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To compile successfully copy /tzdata2001A/yearistype.sh to tzcode2001a
by francois reygagne April 19, 2001

April 19, 2001

Could you fix this trouble by changing the target name yearstype.sh or copying it as I did into tzcode directory François REYGAGNE. Software Architect. opt[e]way S.A., 2881 route des Crêtes, BP308 06906 Sophia Antipolis Cedex, FRANCE tél: +33 (0)4 92 95 27 01 http://www.opteway.com

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Add zic.sh into tzdata to invoke zic compile all time zone data
by francois reygagne April 19, 2001

April 19, 2001

I add into the directory the shell script zic.sh which allows me to compile all the timezone data. I find it very convenient to use it since I don't have to recall the line command to type. #! /bin/bash # zic.sh ../tzcode2001a/zic africa antarctica asia australasia etcetera europe factory northamerica pacificnew southamerica systemv backward solar87 solar88 solar89 ============================================================== Don't forget also the order of files is important as related by the exchange emails bellow: Francois Reygagne wrote > "backward", line 49: warning: hard link failed, symbolic link used > > Is it normal ? Paul Eggert <eggert(a)twinsun.com> replied You must put "backward" after all the other files that it refers to. "backward" refers to "etcetera", so you must compile it after you compile "etcetera". -- François REYGAGNE. Software Architect. opt[e]way S.A., 2881 route des Crêtes, BP308 06906 Sophia Antipolis Cedex, FRANCE tél: +33 (0)4 92 95 27 01 http://www.opteway.com

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Moving Time Zone Converter
by Jesper Nørgaard April 19, 2001

April 19, 2001

The PC program Time Zone Converter 1.52 which is mentioned on the TZ link list http://www.twinsum.com/tz/tz-link.htm under "Other tz-based time zone conversion software" has moved. Link http://timezone50.homepage.com is simply not valid anymore (site Homepage.Com doesn't exist anymore). http://www20.Brinkster.com/timezone50/index.htm ... is now the official home page of Time Zone Converter. Later this year the program will be renamed to World Time Explorer, but not until I have finished some extra functionalities. As you know we have another page which might give some confusion about the clashing names, http://timezoneconverter.com/ so I thought it was better to find a unique name. As far as I know there is no World Time Explorer program as of today. Regards, Jesper Nørgaard Welen Email: jnorgard(a)Prodigy.Net.mx Programador/Analista CIMMYT - Centro Internacional de Mejoramiento de Maíz y Trigo Dirección: CIMMYT Int. c/o Jesper Nørgaard Km. 45, Carretera México-Veracruz El Batán Texcoco, Edo. de México CP 56130 MEXICO Tel.: +52 (5) 58-04-20-04 ext. 1374 Fax: +52 (5) 58-04-75-58 Tel. Casa: 53-10-05-95 ó 53-10-97-78 CIMMYT home page: http://cimmyt.cgiar.org Check out my free program World Time Explorer: http://www20.Brinkster.com/timezone50/index.htm http://members.theglobe.com/timezone50/index.htm

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Add zic.sh into tzdata to invoke zic compile all time zone data
by francois reygagne April 19, 2001

April 19, 2001

I add into the directory the shell script zic.sh which allows me to compile all the timezone data. I find it very convenient to use it since I don't have to recall the line command to type. #! /bin/bash # zic.sh ../tzcode2001a/zic africa antarctica asia australasia etcetera europe factory northamerica pacificnew southamerica systemv backward solar87 solar88 solar89 ============================================================== Don't forget also the order of files is important as related by the exchange emails bellow: Francois Reygagne wrote > "backward", line 49: warning: hard link failed, symbolic link used > > Is it normal ? Paul Eggert <eggert(a)twinsun.com> replied You must put "backward" after all the other files that it refers to. "backward" refers to "etcetera", so you must compile it after you compile "etcetera". -- François REYGAGNE. Software Architect. opt[e]way S.A., 2881 route des Crêtes, BP308 06906 Sophia Antipolis Cedex, FRANCE tél: +33 (0)4 92 95 27 01 http://www.opteway.com

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[Fwd: Compile timezone files on a Tru64 => ERROR]
by francois reygagne April 18, 2001

April 18, 2001

-- François REYGAGNE. Software Architect. opt[e]way S.A., 2881 route des Crêtes, BP308 06906 Sophia Antipolis Cedex, FRANCE tél: +33 (0)4 92 95 27 01 http://www.opteway.com

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Re: Argentina's (no) daylight savings time
by Mariano Absatz April 17, 2001

