12:00 -- it must have been soon after WW II. *** /dev/null Fri Aug 27 07:48:01 1993 --- pacific Fri Aug 27 07:38:41 1993 *************** *** 0 **** --- 1,14 ---- + # @(#)pacific + + + # Kwajalein + + # In comp.risks 14.87 (26 August 1993), Peter Neumann writes: + # I wonder what happened in Kwajalein, where there was NO Friday, + # August 20, 1993. Thursday night at midnight Kwajalein switched sides with + # respect to the International Date Line, to rejoin its fellow islands, + # going from 11:59 p.m. Thursday to 12:00 m. Saturday in a blink. + + # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES/SAVE FORMAT [UNTIL] + Zone Kwajalein -12:00 - KST 1993 Aug 20 + 12:00 - KST =================================================================== RCS file: zdump.c,v retrieving revision 7.3 retrieving revision 7.3.1.1 diff -c -r7.3 -r7.3.1.1 *** zdump.c 1993/01/08 12:00:38 7.3 --- zdump.c 1993/08/26 21:08:10 7.3.1.1 *************** *** 55,60 **** --- 55,64 ---- #define DAYSPERNYEAR 365 #endif /* !defined DAYSPERNYEAR */ + #ifndef TM_YEAR_BASE + #define TM_YEAR_BASE 1900 + #endif + extern char ** environ; extern int getopt(); extern char * optarg; *************** *** 230,243 **** struct tm * newp; struct tm * oldp; { ! long result; ! ! result = newp->tm_hour - oldp->tm_hour; ! if (result < 0) ! result += HOURSPERDAY; ! result *= SECSPERHOUR; ! result += (newp->tm_min - oldp->tm_min) * SECSPERMIN; ! return result + newp->tm_sec - oldp->tm_sec; } static void --- 234,256 ---- struct tm * newp; struct tm * oldp; { ! int newy = newp->tm_year + (TM_YEAR_BASE - 1); ! int oldy = oldp->tm_year + (TM_YEAR_BASE - 1); ! return ! ( ! ( ! ( ! /* difference in day of year */ ! newp->tm_yday - oldp->tm_yday ! /* + intervening leap days */ ! + (newy/4 - oldy/4) ! - (newy/100 - oldy/100) ! + (newy/400 - oldy/400) ! /* + difference in years * 365 */ ! + (long)(newy-oldy) * 365 ! )*24 + (newp->tm_hour - oldp->tm_hour) ! )*60 + (newp->tm_min - oldp->tm_min) ! )*60 + (newp->tm_sec - oldp->tm_sec); } static void

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Item forwarded from comp.protocols.time.ntp
by ado Aug. 25, 1993

Aug. 25, 1993

> From bob(a)kahala.soest.hawaii.edu Mon Aug 23 17:07:53 1993 > Path: nih-csl!darwin.sura.net!howland.reston.ans.net!agate!ames!news.Hawaii.Edu!kahala!bob > From: bob(a)kahala.soest.hawaii.edu (Bob Cunningham) > Newsgroups: comp.protocols.time.ntp > Subject: time trivia, Kwajelein skips a day > Message-ID: <CC8DD5.7It(a)news.Hawaii.Edu> > Date: 23 Aug 93 21:07:53 GMT > Sender: news(a)news.Hawaii.Edu > Organization: School of Ocean and Earth Science and Technology > Lines: 18 > Originator: bob@kahala > > Everyone living on the remote Pacific atoll of Kwajelein in the > Marshall Islands will have a good excuse for not remembering last > Saturdy night. There wasn't one. Residents went to bed on Friday and > woke up on Sunday. There was no 21st of August. The government just > changed Kwajelein to Marshallese time, effectively jumping the island > from one side of the International Date Line to the far side (where it > actually is, the IDL being 300 miles to east of Kwaj). The US Army has > for the last 40 years been synchronizing the day of the week for its > workers on Kwaj with the US mainland. > > But most workers didn't lose a day off. The work week was shifted to > Tuesday through Saturday, corresponding with Monday through Friday on > the mainland. > > -- > Bob Cunningham > bob(a)soest.hawaii.edu > School of Ocean & Earth Science & Technology, University of Hawaii

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Is leap second support working in the latest time zone code?
by eggert＠twinsun.com July 9, 1993

July 9, 1993

With the latest time zone code I tried `zdump -v right/US/Pacific' and got the following output. This looks wrong to me -- the times labeled `GMT' are actually International Atomic Time (TAI), not Coordinated Universal Time (UTC). zdump uses gmtime to print the GMT part. But even with leap second support, gmtime should yield UTC, not TAI, at least according to ANSI C X3.159-1989 section 4.12.3.3. Or am I missing something here? right/US/Pacific Sun Apr 4 10:00:16 1993 GMT = Sun Apr 4 01:59:59 1993 PST isdst=0 right/US/Pacific Sun Apr 4 10:00:17 1993 GMT = Sun Apr 4 03:00:00 1993 PDT isdst=1 right/US/Pacific Thu Jul 1 00:00:17 1993 GMT = Wed Jun 30 16:59:60 1993 PDT isdst=1 right/US/Pacific Thu Jul 1 00:00:18 1993 GMT = Wed Jun 30 17:00:00 1993 PDT isdst=1 right/US/Pacific Sun Oct 31 09:00:17 1993 GMT = Sun Oct 31 01:59:59 1993 PDT isdst=1 right/US/Pacific Sun Oct 31 09:00:18 1993 GMT = Sun Oct 31 01:00:00 1993 PST isdst=0

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Solaris 2.2 has many timezone bugs
by eggert＠shadow.twinsun.com June 22, 1993

June 22, 1993

Solaris 2.2 seems based on a particularly ancient version of the timezone code. It has many bugs that, near as I can tell, were fixed as long ago as 1989 in the public domain version. This is a real step backwards from SunOS 4.1.x. The most serious bug will occur on October 24, 1993 in GB-Eire: Solaris 2.2's switch from summer to winter time will be delayed until October 31. There are some other bugs in Australia, Brazil, Chile, Israel, and Korea zones. I just filed an official bug report with Sun, but I don't have much hope of it having an effect in time. Perhaps someone with some influence at Sun can get them to upgrade to the latest tz code before Solaris 2.3 comes out. Or I could just post a note to comp.risks...

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Julian date conversion code
by jim＠bilbo.suite.com June 19, 1993

June 19, 1993

Does anyone know where I can find some public domain code that converts Julian (and Modified Julian) Dates to "seconds since start of (UNIX/GMT)" and back? thanks, Jim-Miller(a)suite.com

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Re: tz93c botches time zone transitions in Brazil
by ado June 17, 1993

June 17, 1993

Thanks for this new fix. Both it and the new data on Israel are now incorporated in ~ftp/pub/tzcode93d.tar.Z and ~ftp/pub/tzdata93d.tar.Z on elsie.nci.nih.gov (128.231.16.1). (And I think the woes of elsie's transition from being a Sun 3 to being a Sun 4 are over.) --ado

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tz93c botches time zone transitions in Brazil
by eggert＠twinsun.com June 17, 1993

June 17, 1993

Ed Reingold noticed that SunOS 4.1.2 mishandles the time zone transitions in Brazil. Typically, it claims that the transitions occur on Friday, whereas the rule says they should occur on Saturday. The bug is still present in tz93c (the 1993-06-06 version of the time zone code). I looked into the problem, and discovered that zic botches any rule whose ON field is of the form `DAY<=N', where DAY is not Sunday, and where the Nth day of the current year is not DAY. In this case, it acts as if you specified the previous day to DAY. As it happens, the only rules of this form in the database are those of Brazil. For example if you run `zdump -v Brazil/East' you'll see that most of the transitions occur on Friday, but they're all supposed to occur on Saturday. Here is a patch to tz93c. I'm amazed that this bug has never been reported in all these years. Shall we chalk it up to Brazil's strict import restrictions on American software? =================================================================== RCS file: zic.c,v retrieving revision 7.8 retrieving revision 7.8.1.1 diff -c -r7.8 -r7.8.1.1 *** zic.c 1993/06/06 23:31:38 7.8 --- zic.c 1993/06/18 02:58:46 7.8.1.1 *************** *** 1819,1825 **** } else { dayoff = oadd(dayoff, (long) -1); if (--wday < 0) ! wday = LDAYSPERWEEK; --i; } if (i < 0 || i >= len_months[isleap(y)][m]) { --- 1819,1825 ---- } else { dayoff = oadd(dayoff, (long) -1); if (--wday < 0) ! wday = LDAYSPERWEEK - 1; --i; } if (i < 0 || i >= len_months[isleap(y)][m]) {

