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Update on Australian Time Zone changes for Olympics
by Eric Ulevik Aug. 13, 2000

Aug. 13, 2000

Source: Sydney's Sun Herald newspaper, 13 August 2000 page 29 * NSW (and Victoria, Tas, ACT) going onto DST at 2am 27 August 2000 * As usual, no DST in WA, NT and Queensland Some parts of NSW are different: - Broken Hill starting DST on 29 September 2000 (following South Australia) - Twin Towns Services Club (in Tweed Heads, near the Queensland border) will maintain Queensland time. The Queensland Premier Peter Beattie is encouraging northern NSW towns to use Queensland time. Regards, Eric Ulevik

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USNO leap seconds mailing list
by Markus Kuhn Aug. 11, 2000

Aug. 11, 2000

A new LEAPSECS(a)CLOCKDEV.USNO.NAVY.MIL mailing list for the discussion of the future of UTC and leap seconds is available on http://clockdev.usno.navy.mil/archives/leapsecs.html Markus -- Markus G. Kuhn, Computer Laboratory, University of Cambridge, UK Email: mkuhn at acm.org, WWW: <http://www.cl.cam.ac.uk/~mgk25/>

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"GPS and Leap Seconds; Time to Change?" now on the Web
by Paul Eggert Aug. 10, 2000

Aug. 10, 2000

Dennis D. McCarthy and William J. Klepczynski's proposal to do away with leap seconds, originally published in GPS World last November, is now available on the Web in PDF form at: http://clockdev.usno.navy.mil/cgi-bin/wa.exe?A3=ind0007&L=leapsecs&P=26737&…

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SAST/africa and attribution
by Mark Murray Aug. 10, 2000

Aug. 10, 2000

Hi No hurry on this one, but could you please change the reference to my email address "Mark R V Murray <markm(a)iafrica.com>" to "Mark R V Murray <mark(a)grondar.za>" in the "africa" file? If you want to verify that I am the same person, I am happy to reply to mail sent to the iafrica.com address. Thanks! M

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Correction to availability announcement
by Olson, Arthur David (NCI) Aug. 10, 2000

Aug. 10, 2000

The newly available files are named ftp://elsie.nci.nih.gov/pub/tzcode2000f.tar.gz and ftp://elsie.nci.nih.gov/pub/tzdata2000f.tar.gz (rather than having the "2000e" names mentioned in a previous letter today). Thanks to Klaus Klein for catching the error! --ado

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RE: Timezone utility
by Olson, Arthur David (NCI) Aug. 10, 2000

Aug. 10, 2000

> ] $ zdump -v Australia/Hobart | grep 2000 > ] Australia/Hobart Sat Mar 25 15:59:59 2000 UTC = Sun Mar 26 02:59:59 > 2000 EST isdst=1 > ] Australia/Hobart Sat Mar 25 16:00:00 2000 UTC = Sun Mar 26 02:00:00 > 2000 EST isdst=0 > ] Australia/Hobart Sat Aug 26 15:59:59 2000 UTC = Sun Aug 27 01:59:59 > 2000 EST isdst=0 > ] Australia/Hobart Sat Aug 26 16:00:00 2000 UTC = Sun Aug 27 03:00:00 > 2000 EST isdst=1 > > It would be nice if you could say > $ zdump -y 2000 Australia/Hobart > and get the same output, especially if this was clearly documented > in zdump(8). > I come down on the side of classic UNIX philosophy here--if the job can be done with existing command-line tools (such as grep), don't reinvent the wheel. --ado

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tzcode2000e.tar.gz and tzdata2000e.tar.gz
by Olson, Arthur David (NCI) Aug. 10, 2000

Aug. 10, 2000

The files ftp://elsie.nci.nih.gov/pub/tzcode2000e.tar.gz and ftp://elsie.nci.nih.gov/pub/tzdata2000e.tar.gz are now available. In addition to the changes circulated on the time zone list earlier this week by Paul Eggert, there's added information in "tz-art.htm" on a Seinfeld reference to DST, and error checking and messages in the "yearistype" script have been improved. There's more work to do in the yearistype realm; I did, however, want to get the Lithuania changes out the door. --ado

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RE: Using yearistype requires "." in $PATH
by Olson, Arthur David (NCI) Aug. 9, 2000