April 17, 2001

I get it now... thanx for the info... I actually don't know what version of the southamerica files the machines were using, 'cause the default installation doesn't include the zonefiles sources, just the compiled ones. It might be that the RH7 distrib wasn't wrong, but as that was a non- production machine, someone might have been fiddling with it before I started to work. On the RH6.2 machines, when I started, I compiled the new zones for southamerica (2001a, anyway, southamerica didn't change), but I forgot to link to /etc/localtime... before realizing that, I started looking at the source itself and, not understanding it, I erased the year 2000 lines... after nothing changing I realized the link to /etc/localtime was a hard one so the version in /etc/localtime was the old one... by this time I had already edited it and after linking again, it worked. So, most probably, RH6.2 comes with an old version of southamerica that starts using DST in 2000, but the new versions are OK. I realize that the lines I erased have, in fact, no actual change in "wall" clock time... it only says wether it's summer or not :-). I find it easier to not have "useless" rules in the file originated in decrees that were derogated before they were actually effective, so I edited the zoneinfo file for southamerica to reflect this. I don't know what the policy of the WG is regarding this kind of changes, but I attach the modified file and include a "diff" output down here, FWIW. I really thank Paul his advice. ==================================================================== # diff southamerica.2001b southamerica.ar-clean 1c1 < # @(#)southamerica 7.40 --- > # @(#)southamerica 7.41 111,127d110 < # From Rives McDow (2000-01-10): < # On October 3, 1999, 0:00 local, Argentina implemented daylight savings time, < # which did not result in the switch of a time zone, as they stayed 9 hours < # from the International Date Line. < Rule Arg 1999 only - Oct Sun>=1 0:00 1:00 S < Rule Arg 2000 only - Mar Sun>=1 0:00 0 - < # < # From Peter Gradelski via Steffen Thorsen (2000-03-01): < # We just checked with our Sao Paulo office and they say the government of < # Argentina decided not to become one of the countries that go on or off DST. < # So Buenos Aires should be -3 hours from GMT at all times. < # < # From Fabian L. Arce Jofre <farcejofre(a)bigfoot.com> (2000-04-04): < # The law that claimed DST for Argentina was derogated by President Fernando < # de la Rua on March 2, 2000, because it would make people spend more energy < # in the winter time, rather than less. The change took effect on March 3. < # 136,137c119 < -3:00 Arg AR%sT 1999 Oct 3 0:00 < -4:00 Arg AR%sT 2000 Mar 3 0:00 --- > -3:00 Arg AR%sT 1993 Oct 3 0:00 147,148d128 < -3:00 - ART 1999 Oct 3 0:00 < -4:00 Arg AR%sT 2000 Mar 3 0:00 158,159d137 < -3:00 - ART 1999 Oct 3 0:00 < -4:00 Arg AR%sT 2000 Mar 3 0:00 171,172d148 < -3:00 - ART 1999 Oct 3 0:00 < -4:00 Arg AR%sT 2000 Mar 3 0:00 183,184d158 < -3:00 - ART 1999 Oct 3 0:00 < -4:00 Arg AR%sT 2000 Mar 3 0:00 196,197d169 < -3:00 - ART 1999 Oct 3 0:00 < -4:00 Arg AR%sT 2000 Mar 3 0:00 ==================================================================== El 16 Apr 2001, a las 17:51, Paul Eggert escribió: > > From: "Mariano Absatz" <baby(a)baby.com.ar> > > Date: Mon, 16 Apr 2001 19:30:47 -0300 > > > > I administer a bunch of Solaris and Linux (RedHat 6.x/7.x) machines and a > > month or so ago, all of the Linuxes went one hour early... > > That's odd. I just checked my Red Hat 7.x box, and the shell command: > > /usr/sbin/zdump -v America/Buenos_Aires | egrep '199[3-9]|200[0-9]' > > outputs: > > America/Buenos_Aires Sun Mar 7 01:59:59 1993 UTC = Sat Mar 6 23:59:59 1993 ARST isdst=1 gmtoff=-7200 > America/Buenos_Aires Sun Mar 7 02:00:00 1993 UTC = Sat Mar 6 23:00:00 1993 ART isdst=0 gmtoff=-10800 > America/Buenos_Aires Sun Oct 3 02:59:59 1999 UTC = Sat Oct 2 23:59:59 1999 ART isdst=0 gmtoff=-10800 > America/Buenos_Aires Sun Oct 3 03:00:00 1999 UTC = Sun Oct 3 00:00:00 1999 ARST isdst=1 gmtoff=-10800 > America/Buenos_Aires Fri Mar 3 02:59:59 2000 UTC = Thu Mar 2 23:59:59 2000 ARST isdst=1 gmtoff=-10800 > America/Buenos_Aires Fri Mar 3 03:00:00 2000 UTC = Fri Mar 3 00:00:00 2000 ART isdst=0 gmtoff=-10800 > > which means that the wall clocks haven't been adjusted since > 1993-03-06, though the DST indicator and the time zone abbreviation > did change in summer 1999/2000 due to a canceled experiment. > > Perhaps your Red Hat boxes are using an older version of the tz > tables. For example, if they are using revision 7.34 of the > southamerica file, that would explain the matter. If so, upgrading to > the latest version of the tz tables should fix the problem. > > > I just saw that there is another release (2001b), but the bug is still > > there... > > How did you test 2001b? I