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April 2001
- 38 participants
- 61 discussions
April 19, 2001
I add into the directory the shell script zic.sh which allows me to
compile all the timezone data.
I find it very convenient to use it since I don't have to recall the
line command to type.
#! /bin/bash
# zic.sh
../tzcode2001a/zic africa antarctica asia australasia etcetera europe
factory northamerica pacificnew southamerica systemv backward solar87
solar88 solar89
==============================================================
Don't forget also the order of files is important as related by the
exchange emails bellow:
Francois Reygagne wrote
> "backward", line 49: warning: hard link failed, symbolic link used
>
> Is it normal ?
Paul Eggert <eggert(a)twinsun.com> replied
You must put "backward" after all the other files that it refers to.
"backward" refers to "etcetera", so you must compile it after you
compile "etcetera".
--
François REYGAGNE. Software Architect.
opt[e]way S.A., 2881 route des Crêtes, BP308
06906 Sophia Antipolis Cedex, FRANCE
tél: +33 (0)4 92 95 27 01 http://www.opteway.com
1
0
April 18, 2001
--
François REYGAGNE. Software Architect.
opt[e]way S.A., 2881 route des Crêtes, BP308
06906 Sophia Antipolis Cedex, FRANCE
tél: +33 (0)4 92 95 27 01 http://www.opteway.com
1
0
I get it now...
thanx for the info... I actually don't know what version of the
southamerica files the machines were using, 'cause the default
installation doesn't include the zonefiles sources, just the compiled
ones.
It might be that the RH7 distrib wasn't wrong, but as that was a non-
production machine, someone might have been fiddling with it before I
started to work.
On the RH6.2 machines, when I started, I compiled the new zones for
southamerica (2001a, anyway, southamerica didn't change), but I forgot to
link to /etc/localtime... before realizing that, I started looking at the
source itself and, not understanding it, I erased the year 2000 lines...
after nothing changing I realized the link to /etc/localtime was a hard
one so the version in /etc/localtime was the old one... by this time I
had already edited it and after linking again, it worked.
So, most probably, RH6.2 comes with an old version of southamerica that
starts using DST in 2000, but the new versions are OK.
I realize that the lines I erased have, in fact, no actual change in
"wall" clock time... it only says wether it's summer or not :-).
I find it easier to not have "useless" rules in the file originated in
decrees that were derogated before they were actually effective, so I
edited the zoneinfo file for southamerica to reflect this.
I don't know what the policy of the WG is regarding this kind of changes,
but I attach the modified file and include a "diff" output down here,
FWIW.
I really thank Paul his advice.
====================================================================
# diff southamerica.2001b southamerica.ar-clean
1c1
< # @(#)southamerica 7.40
---
> # @(#)southamerica 7.41
111,127d110
< # From Rives McDow (2000-01-10):
< # On October 3, 1999, 0:00 local, Argentina implemented daylight
savings time,
< # which did not result in the switch of a time zone, as they stayed 9
hours
< # from the International Date Line.
< Rule Arg 1999 only - Oct Sun>=1 0:00 1:00 S
< Rule Arg 2000 only - Mar Sun>=1 0:00 0 -
< #
< # From Peter Gradelski via Steffen Thorsen (2000-03-01):
< # We just checked with our Sao Paulo office and they say the government
of
< # Argentina decided not to become one of the countries that go on or
off DST.
< # So Buenos Aires should be -3 hours from GMT at all times.
< #
< # From Fabian L. Arce Jofre <farcejofre(a)bigfoot.com> (2000-04-04):
< # The law that claimed DST for Argentina was derogated by President
Fernando
< # de la Rua on March 2, 2000, because it would make people spend more
energy
< # in the winter time, rather than less. The change took effect on
March 3.
< #
136,137c119
< -3:00 Arg AR%sT 1999 Oct 3 0:00
< -4:00 Arg AR%sT 2000 Mar 3 0:00
---
> -3:00 Arg AR%sT 1993 Oct 3 0:00
147,148d128
< -3:00 - ART 1999 Oct 3 0:00
< -4:00 Arg AR%sT 2000 Mar 3 0:00
158,159d137
< -3:00 - ART 1999 Oct 3 0:00
< -4:00 Arg AR%sT 2000 Mar 3 0:00
171,172d148
< -3:00 - ART 1999 Oct 3 0:00
< -4:00 Arg AR%sT 2000 Mar 3 0:00
183,184d158
< -3:00 - ART 1999 Oct 3 0:00
< -4:00 Arg AR%sT 2000 Mar 3 0:00
196,197d169
< -3:00 - ART 1999 Oct 3 0:00
< -4:00 Arg AR%sT 2000 Mar 3 0:00
====================================================================
El 16 Apr 2001, a las 17:51, Paul Eggert escribió:
> > From: "Mariano Absatz" <baby(a)baby.com.ar>
> > Date: Mon, 16 Apr 2001 19:30:47 -0300
> >
> > I administer a bunch of Solaris and Linux (RedHat 6.x/7.x) machines and a
> > month or so ago, all of the Linuxes went one hour early...
>
> That's odd. I just checked my Red Hat 7.x box, and the shell command:
>
> /usr/sbin/zdump -v America/Buenos_Aires | egrep '199[3-9]|200[0-9]'
>
> outputs:
>
> America/Buenos_Aires Sun Mar 7 01:59:59 1993 UTC = Sat Mar 6 23:59:59 1993 ARST isdst=1 gmtoff=-7200
> America/Buenos_Aires Sun Mar 7 02:00:00 1993 UTC = Sat Mar 6 23:00:00 1993 ART isdst=0 gmtoff=-10800
> America/Buenos_Aires Sun Oct 3 02:59:59 1999 UTC = Sat Oct 2 23:59:59 1999 ART isdst=0 gmtoff=-10800
> America/Buenos_Aires Sun Oct 3 03:00:00 1999 UTC = Sun Oct 3 00:00:00 1999 ARST isdst=1 gmtoff=-10800
> America/Buenos_Aires Fri Mar 3 02:59:59 2000 UTC = Thu Mar 2 23:59:59 2000 ARST isdst=1 gmtoff=-10800
> America/Buenos_Aires Fri Mar 3 03:00:00 2000 UTC = Fri Mar 3 00:00:00 2000 ART isdst=0 gmtoff=-10800
>
> which means that the wall clocks haven't been adjusted since
> 1993-03-06, though the DST indicator and the time zone abbreviation
> did change in summer 1999/2000 due to a canceled experiment.
>
> Perhaps your Red Hat boxes are using an older version of the tz
> tables. For example, if they are using revision 7.34 of the
> southamerica file, that would explain the matter. If so, upgrading to
> the latest version of the tz tables should fix the problem.
>
> > I just saw that there is another release (2001b), but the bug is still
> > there...
>
> How did you test 2001b? I just tried it, and it gave the same results
> as above, which matches what you report: Argentina is 3 hours behind
> UTC and does not observe DST.
>
>
> > Is there a somehow concise explanation of the format of the zoneinfo
> > files, other than the comments in the file itself?
>
> Yes; the zic man page. Try the shell command "man zic".