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automated generation of the Zion rules
by eggert＠twinsun.com June 16, 1993

June 16, 1993

Here's a patch to the Zion rules that gives a program to generate the rules, plus the DST transitions for the years 2010 through 2037. =================================================================== RCS file: asia,v retrieving revision 1.1 retrieving revision 1.2 diff -c -r1.1 -r1.2 *** asia 1992/04/23 17:34:49 1.1 --- asia 1993/06/17 00:04:53 1.2 *************** *** 119,124 **** --- 119,157 ---- # [**] actually Saturday night as the Jewish day commences at nightfall. # [***] the Jewish Lunar New Year. + # From Paul Eggert (June 16, 1993). Ed Reingold and I converted the above + # rules into the following Emacs lisp code. It requires GNU Emacs 19.13 + # or later. If you run the code, the Zion rules will be inserted into + # your Emacs buffer. Reference: ``Calendrical Calculations'' by Nachum + # Dershowitz and Edward M. Reingold, Software--Practice and Experience, + # Volume 20, Number 9 (September, 1990), pages 899-928. + # + # (calendar-for-loop + # year from 1989 to 2037 do + # (let ((dst-starts + # (calendar-gregorian-from-absolute + # (calendar-dayname-on-or-before + # 0 + # (calendar-absolute-from-hebrew + # (list 1 28 (+ year 3760)))))) + # (dst-ends + # (calendar-gregorian-from-absolute + # (calendar-dayname-on-or-before + # 0 + # (- (calendar-absolute-from-hebrew (list 7 1 (+ year 3761))) 3))))) + # (insert (format "Rule\tZion\t%d\tonly\t-\t%3s\t%2d\t0:00\t1:00\tD\n" + # year + # (substring + # (calendar-month-name (extract-calendar-month dst-starts)) + # 0 3) + # (extract-calendar-day dst-starts))) + # (insert (format "Rule\tZion\t%d\tonly\t-\t%3s\t%2d\t0:00\t0:00\tS\n" + # year + # (substring + # (calendar-month-name (extract-calendar-month dst-ends)) + # 0 3) + # (extract-calendar-day dst-ends))))) + # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S Rule Zion 1989 only - Apr 30 0:00 1:00 D Rule Zion 1989 only - Sep 24 0:00 0:00 S *************** *** 162,167 **** --- 195,256 ---- Rule Zion 2008 only - Sep 21 0:00 0:00 S Rule Zion 2009 only - Apr 19 0:00 1:00 D Rule Zion 2009 only - Sep 13 0:00 0:00 S + Rule Zion 2010 only - Apr 11 0:00 1:00 D + Rule Zion 2010 only - Sep 5 0:00 0:00 S + Rule Zion 2011 only - May 1 0:00 1:00 D + Rule Zion 2011 only - Sep 25 0:00 0:00 S + Rule Zion 2012 only - Apr 15 0:00 1:00 D + Rule Zion 2012 only - Sep 9 0:00 0:00 S + Rule Zion 2013 only - Apr 7 0:00 1:00 D + Rule Zion 2013 only - Sep 1 0:00 0:00 S + Rule Zion 2014 only - Apr 27 0:00 1:00 D + Rule Zion 2014 only - Sep 21 0:00 0:00 S + Rule Zion 2015 only - Apr 12 0:00 1:00 D + Rule Zion 2015 only - Sep 6 0:00 0:00 S + Rule Zion 2016 only - May 1 0:00 1:00 D + Rule Zion 2016 only - Sep 25 0:00 0:00 S + Rule Zion 2017 only - Apr 23 0:00 1:00 D + Rule Zion 2017 only - Sep 17 0:00 0:00 S + Rule Zion 2018 only - Apr 8 0:00 1:00 D + Rule Zion 2018 only - Sep 2 0:00 0:00 S + Rule Zion 2019 only - Apr 28 0:00 1:00 D + Rule Zion 2019 only - Sep 22 0:00 0:00 S + Rule Zion 2020 only - Apr 19 0:00 1:00 D + Rule Zion 2020 only - Sep 13 0:00 0:00 S + Rule Zion 2021 only - Apr 4 0:00 1:00 D + Rule Zion 2021 only - Aug 29 0:00 0:00 S + Rule Zion 2022 only - Apr 24 0:00 1:00 D + Rule Zion 2022 only - Sep 18 0:00 0:00 S + Rule Zion 2023 only - Apr 16 0:00 1:00 D + Rule Zion 2023 only - Sep 10 0:00 0:00 S + Rule Zion 2024 only - May 5 0:00 1:00 D + Rule Zion 2024 only - Sep 29 0:00 0:00 S + Rule Zion 2025 only - Apr 20 0:00 1:00 D + Rule Zion 2025 only - Sep 14 0:00 0:00 S + Rule Zion 2026 only - Apr 12 0:00 1:00 D + Rule Zion 2026 only - Sep 6 0:00 0:00 S + Rule Zion 2027 only - May 2 0:00 1:00 D + Rule Zion 2027 only - Sep 26 0:00 0:00 S + Rule Zion 2028 only - Apr 23 0:00 1:00 D + Rule Zion 2028 only - Sep 17 0:00 0:00 S + Rule Zion 2029 only - Apr 8 0:00 1:00 D + Rule Zion 2029 only - Sep 2 0:00 0:00 S + Rule Zion 2030 only - Apr 28 0:00 1:00 D + Rule Zion 2030 only - Sep 22 0:00 0:00 S + Rule Zion 2031 only - Apr 20 0:00 1:00 D + Rule Zion 2031 only - Sep 14 0:00 0:00 S + Rule Zion 2032 only - Apr 4 0:00 1:00 D + Rule Zion 2032 only - Aug 29 0:00 0:00 S + Rule Zion 2033 only - Apr 24 0:00 1:00 D + Rule Zion 2033 only - Sep 18 0:00 0:00 S + Rule Zion 2034 only - Apr 16 0:00 1:00 D + Rule Zion 2034 only - Sep 10 0:00 0:00 S + Rule Zion 2035 only - May 6 0:00 1:00 D + Rule Zion 2035 only - Sep 30 0:00 0:00 S + Rule Zion 2036 only - Apr 20 0:00 1:00 D + Rule Zion 2036 only - Sep 14 0:00 0:00 S + Rule Zion 2037 only - Apr 12 0:00 1:00 D + Rule Zion 2037 only - Sep 6 0:00 0:00 S # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES/SAVE FORMAT [UNTIL] Zone Israel 2:00 Zion I%sT

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time zone survey
by ado June 11, 1993