just tried it, and it gave the same results > as above, which matches what you report: Argentina is 3 hours behind > UTC and does not observe DST. > > > > Is there a somehow concise explanation of the format of the zoneinfo > > files, other than the comments in the file itself? > > Yes; the zic man page. Try the shell command "man zic". > -- Mariano Absatz baby(a)baby.com.ar # @(#)southamerica 7.41 # This data is by no means authoritative; if you think you know better, # go ahead and edit the file (and please send any changes to # tz(a)elsie.nci.nih.gov for general use in the future). # From Paul Eggert <eggert(a)twinsun.com> (1999-07-07): # A good source for time zone historical data outside the U.S. is # Thomas G. Shanks, The International Atlas (5th edition), # San Diego: ACS Publications, Inc. (1999). # # Gwillim Law <Gwil_Law(a)bridge-point.com> writes that a good source # for recent time zone data is the International Air Transport # Association's Standard Schedules Information Manual (IATA SSIM), # published semiannually. Law sent in several helpful summaries # of the IATA's data after 1990. # # Except where otherwise noted, Shanks is the source for entries through 1990, # and IATA SSIM is the source for entries after 1990. # # Earlier editions of these tables used the North American style (e.g. ARST and # ARDT for Argentine Standard and Daylight Time), but the following quote # suggests that it's better to use European style (e.g. ART and ARST). # I suggest the use of _Summer time_ instead of the more cumbersome # _daylight-saving time_. _Summer time_ seems to be in general use # in Europe and South America. # -- E O Cutler, _New York Times_ (1937-02-14), quoted in # H L Mencken, _The American Language: Supplement I_ (1960), p 466 # # Earlier editions of these tables also used the North American style # for time zones in Brazil, but this was incorrect, as Brazilians say # "summer time". Reinaldo Goulart, a Sao Paulo businessman active in # the railroad sector, writes (1999-07-06): # The subject of time zones is currently a matter of discussion/debate in # Brazil. Let's say that "the Brasilia time" is considered the # "official time" because Brasilia is the capital city. # The other three time zones are called "Brasilia time "minus one" or # "plus one" or "plus two". As far as I know there is no such # name/designation as "Eastern Time" or "Central Time". # So I invented the following (English-language) abbreviations for now. # Corrections are welcome! # std dst # -2:00 FNT FNST Fernando de Noronha # -3:00 BRT BRST Brasilia # -4:00 AMT AMST Amazon # -5:00 ACT ACST Acre ############################################################################### ############################################################################### # Argentina # From Bob Devine (1988-01-28): # Argentina: first Sunday in October to first Sunday in April since 1976. # Double Summer time from 1969 to 1974. Switches at midnight. # From U. S. Naval Observatory (1988-01-199): # ARGENTINA 3 H BEHIND UTC # From Hernan G. Otero <hernan(a)isoft.com.ar> (1995-06-26): # I am sending modifications to the Argentine time zone table... # AR was chosen because they are the ISO letters that represent Argentina. # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S Rule Arg 1930 only - Dec 1 0:00 1:00 S Rule Arg 1931 only - Apr 1 0:00 0 - Rule Arg 1931 only - Oct 15 0:00 1:00 S Rule Arg 1932 1940 - Mar 1 0:00 0 - Rule Arg 1932 1939 - Nov 1 0:00 1:00 S Rule Arg 1940 only - Jul 1 0:00 1:00 S Rule Arg 1941 only - Jun 15 0:00 0 - Rule Arg 1941 only - Oct 15 0:00 1:00 S Rule Arg 1943 only - Aug 1 0:00 0 - Rule Arg 1943 only - Oct 15 0:00 1:00 S Rule Arg 1946 only - Mar 1 0:00 0 - Rule Arg 1946 only - Oct 1 0:00 1:00 S Rule Arg 1963 only - Oct 1 0:00 0 - Rule Arg 1963 only - Dec 15 0:00 1:00 S Rule Arg 1964 1966 - Mar 1 0:00 0 - Rule Arg 1964 1966 - Oct 15 0:00 1:00 S Rule Arg 1967 only - Apr 1 0:00 0 - Rule Arg 1967 1968 - Oct Sun>=1 0:00 1:00 S Rule Arg 1968 1969 - Apr Sun>=1 0:00 0 - Rule Arg 1974 only - Jan 23 0:00 1:00 S Rule Arg 1974 only - May 1 0:00 0 - Rule Arg 1974 1976 - Oct Sun>=1 0:00 1:00 S Rule Arg 1975 1977 - Apr Sun>=1 0:00 0 - Rule Arg 1985 only - Nov 2 0:00 1:00 S Rule Arg 1986 only - Mar 14 0:00 0 - Rule Arg 1986 1987 - Oct 25 0:00 1:00 S Rule Arg 1987 only - Feb 13 0:00 0 - Rule Arg 1988 only - Feb 7 0:00 0 - Rule Arg 1988 only - Dec 1 0:00 1:00 S # # From Hernan G. Otero <hernan(a)isoft.com.ar> (1995-06-26): # These corrections were contributed by InterSoft Argentina S.A., # obtaining the data from the: # Talleres de Hidrografia Naval Argentina # (Argentine Naval Hydrography Institute) # # Shanks stops after 1992-03-01; go with Otero. Rule Arg 1989 1993 - Mar Sun>=1 0:00 0 - Rule Arg 1989 1992 - Oct Sun>=15 0:00 1:00 S # # From Hernan G. Otero <hernan(a)isoft.com.ar> (1995-06-26): # From