>
--
Mariano Absatz
baby(a)baby.com.ar
# @(#)southamerica 7.41
# This data is by no means authoritative; if you think you know better,
# go ahead and edit the file (and please send any changes to
# tz(a)elsie.nci.nih.gov for general use in the future).
# From Paul Eggert <eggert(a)twinsun.com> (1999-07-07):
# A good source for time zone historical data outside the U.S. is
# Thomas G. Shanks, The International Atlas (5th edition),
# San Diego: ACS Publications, Inc. (1999).
#
# Gwillim Law <Gwil_Law(a)bridge-point.com> writes that a good source
# for recent time zone data is the International Air Transport
# Association's Standard Schedules Information Manual (IATA SSIM),
# published semiannually. Law sent in several helpful summaries
# of the IATA's data after 1990.
#
# Except where otherwise noted, Shanks is the source for entries through 1990,
# and IATA SSIM is the source for entries after 1990.
#
# Earlier editions of these tables used the North American style (e.g. ARST and
# ARDT for Argentine Standard and Daylight Time), but the following quote
# suggests that it's better to use European style (e.g. ART and ARST).
# I suggest the use of _Summer time_ instead of the more cumbersome
# _daylight-saving time_. _Summer time_ seems to be in general use
# in Europe and South America.
# -- E O Cutler, _New York Times_ (1937-02-14), quoted in
# H L Mencken, _The American Language: Supplement I_ (1960), p 466
#
# Earlier editions of these tables also used the North American style
# for time zones in Brazil, but this was incorrect, as Brazilians say
# "summer time". Reinaldo Goulart, a Sao Paulo businessman active in
# the railroad sector, writes (1999-07-06):
# The subject of time zones is currently a matter of discussion/debate in
# Brazil. Let's say that "the Brasilia time" is considered the
# "official time" because Brasilia is the capital city.
# The other three time zones are called "Brasilia time "minus one" or
# "plus one" or "plus two". As far as I know there is no such
# name/designation as "Eastern Time" or "Central Time".
# So I invented the following (English-language) abbreviations for now.
# Corrections are welcome!
# std dst
# -2:00 FNT FNST Fernando de Noronha
# -3:00 BRT BRST Brasilia
# -4:00 AMT AMST Amazon
# -5:00 ACT ACST Acre
###############################################################################
###############################################################################
# Argentina
# From Bob Devine (1988-01-28):
# Argentina: first Sunday in October to first Sunday in April since 1976.
# Double Summer time from 1969 to 1974. Switches at midnight.
# From U. S. Naval Observatory (1988-01-199):
# ARGENTINA 3 H BEHIND UTC
# From Hernan G. Otero <hernan(a)isoft.com.ar> (1995-06-26):
# I am sending modifications to the Argentine time zone table...
# AR was chosen because they are the ISO letters that represent Argentina.
# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
Rule Arg 1930 only - Dec 1 0:00 1:00 S
Rule Arg 1931 only - Apr 1 0:00 0 -
Rule Arg 1931 only - Oct 15 0:00 1:00 S
Rule Arg 1932 1940 - Mar 1 0:00 0 -
Rule Arg 1932 1939 - Nov 1 0:00 1:00 S
Rule Arg 1940 only - Jul 1 0:00 1:00 S
Rule Arg 1941 only - Jun 15 0:00 0 -
Rule Arg 1941 only - Oct 15 0:00 1:00 S
Rule Arg 1943 only - Aug 1 0:00 0 -
Rule Arg 1943 only - Oct 15 0:00 1:00 S
Rule Arg 1946 only - Mar 1 0:00 0 -
Rule Arg 1946 only - Oct 1 0:00 1:00 S
Rule Arg 1963 only - Oct 1 0:00 0 -
Rule Arg 1963 only - Dec 15 0:00 1:00 S
Rule Arg 1964 1966 - Mar 1 0:00 0 -
Rule Arg 1964 1966 - Oct 15 0:00 1:00 S
Rule Arg 1967 only - Apr 1 0:00 0 -
Rule Arg 1967 1968 - Oct Sun>=1 0:00 1:00 S
Rule Arg 1968 1969 - Apr Sun>=1 0:00 0 -
Rule Arg 1974 only - Jan 23 0:00 1:00 S
Rule Arg 1974 only - May 1 0:00 0 -
Rule Arg 1974 1976 - Oct Sun>=1 0:00 1:00 S
Rule Arg 1975 1977 - Apr Sun>=1 0:00 0 -
Rule Arg 1985 only - Nov 2 0:00 1:00 S
Rule Arg 1986 only - Mar 14 0:00 0 -
Rule Arg 1986 1987 - Oct 25 0:00 1:00 S
Rule Arg 1987 only - Feb 13 0:00 0 -
Rule Arg 1988 only - Feb 7 0:00 0 -
Rule Arg 1988 only - Dec 1 0:00 1:00 S
#
# From Hernan G. Otero <hernan(a)isoft.com.ar> (1995-06-26):
# These corrections were contributed by InterSoft Argentina S.A.,
# obtaining the data from the:
# Talleres de Hidrografia Naval Argentina
# (Argentine Naval Hydrography Institute)
#
# Shanks stops after 1992-03-01; go with Otero.
Rule Arg 1989 1993 - Mar Sun>=1 0:00 0 -
Rule Arg 1989 1992 - Oct Sun>=15 0:00 1:00 S
#
# From Hernan G. Otero <hernan(a)isoft.com.ar> (1995-06-26):
# From this moment on, the law that mandated the daylight saving
# time corrections was derogated and no more modifications
# to the time zones (for daylight saving) are now made.
#
# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
#
# Buenos Aires (BA), Capital Federal (CF), Santa Cruz (SC),
# Tierra del Fuego, Antartida e Islas del Atlantico Sur (TF)
Zone America/Buenos_Aires -3:53:48 - LMT 1894 Nov
-4:16:44 - CMT 1920 May # Cordoba Mean Time
-4:00 - ART 1930 Dec
-4:00 Arg AR%sT 1969 Oct 5
-3:00 Arg AR%sT 1993 Oct 3 0:00
-3:00 - ART
#
# Santa Fe (SF), Entre Rios (ER), Corrientes (CN), Misiones (MN), Chaco (CC),
# Formosa (FM), La Pampa (LP), Chubut (CH)
Zone America/Rosario -4:02:40 - LMT 1894 Nov
-4:16:44 - CMT 1920 May
-4:00 - ART 1930 Dec
-4:00 Arg AR%sT 1969 Oct 5
-3:00 Arg AR%sT 1991 Jul
-3:00 - ART
#
# Cordoba (CB), Santiago del Estero (SE), Salta (SA), Tucuman (TM), La Rioja (LR), San Juan (SJ), San Luis (SL),
# Neuquen (NQ), Rio Negro (RN)
Zone America/Cordoba -4:16:44 - LMT 1894 Nov
-4:16:44 - CMT 1920 May
-4:00 - ART 1930 Dec
-4:00 Arg AR%sT 1969 Oct 5
-3:00 Arg AR%sT 1990 Jul
-3:00 - ART
#
# Jujuy (JY)
Zone America/Jujuy -4:21:12 - LMT 1894 Nov
-4:16:44 - CMT 1920 May
-4:00 - ART 1930 Dec
-4:00 Arg AR%sT 1969 Oct 5
-3:00 Arg AR%sT 1991 Mar 3
-4:00 - WART 1991 Oct 6
-4:00 1:00 WARST 1992 Mar 15
-4:00 - WART 1992 Oct 18
-3:00 - ART
#
# Catamarca (CT)
Zone America/Catamarca -4:23:08 - LMT 1894 Nov
-4:16:44 - CMT 1920 May
-4:00 - ART 1930 Dec
-4:00 Arg AR%sT 1969 Oct 5
-3:00 Arg AR%sT 1990 Jul
-3:00 - ART 1991 Jul
-3:00 Arg AR%sT 1992 Jul
-3:00 - ART
#
# Mendoza (MZ)
Zone America/Mendoza -4:35:16 - LMT 1894 Nov
-4:16:44 - CMT 1920 May
-4:00 - ART 1930 Dec
-4:00 Arg AR%sT 1969 Oct 5
-3:00 Arg AR%sT 1991 Mar 3
-4:00 - WART 1991 Oct 15
-4:00 1:00 WARST 1992 Mar 1
-4:00 - WART 1992 Oct 18
-3:00 - ART
# Aruba
# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
Zone America/Aruba -4:40:24 - LMT 1912 Feb 12 # Oranjestad
-4:30 - ANT 1965 # Netherlands Antilles Time
-4:00 - AST
# Bolivia
# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
Zone America/La_Paz -4:32:36 - LMT 1890
-4:32:36 - LPMT 1931 Oct 15 # La Paz Mean Time
-4:32:36 1:00 BOST 1932 Mar 21 # Bolivia ST
-4:00 - BOT # Bolivia Time
# Brazil
# From Paul Eggert <eggert(a)twinsun.com> (1993-11-18):
# The mayor of Rio recently attempted to change the time zone rules
# just in his city, in order to leave more summer time for the tourist trade.
# The rule change lasted only part of the day;
# the federal government refused to follow the city's rules, and business
# was in a chaos, so the mayor backed down that afternoon.
# From IATA SSIM (1996-02):
# _Only_ the following states in BR1 observe DST: Rio Grande do Sul (RS),
# Santa Catarina (SC), Parana (PR), Sao Paulo (SP), Rio de Janeiro (RJ),
# Espirito Santo (ES), Minas Gerais (MG), Bahia (BA), Goias (GO),
# Distrito Federal (DF), Tocantins (TO), Sergipe [SE] and Alagoas [AL].
# [The last three states are new to this issue of the IATA SSIM.]
# From Gwillim Law (1996-10-07):
# Geography, history (Tocantins was part of Goias until 1989), and other
# sources of time zone information lead me to believe that AL, SE, and TO were
# always in BR1, and so the only change was whether or not they observed DST....
# The earliest issue of the SSIM I have is 2/91. Each issue from then until
# 9/95 says that DST is observed only in the ten states I quoted from 9/95,
# along with Mato Grosso (MT) and Mato Grosso do Sul (MS), which are in BR2
# (UTC-4).... The other two time zones given for Brazil are BR3, which is
# UTC-5, no DST, and applies only in the state of Acre (AC); and BR4, which is
# UTC-2, and applies to Fernando de Noronha (formerly FN, but I believe it's
# become part of the state of Pernambuco). The boundary between BR1 and BR2
# has never been clearly stated. They've simply been called East and West.
# However, some conclusions can be drawn from another IATA manual: the Airline
# Coding Directory, which lists close to 400 airports in Brazil. For each
# airport it gives a time zone which is coded to the SSIM. From that
# information, I'm led to conclude that the states of Amapa (AP), Ceara (CE),
# Maranhao (MA), Paraiba (PR), Pernambuco (PE), Piaui (PI), and Rio Grande do
# Norte (RN), and the eastern part of Para (PA) are all in BR1 without DST.
# From Marcos Tadeu (1998-09-27):
# <a href="http://pcdsh01.on.br/verao1.html">
# Brazilian official page
# </a>
# From Jesper Norgaard (2000-11-03):
# [For an official list of which regions in Brazil use which time zones, see:]
# http://pcdsh01.on.br/Fusbr.htm
# http://pcdsh01.on.br/Fusbrhv.htm
# From Paul Eggert (2000-10-02):
# The official decrees referenced below are taken from
# <a href="http://pcdsh01.on.br/DecHV.html">
# Decretos sobre o Horario de Verao no Brasil
# </a> (1999-10-04, in Portuguese).
# The official site for all decrees, including those not related to time, is
# <a href="http://www.presidencia.gov.br/CCIVIL/decreto/principal_ano.htm">
# Presidencia da Republica, Subchefia para Assuntos Juridicos, Decretos
# </a> (in Portuguese).
# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
# Decree <a href="http://pcdsh01.on.br/HV20466.htm">20,466</a> (1931-10-01)
# Decree <a href="http://pcdsh01.on.br/HV21896.htm">21,896</a> (1932-01-10)
Rule Brazil 1931 only - Oct 3 11:00 1:00 S
Rule Brazil 1932 1933 - Apr 1 0:00 0 -
Rule Brazil 1932 only - Oct 3 0:00 1:00 S
# Decree <a href="http://pcdsh01.on.br/HV23195.htm">23,195</a> (1933-10-10)
# revoked DST.
# Decree <a href="http://pcdsh01.on.br/HV27496.htm">27,496</a> (1949-11-24)
# Decree <a href="http://pcdsh01.on.br/HV27998.htm">27,998</a> (1950-04-13)
Rule Brazil 1949 1952 - Dec 1 0:00 1:00 S
Rule Brazil 1950 only - Apr 16 1:00 0 -
Rule Brazil 1951 1952 - Apr 1 0:00 0 -
# Decree <a href="http://pcdsh01.on.br/HV32308.htm">32,308</a> (1953-02-24)
Rule Brazil 1953 only - Mar 1 0:00 0 -
# Decree <a href="http://pcdsh01.on.br/HV34724.htm">34,724</a> (1953-11-30)
# revoked DST.
# Decree <a href="http://pcdsh01.on.br/HV52700.htm">52,700</a> (1963-10-18)
# established DST from 1963-10-23 00:00 to 1964-02-29 00:00
# in SP, RJ, GB, MG, ES, due to the prolongation of the drought.
# Decree <a href="http://pcdsh01.on.br/HV53071.htm">53,071</a> (1963-12-03)
# extended the above decree to all of the national territory on 12-09.
Rule Brazil 1963 only - Dec 9 0:00 1:00 S