June 11, 1993

Attached are results from a casual time zone survey. Last week I ran through the news articles on nih-csl.dcrt.nih.gov (the nntp newsfeed system for elsie.nci.nih.gov) getting the "Date: " and "Message-ID: " line from each article. Article file names were obtained from the news history file to ensure that any cross-posted articles would only be used once. I tossed out data with unzoned time stamps, data without a recognizable domained system name in the Message-ID, and data from ".com" sites. This left 17,912 date/name pairs. I massaged the data into the form... 05210205 (AEST) megalink.apana.org.au 05010053 +0000 compex.e-burg.su ...where the first field gives two digits each of month, day, hour, and minute from the Date, the second field gives the time zone that appeared in the Date, and the third field is the system name from the Message-ID. This data is available in the file ~ftp/pub/zonesurvey on elsie.nci.nih.gov (128.231.16.1). Eighty-nine different zones showed up (sorted alphabetically here): (AEST) +0000 +0001 +0100 +02 +0200 +0300 +0400 +0500 +0530 +0600 +0611 +0700 +0730 +0800 +0930 +1 +1000 +1100 +1200 +1300 +1700 -0000 -0100 -0300 -0400 -0500 -0520 -0600 -0700 -0800 -1 -1000 -1200 -600 ACST ADT AEST AET ARG AST BSC BST CDT CED CEST CET CST DST EDT EDZ EET EMT EST GMT GMT+01 GMT+0200 GMT+1 GMT+12 GMT+1200 GMT+2 IDT IST JST LCL MDT MED MES MEST MESZ MET MEWT MEZ MST NDT NZDT NZST PDT PST SGP TUR TZONE U UT WET WET+0100 WST XDT Y The number of times each zone showed up (sorted by number of times here): 3820 -0400 1925 EDT 1902 -0500 994 EST 919 -0700 913 CDT 748 +0000 690 +0200 664 CST 655 PDT 621 +0100 583 -0600 499 +1000 467 MDT 398 PST 275 +1200 211 BST 170 +0001 153 MET 138 -0800 135 MST 123 +0300 116 CET 98 +0800 97 -0300 53 +0400 51 +0930 45 -0100 36 +1300 35 WET 33 -0000 27 UT 23 ACST 22 MEZ 22 NZST 20 +1700 20 GMT+12 17 IDT 16 TUR 14 MESZ 9 +02 8 MEST 8 WET+0100 7 +0600 7 CED 7 CEST 7 LCL 6 AET 6 DST 6 EET 6 EMT 5 AST 5 GMT 5 GMT+01 5 GMT+0200 5 U 4 -1000 4 IST 3 +0700 3 +1100 3 -0520 3 -1200 3 -600 3 EDZ 3 TZONE 3 Y 2 ADT 2 ARG 2 BSC 2 GMT+1200 2 MED 2 MES 2 SGP 1 (AEST) 1 +0500 1 +0530 1 +0611 1 +0730 1 +1 1 -1 1 AEST 1 GMT+1 1 GMT+2 1 JST 1 MEWT 1 NDT 1 NZDT 1 WST 1 XDT Aside from the 51 "+0930" articles from Australia, only four "oddball" numeric time zones show up, and each of them only shows up from one system (the Date and system name from the original data are shown here): 3 -0520 Wed, 2 Jun 93 22:22:00 -0520 freddy.ampr.ab.ca Thu, 3 Jun 93 20:08:00 -0520 freddy.ampr.ab.ca Sat, 5 Jun 93 16:05:00 -0520 freddy.ampr.ab.ca 1 +0530 1 Jun 93 15:30:55 +0530 imtech.ernet.in 1 +0611 Wed, 02 Jun 93 16:08:33 +0611 trashcan.hacktic.nl 1 +0730 6 Jun 1993 08:25:56 +0730 news.Colorado.EDU Time zone abbrevations that show up in tzdata93c.tar.Z files: ADT Atlantic Daylight Time AST Atlantic Standard Time BST British Standard Time CDT Central Daylight Time CET Central European Time CST Central Standard Time EDT Eastern Daylight Time EET Eastern European Time EST Eastern Standard Time IDT Israeli Daylight Time IST Israeli Standard Time JST Japanese Standard Time MDT Mountain Daylight Time MET Middle European Time MST Mountain Standard Time NZDT New Zealand Daylight Time NZST New Zealand Standard Time PDT Pacific Daylight Time PST Pacific Standard Time WET Western European Time WST Western Standard Time Time zone abbreviations that are fairly clear are: (AEST) Australian Eastern Standard Time (used only by one system) Fri, 21 May 93 02:05:36 (AEST) megalink.apana.org.au ACST Australian Central Standard Time 21 May 93 13:18:16 ACST state.systems.sa.gov.au Tue, 25 May 93 13:27:42 ACST cola.pax.tpa.com.au ... 4 Jun 93 00:47:42 ACST state.systems.sa.gov.au Sun, 06 Jun 93 19:13:17 ACST cola.pax.tpa.com.au AEST Australian Eastern Standard Time Fri, 04 Jun 93 21:47:10 AEST ese.escape.brisnet.org.au AET Australian Eastern Time (used only by one system) 10 May 93 08:50:04 AET licre.ludwig.edu.au 27 May 93 19:00:11 AET licre.ludwig.edu.au 28 May 93 12:46:13 AET licre.ludwig.edu.au 1 Jun 93 08:46:51 AET licre.ludwig.edu.au 1 Jun 93 09:02:16 AET licre.ludwig.edu.au 7 Jun 93 14:52:39 AET licre.ludwig.edu.au CED Central European Daylight 28 Apr 93 21:00:06 CED alphanet.alphanet.ch 27 May 93 22:53:59 CED sourcery.han.de 28 May 93 18:36:06 CED sourcery.han.de 1 Jun 93 22:16:54 CED sourcery.han.de 1 Jun 93 22:22:52 CED sourcery.han.de 1 Jun 93 22:45:24 CED sourcery.han.de 2 Jun 93 21:05:10 CED sourcery.han.de CEST Central European Standard Time Tue, 25 May 93 07:26:34 CEST obula.nbg.sub.org Tue, 25 May 93 15:58:02 CEST obula.nbg.sub.org Wed, 26 May 93 12:46:27 CEST obula.nbg.sub.org Tue, 01 Jun 93 11:18:35 CEST obula.nbg.sub.org Wed, 02 Jun 93 08:42:25 CEST obula.nbg.sub.org Fri, 04 Jun 1993 17:45:26 CEST oktagon.rd.sub.org Sun, 06 Jun 93 20:44:27 CEST scrum.greenie.muc.de MED Middle European Daylight (used only by one system) 3 Jun 93 00:17:24 MED lifestyle.rhein-main.de 6 Jun 93 12:27:48 MED lifestyle.rhein-main.de MES Middle European Standard (used only by one system) Sat, 22 May 93 12:46:44 MES wolferts.ka.sub.org Sun, 06 Jun 93 15:05:50 MES wolferts.ka.sub.org MESZ Middle European Standard Zone Tue, 25 May 1993 17:49:06 MESZ email.tuwien.ac.at Wed, 26 May 1993 12:12:26 MESZ gwdu14.gwdg.de Wed, 26 May 93 14:03:58 MESZ lbl.gov Fri, 28 May 1993 00:02:42 MESZ nasim.sta.sub.org Fri, 28 May 1993 00:03:34 MESZ nasim.sta.sub.org Fri, 28 May 1993 00:04:26 MESZ nasim.sta.sub.org Fri, 28 May 1993 00:12:50 MESZ nasim.sta.sub.org Fri, 28 May 1993 00:13:56 MESZ nasim.sta.sub.org Fri, 28 May 1993 00:15:10 MESZ nasim.sta.sub.org Sat, 29 May 1993 01:30:40 MESZ nasim.sta.sub.org Tue, 01 Jun 1993 00:46:06 MESZ nasim.sta.sub.org Thu, 03 Jun 93 10:48:04 MESZ aie.wu-wien.ac.at Fri, 4 Jun 93 10:56:33 MESZ exaib.wu-wien.ac.at Fri, 4 Jun 93 11:06:41 MESZ exaib.wu-wien.ac.at MEST Middle European Standard Time Tue, 25 May 93 12:45:47 MEST xivic.bo.open.de Tue, 25 May 93 14:20:53 MEST xivic.bo.open.de Tue, 25 May 93 14:48:22 MEST xivic.bo.open.de Wed, 26 May 93 23:22:22 MEST joker.wes.open.de Sat, 29 May 1993 18:22:55 MEST netmbx.netmbx.de Sat, 29 May 1993 18:21:07 MEST netmbx.netmbx.de Sun, 30 May 1993 12:57:21 MEST netmbx.netmbx.de Tue, 1 Jun 1993 21:51:09 MEST netmbx.netmbx.de MEZ Middle European Zone (used primarily in Germany) Mon, 10 May 93 20:47:50 MEZ rhrz.uni-bonn.de Wed, 26 May 93 12:59:57 MEZ vm.univie.ac.at ... Sun, 06 Jun 1993 14:32:28 MEZ sartar.toppoint.de Sun, 06 Jun 1993 18:37:50 MEZ sartar.toppoint.de UT Universal Time (used only by one system) 29 May 1993 21:14 UT kelvin.jpl.nasa.gov 31 May 1993 15:40 UT kelvin.jpl.nasa.gov ... 3 Jun 1993 21:36 UT kelvin.jpl.nasa.gov 4 Jun 1993 00:20 UT kelvin.jpl.nasa.gov WET+0100 Western European Time+0100 8 Apr 93 15:00:02 WET+0100 ittpub.nl 1 Jun 93 19:26:08 WET+0100 ittpub.nl 2 Jun 93 16:17:13 WET+0100 ittpub.nl 2 Jun 93 20:24:36 WET+0100 ittpub.nl 4 Jun 93 13:32:33 WET+0100 ittpub.nl 4 Jun 93 13:39:50 WET+0100 ittpub.nl 4 Jun 93 13:47:53 WET+0100 ittpub.nl 4 Jun 93 14:08:22 WET+0100 ittpub.nl Time zone abbreviations that are guesswork are: ARG Argentina? Tue, 25 May 93 12:46:21 ARG satlink.net Thu, 27 May 93 07:36:01 ARG satlink.net BSC ? Tue, 25 May 1993 10:51:05 BSC FINHUTC.HUT.FI Tue, 1 Jun 1993 11:57:00 BSC brfapesp.bitnet DST Daylight Saving Time? Thu, 27 May 93 11:00:24 DST cmrra.ca Thu, 27 May 93 23:31:02 DST cmrra.ca Fri, 28 May 93 17:26:14 DST cmrra.ca Sat, 29 May 93 16:48:42 DST cmrra.ca Sat, 29 May 93 16:54:30 DST cmrra.ca Sun, 30 May 93 14:38:30 DST cmrra.ca EDZ ? Mon, 31 May 93 18:14:42 EDZ wship.nullnet.fi Fri, 04 Jun 93 20:41:41 EDZ swob.nullnet.fi Fri, 04 Jun 93 20:53:45 EDZ swob.nullnet.fi EMT ? 28 Apr 1993 12:08:23 EMT alf.uib.no 29 Apr 1993 11:15:44 EMT alf.uib.no 29 Apr 1993 11:17:15 EMT alf.uib.no 28 May 1993 17:56:54 EMT alf.uib.no 1 Jun 1993 19:43:42 EMT alf.uib.no 3 Jun 1993 18:09:42 EMT alf.uib.no MEWT ? 12 May 93 07:41:03 MEWT mble.philips.be LCL LoCaL time? Tue, 1 Jun 1993 09:18:43 LCL kona.cc.mcgill.ca Wed, 2 Jun 1993 07:48:00 LCL mp.cs.niu.edu Wed, 2 Jun 1993 13:44:00 LCL mp.cs.niu.edu Thu, 3 Jun 1993 09:33:00 LCL oas2-tic.safb.af.mil Thu, 3 Jun 1993 08:25:39 LCL grouse.umesve.maine.edu Fri, 4 Jun 1993 20:09:05 LCL CUVMB.COLUMBIA.EDU Fri, 4 Jun 1993 20:19:59 LCL CUVMB.COLUMBIA.EDU NDT ? Tue, 25 May 1993 15:39:29 NDT UBVM.CC.BUFFALO.EDU SGP ? Mon, 31 May 93 15:43:36 SGP uwm.edu Fri, 4 Jun 93 10:20:26 SGP uwm.edu TUR Turkey? Wednesday, 5 May 1993 23:23:11 TUR TRMETU.BITNET Wednesday, 26 May 1993 09:03:58 TUR TRMETU.BITNET Wednesday, 26 May 1993 09:05:39 TUR TRMETU.BITNET Wednesday, 26 May 1993 09:06:26 TUR TRMETU.BITNET Wednesday, 26 May 1993 20:47:38 TUR TRMETU.BITNET Thursday, 27 May 1993 10:15:14 TUR TRMETU.BITNET Thursday, 27 May 1993 12:28:59 TUR TREARN.BITNET Thursday, 27 May 1993 13:20:19 TUR TRMETU.BITNET Thursday, 27 May 1993 15:20:12 TUR TRMETU.BITNET Friday, 28 May 1993 11:01:42 TUR TREARN.BITNET Friday, 28 May 1993 12:53:52 TUR TRMETU.BITNET Sunday, 30 May 1993 12:15:24 TUR TREARN.BITNET Saturday, 29 May 1993 12:46:01 TUR TRMETU.BITNET Monday, 31 May 1993 21:44:49 TUR TRMETU.BITNET Saturday, 5 Jun 1993 18:30:45 TUR TREARN.BITNET Sunday, 6 Jun 1993 13:14:56 TUR TREARN.BITNET TZONE ? Mon, 31 May 1993 05:01:19 TZONE VAXF.COLORADO.EDU Wed, 2 Jun 1993 19:59:49 TZONE carson.u.washington.edu Fri, 4 Jun 1993 09:21:33 TZONE sunburn.uwaterloo.ca XDT ? Tue, 25 May 1993 10:20:55 XDT sfanet.nrl.navy.mil The results make me think there's little prospect of discovering useful time zone information (in particular, time transitions that don't already show up in tzdata93c.tar.Z) from running through news articles; someone with an account on a site that does extensive archiving of news might prove me wrong. --ado