this moment on, the law that mandated the daylight saving # time corrections was derogated and no more modifications # to the time zones (for daylight saving) are now made. # # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] # # Buenos Aires (BA), Capital Federal (CF), Santa Cruz (SC), # Tierra del Fuego, Antartida e Islas del Atlantico Sur (TF) Zone America/Buenos_Aires -3:53:48 - LMT 1894 Nov -4:16:44 - CMT 1920 May # Cordoba Mean Time -4:00 - ART 1930 Dec -4:00 Arg AR%sT 1969 Oct 5 -3:00 Arg AR%sT 1993 Oct 3 0:00 -3:00 - ART # # Santa Fe (SF), Entre Rios (ER), Corrientes (CN), Misiones (MN), Chaco (CC), # Formosa (FM), La Pampa (LP), Chubut (CH) Zone America/Rosario -4:02:40 - LMT 1894 Nov -4:16:44 - CMT 1920 May -4:00 - ART 1930 Dec -4:00 Arg AR%sT 1969 Oct 5 -3:00 Arg AR%sT 1991 Jul -3:00 - ART # # Cordoba (CB), Santiago del Estero (SE), Salta (SA), Tucuman (TM), La Rioja (LR), San Juan (SJ), San Luis (SL), # Neuquen (NQ), Rio Negro (RN) Zone America/Cordoba -4:16:44 - LMT 1894 Nov -4:16:44 - CMT 1920 May -4:00 - ART 1930 Dec -4:00 Arg AR%sT 1969 Oct 5 -3:00 Arg AR%sT 1990 Jul -3:00 - ART # # Jujuy (JY) Zone America/Jujuy -4:21:12 - LMT 1894 Nov -4:16:44 - CMT 1920 May -4:00 - ART 1930 Dec -4:00 Arg AR%sT 1969 Oct 5 -3:00 Arg AR%sT 1991 Mar 3 -4:00 - WART 1991 Oct 6 -4:00 1:00 WARST 1992 Mar 15 -4:00 - WART 1992 Oct 18 -3:00 - ART # # Catamarca (CT) Zone America/Catamarca -4:23:08 - LMT 1894 Nov -4:16:44 - CMT 1920 May -4:00 - ART 1930 Dec -4:00 Arg AR%sT 1969 Oct 5 -3:00 Arg AR%sT 1990 Jul -3:00 - ART 1991 Jul -3:00 Arg AR%sT 1992 Jul -3:00 - ART # # Mendoza (MZ) Zone America/Mendoza -4:35:16 - LMT 1894 Nov -4:16:44 - CMT 1920 May -4:00 - ART 1930 Dec -4:00 Arg AR%sT 1969 Oct 5 -3:00 Arg AR%sT 1991 Mar 3 -4:00 - WART 1991 Oct 15 -4:00 1:00 WARST 1992 Mar 1 -4:00 - WART 1992 Oct 18 -3:00 - ART # Aruba # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] Zone America/Aruba -4:40:24 - LMT 1912 Feb 12 # Oranjestad -4:30 - ANT 1965 # Netherlands Antilles Time -4:00 - AST # Bolivia # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] Zone America/La_Paz -4:32:36 - LMT 1890 -4:32:36 - LPMT 1931 Oct 15 # La Paz Mean Time -4:32:36 1:00 BOST 1932 Mar 21 # Bolivia ST -4:00 - BOT # Bolivia Time # Brazil # From Paul Eggert <eggert(a)twinsun.com> (1993-11-18): # The mayor of Rio recently attempted to change the time zone rules # just in his city, in order to leave more summer time for the tourist trade. # The rule change lasted only part of the day; # the federal government refused to follow the city's rules, and business # was in a chaos, so the mayor backed down that afternoon. # From IATA SSIM (1996-02): # _Only_ the following states in BR1 observe DST: Rio Grande do Sul (RS), # Santa Catarina (SC), Parana (PR), Sao Paulo (SP), Rio de Janeiro (RJ), # Espirito Santo (ES), Minas Gerais (MG), Bahia (BA), Goias (GO), # Distrito Federal (DF), Tocantins (TO), Sergipe [SE] and Alagoas [AL]. # [The last three states are new to this issue of the IATA SSIM.] # From Gwillim Law (1996-10-07): # Geography, history (Tocantins was part of Goias until 1989), and other # sources of time zone information lead me to believe that AL, SE, and TO were # always in BR1, and so the only change was whether or not they observed DST.... # The earliest issue of the SSIM I have is 2/91. Each issue from then until # 9/95 says that DST is observed only in the ten states I quoted from 9/95, # along with Mato Grosso (MT) and Mato Grosso do Sul (MS), which are in BR2 # (UTC-4).... The other two time zones given for Brazil are BR3, which is # UTC-5, no DST, and applies only in the state of Acre (AC); and BR4, which is # UTC-2, and applies to Fernando de Noronha (formerly FN, but I believe it's # become part of the state of Pernambuco). The boundary between BR1 and BR2 # has never been clearly stated. They've simply been called East and West. # However, some conclusions can be drawn from another IATA manual: the Airline # Coding Directory, which lists close to 400 airports in Brazil. For each # airport it gives a time zone which is coded to the SSIM. From that # information, I'm led to conclude that the states of Amapa (AP), Ceara (CE), # Maranhao (MA), Paraiba (PR), Pernambuco (PE), Piaui (PI), and Rio Grande do # Norte (RN), and the eastern part of Para (PA) are all in BR1 without DST. # From Marcos Tadeu (1998-09-27): # <a href="http://pcdsh01.on.br/verao1.html"> # Brazilian official page # </a> # From Jesper Norgaard (2000-11-03): # [For an official list of which regions in Brazil use which time zones, see:] # http://pcdsh01.on.br/Fusbr.htm # http://pcdsh01.on.br/Fusbrhv.htm # From Paul Eggert (2000-10-02): # The official decrees referenced below are taken from # <a href="http://pcdsh01.on.br/DecHV.html"> # Decretos sobre o Horario de Verao no Brasil # </a> (1999-10-04, in Portuguese). # The official site for all decrees, including those not related to time, is # <a href="http://www.presidencia.gov.br/CCIVIL/decreto/principal_ano.htm"> # Presidencia da Republica, Subchefia para Assuntos Juridicos, Decretos # </a> (in Portuguese). # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S # Decree <a href="http://pcdsh01.on.br/HV20466.htm">20,466</a> (1931-10-01) # Decree <a href="http://pcdsh01.on.br/HV21896.htm">21,896</a> (1932-01-10) Rule Brazil 1931 only - Oct 3 11:00 1:00 S Rule Brazil 1932 1933 - Apr 1 0:00 0 - Rule Brazil 1932 only - Oct 3 0:00 1:00 S # Decree <a href="http://pcdsh01.on.br/HV23195.htm">23,195</a> (1933-10-10) # revoked DST. # Decree <a href="http://pcdsh01.on.br/HV27496.htm">27,496</a> (1949-11-24) # Decree <a href="http://pcdsh01.on.br/HV27998.htm">27,998</a> (1950-04-13) Rule Brazil 1949 1952 - Dec 1 0:00 1:00 S Rule Brazil 1950 only - Apr 16 1:00 0 - Rule Brazil 1951 1952 - Apr 1 0:00 0 - # Decree <a href="http://pcdsh01.on.br/HV32308.htm">32,308</a> (1953-02-24) Rule Brazil 1953 only - Mar 1 0:00 0 - # Decree <a href="http://pcdsh01.on.br/HV34724.htm">34,724</a> (1953-11-30) # revoked DST. # Decree <a href="http://pcdsh01.on.br/HV52700.htm">52,700</a> (1963-10-18) # established DST from 1963-10-23 00:00 to 1964-02-29 00:00 # in SP, RJ, GB, MG, ES, due to the prolongation of the drought. # Decree <a href="http://pcdsh01.on.br/HV53071.htm">53,071</a> (1963-12-03) # extended the above decree to all of the national territory on 12-09. Rule Brazil 1963 only - Dec 9 0:00 1:00 S # Decree <a href="http://pcdsh01.on.br/HV53604.htm">53,604</a> (1964-02-25) # extended summer time by one day to 1964-03-01 00:00 (start of school). Rule Brazil 1964 only - Mar 1 0:00 0 - # Decree <a href="http://pcdsh01.on.br/HV55639.htm">55,639</a> (1965-01-27) Rule Brazil 1965 only - Jan 31 0:00 1:00 S Rule Brazil 1965 only - Mar 31 0:00 0 - # Decree <a href="http://pcdsh01.on.br/HV57303.htm">57,303</a> (1965-11-22) Rule Brazil 1965 only - Dec 1 0:00 1:00 S # Decree <a href="http://pcdsh01.on.br/HV57843.htm">57,843</a> (1966-02-18) Rule Brazil 1966 1968 - Mar 1 0:00 0 - Rule Brazil 1966 1967 - Nov 1 0:00 1:00 S # Decree <a href="http://pcdsh01.on.br/HV63429.htm">63,429</a> (1968-10-15) # revoked DST. # Decree <a href="http://pcdsh01.on.br/HV91698.htm">91,698</a> (1985-09-27) Rule Brazil 1985 only - Nov 2 0:00 1:00 S # Decree 92,310 (1986-01-21) # Decree 92,463 (1986-03-13) Rule Brazil 1986 only - Mar 15 0:00 0 - # Decree 93,316 (1986-10-01) Rule Brazil 1986 only - Oct 25 0:00 1:00 S Rule Brazil 1987 only - Feb 14 0:00 0 - # Decree <a href="http://pcdsh01.on.br/HV94922.htm">94,922</a> (1987-09-22) Rule Brazil 1987 only - Oct 25 0:00 1:00 S Rule Brazil 1988 only - Feb 7 0:00 0 - # Decree <a href="http://pcdsh01.on.br/HV96676.htm">96,676</a> (1988-09-12) # except for the states of AC, AM, PA, RR, RO, and AP (then a territory) Rule Brazil 1988 only - Oct 16 0:00 1:00 S Rule Brazil 1989 only - Jan 29 0:00 0 - # Decree <a href="http://pcdsh01.on.br/HV98077.htm">98,077</a> (1989-08-21) # with the same exceptions Rule Brazil 1989 only - Oct 15 0:00 1:00 S Rule Brazil 1990 only - Feb 11 0:00 0 - # Decree <a href="http://pcdsh01.on.br/HV99530.htm">99,530</a> (1990-09-17) # adopted by RS, SC, PR, SP, RJ, ES, MG, GO, MS, DF. # Decree 99,629 (1990-10-19) adds BA, MT. Rule Brazil 1990 only - Oct 21 0:00 1:00 S Rule Brazil 1991 only - Feb 17 0:00 0 - # <a href="http://pcdsh01.on.br/HV1991.htm">Unnumbered decree</a> (1991-09-25) # adopted by RS, SC, PR, SP, RJ, ES, MG, BA, GO, MT, MS, DF. Rule Brazil 1991 only - Oct 20 0:00 1:00 S Rule Brazil 1992 only - Feb 9 0:00 0 - # <a href="http://pcdsh01.on.br/HV1992.htm">Unnumbered decree</a> (1992-10-16) # adopted by same states. Rule Brazil 1992 only - Oct 25 0:00 1:00 S Rule Brazil 1993 only - Jan 31 0:00 0 - # Decree <a href="http://pcdsh01.on.br/HV942.htm">942</a> (1993-09-28) # adopted by same states, plus AM. # Decree <a href="http://pcdsh01.on.br/HV1252.htm">1,252</a> (1994-09-22) # adopted by same states, minus AM. # Decree <a href="http://pcdsh01.on.br/HV1636.htm">1,636</a> (1995-09-14) # adopted by same states, plus TO. # Decree <a href="http://pcdsh01.on.br/HV1674.htm">1,674</a> (1995-10-13) # adds AL, SE. Rule Brazil 1993 1995 - Oct Sun>=11 0:00 1:00 S Rule Brazil 1994 1995 - Feb Sun>=15 0:00 0 - Rule Brazil 1996 only - Feb 11 0:00 0 - # Decree <a href="http://pcdsh01.on.br/HV2000.htm">2,000</a> (1996-09-04) # adopted by same states, minus AL, SE. Rule Brazil 1996 only - Oct 6 0:00 1:00 S Rule Brazil 1997 only - Feb 16 0:00 0 - # From Daniel C. Sobral <dcs(a)gns.com.br> (1998-02-12): # In 1997, the DS began on October 6. The stated reason was that # because international television networks ignored Brazil's policy on DS, # they bought the wrong times on satellite for coverage