# Decree <a href="http://pcdsh01.on.br/HV53604.htm">53,604</a> (1964-02-25)
# extended summer time by one day to 1964-03-01 00:00 (start of school).
Rule Brazil 1964 only - Mar 1 0:00 0 -
# Decree <a href="http://pcdsh01.on.br/HV55639.htm">55,639</a> (1965-01-27)
Rule Brazil 1965 only - Jan 31 0:00 1:00 S
Rule Brazil 1965 only - Mar 31 0:00 0 -
# Decree <a href="http://pcdsh01.on.br/HV57303.htm">57,303</a> (1965-11-22)
Rule Brazil 1965 only - Dec 1 0:00 1:00 S
# Decree <a href="http://pcdsh01.on.br/HV57843.htm">57,843</a> (1966-02-18)
Rule Brazil 1966 1968 - Mar 1 0:00 0 -
Rule Brazil 1966 1967 - Nov 1 0:00 1:00 S
# Decree <a href="http://pcdsh01.on.br/HV63429.htm">63,429</a> (1968-10-15)
# revoked DST.
# Decree <a href="http://pcdsh01.on.br/HV91698.htm">91,698</a> (1985-09-27)
Rule Brazil 1985 only - Nov 2 0:00 1:00 S
# Decree 92,310 (1986-01-21)
# Decree 92,463 (1986-03-13)
Rule Brazil 1986 only - Mar 15 0:00 0 -
# Decree 93,316 (1986-10-01)
Rule Brazil 1986 only - Oct 25 0:00 1:00 S
Rule Brazil 1987 only - Feb 14 0:00 0 -
# Decree <a href="http://pcdsh01.on.br/HV94922.htm">94,922</a> (1987-09-22)
Rule Brazil 1987 only - Oct 25 0:00 1:00 S
Rule Brazil 1988 only - Feb 7 0:00 0 -
# Decree <a href="http://pcdsh01.on.br/HV96676.htm">96,676</a> (1988-09-12)
# except for the states of AC, AM, PA, RR, RO, and AP (then a territory)
Rule Brazil 1988 only - Oct 16 0:00 1:00 S
Rule Brazil 1989 only - Jan 29 0:00 0 -
# Decree <a href="http://pcdsh01.on.br/HV98077.htm">98,077</a> (1989-08-21)
# with the same exceptions
Rule Brazil 1989 only - Oct 15 0:00 1:00 S
Rule Brazil 1990 only - Feb 11 0:00 0 -
# Decree <a href="http://pcdsh01.on.br/HV99530.htm">99,530</a> (1990-09-17)
# adopted by RS, SC, PR, SP, RJ, ES, MG, GO, MS, DF.
# Decree 99,629 (1990-10-19) adds BA, MT.
Rule Brazil 1990 only - Oct 21 0:00 1:00 S
Rule Brazil 1991 only - Feb 17 0:00 0 -
# <a href="http://pcdsh01.on.br/HV1991.htm">Unnumbered decree</a> (1991-09-25)
# adopted by RS, SC, PR, SP, RJ, ES, MG, BA, GO, MT, MS, DF.
Rule Brazil 1991 only - Oct 20 0:00 1:00 S
Rule Brazil 1992 only - Feb 9 0:00 0 -
# <a href="http://pcdsh01.on.br/HV1992.htm">Unnumbered decree</a> (1992-10-16)
# adopted by same states.
Rule Brazil 1992 only - Oct 25 0:00 1:00 S
Rule Brazil 1993 only - Jan 31 0:00 0 -
# Decree <a href="http://pcdsh01.on.br/HV942.htm">942</a> (1993-09-28)
# adopted by same states, plus AM.
# Decree <a href="http://pcdsh01.on.br/HV1252.htm">1,252</a> (1994-09-22)
# adopted by same states, minus AM.
# Decree <a href="http://pcdsh01.on.br/HV1636.htm">1,636</a> (1995-09-14)
# adopted by same states, plus TO.
# Decree <a href="http://pcdsh01.on.br/HV1674.htm">1,674</a> (1995-10-13)
# adds AL, SE.
Rule Brazil 1993 1995 - Oct Sun>=11 0:00 1:00 S
Rule Brazil 1994 1995 - Feb Sun>=15 0:00 0 -
Rule Brazil 1996 only - Feb 11 0:00 0 -
# Decree <a href="http://pcdsh01.on.br/HV2000.htm">2,000</a> (1996-09-04)
# adopted by same states, minus AL, SE.
Rule Brazil 1996 only - Oct 6 0:00 1:00 S
Rule Brazil 1997 only - Feb 16 0:00 0 -
# From Daniel C. Sobral <dcs(a)gns.com.br> (1998-02-12):
# In 1997, the DS began on October 6. The stated reason was that
# because international television networks ignored Brazil's policy on DS,
# they bought the wrong times on satellite for coverage of Pope's visit.
# This year, the ending date of DS was postponed to March 1
# to help dealing with the shortages of electric power.
#
# From Paul Eggert (1998-02-25):
# <a href="http://churchnet.ucsm.ac.uk/news/files2/news165.htm">
# Brazil Prepares for Papal Visit
# </a>,
# Church Net UK (1997-10-02).
#
# Decree 2,317 (1997-09-04), adopted by same states.
Rule Brazil 1997 only - Oct 6 0:00 1:00 S
# Decree <a href="http://pcdsh01.on.br/figuras/HV2495.JPG">2,495</a>
# (1998-02-10)
Rule Brazil 1998 only - Mar 1 0:00 0 -
# Decree <a href="http://pcdsh01.on.br/figuras/Hv98.jpg">2,780</a> (1998-09-11)
# adopted by the same states as before.
Rule Brazil 1998 only - Oct 11 0:00 1:00 S
Rule Brazil 1999 only - Feb 21 0:00 0 -
# Decree <a href="http://pcdsh01.on.br/figuras/HV3150.gif">3,150</a>
# (1999-08-23) adopted by same states.
# Decree <a href="http://pcdsh01.on.br/DecHV99.gif">3,188</a> (1999-09-30)
# adds SE, AL, PB, PE, RN, CE, PI, MA and RR.
Rule Brazil 1999 only - Oct 3 0:00 1:00 S
Rule Brazil 2000 only - Feb 27 0:00 0 -
# Decree <a href="http://pcdsh01.on.br/DEC3592.htm">3,592</a> (2000-09-06)
# adopted by the same states as before.
# Decree <a href="http://pcdsh01.on.br/Dec3630.jpg">3,630</a> (2000-10-13)
# repeals DST in PE and RR, effective 2000-10-15 00:00.
# Decree <a href="http://pcdsh01.on.br/Dec3632.jpg">3,632</a> (2000-10-17)
# repeals DST in SE, AL, PB, RN, CE, PI and MA, effective 2000-10-22 00:00.
#
# These give only one year's rules. After that, the rules are guesses
# and are quite possibly wrong, but are more likely than no DST at all.
Rule Brazil 2000 max - Oct Sun>=8 0:00 1:00 S
Rule Brazil 2001 max - Feb Sun>=15 0:00 0 -
# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
#
# Atlantic islands: Fernando de Noronha, Trindade, Martin Vaz,
# Atol das Rocas, and Penedos de Sao Pedro e Sao Paulo
Zone America/Noronha -2:09:40 - LMT 1914
-2:00 Brazil FN%sT 1990 Sep 17
-2:00 - FNT
#
# Amapa (AP), east Para (PA)
# East Para includes Belem, Maraba, Serra Norte, and Sao Felix do Xingu.
Zone America/Belem -3:13:56 - LMT 1914
-3:00 Brazil BR%sT 1988 Sep 12
-3:00 - BRT
#
# Maranhao (MA), Piaui (PI), Ceara (CE), Rio Grande do Norte (RN),
# Paraiba (PB)
Zone America/Fortaleza -2:34:00 - LMT 1914
-3:00 Brazil BR%sT 1990 Sep 17
-3:00 - BRT 1999 Sep 30
-3:00 Brazil BR%sT 2000 Oct 22
-3:00 - BRT
#
# Pernambuco (PE) (except Atlantic islands)
Zone America/Recife -2:19:36 - LMT 1914
-3:00 Brazil BR%sT 1990 Sep 17
-3:00 - BRT 1999 Sep 30
-3:00 Brazil BR%sT 2000 Oct 15
-3:00 - BRT
#
# Tocantins (TO)
Zone America/Araguaina -3:12:48 - LMT 1914
-3:00 Brazil BR%sT 1990 Sep 17
-3:00 - BRT 1995 Sep 14
-3:00 Brazil BR%sT
#
# Alagoas (AL), Sergipe (SE)
Zone America/Maceio -2:22:52 - LMT 1914
-3:00 Brazil BR%sT 1990 Sep 17
-3:00 - BRT 1995 Oct 13
-3:00 Brazil BR%sT 1996 Sep 4
-3:00 - BRT 1999 Sep 30
-3:00 Brazil BR%sT 2000 Oct 22
-3:00 - BRT
#
# Bahia (BA), Goias (GO), Distrito Federal (DF), Minas Gerais (MG),
# Espirito Santo (ES), Rio de Janeiro (RJ), Sao Paulo (SP), Parana (PR),
# Santa Catarina (SC), Rio Grande do Sul (RS)
Zone America/Sao_Paulo -3:06:28 - LMT 1914
-3:00 Brazil BR%sT 1963 Oct 23 00:00
-3:00 1:00 BRST 1964
-3:00 Brazil BR%sT
#
# Mato Grosso, Mato Grosso do Sul
Zone America/Cuiaba -3:44:20 - LMT 1914
-4:00 Brazil AM%sT
#
# west Para (PA), Rondonia (RO)
# West Para includes Altamira, Oribidos, Prainha, Oriximina, and Santarem.
Zone America/Porto_Velho -4:15:36 - LMT 1914
-4:00 Brazil AM%sT 1988 Sep 12
-4:00 - AMT
#
# Roraima (RR)
Zone America/Boa_Vista -4:02:40 - LMT 1914
-4:00 Brazil AM%sT 1988 Sep 12
-4:00 - AMT 1999 Sep 30
-4:00 Brazil AM%sT 2000 Oct 15
-4:00 - AMT
#
# east Amazonas (AM): Boca do Acre, Jutai, Manaus, Floriano Peixoto
Zone America/Manaus -4:00:04 - LMT 1914
-4:00 Brazil AM%sT 1988 Sep 12
-4:00 - AMT 1993 Sep 28
-4:00 Brazil AM%sT 1994 Sep 22
-4:00 - AMT
#
# west Amazonas (AM): Atalaia do Norte, Boca do Maoco, Benjamin Constant,
# Eirunepe, Envira, Ipixuna
Zone America/Eirunepe -4:39:28 - LMT 1914
-5:00 Brazil AC%sT 1988 Sep 12
-5:00 - ACT 1993 Sep 28
-5:00 Brazil AC%sT 1994 Sep 22
-5:00 - ACT
#
# Acre (AC)
Zone America/Rio_Branco -4:31:12 - LMT 1914
-5:00 Brazil AC%sT 1988 Sep 12
-5:00 - ACT
# Chile
# From Eduardo Krell (1995-10-19):
# The law says to switch to DST at midnight [24:00] on the second SATURDAY
# of October.... The law is the same for March and October.
# (1998-09-29):
# Because of the drought this year, the government decided to go into
# DST earlier (saturday 9/26 at 24:00). This is a one-time change only ...
# (unless there's another dry season next year, I guess).
# From Julio I. Pacheco Troncoso (1999-03-18):
# Because of the same drought, the government decided to end DST later,
# on April 3, (one-time change).
# From Gwillim Law (2001-02-20):
# I came across a Chilean on-line newspaper, La Tercera. Its
# <a href="http://www.tercera.cl/diario/1998/03/13/extras.html">
# 1998-03-13 issue
# </a>, says (my translation):
# "At 24:00 (midnight) tomorrow (Saturday) - 22:00 in the insular
# territory [Easter Island, Juan Fernandez, etc.] - winter time will
# begin in the entire country."
# From Paul Eggert (2001-02-21):
# Assume this rule has been used since DST was introduced in the islands.
# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
Rule Chile 1918 only - Sep 1 0:00 1:00 S
Rule Chile 1919 only - Jul 2 0:00 0 -
Rule Chile 1927 1931 - Sep 1 0:00 1:00 S
Rule Chile 1928 1932 - Apr 1 0:00 0 -
Rule Chile 1969 1997 - Oct Sun>=9 4:00u 1:00 S
Rule Chile 1970 1998 - Mar Sun>=9 3:00u 0 -
Rule Chile 1998 only - Sep 27 4:00u 1:00 S
Rule Chile 1999 only - Apr 4 3:00u 0 -
Rule Chile 1999 max - Oct Sun>=9 4:00u 1:00 S
Rule Chile 2000 max - Mar Sun>=9 3:00u 0 -
# IATA SSIM anomalies: (1990-09) says 1990-09-16; (1992-02) says 1992-03-14;
# (1996-09) says 1998-03-08. Ignore these.
# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
Zone America/Santiago -4:42:40 - LMT 1890
-4:42:40 - SMT 1910 # Santiago Mean Time
-5:00 Chile CL%sT 1932 Sep # Chile Time
-4:00 Chile CL%sT
Zone Pacific/Easter -7:17:28 - LMT 1890 # Mataveri
-7:17:28 - MMT 1932 Sep # Mataveri Mean Time
-7:00 Chile EAS%sT 1982 Mar 14 # Easter I Time
-6:00 Chile EAS%sT
#
# Whitman says Juan Fernandez Is are like America/Santiago.
# San Ambrosio, San Felix
# no information; probably like America/Santiago
# Colombia
# Shanks specifies 24:00 for 1992 transition times; go with IATA,
# as it seems implausible to change clocks at midnight New Year's Eve.
# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
Rule CO 1992 only - May 2 0:00 1:00 S
Rule CO 1992 only - Dec 31 0:00 0 -
# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
Zone America/Bogota -4:56:20 - LMT 1884 Mar 13
-4:56:20 - BMT 1914 Nov 23 # Bogota Mean Time
-5:00 CO CO%sT # Colombia Time
# Malpelo, Providencia, San Andres
# no information; probably like America/Bogota
# Curacao
# Shanks says that Bottom and Oranjestad have been at -4:00 since
# standard time was introduced on 1912-03-02; and that Kralendijk and Rincon
# used Kralendijk Mean Time (-4:33:08) from 1912-02-02 to 1965-01-01.
# This all predates our 1970 cutoff, though.
# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
Zone America/Curacao -4:35:44 - LMT 1912 Feb 12 # Willemstad
-4:30 - ANT 1965 # Netherlands Antilles Time
-4:00 - AST
# Ecuador
# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
Zone America/Guayaquil -5:19:20 - LMT 1890
-5:14:00 - QMT 1931 # Quito Mean Time
-5:00 - ECT # Ecuador Time
Zone Pacific/Galapagos -5:58:24 - LMT 1931 # Puerto Baquerizo Moreno
-5:00 - ECT 1986
-6:00 - GALT # Galapagos Time