2 1

Re: time zone survey
by guy＠auspex.com June 10, 1993

June 10, 1993

> (Yes, in SysV the file has to be changed every > year again. And SGI shows no inclination to change.) Actually, I think SVR4 includes the Olson code, although I don't think all SVR4.0 systems supply the Olson files. However, I infer from one of Eric Raymond's lists of SVR4 bugs that SVR4.2 does supply the Olson files *and* uses Olson-style timezone specifications (":" followed by the time zone file name) by default. (The bug was that SVR4.0 binaries allegedly don't work with SVR4.2 time zone names, an example of which was given as "US/Eastern" or something such as that; that seems a *tad* bizarre, as if SVR4.0 has the Olson code, SVR4.0 statically-linked binaries should be able to handle Olson-style names, and SVR4.0 dynamically-linked binaries should use SVR4.2 shared libraries and should thus also be able to handle them. Perhaps the bug was that SVR3.x binaries don't handle Olson-style names.) SVR4 uses "/etc/TIMEZONE", but you can set TZ to ":MET" and you shouldn't have to change it every year. (Also, SVR4 should also support POSIX-style TZ settings, which should allow you to put in a value that doesn't require periodic updates *if* your locale's DST rules are sufficiently "regular" that they can be encoded in the TZ setting. I don't know which SVR3.x systems, if any, supported that.) If, as, and when IRIX goes to an SVR4 base, they should probably pick up the Olson code with it.

1 0

Re: time zone survey
by Dik.Winter＠cwi.nl June 10, 1993

June 10, 1993

> Attached are results from a casual time zone survey. An interesting survey. > I tossed out data with unzoned time stamps, data without a recognizable > domained system name in the Message-ID, and data from ".com" sites. Why did you toss out data from ".com" sites? > 1 +0530 > 1 Jun 93 15:30:55 +0530 imtech.ernet.in This might be a valid one. It is apparently from India which lives around +5 and +6. > 1 +0611 > Wed, 02 Jun 93 16:08:33 +0611 trashcan.hacktic.nl This one is definitely invalid. Most probably a PC hooked up to hacktic (a public access system in the Netherlands). Probably the owner did set it up wrong. > 1 +0730 > 6 Jun 1993 08:25:56 +0730 news.Colorado.EDU Ha! If even Colorado.Edu cannot get it correct! ;-). > MESZ Middle European Standard Zone Probably "Mittel Europ"aische Standard Zeit". > MEZ Middle European Zone (used primarily in Germany) "Mittel Europ"aische Zeit". And yes, primarily german speaking countries. > BSC ? > Tue, 25 May 1993 10:51:05 BSC FINHUTC.HUT.FI > Tue, 1 Jun 1993 11:57:00 BSC brfapesp.bitnet These two are definitely not in the same timezone. One is in Finland, one in Brazil. > TUR Turkey? Probably yes. All sites are in Turkey. > The results make me think there's little prospect of discovering useful > time zone information (in particular, time transitions that don't already > show up in tzdata93c.tar.Z) from running through news articles; someone > with an account on a site that does extensive archiving of news might prove > me wrong. I think there is no prospect at all. And it will grow worse. In the case of the "hacktic.nl" machine we see that we have a single machine that is configured wrong. I think more of this kind of machines will emerge. They do not care what time the system runs on, as long as it is internally consistent (and even that is not needed at all times). Time transitions especially will be a problem, and it will continue to be a problem. At our institute during the transition to DST all Suns (which use your package) switched on time, but all SGI's (using SysV's method) did not. The system administrator simply had forgotten to update the file that contained timezone information (/etc/TIMEZONE) and it took a few days before somebody noticed. (Yes, in SysV the file has to be changed every year again. And SGI shows no inclination to change.) So I think nobody will prove you wrong.