of Pope's visit. # This year, the ending date of DS was postponed to March 1 # to help dealing with the shortages of electric power. # # From Paul Eggert (1998-02-25): # <a href="http://churchnet.ucsm.ac.uk/news/files2/news165.htm"> # Brazil Prepares for Papal Visit # </a>, # Church Net UK (1997-10-02). # # Decree 2,317 (1997-09-04), adopted by same states. Rule Brazil 1997 only - Oct 6 0:00 1:00 S # Decree <a href="http://pcdsh01.on.br/figuras/HV2495.JPG">2,495</a> # (1998-02-10) Rule Brazil 1998 only - Mar 1 0:00 0 - # Decree <a href="http://pcdsh01.on.br/figuras/Hv98.jpg">2,780</a> (1998-09-11) # adopted by the same states as before. Rule Brazil 1998 only - Oct 11 0:00 1:00 S Rule Brazil 1999 only - Feb 21 0:00 0 - # Decree <a href="http://pcdsh01.on.br/figuras/HV3150.gif">3,150</a> # (1999-08-23) adopted by same states. # Decree <a href="http://pcdsh01.on.br/DecHV99.gif">3,188</a> (1999-09-30) # adds SE, AL, PB, PE, RN, CE, PI, MA and RR. Rule Brazil 1999 only - Oct 3 0:00 1:00 S Rule Brazil 2000 only - Feb 27 0:00 0 - # Decree <a href="http://pcdsh01.on.br/DEC3592.htm">3,592</a> (2000-09-06) # adopted by the same states as before. # Decree <a href="http://pcdsh01.on.br/Dec3630.jpg">3,630</a> (2000-10-13) # repeals DST in PE and RR, effective 2000-10-15 00:00. # Decree <a href="http://pcdsh01.on.br/Dec3632.jpg">3,632</a> (2000-10-17) # repeals DST in SE, AL, PB, RN, CE, PI and MA, effective 2000-10-22 00:00. # # These give only one year's rules. After that, the rules are guesses # and are quite possibly wrong, but are more likely than no DST at all. Rule Brazil 2000 max - Oct Sun>=8 0:00 1:00 S Rule Brazil 2001 max - Feb Sun>=15 0:00 0 - # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] # # Atlantic islands: Fernando de Noronha, Trindade, Martin Vaz, # Atol das Rocas, and Penedos de Sao Pedro e Sao Paulo Zone America/Noronha -2:09:40 - LMT 1914 -2:00 Brazil FN%sT 1990 Sep 17 -2:00 - FNT # # Amapa (AP), east Para (PA) # East Para includes Belem, Maraba, Serra Norte, and Sao Felix do Xingu. Zone America/Belem -3:13:56 - LMT 1914 -3:00 Brazil BR%sT 1988 Sep 12 -3:00 - BRT # # Maranhao (MA), Piaui (PI), Ceara (CE), Rio Grande do Norte (RN), # Paraiba (PB) Zone America/Fortaleza -2:34:00 - LMT 1914 -3:00 Brazil BR%sT 1990 Sep 17 -3:00 - BRT 1999 Sep 30 -3:00 Brazil BR%sT 2000 Oct 22 -3:00 - BRT # # Pernambuco (PE) (except Atlantic islands) Zone America/Recife -2:19:36 - LMT 1914 -3:00 Brazil BR%sT 1990 Sep 17 -3:00 - BRT 1999 Sep 30 -3:00 Brazil BR%sT 2000 Oct 15 -3:00 - BRT # # Tocantins (TO) Zone America/Araguaina -3:12:48 - LMT 1914 -3:00 Brazil BR%sT 1990 Sep 17 -3:00 - BRT 1995 Sep 14 -3:00 Brazil BR%sT # # Alagoas (AL), Sergipe (SE) Zone America/Maceio -2:22:52 - LMT 1914 -3:00 Brazil BR%sT 1990 Sep 17 -3:00 - BRT 1995 Oct 13 -3:00 Brazil BR%sT 1996 Sep 4 -3:00 - BRT 1999 Sep 30 -3:00 Brazil BR%sT 2000 Oct 22 -3:00 - BRT # # Bahia (BA), Goias (GO), Distrito Federal (DF), Minas Gerais (MG), # Espirito Santo (ES), Rio de Janeiro (RJ), Sao Paulo (SP), Parana (PR), # Santa Catarina (SC), Rio Grande do Sul (RS) Zone America/Sao_Paulo -3:06:28 - LMT 1914 -3:00 Brazil BR%sT 1963 Oct 23 00:00 -3:00 1:00 BRST 1964 -3:00 Brazil BR%sT # # Mato Grosso, Mato Grosso do Sul Zone America/Cuiaba -3:44:20 - LMT 1914 -4:00 Brazil AM%sT # # west Para (PA), Rondonia (RO) # West Para includes Altamira, Oribidos, Prainha, Oriximina, and Santarem. Zone America/Porto_Velho -4:15:36 - LMT 1914 -4:00 Brazil AM%sT 1988 Sep 12 -4:00 - AMT # # Roraima (RR) Zone America/Boa_Vista -4:02:40 - LMT 1914 -4:00 Brazil AM%sT 1988 Sep 12 -4:00 - AMT 1999 Sep 30 -4:00 Brazil AM%sT 2000 Oct 15 -4:00 - AMT # # east Amazonas (AM): Boca do Acre, Jutai, Manaus, Floriano Peixoto Zone America/Manaus -4:00:04 - LMT 1914 -4:00 Brazil AM%sT 1988 Sep 12 -4:00 - AMT 1993 Sep 28 -4:00 Brazil AM%sT 1994 Sep 22 -4:00 - AMT # # west Amazonas (AM): Atalaia do Norte, Boca do Maoco, Benjamin Constant, # Eirunepe, Envira, Ipixuna Zone America/Eirunepe -4:39:28 - LMT 1914 -5:00 Brazil AC%sT 1988 Sep 12 -5:00 - ACT 1993 Sep 28 -5:00 Brazil AC%sT 1994 Sep 22 -5:00 - ACT # # Acre (AC) Zone America/Rio_Branco -4:31:12 - LMT 1914 -5:00 Brazil AC%sT 1988 Sep 12 -5:00 - ACT # Chile # From Eduardo Krell (1995-10-19): # The law says to switch to DST at midnight [24:00] on the second SATURDAY # of October.... The law is the same for March and October. # (1998-09-29): # Because of the drought this year, the government decided to go into # DST earlier (saturday 9/26 at 24:00). This is a one-time change only ... # (unless there's another dry season next year, I guess). # From Julio I. Pacheco Troncoso (1999-03-18): # Because of the same drought, the government decided to end DST later, # on April 3, (one-time change). # From Gwillim Law (2001-02-20): # I came across a Chilean on-line newspaper, La Tercera. Its # <a