Aug. 9, 2000

> | Maybe the first step is to change the Makefile line that reads > | cp zic zdump $(ETCDIR)/. > | to read > | cp yearistype zdump zic $(ETCDIR)/. > > Personally, I don't think that would be the best solution, yearistype > is hardly the kind of utility that anyone is ever going to want to run > by hand, nor is it really very likely to be useful for scripts or similar. > Its sole purpose is for use by zic. > Hmmm...well then how about finessing the issue? Replacing two lines in australasia with five: *** 7.57/australasia Tue Aug 8 09:34:13 2000 --- 7.58/australasia Tue Aug 8 09:34:13 2000 *************** *** 1,4 **** ! # @(#)australasia 7.57 # This file also includes Pacific islands. # Notes are at the end of this file --- 1,4 ---- ! # @(#)australasia 7.58 # This file also includes Pacific islands. # Notes are at the end of this file *************** *** 70,77 **** Rule AS 1972 only - Feb 27 2:00s 0 - Rule AS 1973 1985 - Mar Sun>=1 2:00s 0 - Rule AS 1986 1989 - Mar Sun>=15 2:00s 0 - ! Rule AS 1990 1994 even Mar Sun>=18 2:00s 0 - ! Rule AS 1990 1994 odd Mar Sun>=1 2:00s 0 - Rule AS 1995 max - Mar lastSun 2:00s 0 - # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] Zone Australia/Adelaide 9:14:20 - LMT 1895 Feb --- 70,80 ---- Rule AS 1972 only - Feb 27 2:00s 0 - Rule AS 1973 1985 - Mar Sun>=1 2:00s 0 - Rule AS 1986 1989 - Mar Sun>=15 2:00s 0 - ! Rule AS 1990 only - Mar Sun>=18 2:00s 0 - ! Rule AS 1991 only - Mar Sun>=1 2:00s 0 - ! Rule AS 1992 only - Mar Sun>=18 2:00s 0 - ! Rule AS 1993 only - Mar Sun>=1 2:00s 0 - ! Rule AS 1994 only - Mar Sun>=18 2:00s 0 - Rule AS 1995 max - Mar lastSun 2:00s 0 - # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] Zone Australia/Adelaide 9:14:20 - LMT 1895 Feb will eliminate the only current use of "yearistype" in distributed time zone files; we then just leave the yearistype stuff in place as is as an escape mechanism for those who might need it. --ado

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proposed tz changes for Lithuania and Argentina
by Paul Eggert Aug. 9, 2000