1 0

Re: "32 time zones"
by Amos Shapir June 9, 1993

June 9, 1993

> I don't know about any zones with > three-quarter hour offsets, but would like to know what they are. >From the same usno1989 file (which is outdated and contains errors, but seems to be the most comprehensive source we have): NEPAL 5H45M AHEAD OF UTC NEW ZEALAND 12H45M AHEAD OF UTC CHATHAM ISLAND In the Rand-McNally atlas there are a few other Pacific islands with 40 mins offsets, all of which appear as full or half-hour zones in the file; it also lists Nepal at GMT+5:40 and Liberia as -0:44 (yes, forty four) -- makes sense since Monrovia is at exactly 11 degrees west, but probably outdated too. Amos Shapir Net: amos(a)cs.huji.ac.il Paper: The Hebrew Univ. of Jerusalem, Dept. of Comp. Science. Givat-Ram, Jerusalem 91904, Israel Tel: +972 2 585706 GEO: 35 11 46 E / 31 46 21 N

2 1

"32 time zones"
by ado June 8, 1993

June 8, 1993

Our society has created a fictional time system of 32 time zones (24 one-hour offsets and several more half-hour and three-quarter hour offsets). --Tognazzini, Bruce (tog(a)eng.sun.com) "Tog on Interface: The Myth of Precision", Sun World, volume 6, number 7 (June, 1993), page 100. A grep in /usr/lib/zoneinfo/* on a SunOS 4.1.1 system failed to show up eight oddball time zones (see attached). Does anyone know of the origin for the "32" time zones? --ado

3 3

Re: "32 time zones"
by tog＠cloud9.Eng.Sun.COM June 8, 1993

June 8, 1993

Well, so much for my books are better than computers theory. Still and all, I can think of no atlas that would manage to tell one person there were 24 zones and another person there were 40 zones. We have a long way to go not only in information storage, but in responsive retrieval. -Tog > From amos(a)cs.huji.ac.il Tue Jun 8 07:02:26 1993 > To: ado(a)bossie.nci.nih.gov (Arthur David Olson) > Subject: Re: "32 time zones" > Cc: tog@Eng, tz(a)bossie.nci.nih.gov > Content-Length: 579 > X-Lines: 13 > > Well, you didn't grep hard enough; I just did: > > grep '[.H][0-9]' /usr/share/lib/zoneinfo/usno1989 > > And got 11 part-hour zones, 3 of which apply DST which can be also counted as > separate timezones; plus Russia's East Siberia zone which is 13 hours ahead of > GMT and 14 with DST. In total, we have 24+12+4 or 40 time zones, 36 of which > are in use somewhere at any given time. > > Amos Shapir Net: amos(a)cs.huji.ac.il > Paper: The Hebrew Univ. of Jerusalem, Dept. of Comp. Science. > Givat-Ram, Jerusalem 91904, Israel > Tel: +972 2 585706 GEO: 35 11 46 E / 31 46 21 N >

1 0

Re: "32 time zones"
by tog＠cloud9.Eng.Sun.COM June 8, 1993

June 8, 1993

Try any (printed) atlas. Or wait until the next century when computers just barely begin to catch up with where printed matter was 300 years ago. Grepping indeed! -Tog > From ado(a)bossie.nci.nih.gov Tue Jun 8 06:40:56 1993 > To: amos(a)cs.huji.ac.il, tog@Eng, tz(a)bossie.nci.nih.gov > Subject: "32 time zones" > Content-Length: 481 > X-Lines: 13 > > Our society has created a fictional time system of 32 time zones > (24 one-hour offsets and several more half-hour and three-quarter > hour offsets). > > --Tognazzini, Bruce (tog(a)eng.sun.com) "Tog on Interface: > The Myth of Precision", Sun World, volume 6, number 7 > (June, 1993), page 100. > > A grep in /usr/lib/zoneinfo/* on a SunOS 4.1.1 system failed to show up eight > oddball time zones (see attached). Does anyone know of the origin for the > "32" time zones? > > --ado >

1 0

Re: "32 time zones"
by Amos Shapir June 8, 1993

June 8, 1993

Well, you didn't grep hard enough; I just did: grep '[.H][0-9]' /usr/share/lib/zoneinfo/usno1989 And got 11 part-hour zones, 3 of which apply DST which can be also counted as separate timezones; plus Russia's East Siberia zone which is 13 hours ahead of GMT and 14 with DST. In total, we have 24+12+4 or 40 time zones, 36 of which are in use somewhere at any given time. Amos Shapir Net: amos(a)cs.huji.ac.il Paper: The Hebrew Univ. of Jerusalem, Dept. of Comp. Science. Givat-Ram, Jerusalem 91904, Israel Tel: +972 2 585706 GEO: 35 11 46 E / 31 46 21 N

1 0

tzcode93c.tar.Z and tzdata93c.tar.Z
by ado June 6, 1993

June 6, 1993

The latest versions of the time zone stuff are available in the files tzcode93c.tar.Z and tzdata93c.tar.Z in the ~ftp/pub directory on elsie.nci.nih.gov (128.231.16.1). --ado

1 0

Revised draft strftime.c
by ado May 30, 1993

May 30, 1993

An updated draft is available on elsie.nci.nih.gov as ~ftp/pub/draft-strftime.tar.Z, which includes strftime.c and the header files it references. The draft version incorporates the shift to use of sprintf to generate output. This makes the code simpler; it may irk folks who get the standard input/output library dragged in when they call strftime. The handling of "%D" and "%x" have been separated so that they can be changed independently. Right now they're still treated identically in the code; comments have been added giving other possibilities for "%x" handling. The worry is that some piece of code out there is counting on the current "%x" behavior and will break if it is changed. (Yes, counting on "%x" behavior is worng.) As always, any comments are welcome. --ado

1 0

more on ISO date format
by eggert＠spot.twinsun.com May 30, 1993

May 30, 1993

I did some more research on ISO date format, and discovered that the ISO 2014 standard has been superseded by ISO 8601:1988. The date format hasn't changed, however. You can find a summary of ISO 8601:1988 in ftp.uni-erlangen.de:pub/doc/ISO/english/ISO8601.ps.Z.

1 0

Re: proposed changes to strftime.c
by ado May 29, 1993

May 29, 1993

> Use ISO standard date format for %x; this is more appropriate than the > American date format, which confuses non-Americans. Especially for > dates like 01/02/03; the ISO date 2003-01-02 is much clearer for > everybody, and it sorts correctly too. Does "ISO standard date format" hear mean that YYYY-MM-DD is what the ISO version of the C language standard requires, or does it mean something else? --ado