href="http://www.tercera.cl/diario/1998/03/13/extras.html"> # 1998-03-13 issue # </a>, says (my translation): # "At 24:00 (midnight) tomorrow (Saturday) - 22:00 in the insular # territory [Easter Island, Juan Fernandez, etc.] - winter time will # begin in the entire country." # From Paul Eggert (2001-02-21): # Assume this rule has been used since DST was introduced in the islands. # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S Rule Chile 1918 only - Sep 1 0:00 1:00 S Rule Chile 1919 only - Jul 2 0:00 0 - Rule Chile 1927 1931 - Sep 1 0:00 1:00 S Rule Chile 1928 1932 - Apr 1 0:00 0 - Rule Chile 1969 1997 - Oct Sun>=9 4:00u 1:00 S Rule Chile 1970 1998 - Mar Sun>=9 3:00u 0 - Rule Chile 1998 only - Sep 27 4:00u 1:00 S Rule Chile 1999 only - Apr 4 3:00u 0 - Rule Chile 1999 max - Oct Sun>=9 4:00u 1:00 S Rule Chile 2000 max - Mar Sun>=9 3:00u 0 - # IATA SSIM anomalies: (1990-09) says 1990-09-16; (1992-02) says 1992-03-14; # (1996-09) says 1998-03-08. Ignore these. # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] Zone America/Santiago -4:42:40 - LMT 1890 -4:42:40 - SMT 1910 # Santiago Mean Time -5:00 Chile CL%sT 1932 Sep # Chile Time -4:00 Chile CL%sT Zone Pacific/Easter -7:17:28 - LMT 1890 # Mataveri -7:17:28 - MMT 1932 Sep # Mataveri Mean Time -7:00 Chile EAS%sT 1982 Mar 14 # Easter I Time -6:00 Chile EAS%sT # # Whitman says Juan Fernandez Is are like America/Santiago. # San Ambrosio, San Felix # no information; probably like America/Santiago # Colombia # Shanks specifies 24:00 for 1992 transition times; go with IATA, # as it seems implausible to change clocks at midnight New Year's Eve. # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S Rule CO 1992 only - May 2 0:00 1:00 S Rule CO 1992 only - Dec 31 0:00 0 - # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] Zone America/Bogota -4:56:20 - LMT 1884 Mar 13 -4:56:20 - BMT 1914 Nov 23 # Bogota Mean Time -5:00 CO CO%sT # Colombia Time # Malpelo, Providencia, San Andres # no information; probably like America/Bogota # Curacao # Shanks says that Bottom and Oranjestad have been at -4:00 since # standard time was introduced on 1912-03-02; and that Kralendijk and Rincon # used Kralendijk Mean Time (-4:33:08) from 1912-02-02 to 1965-01-01. # This all predates our 1970 cutoff, though. # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] Zone America/Curacao -4:35:44 - LMT 1912 Feb 12 # Willemstad -4:30 - ANT 1965 # Netherlands Antilles Time -4:00 - AST # Ecuador # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] Zone America/Guayaquil -5:19:20 - LMT 1890 -5:14:00 - QMT 1931 # Quito Mean Time -5:00 - ECT # Ecuador Time Zone Pacific/Galapagos -5:58:24 - LMT 1931 # Puerto Baquerizo Moreno -5:00 - ECT 1986 -6:00 - GALT # Galapagos Time # Falklands # From Paul Eggert (2001-03-05): # Between 1990 and 2000 inclusive, Shanks and the IATA agree except # the IATA gives 1996-09-08. Go with Shanks. # From Falkland Islands Government Office, London (2001-01-22) # via Jesper Norgaard: # ... the clocks revert back to Local Mean Time at 2 am on Sunday 15 # April 2001 and advance one hour to summer time at 2 am on Sunday 2 # September. It is anticipated that the clocks will revert back at 2 # am on Sunday 21 April 2002 and advance to summer time at 2 am on # Sunday 1 September. # From Rives McDow (2001-02-13): # # I have communicated several times with people there, and the last # time I had communications that was helpful was in 1998. Here is # what was said then: # # "The general rule was that Stanley used daylight saving and the Camp # did not. However for various reasons many people in the Camp have # started to use daylight saving (known locally as 'Stanley Time') # There is no rule as to who uses daylight saving - it is a matter of # personal choice and so it is impossible to draw a map showing who # uses it and who does not. Any list would be out of date as soon as # it was produced. This year daylight saving ended on April 18/19th # and started again on September 12/13th. I do not know what the rule # is, but can find out if you like. We do not change at the same time # as UK or Chile." # # I did have in my notes that the rule was "Second Saturday in Sep at # 0:00 until third Saturday in Apr at 0:00". I think that this does # not agree in some cases with Shanks; is this true? # # Also, there is no mention in the list that some areas in the # Falklands do not use DST. I have found in my communications there # that these areas are on the western half of East Falkland and all of # West Falkland. Stanley is the only place that consistently observes # DST. Again, as in other places in the world, the farmers don't like # it. West Falkland is almost entirely sheep farmers. # # I know one lady there that keeps a list of which farm keeps DST and # which doesn't each year. She runs a shop in Stanley, and