Aug. 9, 2000

Here are some proposed patches to the tz database. * Lithuania is at UTC+2 right now, contrary to the existing tz data. Today Steffen Thorsen reminded me that Andrei Ivanov reported in March that Lithuania might not use DST this year. This change was not incorporated into the tz database because we didn't have confirmation then. But I just verified from the Lithuanian State Department of Tourism and from Air Lithuania web sites that the country is at UTC+2 with no DST. The tz data are incorrect for today's time stamps, so this fix is relatively high priority. I did find a contrary claim about what will happen this October in Lithuania. The Litnet Computer Emergency Response Team <http://www.litnet.lt/cert/> claims that they operate at UTC+1 with DST, which would mean that Lithuania would move its clocks back this fall. This is the only place I've seen this claim, so for now let's discount it. * Change the South Australia rules to not invoke yearistype, to bypass configuration and installation hassles Thanks to Arthur David Olson for this suggestion. * Correction for Argentina between October 1999 and March 2000. This correction does not affect the clocks, just the tm_isdst option. Argentina was using UTC-4 plus one hour of DST, not UTC-3. Thanks to Fabian L. Arce Jofre for this correction. * Add the Worldwide Holiday & Festival Site to our links, as they use the tz data. =================================================================== RCS file: RCS/australasia,v retrieving revision 2000.5 retrieving revision 2000.5.0.1 diff -pu -r2000.5 -r2000.5.0.1 --- australasia 2000/07/31 13:26:42 2000.5 +++ australasia 2000/08/08 22:35:17 2000.5.0.1 @@ -70,8 +70,11 @@ Rule AS 1987 max - Oct lastSun 2:00s 1:0 Rule AS 1972 only - Feb 27 2:00s 0 - Rule AS 1973 1985 - Mar Sun>=1 2:00s 0 - Rule AS 1986 1989 - Mar Sun>=15 2:00s 0 - -Rule AS 1990 1994 even Mar Sun>=18 2:00s 0 - -Rule AS 1990 1994 odd Mar Sun>=1 2:00s 0 - +Rule AS 1990 only - Mar Sun>=18 2:00s 0 - +Rule AS 1991 only - Mar Sun>=1 2:00s 0 - +Rule AS 1992 only - Mar Sun>=18 2:00s 0 - +Rule AS 1993 only - Mar Sun>=1 2:00s 0 - +Rule AS 1994 only - Mar Sun>=18 2:00s 0 - Rule AS 1995 max - Mar lastSun 2:00s 0 - # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] Zone Australia/Adelaide 9:14:20 - LMT 1895 Feb =================================================================== RCS file: RCS/europe,v retrieving revision 2000.5 retrieving revision 2000.5.0.1 diff -pu -r2000.5 -r2000.5.0.1 --- europe 2000/07/31 13:26:41 2000.5 +++ europe 2000/08/08 23:41:30 2000.5.0.1 @@ -1189,6 +1189,10 @@ Zone Europe/Vaduz 0:38:04 - LMT 1894 Jun # motion to give up shifting to summer time in spring, as it was # already done by Estonia. +# From the <a href="http://www.tourism.lt/informa/ff.htm"> +# Fact File, Lithuanian State Department of Tourism +# </a> (2000-03-27): Local time is GMT+2 hours ..., no daylight saving. + # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] Zone Europe/Vilnius 1:41:16 - LMT 1880 1:24:00 - WMT 1917 # Warsaw Mean Time @@ -1203,7 +1207,7 @@ Zone Europe/Vilnius 1:41:16 - LMT 1880 2:00 C-Eur EE%sT 1998 2:00 - EET 1998 Mar 29 1:00u 1:00 EU CE%sT 1999 Oct 31 1:00u - 2:00 EU EE%sT + 2:00 - EET # Luxembourg # Whitman disagrees with most of these dates in minor ways; go with Shanks. =================================================================== RCS file: RCS/southamerica,v retrieving revision 2000.3 retrieving revision 2000.3.0.1 diff -pu -r2000.3 -r2000.3.0.1 --- southamerica 2000/03/04 15:31:08 2000.3 +++ southamerica 2000/04/19 05:36:52 2000.3.0.1 @@ -111,24 +111,31 @@ Rule Arg 1989 1992 - Oct Sun>=15 0:00 1: # From Rives McDow (2000-01-10): # On October 3, 1999, 0:00 local, Argentina implemented daylight savings time, # which did not result in the switch of a time zone, as they stayed 9 hours -# from the International Date Line. On March 5, 2000, at 0:00 local time, -# Argentina will come off daylight savings time, which will bring them to 8 -# hours from the International Date Line. +# from the International Date Line. +Rule Arg 1999 only - Oct Sun>=1 0:00 1:00 S +Rule Arg 2000 only - Mar Sun>=1 0:00 0 - # # From Peter Gradelski via Steffen Thorsen (2000-03-01): # We just checked with our San Paulo office and they say the government of # Argentina decided not to become one of the countries that go on or off DST. # So Buenos Aires should be -3 hours from GMT at all times. # +# From Fabian L. Arce Jofre <farcejofre(a)bigfoot.com> (2000-04-04): +# The law that claimed DST for Argentina was derogated by President Fernando +# de la Rua on March 2, 2000, because it would make people spend more energy +# in the winter time, rather than less. The change took effect on March 3. +# # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] # -# Buenos Aires (BA), Distrito Federal (DF), Santa Cruz (SC), -# Tierra del Fuego (TF) & Antartida e Islas +# Buenos Aires (BA), Capital Federal (CF), Santa Cruz (SC), +# Tierra del Fuego, Antartida e Islas del Atlantico Sur (TF) Zone America/Buenos_Aires -3:53:48 - LMT 1894 Nov -4:16:44 - CMT 1920 May # Cordoba Mean Time -4:00 - ART 1930 Dec -4:00 Arg AR%sT 1969 Oct 5 - -3:00 Arg AR%sT + -3:00 Arg AR%sT 1999 Oct 3 0:00 + -4:00 Arg AR%sT 2000 Mar 3 0:00 + -3:00 - ART # # Santa Fe (SF), Entre Rios (ER), Corrientes (CN), Misiones (MN), Chaco (CC), # Formosa (FM), La Pampa (LP), Chubut (CH) @@ -137,6 +144,8 @@ Zone America/Rosario -4:02:40 - LMT 1894 -4:00 - ART 1930 Dec -4:00 Arg AR%sT 1969 Oct 5 -3:00 Arg AR%sT 1991 Jul + -3:00 - ART 1999 Oct 3 0:00 + -4:00 Arg AR%sT 2000 Mar 3 0:00 -3:00 - ART # # Cordoba (CB), Santiago del Estero (SE), Salta (SA), Tucuman (TM), La Rioja (LR), San Juan (SJ), San Luis (SL), @@ -146,6 +155,8 @@ Zone America/Cordoba -4:16:44 - LMT 1894 -4:00 - ART 1930 Dec -4:00 Arg AR%sT 1969 Oct 5 -3:00 Arg AR%sT 1990 Jul + -3:00 - ART 1999 Oct 3 0:00 + -4:00 Arg AR%sT 2000 Mar 3 0:00 -3:00 - ART # # Jujuy (JY) @@ -157,6 +168,8 @@ Zone America/Jujuy -4:21:12 - LMT 1894 N -4:00 - WART 1991 Oct 6 -4:00 1:00 WARST 1992 Mar 15 -4:00 - WART 1992 Oct 18 + -3:00 - ART 1999 Oct 3 0:00 + -4:00 Arg AR%sT 2000 Mar 3 0:00 -3:00 - ART # # Catamarca (CT) @@ -167,6 +180,8 @@ Zone America/Catamarca -4:23:08 - LMT 18 -3:00 Arg AR%sT 1990 Jul -3:00 - ART 1991 Jul -3:00 Arg AR%sT 1992 Jul + -3:00 - ART 1999 Oct 3 0:00 + -4:00 Arg AR%sT 2000 Mar 3 0:00 -3:00 - ART # # Mendoza (MZ) @@ -178,6 +193,8 @@ Zone America/Mendoza -4:35:16 - LMT 1894 -4:00 - WART 1991 Oct 15 -4:00 1:00 WARST 1992 Mar 1 -4:00 - WART 1992 Oct 18 + -3:00 - ART 1999 Oct 3 0:00 + -4:00 Arg AR%sT 2000 Mar 3 0:00 -3:00 - ART # Aruba =================================================================== RCS file: RCS/tz-link.htm,v retrieving revision 2000.5 retrieving revision 2000.5.0.1 diff -pu -r2000.5 -r2000.5.0.1 --- tz-link.htm 2000/07/31 13:26:42 2000.5 +++ tz-link.htm 2000/08/08 23:41:30 2000.5.0.1 @@ -66,6 +66,8 @@ is a fancier web interface. is an even fancier interface. <LI><A HREF="http://www.burbs.com/fcgi-bin/tzconvert.fcgi">Burbs time zone converter</A> is a multilingual interface. +<LI><A HREF="http://www.holidayfestival.com/">The Worldwide Holiday +& Festival Site</A> lists DST-related clock changes along with holidays. <LI><A HREF="http://www.timeanddate.com/worldclock/">The World Clock</A> is a web interface to a time zone database derived from <samp>tz</samp>'s.