2 1

strftime.c tuneups
by eggert＠twinsun.com May 25, 1993

May 25, 1993

Here are a couple of performance tuneups for strftime.c. 1. Instead of using arrays of pointers to arrays of chars, use two-dimensional arrays of chars, since the sizes are all known. This tends to use less space (since you don't need to store the pointers) and time (since you don't need to indirect through them. 2. Instead of passing around a pointer and pointer to size, incrementing the former and decrementing the latter indirectly, just pass around a pointer and its limit. That way, you can avoid the extra indirection and decrementation. These two changes lop 10% off the code size (sparc, GCC 2.4.0 with -O2). Here's a patch, which assumes my previous patch was applied. *** draft-strftime1.c Tue May 25 11:28:38 1993 --- draft-strftime2.c Tue May 25 21:07:08 1993 *************** *** 32,56 **** #include "private.h" #include "tzfile.h" ! static const char * const afmt[] = { "Sun", "Mon", "Tue", "Wed", "Thu", "Fri", "Sat" }; ! static const char * const Afmt[] = { "Sunday", "Monday", "Tuesday", "Wednesday", "Thursday", "Friday", "Saturday" }; ! static const char * const bfmt[] = { "Jan", "Feb", "Mar", "Apr", "May", "Jun", "Jul", "Aug", "Sep", "Oct", "Nov", "Dec" }; ! static const char * const Bfmt[] = { "January", "February", "March", "April", "May", "June", "July", "August", "September", "October", "November", "December" }; ! static char *_add P((const char *, size_t *, char *)); ! static char *_conv P((int, const char *, size_t *, char *)); ! static char *_fmt P((const char *, const struct tm *, size_t *, char *)); size_t strftime P((char *, size_t, const char *, const struct tm *)); --- 32,56 ---- #include "private.h" #include "tzfile.h" ! static const char afmt[][4] = { "Sun", "Mon", "Tue", "Wed", "Thu", "Fri", "Sat" }; ! static const char Afmt[][10] = { "Sunday", "Monday", "Tuesday", "Wednesday", "Thursday", "Friday", "Saturday" }; ! static const char bfmt[][4] = { "Jan", "Feb", "Mar", "Apr", "May", "Jun", "Jul", "Aug", "Sep", "Oct", "Nov", "Dec" }; ! static const char Bfmt[][10] = { "January", "February", "March", "April", "May", "June", "July", "August", "September", "October", "November", "December" }; ! static char *_add P((const char *, char *, const char *)); ! static char *_conv P((int, const char *, char *, const char *)); ! static char *_fmt P((const char *, const struct tm *, char *, const char *)); size_t strftime P((char *, size_t, const char *, const struct tm *)); *************** *** 61,82 **** const char *format; const struct tm *t; { ! size_t gsize; ! gsize = maxsize; ! s = _fmt(format, t, &gsize, s); ! if (gsize <= 0) return 0; ! *s = '\0'; ! return maxsize - gsize; } static char * ! _fmt(format, t, gsizep, pt) const char *format; const struct tm *t; - size_t *gsizep; char *pt; { for (; *format; ++format) { if (*format == '%') { --- 61,81 ---- const char *format; const struct tm *t; { ! char *p; ! p = _fmt(format, t, s, s + maxsize); ! if (p == s + maxsize) return 0; ! *p = '\0'; ! return p - s; } static char * ! _fmt(format, t, pt, ptlim) const char *format; const struct tm *t; char *pt; + const char *ptlim; { for (; *format; ++format) { if (*format == '%') { *************** *** 87,109 **** break; case 'A': pt = _add((t->tm_wday < 0 || t->tm_wday > 6) ? ! "?" : Afmt[t->tm_wday], gsizep, pt); continue; case 'a': pt = _add((t->tm_wday < 0 || t->tm_wday > 6) ? ! "?" : afmt[t->tm_wday], gsizep, pt); continue; case 'B': pt = _add((t->tm_mon < 0 || t->tm_mon > 11) ? ! "?" : Bfmt[t->tm_mon], gsizep, pt); continue; case 'b': case 'h': pt = _add((t->tm_mon < 0 || t->tm_mon > 11) ? ! "?" : bfmt[t->tm_mon], gsizep, pt); continue; case 'c': ! pt = _fmt("%D %X", t, gsizep, pt); continue; case 'C': /* --- 86,108 ---- break; case 'A': pt = _add((t->tm_wday < 0 || t->tm_wday > 6) ? ! "?" : Afmt[t->tm_wday], pt, ptlim); continue; case 'a': pt = _add((t->tm_wday < 0 || t->tm_wday > 6) ? ! "?" : afmt[t->tm_wday], pt, ptlim); continue; case 'B': pt = _add((t->tm_mon < 0 || t->tm_mon > 11) ? ! "?" : Bfmt[t->tm_mon], pt, ptlim); continue; case 'b': case 'h': pt = _add((t->tm_mon < 0 || t->tm_mon > 11) ? ! "?" : bfmt[t->tm_mon], pt, ptlim); continue; case 'c': ! pt = _fmt("%D %X", t, pt, ptlim); continue; case 'C': /* *************** *** 114,120 **** ** (ado, 5/24/93) */ pt = _conv((t->tm_year + TM_YEAR_BASE) / 100, ! "%02d", gsizep, pt); continue; case 'D': case 'x': --- 113,119 ---- ** (ado, 5/24/93) */ pt = _conv((t->tm_year + TM_YEAR_BASE) / 100, ! "%02d", pt, ptlim); continue; case 'D': case 'x': *************** *** 129,138 **** ** numbers (as here) makes Quakers happier. ** This is the ISO standard date format. */ ! pt = _fmt("%Y-%m-%d", t, gsizep, pt); continue; case 'd': ! pt = _conv(t->tm_mday, "%02d", gsizep, pt); continue; case 'E': case 'O': --- 128,137 ---- ** numbers (as here) makes Quakers happier. ** This is the ISO standard date format. */ ! pt = _fmt("%Y-%m-%d", t, pt, ptlim); continue; case 'd': ! pt = _conv(t->tm_mday, "%02d", pt, ptlim); continue; case 'E': case 'O': *************** *** 149,166 **** */ goto label; case 'e': ! pt = _conv(t->tm_mday, "%2d", gsizep, pt); continue; case 'H': ! pt = _conv(t->tm_hour, "%02d", gsizep, pt); continue; case 'I': pt = _conv((t->tm_hour % 12) ? (t->tm_hour % 12) : 12, ! "%02d", gsizep, pt); continue; case 'j': ! pt = _conv(t->tm_yday + 1, "%03d", gsizep, pt); continue; case 'k': /* --- 148,165 ---- */ goto label; case 'e': ! pt = _conv(t->tm_mday, "%2d", pt, ptlim); continue; case 