# Falklands
# From Paul Eggert (2001-03-05):
# Between 1990 and 2000 inclusive, Shanks and the IATA agree except
# the IATA gives 1996-09-08. Go with Shanks.
# From Falkland Islands Government Office, London (2001-01-22)
# via Jesper Norgaard:
# ... the clocks revert back to Local Mean Time at 2 am on Sunday 15
# April 2001 and advance one hour to summer time at 2 am on Sunday 2
# September. It is anticipated that the clocks will revert back at 2
# am on Sunday 21 April 2002 and advance to summer time at 2 am on
# Sunday 1 September.
# From Rives McDow (2001-02-13):
#
# I have communicated several times with people there, and the last
# time I had communications that was helpful was in 1998. Here is
# what was said then:
#
# "The general rule was that Stanley used daylight saving and the Camp
# did not. However for various reasons many people in the Camp have
# started to use daylight saving (known locally as 'Stanley Time')
# There is no rule as to who uses daylight saving - it is a matter of
# personal choice and so it is impossible to draw a map showing who
# uses it and who does not. Any list would be out of date as soon as
# it was produced. This year daylight saving ended on April 18/19th
# and started again on September 12/13th. I do not know what the rule
# is, but can find out if you like. We do not change at the same time
# as UK or Chile."
#
# I did have in my notes that the rule was "Second Saturday in Sep at
# 0:00 until third Saturday in Apr at 0:00". I think that this does
# not agree in some cases with Shanks; is this true?
#
# Also, there is no mention in the list that some areas in the
# Falklands do not use DST. I have found in my communications there
# that these areas are on the western half of East Falkland and all of
# West Falkland. Stanley is the only place that consistently observes
# DST. Again, as in other places in the world, the farmers don't like
# it. West Falkland is almost entirely sheep farmers.
#
# I know one lady there that keeps a list of which farm keeps DST and
# which doesn't each year. She runs a shop in Stanley, and says that
# the list changes each year. She uses it to communicate to her
# customers, catching them when they are home for lunch or dinner.
# From Paul Eggert (2001-03-05):
# For now, we'll just record the time in Stanley, since we have no
# better info.
# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
Rule Falk 1937 1938 - Sep lastSun 0:00 1:00 S
Rule Falk 1938 1942 - Mar Sun>=19 0:00 0 -
Rule Falk 1939 only - Oct 1 0:00 1:00 S
Rule Falk 1940 1942 - Sep lastSun 0:00 1:00 S
Rule Falk 1943 only - Jan 1 0:00 0 -
Rule Falk 1983 only - Sep lastSun 0:00 1:00 S
Rule Falk 1984 1985 - Apr lastSun 0:00 0 -
Rule Falk 1984 only - Sep 16 0:00 1:00 S
Rule Falk 1985 2000 - Sep Sun>=9 0:00 1:00 S
Rule Falk 1986 2000 - Apr Sun>=16 0:00 0 -
Rule Falk 2001 max - Apr Sun>=15 2:00 0 -
Rule Falk 2001 max - Sep Sun>=1 2:00 1:00 S
# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
Zone Atlantic/Stanley -3:51:24 - LMT 1890
-3:51:24 - SMT 1912 Mar 12 # Stanley Mean Time
-4:00 Falk FK%sT 1983 May # Falkland Is Time
-3:00 Falk FK%sT 1985 Sep 15
-4:00 Falk FK%sT
# French Guiana
# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
Zone America/Cayenne -3:29:20 - LMT 1911 Jul
-4:00 - GFT 1967 Oct # French Guiana Time
-3:00 - GFT
# Guyana
# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
Zone America/Guyana -3:52:40 - LMT 1915 Mar # Georgetown
-3:45 - GBGT 1966 May 26 # Br Guiana Time
-3:45 - GYT 1975 Jul 31 # Guyana Time
-3:00 - GYT 1991
# IATA SSIM (1996-06) says -4:00. Assume a 1991 switch.
-4:00 - GYT
# Paraguay
# From Paul Eggert (1999-10-29):
# Shanks (1999) says that spring transitions are from 01:00 -> 02:00,
# and autumn transitions are from 00:00 -> 23:00. Go with earlier
# editions of Shanks, and with the IATA, who say transitions occur at 00:00.
# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
Rule Para 1975 1988 - Oct 1 0:00 1:00 S
Rule Para 1975 1978 - Mar 1 0:00 0 -
Rule Para 1979 1991 - Apr 1 0:00 0 -
Rule Para 1989 only - Oct 22 0:00 1:00 S
Rule Para 1990 only - Oct 1 0:00 1:00 S
Rule Para 1991 only - Oct 6 0:00 1:00 S
Rule Para 1992 only - Mar 1 0:00 0 -
Rule Para 1992 only - Oct 5 0:00 1:00 S
Rule Para 1993 only - Mar 31 0:00 0 -
Rule Para 1993 1995 - Oct 1 0:00 1:00 S
Rule Para 1994 1995 - Feb lastSun 0:00 0 -
Rule Para 1996 only - Mar 1 0:00 0 -
# IATA SSIM (2000-02) says 1999-10-10; ignore this for now.
# From Steffen Thorsen (2000-10-02):
# I have three independent reports that Paraguay changed to DST this Sunday
# (10-01).
#
# Translated by Gwillim Law (2001-02-27) from
# <a href="http://www.diarionoticias.com.py/011000/nacional/naciona1.htm">
# Noticias, a daily paper in Asuncion, Paraguay (2000-10-01)
# </a>:
# Starting at 0:00 today, the clock will be set forward 60 minutes, in
# fulfillment of Decree No. 7,273 of the Executive Power.... The time change
# system has been operating for several years. Formerly there was a separate
# decree each year; the new law has the same effect, but permanently. Every
# year, the time will change on the first Sunday of October; likewise, the
# clock will be set back on the first Sunday of March.
#
# From Jesper Norgaard (2001-03-06) [an official URL saying similar things]:
# http://gateway.abc.com.py:8000/pub/pag04.mbr/artic?FHA=2001-03-03-02.24.52.…
#
Rule Para 1996 max - Oct Sun>=1 0:00 1:00 S
# IATA SSIM (1997-09) says Mar 1; go with Shanks.
Rule Para 1997 only - Feb lastSun 0:00 0 -
# Shanks says 1999-02-28; IATA SSIM (1999-02) says 1999-02-27, but
# (1999-09) reports no date; go with above sources and Gerd Knops (2001-02-27).
Rule Para 1998 max - Mar Sun>=1 0:00 0 -
# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
Zone America/Asuncion -3:50:40 - LMT 1890
-3:50:40 - AMT 1931 Oct 10 # Asuncion Mean Time
-4:00 - PYT 1972 Oct # Paraguay Time
-3:00 - PYT 1974 Apr
-4:00 Para PY%sT
# Peru
# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
Rule Peru 1938 only - Jan 1 0:00 1:00 S
Rule Peru 1938 only - Apr 1 0:00 0 -
Rule Peru 1938 1939 - Sep lastSun 0:00 1:00 S
Rule Peru 1939 1940 - Mar Sun>=24 0:00 0 -
Rule Peru 1987 only - Jan 1 0:00 1:00 S
Rule Peru 1987 only - Apr 1 0:00 0 -
Rule Peru 1990 only - Jan 1 0:00 1:00 S
Rule Peru 1990 only - Apr 1 0:00 0 -
# IATA is ambiguous for 1993/1995; go with Shanks.
Rule Peru 1994 only - Jan 1 0:00 1:00 S
Rule Peru 1994 only - Apr 1 0:00 0 -
# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
Zone America/Lima -5:08:12 - LMT 1890
-5:09 - LMT 1908 Jul 28 # Lima Mean Time
-5:00 Peru PE%sT # Peru Time
# South Georgia
# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
Zone Atlantic/South_Georgia -2:26:08 - LMT 1890 # Grytviken
-2:00 - GST # South Georgia Time
# South Sandwich Is
# uninhabited; scientific personnel have wintered
# Suriname
# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
Zone America/Paramaribo -3:40:40 - LMT 1911
-3:40:52 - PMT 1935 # Paramaribo Mean Time
-3:40:36 - PMT 1945 Oct # The capital moved?
-3:30 - NEGT 1975 Nov 20 # Dutch Guiana Time
-3:30 - SRT 1984 Oct # Suriname Time
-3:00 - SRT
# Trinidad and Tobago
# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
Zone America/Port_of_Spain -4:06:04 - LMT 1912 Mar 2
-4:00 - AST
# Uruguay
# From Paul Eggert <eggert(a)twinsun.com> (1993-11-18):
# Uruguay wins the prize for the strangest peacetime manipulation of the rules.
# From Shanks:
# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
# Whitman gives 1923 Oct 1; go with Shanks.
Rule Uruguay 1923 only - Oct 2 0:00 0:30 HS
Rule Uruguay 1924 1926 - Apr 1 0:00 0 -
Rule Uruguay 1924 1925 - Oct 1 0:00 0:30 HS
Rule Uruguay 1933 1935 - Oct lastSun 0:00 0:30 HS
# Shanks gives 1935 Apr 1 0:00 and 1936 Mar 30 0:00; go with Whitman.
Rule Uruguay 1934 1936 - Mar Sat>=25 23:30s 0 -
Rule Uruguay 1936 only - Nov 1 0:00 0:30 HS
Rule Uruguay 1937 1941 - Mar lastSun 0:00 0 -
# Whitman gives 1937 Oct 3; go with Shanks.
Rule Uruguay 1937 1940 - Oct lastSun 0:00 0:30 HS
# Whitman gives 1941 Oct 24 - 1942 Mar 27, 1942 Dec 14 - 1943 Apr 13,
# and 1943 Apr 13 ``to present time''; go with Shanks.
Rule Uruguay 1941 only - Aug 1 0:00 0 -
Rule Uruguay 1942 only - Jan 1 0:00 0:30 HS
Rule Uruguay 1942 only - Dec 14 0:00 1:00 S
Rule Uruguay 1943 only - Mar 14 0:00 0 -
Rule Uruguay 1959 only - May 24 0:00 1:00 S
Rule Uruguay 1959 only - Nov 15 0:00 0 -
Rule Uruguay 1960 only - Jan 17 0:00 1:00 S
Rule Uruguay 1960 only - Mar 6 0:00 0 -
Rule Uruguay 1965 1967 - Apr Sun>=1 0:00 1:00 S
Rule Uruguay 1965 only - Sep 26 0:00 0 -
Rule Uruguay 1966 1967 - Oct 31 0:00 0 -
Rule Uruguay 1968 1970 - May 27 0:00 0:30 HS
Rule Uruguay 1968 1970 - Dec 2 0:00 0 -
Rule Uruguay 1972 only - Apr 24 0:00 1:00 S
Rule Uruguay 1972 only - Aug 15 0:00 0 -
Rule Uruguay 1974 only - Mar 10 0:00 0:30 HS
Rule Uruguay 1974 only - Dec 22 0:00 1:00 S
Rule Uruguay 1976 only - Oct 1 0:00 0 -
Rule Uruguay 1977 only - Dec 4 0:00 1:00 S
Rule Uruguay 1978 only - Apr 1 0:00 0 -
Rule Uruguay 1979 only - Oct 1 0:00 1:00 S
Rule Uruguay 1980 only - May 1 0:00 0 -
Rule Uruguay 1987 only - Dec 14 0:00 1:00 S
Rule Uruguay 1988 only - Mar 14 0:00 0 -
Rule Uruguay 1988 only - Dec 11 0:00 1:00 S
Rule Uruguay 1989 only - Mar 12 0:00 0 -
Rule Uruguay 1989 only - Oct 29 0:00 1:00 S
# Shanks says no DST was observed in 1990/1 and 1991/2,
# and that 1992/3's DST was from 10-25 to 03-01. Go with IATA.
Rule Uruguay 1990 1992 - Mar Sun>=1 0:00 0 -
Rule Uruguay 1990 1991 - Oct Sun>=21 0:00 1:00 S
Rule Uruguay 1992 only - Oct 18 0:00 1:00 S
Rule Uruguay 1993 only - Feb 28 0:00 0 -
# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
Zone America/Montevideo -3:44:44 - LMT 1898 Jun 28
-3:44:44 - MMT 1920 May 1 # Montevideo MT
-3:30 Uruguay UY%sT 1942 Dec 14 # Uruguay Time
-3:00 Uruguay UY%sT
# Venezuela
# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
Zone America/Caracas -4:27:44 - LMT 1890
-4:27:44 - CMT 1912 Feb 12 # Caracas Mean Time
-4:30 - VET 1965 # Venezuela Time
-4:00 - VET
1
0
April 17, 2001
David Begley is not on the time zone mailing list; direct replies
appropriately.
--ado
-----Original Message-----
From: David J N Begley [mailto:d.begley@uws.edu.au]
Sent: Thursday, March 22, 2001 3:40 AM
To: Time Zone Database
Subject: Updated Australian time zone names/strings
To whom it may concern...
Summary:
I'd like to request the "EST/EST" time zone strings for Australian eastern
standard and summer/daylight-savings time be changed to "AEST/AEDT", given
that "EST/EST":
- clashes with an existing U.S. time zone;
- gives no indication of the difference between standard/d'light savings;
- is unnecessarily confusing;
- is incorrectly quoted from the time zone database as authoritative; and,
- does not necessarily gel with "common practice" in Australia.
Whilst it is arguable exactly what string/abbreviation should be used in the
absence of formal standards, I present "common usage" examples below and
argue
that at the very least, the abbreviations for standard and daylight savings
time should be *different*.