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FW: Timezone utility
by Olson, Arthur David (NCI) Aug. 8, 2000

Aug. 8, 2000

Henry Grebler is not on the time zone mailing list; direct any replies appropriately. --ado > -----Original Message----- > From: Henry Grebler [SMTP:henryg@optimation.com.au] > Sent: Monday, August 07, 2000 10:31 PM > To: tz(a)elsie.nci.nih.gov > Subject: Timezone utility > > > > #To: tz(a)elsie.nci.nih.gov > > #From: henryg(a)optimation.com.au > Henry Grebler > Support Manager > Optimation Software Engineering Pty Ltd > Level 9 West, 608 St Kilda Road > Melbourne, Vic, 3004, Australia > > Phone: +61 3 9525 2111 Fax: +61 3 9521 1733 > URL: http://www.optimation.com.au > > > Hi, > > > First of all, thanks for providing a valuable service. I guess under > normal situations your work would go unheralded - when things are > going right no one notices. It's only when your car breaks down that > you look under the bonnet (hood). > > I'm hoping I have found an opportunity to give a little (very little) > back. > > We in Australia have been taking a keener-than-usual interest in tz > stuff with the advent of the Olympic Games. So, naturally, I > eventually found myself downloading from your website. > > I look after several different platforms (Solaris, Linux, AIX, HP-UX, > IRIX, etc). It soon became clear to me that something was missing. I > felt that, it's all very well to make changes to the timezone > database; how do I test that the changes will work? And there's > the rub. It's not the time now that is at issue. One can immediately > confirm that the time right now is correct. What I want to know is, > Will it be correct at some time in the future? > > To address this issue, I have written a little utility, cvt_time. I > enclose source, Makefile and man page. I have chosen to store it in > the 'misc' subdirectory of the 'src' directory. It is enclosed as a > tar, gzip, uuencode. If you think it is worthwhile, please feel free > to distribute it or make it available in any way you see fit. > > Regards, > Henry > > > > begin 660 misc.tar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a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a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end

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