'H': ! pt = _conv(t->tm_hour, "%02d", pt, ptlim); continue; case 'I': pt = _conv((t->tm_hour % 12) ? (t->tm_hour % 12) : 12, ! "%02d", pt, ptlim); continue; case 'j': ! pt = _conv(t->tm_yday + 1, "%03d", pt, ptlim); continue; case 'k': /* *************** *** 173,186 **** ** "%l" have been swapped. ** (ado, 5/24/93) */ ! pt = _conv(t->tm_hour, "%2d", gsizep, pt); continue; #ifdef KITCHEN_SINK case 'K': /* ** After all this time, still unclaimed! */ ! pt = _add("kitchen sink", gsizep, pt); continue; #endif /* defined KITCHEN_SINK */ case 'l': --- 172,185 ---- ** "%l" have been swapped. ** (ado, 5/24/93) */ ! pt = _conv(t->tm_hour, "%2d", pt, ptlim); continue; #ifdef KITCHEN_SINK case 'K': /* ** After all this time, still unclaimed! */ ! pt = _add("kitchen sink", pt, ptlim); continue; #endif /* defined KITCHEN_SINK */ case 'l': *************** *** 195,234 **** */ pt = _conv((t->tm_hour % 12) ? (t->tm_hour % 12) : 12, ! "%2d", gsizep, pt); continue; case 'M': ! pt = _conv(t->tm_min, "%02d", gsizep, pt); continue; case 'm': ! pt = _conv(t->tm_mon + 1, "%02d", gsizep, pt); continue; case 'n': ! pt = _add("\n", gsizep, pt); continue; case 'p': pt = _add(t->tm_hour >= 12 ? "PM" : "AM", ! gsizep, pt); continue; case 'R': ! pt = _fmt("%H:%M", t, gsizep, pt); continue; case 'r': ! pt = _fmt("%I:%M:%S %p", t, gsizep, pt); continue; case 'S': ! pt = _conv(t->tm_sec, "%02d", gsizep, pt); continue; case 'T': case 'X': ! pt = _fmt("%H:%M:%S", t, gsizep, pt); continue; case 't': ! pt = _add("\t", gsizep, pt); continue; case 'U': pt = _conv((t->tm_yday + 7 - t->tm_wday) / 7, ! "%02d", gsizep, pt); continue; case 'u': /* --- 194,233 ---- */ pt = _conv((t->tm_hour % 12) ? (t->tm_hour % 12) : 12, ! "%2d", pt, ptlim); continue; case 'M': ! pt = _conv(t->tm_min, "%02d", pt, ptlim); continue; case 'm': ! pt = _conv(t->tm_mon + 1, "%02d", pt, ptlim); continue; case 'n': ! pt = _add("\n", pt, ptlim); continue; case 'p': pt = _add(t->tm_hour >= 12 ? "PM" : "AM", ! pt, ptlim); continue; case 'R': ! pt = _fmt("%H:%M", t, pt, ptlim); continue; case 'r': ! pt = _fmt("%I:%M:%S %p", t, pt, ptlim); continue; case 'S': ! pt = _conv(t->tm_sec, "%02d", pt, ptlim); continue; case 'T': case 'X': ! pt = _fmt("%H:%M:%S", t, pt, ptlim); continue; case 't': ! pt = _add("\t", pt, ptlim); continue; case 'U': pt = _conv((t->tm_yday + 7 - t->tm_wday) / 7, ! "%02d", pt, ptlim); continue; case 'u': /* *************** *** 238,244 **** ** (ado, 5/24/93) */ pt = _conv((t->tm_wday == 0) ? 7 : t->tm_wday, ! "%d", gsizep, pt); continue; case 'V': /* --- 237,243 ---- ** (ado, 5/24/93) */ pt = _conv((t->tm_wday == 0) ? 7 : t->tm_wday, ! "%d", pt, ptlim); continue; case 'V': /* *************** *** 270,276 **** i = (t->tm_yday + 10 - (t->tm_wday ? (t->tm_wday - 1) : 6)) / 7; pt = _conv((i == 0) ? 53 : i, ! "%02d", gsizep, pt); } continue; case 'v': --- 269,275 ---- i = (t->tm_yday + 10 - (t->tm_wday ? (t->tm_wday - 1) : 6)) / 7; pt = _conv((i == 0) ? 53 : i, ! "%02d", pt, ptlim); } continue; case 'v': *************** *** 279,315 **** ** "date as dd-bbb-YYYY" ** (ado, 5/24/93) */ ! pt = _fmt("%e-%b-%Y", t, gsizep, pt); continue; case 'W': pt = _conv((t->tm_yday + 7 - (t->tm_wday ? (t->tm_wday - 1) : 6)) / 7, ! "%02d", gsizep, pt); continue; case 'w': ! pt = _conv(t->tm_wday, "%d", gsizep, pt); continue; case 'y': pt = _conv((t->tm_year + TM_YEAR_BASE) % 100, ! "%02d", gsizep, pt); continue; case 'Y': pt = _conv(t->tm_year + TM_YEAR_BASE, "%04d", ! gsizep, pt); continue; case 'Z': #ifdef TM_ZONE if (t->TM_ZONE) ! pt = _add(t->TM_ZONE, gsizep, pt); else #endif /* defined TM_ZONE */ if (t->tm_isdst == 0 || t->tm_isdst == 1) { extern char * tzname[2]; pt = _add(tzname[t->tm_isdst], ! gsizep, pt); ! } else pt = _add("?", gsizep, pt); continue; case '%': /* --- 278,314 ---- ** "date as dd-bbb-YYYY" ** (ado, 5/24/93) */ ! pt = _fmt("%e-%b-%Y", t, pt, ptlim); continue; case 'W': pt = _conv((t->tm_yday + 7 - (t->tm_wday ? (t->tm_wday - 1) : 6)) / 7, ! "%02d", pt, ptlim); continue; case 'w': ! pt = _conv(t->tm_wday, "%d", pt, ptlim); continue; case 'y': pt = _conv((t->tm_year + TM_YEAR_BASE) % 100, ! "%02d", pt, ptlim); continue; case 'Y': pt = _conv(t->tm_year + TM_YEAR_BASE, "%04d", ! pt, ptlim); continue; case 'Z': #ifdef TM_ZONE if (t->TM_ZONE) ! pt = _add(t->TM_ZONE, pt, ptlim); else #endif /* defined TM_ZONE */ if (t->tm_isdst == 0 || t->tm_isdst == 1) { extern char * tzname[2]; pt = _add(tzname[t->tm_isdst], ! pt, ptlim); ! } else pt = _add("?", pt, ptlim); continue; case '%': /* *************** *** 321,356 **** break; } } ! if (*gsizep <= 0) return pt; *pt++ = *format; - --*gsizep; } return pt; } static char * ! _conv(n, format, gsizep, pt) int n; const char *format; - size_t *gsizep; char *pt; { char buf[21]; /* Room for - 2**63 ("-9223372036854775808") + null. */ (void) sprintf(buf, format, n); ! return _add(buf, gsizep, pt); } static char * ! _add(str, gsizep, pt) const char *str; - size_t *gsizep; char *pt; { ! while (*gsizep > 0 && (*pt = *str++) != '\0') { ++pt; - --*gsizep; } return pt; } --- 320,353 ---- break; } } ! if (pt == ptlim) return pt; *pt++ = *format; } return pt; } static char * ! _conv(n, format, pt, ptlim) int n; const char *format; char *pt; + const char *ptlim; { char buf[21]; /* Room for - 2**63 ("-9223372036854775808") + null. */ (void) sprintf(buf, format, n); ! return _add(buf, pt, ptlim); } static char * ! _add(str, pt, ptlim) const char *str; char *pt; + const char *ptlim; { ! while (pt < ptlim && (*pt = *str++) != '\0') { ++pt; } return pt; }