Detail:
Checking the tzdata2001a archive (and various UNIX systems), Australian
eastern time zones (particularly "Australia/Sydney") use the time zone
string
"EST" for both standard and summer/daylight-savings time. Notionally, this
is
just a visual issue that doesn't really bring the IT industry to its knees
if
it's wrong since most decent systems work directly on the UTC offset
instead.
However, some systems use the time zone database as an "expert reference"
from
which to extrapolate incorrect information - it is this that triggered my
submission to you.
For example, the time zone database includes the following comment:
# From John Mackin (1991-03-06):
# We in Australia have _never_ referred to DST as `daylight' time.
# It is called `summer' time. Now by a happy coincidence, `summer'
# and `standard' happen to start with the same letter; hence, the
# abbreviation does _not_ change...
I can't speak for Mr Mackin's direct experience, but I can most certainly
contest the assertion that, "We in Australia have _never_ referred to DST as
`daylight' time" - certainly everyone I know (and myself, of course) have
always used the term "daylight savings" rather than "summer time".
I've used UNIX systems for years so to a certain degree I'm used to this
"error" in the time zone database; however, now that people are using the
database as an authoritative resource (despite the comments in the file to
the
contrary), I thought it only fair to request a correction (in the hope that
those relying on the database will in turn correct their information).
Mr Mackin continues:
# The legislation does not actually define abbreviations, at least
# in this State, but the abbreviation is just commonly taken to be the
# initials of the phrase, and the legislation here uniformly uses
# the phrase `summer time' and does not use the phrase `daylight
# time'.
Unfortunately Mr Mackin does not indicate to what State he refers, but in
*this* State (New South Wales - NSW), the relevant legislation clearly uses
both terms (summer time and daylight savings) interchangeably; for
reference,
see the Standard Time Act 1987 (NSW), which *predates* Mr Mackin's comment:
"New South Wales Consolidated Acts - STANDARD TIME ACT 1987"
http://www.austlii.edu.au/au/legis/nsw/consol_act/sta1987137/
Whilst the Act clearly defines "standard time" and "summer time", it also
makes specific mention of "daylight saving":
- the long title of the legislation is:
"An Act relating to standard time and daylight saving in New South Wales."
- part 3 of the Act, talking about summer time, is in fact entitled:
"PART 3 - DAYLIGHT SAVING"
For further evidence of the use of the term "daylight saving", see:
"Time in New South Wales"
(NSW Attorney General's Department)
http://www.lawlink.nsw.gov.au/crd.nsf/pages/time1
"Daylight Saving in New South Wales"
(NSW Department of Public Works and Services)
http://dir.gis.nsw.gov.au/cgi-bin/genobject/document/other/daylightsaving/ti
gGmZITWr0
"When does daylight savings start in Australia?"
(National Standards Commission)
http://www.nsc.gov.au/PAGES/Info/info_faq.html#Daylight Savings
"Daylight Saving"
(National Standards Commission)
http://www.nsc.gov.au/PDF_WORD/Info/IL27.pdf
Clearly, the assertion that Australia always uses the term "summer time"
instead of "daylight time" or "daylight savings" (and therefore, the time
zone
abbreviations must be the same) is *incorrect*.
The confusion arises because in Australia it is the States (not the
Federal/national government) that legislate time changes during the summer
months; whilst technically it is a federal responsibility under the
constitution (as a measure related to commerce), the parliament has never
really been able to pass legislation on the matter due to the fear that the
States would see this as removing some of their legislative powers (see
Hansard, Commonwealth House of Representatives, 1991).
Subsequently, there is no standard name for time zones or summer clock
shifts
just "common use" (for various definitions of "common") that sometimes vary
from State to State. In the media you will experience all manner of phrases
used such as "Eastern Time", "Summer Time", "Sydney Time" and numerous other
variants; for example, C&W Optus (a large telco) uses abbreviations such as
"AEDST" when referring to Australian eastern daylight savings time.
I suspect, apart from Mr Mackin's comments above, that the local use of the
phrase "Eastern Standard Time" (which is clearly local in context) is what
has
led to the use of the ambiguous "EST" in the time zone database. More
recently, however, the media is recognising the global context (rather than
local) and starting to prefix time zone references with "Australian" (more
on
this below).
As noted above, this confusing lack of standards, local phrases and personal
experiences have found their way into the time zone database, into nearly
every UNIX system (well...) and has now created even more confusion,
especially as some people start to quote the time zone database as
authoritative. For example:
"Australian time zones and their naming variants account for fully one
quarter of all time zones in the Postgres time zone lookup table."
http://www.postgresql.org/users-lounge/docs/7.0/user/datetime-appendix.htm
(Caused by wierd variants - many of which I must admit to never having seen
in
use - to the ambiguous "EST". Also note that they recognise "AEST".)
More of a concern, is this:
"4.5. The timezone string for Sydney/Australia is wrong since even when
daylight saving time is in effect the timezone string is EST.
"{UD} The problem for some timezones is that the local authorities decided
to use the term 'summer time' instead of 'daylight saving time'. In this
case the abbreviation character `S' is the same as the standard one. So,
for
Sydney we have
Eastern Standard Time = EST
Eastern Summer Time = EST
Great! To get this bug fixed convince the authorities to change the laws
and regulations of the country this effects. glibc behaves correctly."
http://www.gnu.org/software/libc/FAQ.html
This is clearly based on Mr Mackin's comment in the time zone database, and
as
I have demonstrated is wrong (in terms of the legislation and government
use).
Unfortunately, despite the evidence, the glibc authors simply point to the
time zone database as authoritative and allow this error to continue.
glibc is *not* behaving correctly, nor is the time zone database (but to
correct glibc I need to get the time zone database updated).
So.. by this time I hope I've demonstrated that it *is* legitimate (and
correct) to use a different abbreviation for daylight savings/summer time;
all that remains is to demonstrate why I've chosen "AEST" and "AEDT" to
replace "EST" for standard and daylight savings time respectively.
Well, ignoring my own use of these abbreviations, some "common use"
includes:
- Australian Broadcasting Corporation <http://www.abc.net.au/news/>
- Browse the ABC News site and see the instances of "AEST" and "AEDT"
(even "ACST" and "AWST" for central and western standard time) in
reference to eastern standard or eastern summer time depending on
whether that particular State observes daylight savings or not.
- In particular, see the "Posted" timestamps at:
<http://www.abc.net.au/news/state/nsw/default.htm>
- The home page currently has a timestamp (towards page top-right) of:
"This Bulletin: Thu, Mar 22 2001 4:15 PM AEDT".
- Even at the bottom of the first news page is the explanation of "AEDT"
(which may disappear this weekend when DST ends in NSW):
"AEDT = Australian Eastern Daylight Time which is 11 hours ahead
of UTC (Greenwich Mean Time)"
- These pages also appear in a search of the Commonwealth Government's
<http://www.fed.gov.au/> Web site.
- Australian Department of Defence <http://www.defence.gov.au/>
- See various media releases, for example, referring to times in
either "AEST" or "AEDT", including:
<http://www.defence.gov.au/media/1997/05797.html>
<http://www.defence.gov.au/media/1997/01197.html>
- National Library of Australia <http://www.nla.gov.au/>
- Search their Web site for "AEST", references to contacting them
give times in this time zone:
<http://www.nla.gov.au/dss/libraries_os.html#express>
- Australian Taxation Office (ATO)
- http://www.ato.gov.au/content.asp?doc=/content/tax_reform/nat3402.htm
- Australian Football League (AFL)
- Fixture times: <http://www.afl.com.au/matches/season_111.htm>
- Australian Cricket Board (ACB)
- Live game coverage:
<http://www-aus.cricket.org/link_to_database/NATIONAL/AUS/MATCHES/>
- "The Australian" (and other Murdoch/News-owned newspapers)
- Example:
<http://australianit.news.com.au/common/storyPage/0,3811,902553%255E2184,00.
html>
- You have to "view source" to see the "Updated...AEST"
- Visible at the very bottom, "All times AEDT"
- Other (small sample)
- NineMSN's News service <http://www.news.ninemsn.com.au/>
(notice current time given in AEDT)
- "...each fortnightly Sunday morning at 8am AEST/AEDT"
http://news.ninemsn.com.au/smallbusiness/help/help9.asp
- AAP IS/News, as viewed through <http://au.dailynews.yahoo.com/>
(pick AAP-sourced articles and notice times in "AEDT" and "AEST")
The examples go on and on. As you can see, it is not just government sites
using the time zones "AEST" and "AEDT" in this manner. An argument could
probably be mounted to have all the Australian time zones altered
accordingly
(probably along the lines used by the ABC and The Australian), but it's
mainly
the Australia/Sydney time zone that interests me at present.
I hope this is sufficient information/examples for consideration, but would
be
happy to provide further info/examples if necessary.
Thanks for your consideration (and sorry for this being so long); hope to
hear your comments soon.
Cheers..
dave
6
9
Hi,
Im new to the list so forgive me if this has already been discused.
I administer a bunch of Solaris and Linux (RedHat 6.x/7.x) machines and a
month or so ago, all of the Linuxes went one hour early...
It was quite clear that it was related to a timezone problem... the
problem was I never quite understood the format of the zoneinfo files...
anyway, I got the latest files from ftp://elsie.nci.nih.gov/pub/ to try
to solve the problem, but it didn't work...
I just saw that there is another release (2001b), but the bug is still
there...
I edited the southamerica file by hand not exactly knowing what I'm
doing, but I kinda fixed it.
The point is that as far as I remember, in the last 3 or 4 years, DST was
not used (there were a few decrees and I think there was a failed
national survey, but eventually, DST was not applied).
Anyway, the "least damage" editing I could think of (not fully
understanding the zoneinfo file logic) was deleting all the zone data
regarding the year 2000 rule for all Argentine cities in the file
(Buenos_Aires, Rosario, Cordoba, Jujuy, Catamarca and Mendoza).
It worked, though I ain't quite sure if it will go wrong in October...
Probably, the rule itself should be erased, though I didn't do it...
Is there a somehow concise explanation of the format of the zoneinfo
files, other than the comments in the file itself?... in fact, I only
checked the southamerica file, maybe there is another one with a better
explanation...
I actually don't have the laws, decrees and/or Supreme Court roulings
regarding DST to justify what I am doing, but I DO know what time is it
now :-) (and the fact that it's 3 hours west from GMT, and that I didn't
change to DST for more than a couple of years).
If I get to understand the format and relationship betwenn Rules and
Zones I can correct the Rules/Zones for the couple of last years... I
actually don't have previous data, and given the conflicts DST generated
the last time it was used (I can't even remember when that was) I don't
think there IS a knowledgable source for the past, other than what was
put in there by other people in the past.
TIA.
If you are interested this is the diff output:
=================================================================
# diff southamerica.wrong southamerica.better
137d136
< -4:00 Arg AR%sT 2000 Mar 3 0:00
148d146
< -4:00 Arg AR%sT 2000 Mar 3 0:00
159d156
< -4:00 Arg AR%sT 2000 Mar 3 0:00
172d168
< -4:00 Arg AR%sT 2000 Mar 3 0:00
184d179
< -4:00 Arg AR%sT 2000 Mar 3 0:00
197d191
< -4:00 Arg AR%sT 2000 Mar 3 0:00
=================================================================
--
Mariano Absatz
baby(a)baby.com.ar
1
0
List of time zones compliant both for Linux, Solaris 5.8, OSF1 Tru64, HP-UX
by francois reygagne April 16, 2001
by francois reygagne April 16, 2001
April 16, 2001
I need if possible the same timezone lists for the platforms listed
bellow
Linux, Solaris 5.8, OSF1 Tru64, HP-UX to make portable the handling
of timezones. I'm afraid when i took a look to the differents unix os
flavors
the timezone strings are not the same according to the targetted
platforms.
I discovered the timezones defined by Solaris is only the single as the
OLSON data.
I'm wondering if it could be possible to use the OLSON data and code
instead
the specific target OS stuff. This could be very convenient and resolve
my problem
of porting. If the answer is Yes, How could we use OLSON data and code
for each
paltforms. Is there an installation guide to override the default
platform timezone stuff.
If the response is No, how to make an association code between the
different timezones list.
Please enclosed here after the timezone lists for each platform:
============================================================
HP-UX
# @(#) $Revision: 80.4.1.6 $
# Mitteleuropaeische Zeit, Mitteleuropaeische Sommerzeit
MEZ-1MESZ
0 3 25-31 3 1983-2038 0 MESZ-2
0 2 24-30 9 1983-1995 0 MEZ-1
0 2 25-31 10 1996-2038 0 MEZ-1
# Middle European Time, Middle European Time Daylight Savings Time
MET-1METDST
0 3 25-31 3 1983-2038 0 METDST-2
0 2 24-30 9 1983-1995 0 MET-1
0 2 25-31 10 1996-2038 0 MET-1
# Greenwich Mean Time, British Summer Time
GMT0BST
0 3 25-31 3 1983-1984 0 BST-1
0 3 23-29 3 1985-1990 0 BST-1
0 3 25-31 3 1991-1995 0 BST-1
0 2 25-31 3 1996-2038 0 BST-1
0 1 25-31 10 1983-1985 0 GMT0
0 1 23-29 10 1986-1994 0 GMT0
0 1 18-24 10 1995 0 GMT0
0 1 25-31 10 1996-2038 0 GMT0
# Pacific Standard Time, Pacific Daylight Time
PST8PDT
0 3 24-30 4 1970-1973 0 PDT7
0 3 6 1 1974 0-6 PDT7
0 3 22-28 2 1975 0 PDT7
0 3 24-30 4 1976-1986 0 PDT7
0 3 1-7 4 1987-2038 0 PDT7
0 1 25-31 10 1970-1973 0 PST8
0 1 24-30 11 1974 0 PST8
0 1 25-31 10 1975-2038 0 PST8
# Eastern Standard Time, Eastern Daylight Time
EST5EDT
0 3 24-30 4 1970-1973 0 EDT4
0 3 6 1 1974 0-6 EDT4
0 3 22-28 2 1975 0 EDT4
0 3 24-30 4 1976-1986 0 EDT4
0 3 1-7 4 1987-2038 0 EDT4
0 1 25-31 10 1970-1973 0 EST5
0 1 24-30 11 1974 0 EST5
0 1 25-31 10 1975-2038 0 EST5
# Central Standard Time, Central Daylight Time
CST6CDT
0 3 24-30 4 1970-1973 0 CDT5
0 3 6 1 1974 0-6 CDT5
0 3 22-28 2 1975 0 CDT5
0 3 24-30 4 1976-1986 0 CDT5
0 3 1-7 4 1987-2038 0 CDT5
0 1 25-31 10 1970-1973 0 CST6
0 1 24-30 11 1974 0 CST6
0 1 25-31 10 1975-2038 0 CST6
# Mountain Standard Time, Mountain Daylight Time
MST7MDT
0 3 24-30 4 1970-1973 0 MDT6
0 3 6 1 1974 0-6 MDT6
0 3 22-28 2 1975 0 MDT6
0 3 24-30 4 1976-1986 0 MDT6
0 3 1-7 4 1987-2038 0 MDT6
0 1 25-31 10 1970-1973 0 MST7
0 1 24-30 11 1974 0 MST7
0 1 25-31 10 1975-2038 0 MST7
# Atlantic Standard Time, Atlantic Daylight Time
AST4ADT
0 3 24-30 4 1970-1973 0 ADT3
0 3 6 1 1974 0-6 ADT3
0 3 22-28 2 1975 0 ADT3
0 3 24-30 4 1976-1986 0 ADT3
0 3 1-7 4 1987-2038 0 ADT3
0 1 25-31 10 1970-1973 0 AST4
0 1 24-30 11 1974 0 AST4
0 1 25-31 10 1975-2038 0 AST4
# Newfoundland Standard Time, Newfoundland Daylight Time
NST3:30NDT
0 3 24-30 4 1970-1973 0 NDT2:30
0 3 6 1 1974 0-6 NDT2:30
0 3 22-28 2 1975 0 NDT2:30
0 3 24-30 4 1976-1986 0 NDT2:30
0 3 1-7 4 1987-2038 0 NDT2:30
0 1 25-31 10 1970-1973 0 NST3:30
0 1 24-30 11 1974 0 NST3:30
0 1 25-31 10 1975-2038 0 NST3:30
# Eastern Standard Time, Central Daylight Time (US: Indiana)
EST5CDT
0 3 24-30 4 1970-1973 0 CDT5
0 3 6 1 1974 0-6 CDT5
0 3 22-28 2 1975 0 CDT5
0 3 24-30 4 1976-1986 0 CDT5
0 3 1-7 4 1987-2038 0 CDT5
0 1 25-31 10 1970-1973 0 EST5
0 1 24-30 11 1974 0 EST5
0 1 25-31 10 1975-2038 0 EST5
# Aleutian Standard Time, Aleutian Daylight Time
AST10ADT
0 3 24-30 4 1970-1973 0 ADT9
0 3 6 1 1974 0-6 ADT9
0 3 22-28 2 1975 0 ADT9
0 3 24-30 4 1976-1986 0 ADT9
0 3 1-7 4 1987-2038 0 ADT9
0 1 25-31 10 1970-1973 0 AST10
0 1 24-30 11 1974 0 AST10
0 1 25-31 10 1975-2038 0 AST10
# Yukon Standard Time, Yukon Daylight Time
YST9YDT
0 3 24-30 4 1970-1973 0 YDT8
0 3 6 1 1974 0-6 YDT8
0 3 22-28 2 1975 0 YDT8
0 3 24-30 4 1976-1986 0 YDT8
0 3 1-7 4 1987-2038 0 YDT8
0 1 25-31 10 1970-1973 0 YST9
0 1 24-30 11 1974 0 YST9
0 1 25-31 10 1975-2038 0 YST9
# Western European Time, Western European Time Daylight Savings Time
WET0WETDST
0 3 25-31 3 1983-1984 0 WETDST-1
0 3 23-29 3 1985-1995 0 WETDST-1
0 2 25-31 3 1996-2038 0 WETDST-1
0 1 25-31 10 1983-1985 0 WET0
0 1 23-29 10 1986-1995 0 WET0
0 1 25-31 10 1996-2038 0 WET0
# Portuguese Winter Time, Portuguese Summer Time
PWT0PST
0 2 25-31 3 1983-2038 0 PST-1
0 1 25-31 10 1983-2038 0 PWT0
# South Africa Standard Time
SAST-2
0 1 1-7 3 1985-2038 0 SAST-2
# Australian Central Standard Time, Australian Central Daylight Time
# (South Australia)
#
# This entry has been changed to allow for a later ending of
# daylight savings time from 1995 onwards in South Australia.
# It now ends in the last week of March.
#
CST-9:30CDT
0 3 25-31 10 1971-2038 0 CDT-10:30
0 1 27 2 1972 0-6 CST-9:30
0 1 1-7 3 1973-1994 0 CST-9:30
0 2 25-31 3 1995-2038 0 CST-9:30
# Australian Eastern Standard Time, Australian Eastern Daylight Time
#
# This entry has been changed to allow for a later ending of
# daylight savings time from 1996 onwards.
# It now ends in the last week of March.
#
EST-10EDT
0 3 25-31 10 1971-2038 0 EDT-11
0 1 27 2 1972 0-6 EST-10
0 1 1-7 3 1973-1985 0 EST-10
0 1 15-21 3 1986 0 EST-10
0 1 1-7 3 1987-1995 0 EST-10
0 2 25-31 3 1996-2038 0 EST-10
# New Zealand Standard Time, New Zealand Daylight Time
#
NZST-12NZDT
0 3 25-31 10 1985-1988 0 NZDT-13
0 3 8 10 1989 0-6 NZDT-13
0 3 1-7 10 1990-2038 0 NZDT-13
0 1 1-7 3 1985-1989 0 NZST-12
0 1 15-21 3 1990-2038 0 NZST-12
# Pacific Standard Time, Pacific Daylight Time (for Malaysia or
Singapore)
#
PST-8PDT
0 1 1-7 4 1996-2038 0 PDT-9
0 1 25-31 10 1996-2038 0 PST-8
# Finland Standard Time, Finland Daylight Time
#
EET-2EETDST
0 3 25-31 3 1981-2038 0 EETDST-3
0 4 24-30 9 1981-2038 0 EET-2
# The timezones named above should be used in preference to those below
except
# for dates prior to 1987 for Tasmania. US and Canada use the same
rules so
# the simpler timezone strings above will work for both countries.
# Australian Eastern Standard Time, Australian Eastern Daylight Time
(Tasmania)