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updated strftime.c
by ado May 25, 1993

May 25, 1993

An updated draft strftime.c, with changes from Bradley White (bww+(a)transarc.com) to avoid problems on multiprocessor systems, is available for anonymous ftp from elsie.nci.nih.gov (128.231.16.1) in the "pub" directory, file "draft-strftime.c". As Bradley noted in correspondence, it also: - removes _conv()'s static [non-const] buffer - corrects a problem with _conv() most easily seen with "%k" when tm_hour == 0 - can use the first char of _conv()'s new, non-static buffer - eliminates _conv()'s ASCII dependency - adds a missing _fmt()-parameter in the "%v" case (I've reformatted "strftime.c" just slightly from what bww sent me.) Again, any and all feedback is welcome; correspondence might best be sent to tz(a)elsie.nci.nih.gov. --ado

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impending tzcode93b.tar.Z
by ado May 24, 1993

May 24, 1993

Having received useful changes from several sources, I'm hoping to put up tzcode93b.tar.Z for anonymous ftp soon. One thing I'd like to do is bring "strftime" up to date with new standards (akin to Arnold Robbins' version). A proposed "strftime" is attached; grepping for "5/24/93" will show up where changes have happened. Any comments would be appreciated; I'd particularly like word on the matter marked by "XXX" below. --ado #ifndef lint #ifndef NOID static char elsieid[] = "@(#)strftime.c 7.2"; /* ** Based on the UCB version whose ID appears below. ** This is ANSIish only when time is treated identically in all locales and ** when "multibyte character == plain character". */ #endif /* !defined NOID */ #endif /* !defined lint */ /* * Copyright (c) 1989 The Regents of the University of California. * All rights reserved. * * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms are permitted * provided that the above copyright notice and this paragraph are * duplicated in all such forms and that any documentation, * advertising materials, and other materials related to such * distribution and use acknowledge that the software was developed * by the University of California, Berkeley. The name of the * University may not be used to endorse or promote products derived * from this software without specific prior written permission. * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED ``AS IS'' AND WITHOUT ANY EXPRESS OR * IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, WITHOUT LIMITATION, THE IMPLIED * WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. */ #if defined(LIBC_SCCS) && !defined(lint) static char sccsid[] = "@(#)strftime.c 5.4 (Berkeley) 3/14/89"; #endif /* LIBC_SCCS and not lint */ #include "sys/types.h" #include "time.h" #include "tzfile.h" static char *afmt[] = { "Sun", "Mon", "Tue", "Wed", "Thu", "Fri", "Sat", }; static char *Afmt[] = { "Sunday", "Monday", "Tuesday", "Wednesday", "Thursday", "Friday", "Saturday", }; static char *bfmt[] = { "Jan", "Feb", "Mar", "Apr", "May", "Jun", "Jul", "Aug", "Sep", "Oct", "Nov", "Dec", }; static char *Bfmt[] = { "January", "February", "March", "April", "May", "June", "July", "August", "September", "October", "November", "December", }; static size_t gsize; static char *pt; static void _add(); static void _conv(); static void _fmt(); size_t strftime(s, maxsize, format, t) char *s; char *format; size_t maxsize; struct tm *t; { pt = s; gsize = maxsize; _fmt(format, t); if (gsize <= 0) return(0); *pt = '\0'; return(maxsize - gsize); } static void _fmt(format, t) register char *format; struct tm *t; { for (; *format; ++format) { if (*format == '%') { label: switch(*++format) { case '\0': --format; break; case 'A': if (t->tm_wday < 0 || t->tm_wday > 6) _add("?"); else _add(Afmt[t->tm_wday]); continue; case 'a': if (t->tm_wday < 0 || t->tm_wday > 6) _add("?"); else _add(afmt[t->tm_wday]); continue; case 'B': if (t->tm_mon < 0 || t->tm_mon > 11) _add("?"); else _add(Bfmt[t->tm_mon]); continue; case 'b': case 'h': if (t->tm_mon < 0 || t->tm_mon > 11) _add("?"); else _add(bfmt[t->tm_mon]); continue; case 'c': _fmt("%D %X", t); continue; case 'C': /* ** %C used to do a... ** _fmt("%a %b %e %X %Y", t); ** ...whereas now POSIX 1003.2 calls for ** something completely different. ** (ado, 5/24/93) */ _conv((t->tm_year + TM_YEAR_BASE) / 100, 2, '0'); continue; case 'D': case 'x': /* ** Version 3.0 of strftime from Arnold Robbins ** (arnold(a)skeeve.atl.ga.us) does the ** equivalent of... ** _fmt("%a %b %e %Y"); ** ...for %x; since the X3J11 C language ** standard calls for "date, using locale's ** date format," anything goes. Using just ** numbers (as here) makes Quakers happier. ** (ado, 5/24/93) */ _fmt("%m/%d/%y", t); continue; case 'd': _conv(t->tm_mday, 2, '0'); continue; case 'E': case 'O': /* ** POSIX locale extensions, a la ** Arnold Robbins' strftime version 3.0. ** The sequences ** %Ec %EC %Ex %Ey %EY ** %Od %oe %OH %OI %Om %OM ** %OS %Ou %OU %OV %Ow %OW %Oy ** are supposed to provide alternate ** representations. ** (ado, 5/24/93) */ goto label; case 'e': _conv(t->tm_mday, 2, ' '); continue; case 'H': _conv(t->tm_hour, 2, '0'); continue; case 'I': _conv(t->tm_hour % 12 ? t->tm_hour % 12 : 12, 2, '0'); continue; case 'j': _conv(t->tm_yday + 1, 3, '0'); continue; case 'k': /* ** This used to be... ** _conv(t->tm_hour % 12 ? ** t->tm_hour % 12 : 12, 2, ' '); ** ...and has been changed to the below to ** match SunOS 4.1.1 and Arnold Robbins' ** strftime version 3.0. That is, "%k" and ** "%l" have been swapped. ** (ado, 5/24/93) */ _conv(t->tm_hour, 2, ' '); continue; #ifdef KITCHEN_SINK case 'K': /* ** After all this time, still unclaimed! */ _add("kitchen sink"); continue; #endif /* defined KITCHEN_SINK */ case 'l': /* ** This used to be... ** _conv(t->tm_hour, 2, ' '); ** ...and has been changed to the below to ** match SunOS 4.1.1 and Arnold Robbin's ** strftime version 3.0. That is, "%k" and ** "%l" have been swapped. ** (ado, 5/24/93) */ _conv(t->tm_hour % 12 ? t->tm_hour % 12 : 12, 2, ' '); continue; case 'M': _conv(t->tm_min, 2, '0'); continue; case 'm': _conv(t->tm_mon + 1, 2, '0'); continue; case 'n': _add("\n"); continue; case 'p': _add(t->tm_hour >= 12 ? "PM" : "AM"); continue; case 'R': _fmt("%H:%M", t); continue; case 'r': _fmt("%I:%M:%S %p", t); continue; case 'S': _conv(t->tm_sec, 2, '0'); continue; case 'T': case 'X': _fmt("%H:%M:%S", t); continue; case 't': _add("\t"); continue; case 'U': _conv((t->tm_yday + 7 - t->tm_wday) / 7, 2, '0'); continue; case 'u': /* ** From Arnold Robbins' strftime version 3.0: ** "ISO 8601: Weekday as a decimal number ** [1 (Monday) - 7]" ** (ado, 5/24/93) */ _conv(((t->tm_wday == 0) ? 7 : t->tm_wday), 1, '0'); continue; case 'V': /* ** From Arnold Robbins' strftime version 3.0: ** "the week number of the year (the first ** Monday as the first day of week 1) as a ** decimal number (01-53). The method for ** determining the week number is as specified ** by ISO 8601 (to wit: if the week containing ** January 1 has four or more days in the new ** year, then it is week 1, otherwise it is ** week 53 of the previous year and the next ** week is week 1)." ** (ado, 5/24/93) */ /* ** XXX--If January 1 falls on a Friday, ** January 1-3 are part of week 53 of the ** previous year. By analogy, if January ** 1 falls on a Thursday, are December 29-31 ** of the PREVIOUS year part of week 1??? ** (ado 5/24/93) /* ** You are understood not to expect this. */ { register int i; i = (t->tm_yday + 10 - (t->tm_wday ? (t->tm_wday - 1) : 6)) / 7; _conv((i == 0) ? 53 : i, 2, '0'); } continue; case 'v': /* ** From Arnold Robbins' strftime version 3.0: ** "date as dd-bbb-YYYY" ** (ado, 5/24/93) */ _fmt("%e-%b-%Y"); continue; case 'W': _conv((t->tm_yday + 7 - (t->tm_wday ? (t->tm_wday - 1) : 6)) / 7, 2, '0'); continue; case 'w': _conv(t->tm_wday, 1, '0'); continue; case 'y': _conv((t->tm_year + TM_YEAR_BASE) % 100, 2, '0'); continue; case 'Y': _conv(t->tm_year + TM_YEAR_BASE, 4, '0'); continue; case 'Z': #ifdef TM_ZONE if (t->TM_ZONE) _add(t->TM_ZONE); else #endif /* defined TM_ZONE */ if (t->tm_isdst == 0 || t->tm_isdst == 1) { extern char * tzname[2]; _add(tzname[t->tm_isdst]); } else _add("?"); continue; case '%': /* * X311J/88-090 (4.12.3.5): if conversion char is * undefined, behavior is undefined. Print out the * character itself as printf(3) also does. */ default: break; } } if (gsize <= 0) return; *pt++ = *format; --gsize; } } static void _conv(n, digits, fill) int n, digits, fill; { static char buf[10]; register char *p; for (p = buf + sizeof(buf) - 2; n > 0 && p > buf; n /= 10, --digits) *p-- = n % 10 + '0'; while (p > buf && digits-- > 0) *p-- = fill; _add(++p); } static void _add(str) register char *str; { for (;; ++pt, --gsize) { if (gsize <= 0) return; if (!(*pt = *str++)) return; } }

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A brief history of (and agenda for) time zone libraries
by eggert＠twinsun.com May 15, 1993

May 15, 1993

Summary: The GNU C library is derived from Arthur David Olson's 1989 time zone code, with extensive changes. The good news is that these changes improve the modularity of Olson's code; the bad news is that it is now hard to merge some of Olson's more recent improvements into the GNU C library. Despite the bad news, Olson's fixes and improvements should be merged into the GNU C library somehow. While we're on the subject, the Linux time zone code also comes from Olson's 1989 code, but has only few minor changes; it should be updated to the current edition of Olson's code. __________ Olson's 1989 code. The original timezone code was written by Arthur David Olson. This public domain code has a good reputation. Even the Posix standard comes as close as a standard can to saying ``This is good stuff -- check it out!''; see Posix 1003.1-1990 section B.8.1.1, lines 4195-4201. The most famous publication of Olson's code was in comp.sources.unix 18, 111-117 (19 April 1989) -- see ftp.uu.net:/usenet/comp.sources.unix/volume18/localtime3/*. GNU C Library. The GNU C Library (see prep.ai.mit.edu:pub/gnu/glibc-1.05.tar.z) is derived from Olson's 1989 code. Here are its changes: 1. Rewrite the Makefile to use GNU make and GNU libc standards. 2. Split localtime.c into several smaller, more modular files. These files are: __tzset.c gmtime.c mktime.c offtime.c tzfile.c tzset.c. Completely rewrite these files in the GNU style. 3. Add some time functions not in Olson's package, e.g. adjtime. 4. Update some of the New Zealand time zone rules. Linux. Linux's code for timezones (see tsx-11.mit.edu:pub/linux/sources/sbin/timesrc.tar.Z) is also derived from Olson's 1989 code, but it has only the following minor changes: 1. Rewrite the Makefile to meet Linux standards. 2. Add a few #includes, or change them from "" form to <> form. Olson's current edition. Arthur David Olson is still maintaining both the code and the corresponding timezone database (see elsie.nci.nih.gov:pub/tz*). The differences between Olson's 1989 code and his current edition are as follows: 1. Fix some minor Makefile portability problems. 2. Fix some bugs in the C code, and avoid some possible core dumps. 3. Bring the leap second database up-to-date through June 1993. 4. Update the time zone database for Israel, Australia (which is particularly wild and woolly -- they hold voter referendums to change the timezone rules!), New Zealand, Britain, Portugal, Starke County Indiana, Saskatchewan. Remove the nonexistent US Pacific Presidential Election Time, which caused some problems late last year on some West Coast Suns. The New Zealand updates are a superset of the GNU C library's updates. 5. Add a -y option to zic to specify a command that tests for arbitrary year types; this is used in some of the new time zone rules. Proposal. Olson's changes should be propagated into both Linux and the GNU C library. Linux should update to Olson's current edition; this should be a simple merge. By the way, the Linux code should also give credit to Olson instead of silently removing his README file; this will help prevent the current situation from recurring. The GNU C library changes fall into two categories: (A) changes to Olson's localtime.c, and (B) everything else. Merging (B) is easy, almost as easy as merging the Linux timezone code, and I've already submitted patches to the GNU C library developers to do this. Merging (A) is harder, since the GNU C library has split up localtime.c into lots of little pieces. The GNU C library changes generally improve Olson's code -- they make the module interfaces cleaner, and the code is easier to follow. Unfortunately, it is now hard to tell how to propagate Olson's localtime.c changes and improvements into the GNU C library. The best person to do this propagation is the person who split up localtime.c in the first place. Another possibility is for the GNU C library to switch to a version of localtime.c that is as close as possible to Olson's latest version; that might simplify future maintenance.

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