# (same as EST-10EDT for 1987 - 2038)
#
# This entry has been changed to allow for an earlier starting
# and later ending of daylight savings time from 1995 onwards
# in Tasmania. It starts in the first week of October and
# ends in the last week of March.
EST-10EDT#Tasmania
0 3 25-31 10 1971-1994 0 EDT#Tasmania-11
0 3 1-7 10 1995-2038 0 EDT#Tasmania-11
0 1 27 2 1972 0-6 EST-10
0 1 1-7 3 1973-1994 0 EST-10
0 1 25-31 3 1995-2038 0 EST-10
# Australian Eastern Standard Time, Australian Eastern Daylight Time
#
# This entry has been changed to allow for a later ending of
# daylight savings time from 1996 onwards.
# It now ends in the last week of March.
# (New South Wales)
EST-10EDT#NSW
0 3 25-31 10 1971-2038 0 EDT#NSW-11
0 1 27 2 1972 0-6 EST-10
0 1 1-7 3 1973-1985 0 EST-10
0 1 15-21 3 1986 0 EST-10
0 2 1-7 3 1987-1995 0 EST-10
0 2 25-31 3 1996-2038 0 EST-10
# Australian Eastern Standard Time, Australian Eastern Daylight Time
#
# This entry has been changed to allow for a later ending of
# daylight savings time from 1995 onwards.
# It now ends in the last week of March.
# (Victoria)
EST-10EDT#VIC
0 3 25-31 10 1971-2038 0 EDT#VIC-11
0 1 27 2 1972 0-6 EST-10
0 1 1-7 3 1973-1985 0 EST-10
0 1 15-21 3 1986 0 EST-10
0 1 1-7 3 1987-1994 0 EST-10
0 2 25-31 3 1995-2038 0 EST-10
# Pacific Standard Time, Pacific Daylight Time (Canada)
PST8PDT#Canada
0 3 24-30 4 1970-1973 0 PDT#Canada7
0 3 6 1 1974 0-6 PDT#Canada7
0 3 22-28 2 1975 0 PDT#Canada7
0 3 24-30 4 1976-1986 0 PDT#Canada7
0 3 1-7 4 1987-2038 0 PDT#Canada7
0 1 25-31 10 1970-1973 0 PST8
0 1 24-30 11 1974 0 PST8
0 1 25-31 10 1975-2038 0 PST8
# Mountain Standard Time, Mountain Daylight Time (Canada)
MST7MDT#Canada
0 3 24-30 4 1970-1973 0 MDT#Canada6
0 3 6 1 1974 0-6 MDT#Canada6
0 3 22-28 2 1975 0 MDT#Canada6
0 3 24-30 4 1976-1986 0 MDT#Canada6
0 3 1-7 4 1987-2038 0 MDT#Canada6
0 1 25-31 10 1970-1973 0 MST7
0 1 24-30 11 1974 0 MST7
0 1 25-31 10 1975-2038 0 MST7
# Central Standard Time, Central Daylight Time (Canada)
CST6CDT#Canada
0 3 24-30 4 1970-1973 0 CDT#Canada5
0 3 6 1 1974 0-6 CDT#Canada5
0 3 22-28 2 1975 0 CDT#Canada5
0 3 24-30 4 1976-1986 0 CDT#Canada5
0 3 1-7 4 1987-2038 0 CDT#Canada5
0 1 25-31 10 1970-1973 0 CST6
0 1 24-30 11 1974 0 CST6
0 1 25-31 10 1975-2038 0 CST6
# Eastern Standard Time, Eastern Daylight Time (Canada)
EST5EDT#Canada
0 3 24-30 4 1970-1973 0 EDT#Canada4
0 3 6 1 1974 0-6 EDT#Canada4
0 3 22-28 2 1975 0 EDT#Canada4
0 3 24-30 4 1976-1986 0 EDT#Canada4
0 3 1-7 4 1987-2038 0 EDT#Canada4
0 1 25-31 10 1970-1973 0 EST5
0 1 24-30 11 1974 0 EST5
0 1 25-31 10 1975-2038 0 EST5
# Eastern Standard Time (US: Most of Indiana)
#
# This entry is added to correct the Indiana timezone because
# Indiana does not observe Daylight Savings Time. The original
# entry EST5CDT is kept to ensure backward compatibility.
EST5EST
0 3 24-30 4 1970-1973 0 EST5
0 3 6 1 1974 0-6 EST5
0 3 22-28 2 1975 0 EST5
0 3 24-30 4 1976-1986 0 EST5
0 3 1-7 4 1987-2038 0 EST5
0 1 25-31 10 1970-1973 0 EST5
0 1 24-30 11 1974 0 EST5
0 1 25-31 10 1975-2038 0 EST5
# Eastern Standard Time, Central Daylight Time (US: Indiana)
#
# This entry is for backward compatibility only, the correct entry
# is the EST5CDT entry above. This entry is incorrect because the
# "6" in EST6CDT below should be a "5". Other than the "6" being
# changed to "5", this entry and EST5CDT are the same and the
# end result of using either is identical.
#
EST6CDT
0 3 24-30 4 1970-1973 0 CDT5
0 3 6 1 1974 0-6 CDT5
0 3 22-28 2 1975 0 CDT5
0 3 24-30 4 1976-1986 0 CDT5
0 3 1-7 4 1987-2038 0 CDT5
0 1 25-31 10 1970-1973 0 EST5
0 1 24-30 11 1974 0 EST5
0 1 25-31 10 1975-2038 0 EST5
# Western Russia (Moscow) Time, Western Russia (Moscow) Daylight Savings
# Time
WST-3WSTDST
0 3 25-31 3 1983-2038 0 WSTDST-4
0 2 24-30 9 1983-1995 0 WST-3
0 2 25-31 10 1996-2038 0 WST-3
# Belorussia (minsk) Time, Belorussia (minsk) Daylight Savings Time
WST-2WSTDST
0 3 25-31 3 1983-2038 0 WSTDST-3
0 2 24-30 9 1983-1995 0 WST-2
0 2 25-31 10 1996-2038 0 WST-2
# European Russia (samara) Time, European Russia (samara) Daylight
Savings
#Time
WST-4WSTDST
0 3 25-31 3 1983-2038 0 WSTDST-5
0 2 24-30 9 1983-1995 0 WST-4
0 2 25-31 10 1996-2038 0 WST-4
# Urals (Ekaterinburg) Time, Urals (Ekaterinburg) Daylight Savings Time
WST-5WSTDST
0 3 25-31 3 1983-2038 0 WSTDST-6
0 2 24-30 9 1983-1995 0 WST-5
0 2 25-31 10 1996-2038 0 WST-5
# Western Siberia (Omsk), Western Siberia (Omsk) Daylight Savings Time
WST-6WSTDST
0 3 25-31 3 1983-2038 0 WSTDST-7
0 2 24-30 9 1983-1995 0 WST-6
0 2 25-31 10 1996-2038 0 WST-6
# Middle Siberia (Krasnoyarsk) Time, Middle Siberia (Krasnoyarsk)
# Daylight Savings Time
WST-7WSTDST
0 3 25-31 3 1983-2038 0 WSTDST-8
0 2 24-30 9 1983-1995 0 WST-7
0 2 25-31 10 1996-2038 0 WST-7
# Baikal lake (Irkutsk) Time, Baikal lake (Irkutsk) Daylight Savings
Time
WST-8WSTDST
0 3 25-31 3 1983-2038 0 WSTDST-9
0 2 24-30 9 1983-1995 0 WST-8
0 2 25-31 10 1996-2038 0 WST-8
# Eastern Siberia (Yakutsk) Time, Eastern Siberia (Yakutsk) Daylight
# Savings Time
WST-9WSTDST
0 3 25-31 3 1983-2038 0 WSTDST-10
0 2 24-30 9 1983-1995 0 WST-9
0 2 25-31 10 1996-2038 0 WST-9
# Far East (Khabarovsk) Time, Far East (Khabarovsk) Daylight Savings
# Time
WST-10WSTDST
0 3 25-31 3 1983-2038 0 WSTDST-11
0 2 24-30 9 1983-1995 0 WST-10
0 2 25-31 10 1996-2038 0 WST-10
# Russia Pacific (magadan) Time, Russia Pacific (magadan) Daylight
# Savings Time
WST-11WSTDST
0 3 25-31 3 1983-2038 0 WSTDST-12
0 2 24-30 9 1983-1995 0 WST-11
0 2 25-31 10 1996-2038 0 WST-11
# Kamchatka (Petropavlovsk-Kamchatskiy) Time, Kamchatka(Petropavlovsk
# -Kamchatskiy) Daylight Savings Time
WST-12WSTDST
0 3 25-31 3 1983-2038 0 WSTDST-13
0 2 24-30 9 1983-1995 0 WST-12
0 2 25-31 10 1996-2038 0 WST-12
__________________________________________________________________________
Solaris 5.8
2 ./Australia/Broken_Hill
2 ./Australia/LHI
2 ./Australia/NSW
2 ./Australia/North
2 ./Australia/Queensland
2 ./Australia/South
2 ./Australia/Tasmania
2 ./Australia/Victoria
2 ./Australia/West
20 ./Australia
2 ./Brazil/Acre
2 ./Brazil/DeNoronha
2 ./Brazil/East
2 ./Brazil/West
10 ./Brazil
4 ./Canada/Atlantic
2 ./Canada/Central
2 ./Canada/East-Saskatchewan
4 ./Canada/Eastern
2 ./Canada/Mountain
4 ./Canada/Newfoundland
2 ./Canada/Pacific
2 ./Canada/Yukon
24 ./Canada
2 ./Chile/Continental
2 ./Chile/EasterIsland
6 ./Chile
2 ./Etc/GMT
2 ./Etc/GMT+1
2 ./Etc/GMT+10
2 ./Etc/GMT+11
2 ./Etc/GMT+12
2 ./Etc/GMT+2
2 ./Etc/GMT+3
2 ./Etc/GMT+4
2 ./Etc/GMT+5
2 ./Etc/GMT+6
2 ./Etc/GMT+7
2 ./Etc/GMT+8
2 ./Etc/GMT+9
2 ./Etc/GMT-1
2 ./Etc/GMT-10
2 ./Etc/GMT-11
2 ./Etc/GMT-12
2 ./Etc/GMT-13
2 ./Etc/GMT-2
2 ./Etc/GMT-3
2 ./Etc/GMT-4
2 ./Etc/GMT-5
2 ./Etc/GMT-6
2 ./Etc/GMT-7
2 ./Etc/GMT-8
2 ./Etc/GMT-9
54 ./Etc
2 ./Mexico/BajaNorte
2 ./Mexico/BajaSur
2 ./Mexico/General
8 ./Mexico
8 ./Mideast/Riyadh87
8 ./Mideast/Riyadh88
8 ./Mideast/Riyadh89
26 ./Mideast
2 ./US/Alaska
2 ./US/Aleutian
2 ./US/Michigan
2 ./US/Samoa
2 ./US/Arizona
4 ./US/Central
2 ./US/East-Indiana
4 ./US/Eastern
2 ./US/Hawaii
2 ./US/Mountain
2 ./US/Pacific
28 ./US
6 ./src/README
40 ./src/africa
18 ./src/antarctica
86 ./src/asia
70 ./src/australasia
8 ./src/backward
6 ./src/etcetera
224 ./src/europe
2 ./src/factory
102 ./src/northamerica
4 ./src/pacificnew
38 ./src/solar87
38 ./src/solar88
40 ./src/solar89
54 ./src/southamerica
4 ./src/systemv
742 ./src
2 ./CET
2 ./Cuba
2 ./EET
2 ./Egypt
4 ./Eire
2 ./Factory
4 ./GB
2 ./Hongkong
2 ./Iceland
2 ./Iran
2 ./Israel
2 ./Jamaica
2 ./Japan
2 ./Kwajalein
2 ./Libya
2 ./MET
2 ./NZ
2 ./NZ-CHAT
2 ./PRC
2 ./Poland
4 ./Portugal
2 ./ROC
2 ./ROK
2 ./Singapore
2 ./Turkey
2 ./UCT
2 ./UTC
2 ./W-SU
2 ./WET
2 ./posixrules
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
TRU64
# Time Zone Selection List
#
# This is the list of time zones which are available for selection.
# This file is used by time zone selection utilities such as those
# called during installation. With a few exceptions, time zone names
# generally follow the naming convention of AREA/LOCATION. Time zones
# organized according to the older and less stable COUNTRY/ZONE format
# still exist under /etc/zoneinfo/ for compatibility. However, these
# are obsolete & are each linked to one of the preferred time zone
# files listed here.
#
Africa/Abidjan
Africa/Accra
Africa/Addis_Ababa
Africa/Algiers
Africa/Asmera
Africa/Bamako
Africa/Bangui
Africa/Banjul
Africa/Bissau
Africa/Blantyre
Africa/Brazzaville
Africa/Bujumbura
Africa/Cairo
Africa/Casablanca
Africa/Ceuta
Africa/Conakry
Africa/Dakar
Africa/Dar_es_Salaam
Africa/Djibouti
Africa/Douala
Africa/El_Aaiun
Africa/Freetown
Africa/Gaborone
Africa/Harare
Africa/Johannesburg
Africa/Kampala
Africa/Khartoum
Africa/Kigali
Africa/Kinshasa
Africa/Lagos
Africa/Libreville
Africa/Lome
Africa/Luanda
Africa/Lubumbashi
Africa/Lusaka
Africa/Malabo
Africa/Maputo
Africa/Maseru
Africa/Mbabane
Africa/Mogadishu
Africa/Monrovia
Africa/Nairobi
Africa/Ndjamena
Africa/Niamey
Africa/Nouakchott
Africa/Ouagadougou
Africa/Porto-Novo
Africa/Sao_Tome
Africa/Timbuktu
Africa/Tripoli
Africa/Tunis
Africa/Windhoek
America/Adak
America/Anchorage
America/Anguilla
America/Antigua
America/Araguaina
America/Aruba
America/Asuncion
America/Barbados
America/Belem
America/Belize
America/Bogota
America/Boise
America/Buenos_Aires
America/Cancun
America/Caracas
America/Catamarca
America/Cayenne
America/Cayman
America/Chicago
America/Chihuahua
America/Cordoba
America/Costa_Rica
America/Cuiaba
America/Curacao
America/Dawson
America/Dawson_Creek
America/Denver
America/Detroit
America/Dominica
America/Edmonton
America/El_Salvador
America/Ensenada
America/Fortaleza
America/Glace_Bay
America/Godthab
America/Goose_Bay
America/Grand_Turk
America/Grenada
America/Guadeloupe
America/Guatemala
America/Guayaquil
America/Guyana
America/Halifax
America/Havana
America/Indiana/Indianapolis
America/Indiana/Knox
America/Indiana/Marengo
America/Indiana/Vevay
America/Indianapolis
America/Inuvik
America/Iqaluit
America/Jamaica
America/Jujuy
America/Juneau
America/La_Paz
America/Lima
America/Los_Angeles
America/Louisville
America/Maceio
America/Managua
America/Manaus
America/Martinique
America/Mazatlan
America/Mendoza
America/Menominee
America/Mexico_City
America/Miquelon
America/Montevideo
America/Montreal
America/Montserrat
America/Nassau
America/New_York
America/Nipigon
America/Nome
America/Noronha
America/Panama
America/Pangnirtung
America/Paramaribo
America/Phoenix
America/Port-au-Prince
America/Port_of_Spain
America/Porto_Acre
America/Porto_Velho
America/Puerto_Rico
America/Rainy_River
America/Rankin_Inlet
America/Regina
America/Rosario
America/Santiago
America/Santo_Domingo
America/Sao_Paulo
America/Scoresbysund
America/Shiprock
America/St_Johns
America/St_Kitts
America/St_Lucia
America/St_Thomas
America/St_Vincent
America/Swift_Current
America/Tegucigalpa
America/Thule
America/Thunder_Bay
America/Tijuana
America/Tortola
America/Vancouver
America/Whitehorse
America/Winnipeg
America/Yakutat
America/Yellowknife
Antarctica/Casey
Antarctica/Davis
Antarctica/DumontDUrville
Antarctica/Mawson
Antarctica/McMurdo
Antarctica/Palmer
Antarctica/South_Pole
Antarctica/Syowa
Arctic/Longyearbyen
Asia/Aden
Asia/Almaty
Asia/Amman
Asia/Anadyr
Asia/Aqtau
Asia/Aqtobe
Asia/Ashkhabad
Asia/Baghdad
Asia/Bahrain
Asia/Baku
Asia/Bangkok
Asia/Beirut
Asia/Beijing
Asia/Bishkek
Asia/Brunei
Asia/Calcutta
Asia/Chungking
Asia/Colombo
Asia/Dacca
Asia/Damascus
Asia/Dubai
Asia/Dushanbe
Asia/Gaza
Asia/Harbin
Asia/Hong_Kong
Asia/Irkutsk
Asia/Istanbul
Asia/Jakarta
Asia/Jayapura
Asia/Jerusalem
Asia/Kabul
Asia/Kamchatka
Asia/Karachi
Asia/Kashgar
Asia/Katmandu
Asia/Krasnoyarsk
Asia/Kuala_Lumpur
Asia/Kuching
Asia/Kuwait
Asia/Macao
Asia/Magadan
Asia/Manila
Asia/Muscat
Asia/Nicosia
Asia/Novosibirsk
Asia/Omsk
Asia/Phnom_Penh
Asia/Pyongyang
Asia/Qatar
Asia/Rangoon
Asia/Riyadh
Asia/Saigon
Asia/Samarkand
Asia/Seoul
Asia/Shanghai
Asia/Singapore
Asia/Taipei
Asia/Tashkent
Asia/Tbilisi
Asia/Tehran
Asia/Thimbu
Asia/Tokyo
Asia/Ujung_Pandang
Asia/Ulan_Bator
Asia/Urumqi
Asia/Vientiane
Asia/Vladivostok
Asia/Yakutsk
Asia/Yekaterinburg
Asia/Yerevan
Atlantic/Azores
Atlantic/Bermuda
Atlantic/Canary
Atlantic/Cape_Verde
Atlantic/Faeroe
Atlantic/Jan_Mayen
Atlantic/Madeira
Atlantic/Reykjavik
Atlantic/South_Georgia
Atlantic/St_Helena
Atlantic/Stanley
Australia/Adelaide
Australia/Brisbane
Australia/Broken_Hill
Australia/Darwin
Australia/Hobart
Australia/Lindeman
Australia/Lord_Howe
Australia/Melbourne
Australia/Perth
Australia/Sydney
CET
CST6CDT
EET
EST
EST5EDT
Etc/GMT
Etc/GMT+0
Etc/GMT+1
Etc/GMT+10
Etc/GMT+11
Etc/GMT+12
Etc/GMT+13
Etc/GMT+2
Etc/GMT+3
Etc/GMT+4
Etc/GMT+5
Etc/GMT+6
Etc/GMT+7
Etc/GMT+8
Etc/GMT+9
Etc/GMT-0
Etc/GMT-1
Etc/GMT-10
Etc/GMT-11
Etc/GMT-12
Etc/GMT-13
Etc/GMT-14
Etc/GMT-2
Etc/GMT-3
Etc/GMT-4
Etc/GMT-5
Etc/GMT-6
Etc/GMT-7
Etc/GMT-8
Etc/GMT-9
Etc/GMT0
Etc/Greenwich
Etc/UCT
Etc/UTC
Etc/Universal
Etc/Zulu
Europe/Amsterdam
Europe/Andorra
Europe/Athens
Europe/Belfast
Europe/Belgrade
Europe/Berlin
Europe/Bratislava
Europe/Brussels
Europe/Bucharest
Europe/Budapest
Europe/Chisinau
Europe/Copenhagen
Europe/Dublin
Europe/Gibraltar
Europe/Helsinki
Europe/Istanbul
Europe/Kaliningrad
Europe/Kiev
Europe/Lisbon
Europe/Ljubljana
Europe/London
Europe/Luxembourg
Europe/Madrid
Europe/Malta
Europe/Minsk
Europe/Monaco
Europe/Moscow
Europe/Oslo
Europe/Paris
Europe/Prague
Europe/Riga
Europe/Rome
Europe/Samara
Europe/San_Marino
Europe/Sarajevo
Europe/Simferopol
Europe/Skopje
Europe/Sofia
Europe/Stockholm
Europe/Tallinn
Europe/Tirane
Europe/Vaduz
Europe/Vatican
Europe/Vienna
Europe/Vilnius
Europe/Warsaw
Europe/Zagreb
Europe/Zurich
Factory
HST
Indian/Antananarivo
Indian/Chagos
Indian/Christmas
Indian/Cocos
Indian/Comoro
Indian/Kerguelen
Indian/Mahe
Indian/Maldives
Indian/Mauritius
Indian/Mayotte
Indian/Reunion
MET
MST
MST7MDT
PST8PDT
Pacific/Apia
Pacific/Auckland
Pacific/Chatham
Pacific/Easter
Pacific/Efate
Pacific/Enderbury
Pacific/Fakaofo
Pacific/Fiji
Pacific/Funafuti
Pacific/Galapagos
Pacific/Gambier
Pacific/Guadalcanal
Pacific/Guam
Pacific/Honolulu
Pacific/Johnston
Pacific/Kiritimati
Pacific/Kosrae
Pacific/Kwajalein
Pacific/Majuro
Pacific/Marquesas
Pacific/Midway
Pacific/Nauru
Pacific/Niue
Pacific/Norfolk
Pacific/Noumea
Pacific/Pago_Pago
Pacific/Palau
Pacific/Pitcairn
Pacific/Ponape
Pacific/Port_Moresby
Pacific/Rarotonga
Pacific/Saipan
Pacific/Tahiti
Pacific/Tarawa
Pacific/Tongatapu
Pacific/Truk
Pacific/Wake
Pacific/Wallis
Pacific/Yap
SystemV/AST4
SystemV/AST4ADT
SystemV/CST6
SystemV/CST6CDT
SystemV/EST5
SystemV/EST5EDT
SystemV/HST10
SystemV/MST7
SystemV/MST7MDT
SystemV/PST8
SystemV/PST8PDT
SystemV/YST9
SystemV/YST9YDT
WET
--
François REYGAGNE. Software Architect.
opt[e]way S.A., 2881 route des Crêtes, BP308
06906 Sophia Antipolis Cedex, FRANCE
tél: +33 (0)4 92 95 27 01 http://www.opteway.com
6
5
I'd like to make a contribution to the timechanges in Sweden found in your timezone file.
Sweden has never had the Mean Time of Stockholm as national Standard Time, and never switched to/from summertime at 1:00 from 1980 onwards. The correct entries are:
GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
1:12:12 LMT 1879 (1878 May 31 is incorrect)
1:00:14 SEST 1900 (change at 01:00 is incorrect) # Sweden Standard Time
1:00:00 CET 1916 May 14 23:00 (April 14 is incorrect)
1:00:00 1:00 CEST 1916 I'm not sure about this, see explanation below.
All of the above is stated in lawtexts (unfortunately I have only found them in Swedish).
The law "Svensk författningssamling 1878, no 14" about standard time in 1879:
>From the beginning of 1879 (that is January 1 0:00) the time for all places in the country is "the mean solar time for the meridian at three degrees, or twelve minutes of time, to the west of the meridian of the Observatory of Stockholm". The law is dated 31 May 1878.
The observatory at that time had the meridian 18 degrees 03' 30" eastern longitude =
1 hour 12 minutes 14 seconds in time. Less 12 minutes give the national standard time as
1 hour 00 minutes 14 seconds ahead of GMT. (The observatory is in the centre of Stockholm.)
I suggest SEST rather than SST or ST because other time standards already use them (SE = the internation code for Sweden).
About the beginning of CET in Sweden. The lawtext ("Svensk författningssamling 1899, no 44") states, that "from the beginning of 1900... ... the same as the mean solar time for the meridian at the distance of one hour of time from the meridian of the English observatory at Greenwich, or at 12 minutes 14 seconds to the west from the meridan of the Observatory of Stockholm". The law is dated 16 June 1899.
In short: At 0:00:00 January 1 1900 the new standard time i Sweden is 1:00:00 ahead of GMT.
I have photo copies of these laws. If you like I can scan them and mail them to you.
Now the summertimes.
1916: The lawtext ("Svensk författningssamling 1916, no 124") states, that "May 15 1916 is considered to begin one hour earlier". It is pretty obviuos that at 23:00 May 14 the clocks are set to 0:00 May 15 (thus the timezone file is correct).
Further the law says, that "September 30 1916 is considered to end one our later". This is a most ambigous statement.
One way to interprete this: At 0:00 October 1 the clocks are set back to 23:00 Sept 30. But in practice it appears that the changes somehow involved 1:00 on October 1.
A news report I recently found is not clear on what exactly happened except that 1:00 October 1 is involved. The text report about trains standing still for one hour in the night and is written in a way that invistes two interpretations:
1. At 0:00 October 1 the trains stop and stand still for one hour, and then the clock is set to 0:00 summertime October 1 and the trains continue the journey.
2. At 1:00 October 1 the trains stop, the clock is set back to 0:00, and when it again is 1:00 summertime the trains move again.
I am sorry I have not been able to get this matter crystal clear. I live close to a university so I hope I will able able to find sometime more useful there.
The rules given in the timezone file for the summertimes from 1980 onwards have the correct dates, but I am afraid the times are incorrect. The laws regulating summertime explicitly states that, when summertime begins, the clocks are set forward from 2:00 to 3:00 in the night. When summertime ends, the clocks are set back from 3:00 to 2:00 in the night. So, the time 1:00:00 is in no way involved in the summertime changes in Sweden nowadays. The laws regulating this are available on the site of the Swedish Parliament beginning with 1985 - the laws regulating 1980 - 1984 is not available on the site (to my knowledge they are only available in Swedish):
http://www.riksdagen.se/english/work/sfst.asp
(type "sommartid" without the quotes in the field "Fritext" and then click the Sök-button).
I really appreciate your excellent work compiling all that time information from all around the world.
/Ivan Nilsson
1
0
April 10, 2001 was the United States release date for "Time Lord: Sir
Sandford Fleming and the Creation of Standard Time" by Clark Blaise. It was
reviewed in Discover magazine, so expect ready availability (there were two
copies in the Friendship Heights DC Borders when I visited).
Presumably Fleming's fellow Canadian William Shatner will take the lead role
in the big-screen version.
--ado
1
0
April 11, 2001
I would like to upgrade the tzdata and tzcode automatically into my
server
for each upgrade of the olson tz data to prevent from bad local_time
calculation.
I would like to make my server know that a new release of tzdata/tzcode
is available and
make it load the new tzdata release and override the previous.
Please, let me know how to do that ?
--
François REYGAGNE. Software Architect.
opt[e]way S.A., 2881 route des Crêtes, BP308
06906 Sophia Antipolis Cedex, FRANCE
tél: +33 (0)4 92 95 27 01 http://www.opteway.com
2
1
April 11, 2001
The ftcs unix mktime use the function tzset to initialize time
conversion information by setting an environment variable. That is not
thread-safe.
As I want to work in multi_threaded design with different time-zone, one
per each thread, I can't use the unix standard fonctions like mktime. I
need a thread-safe function that converts a local-time attached to its
timezone into a GMT time as follow:
void localtime_to_gmt(const char * timezone, const struct tm
localtime, time_t * gmt_time);
The right way to do that is to change TZ, but that is not thread-safe
Is it feasible to recode (public-domain) Olson timezone sources to use
an explicit state parameter rather than relying on global variables ?
Is there a free software portable to Linux RedHat, OSF Tru64, HP_UX and
Sun Solaris 5.8 using olson tzdata which can do that ?
Is there someone who knows the design or have a design document relative
to olson software to help me.
François REYGAGNE. Software Architect.
opt[e]way S.A., 2881 route des Crêtes, BP308
06906 Sophia Antipolis Cedex, FRANCE
tél: +33 (0)4 92 95 27 01
http://www.opteway.com
--
François REYGAGNE. Software Architect.
opt[e]way S.A., 2881 route des Crêtes, BP308
06906 Sophia Antipolis Cedex, FRANCE
tél: +33 (0)4 92 95 27 01 http://www.opteway.com
2
1