says that # the list changes each year. She uses it to communicate to her # customers, catching them when they are home for lunch or dinner. # From Paul Eggert (2001-03-05): # For now, we'll just record the time in Stanley, since we have no # better info. # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S Rule Falk 1937 1938 - Sep lastSun 0:00 1:00 S Rule Falk 1938 1942 - Mar Sun>=19 0:00 0 - Rule Falk 1939 only - Oct 1 0:00 1:00 S Rule Falk 1940 1942 - Sep lastSun 0:00 1:00 S Rule Falk 1943 only - Jan 1 0:00 0 - Rule Falk 1983 only - Sep lastSun 0:00 1:00 S Rule Falk 1984 1985 - Apr lastSun 0:00 0 - Rule Falk 1984 only - Sep 16 0:00 1:00 S Rule Falk 1985 2000 - Sep Sun>=9 0:00 1:00 S Rule Falk 1986 2000 - Apr Sun>=16 0:00 0 - Rule Falk 2001 max - Apr Sun>=15 2:00 0 - Rule Falk 2001 max - Sep Sun>=1 2:00 1:00 S # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] Zone Atlantic/Stanley -3:51:24 - LMT 1890 -3:51:24 - SMT 1912 Mar 12 # Stanley Mean Time -4:00 Falk FK%sT 1983 May # Falkland Is Time -3:00 Falk FK%sT 1985 Sep 15 -4:00 Falk FK%sT # French Guiana # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] Zone America/Cayenne -3:29:20 - LMT 1911 Jul -4:00 - GFT 1967 Oct # French Guiana Time -3:00 - GFT # Guyana # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] Zone America/Guyana -3:52:40 - LMT 1915 Mar # Georgetown -3:45 - GBGT 1966 May 26 # Br Guiana Time -3:45 - GYT 1975 Jul 31 # Guyana Time -3:00 - GYT 1991 # IATA SSIM (1996-06) says -4:00. Assume a 1991 switch. -4:00 - GYT # Paraguay # From Paul Eggert (1999-10-29): # Shanks (1999) says that spring transitions are from 01:00 -> 02:00, # and autumn transitions are from 00:00 -> 23:00. Go with earlier # editions of Shanks, and with the IATA, who say transitions occur at 00:00. # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S Rule Para 1975 1988 - Oct 1 0:00 1:00 S Rule Para 1975 1978 - Mar 1 0:00 0 - Rule Para 1979 1991 - Apr 1 0:00 0 - Rule Para 1989 only - Oct 22 0:00 1:00 S Rule Para 1990 only - Oct 1 0:00 1:00 S Rule Para 1991 only - Oct 6 0:00 1:00 S Rule Para 1992 only - Mar 1 0:00 0 - Rule Para 1992 only - Oct 5 0:00 1:00 S Rule Para 1993 only - Mar 31 0:00 0 - Rule Para 1993 1995 - Oct 1 0:00 1:00 S Rule Para 1994 1995 - Feb lastSun 0:00 0 - Rule Para 1996 only - Mar 1 0:00 0 - # IATA SSIM (2000-02) says 1999-10-10; ignore this for now. # From Steffen Thorsen (2000-10-02): # I have three independent reports that Paraguay changed to DST this Sunday # (10-01). # # Translated by Gwillim Law (2001-02-27) from # <a href="http://www.diarionoticias.com.py/011000/nacional/naciona1.htm"> # Noticias, a daily paper in Asuncion, Paraguay (2000-10-01) # </a>: # Starting at 0:00 today, the clock will be set forward 60 minutes, in # fulfillment of Decree No. 7,273 of the Executive Power.... The time change # system has been operating for several years. Formerly there was a separate # decree each year; the new law has the same effect, but permanently. Every # year, the time will change on the first Sunday of October; likewise, the # clock will be set back on the first Sunday of March. # # From Jesper Norgaard (2001-03-06) [an official URL saying similar things]: # http://gateway.abc.com.py:8000/pub/pag04.mbr/artic?FHA=2001-03-03-02.24.52.… # Rule Para 1996 max - Oct Sun>=1 0:00 1:00 S # IATA SSIM (1997-09) says Mar 1; go with Shanks. Rule Para 1997 only - Feb lastSun 0:00 0 - # Shanks says 1999-02-28; IATA SSIM (1999-02) says 1999-02-27, but # (1999-09) reports no date; go with above sources and Gerd Knops (2001-02-27). Rule Para 1998 max - Mar Sun>=1 0:00 0 - # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] Zone America/Asuncion -3:50:40 - LMT 1890 -3:50:40 - AMT 1931 Oct 10 # Asuncion Mean Time -4:00 - PYT 1972 Oct # Paraguay Time -3:00 - PYT 1974 Apr -4:00 Para PY%sT # Peru # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S Rule Peru 1938 only - Jan 1 0:00 1:00 S Rule Peru 1938 only - Apr 1 0:00 0 - Rule Peru 1938 1939 - Sep lastSun 0:00 1:00 S Rule Peru 1939 1940 - Mar Sun>=24 0:00 0 - Rule Peru 1987 only - Jan 1 0:00 1:00 S Rule Peru 1987 only - Apr 1 0:00 0 - Rule Peru 1990 only - Jan 1 0:00 1:00 S Rule Peru 1990 only - Apr 1 0:00 0 - # IATA is ambiguous for 1993/1995; go with Shanks. Rule Peru 1994 only - Jan 1 0:00 1:00 S Rule Peru 1994 only - Apr 1 0:00 0 - # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] Zone America/Lima -5:08:12 - LMT 1890 -5:09 - LMT 1908 Jul 28 # Lima Mean Time -5:00 Peru PE%sT # Peru Time # South Georgia # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] Zone Atlantic/South_Georgia -2:26:08 - LMT 1890 # Grytviken -2:00 - GST # South Georgia Time # South Sandwich Is # uninhabited; scientific personnel have wintered # Suriname # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] Zone America/Paramaribo -3:40:40 - LMT 1911 -3:40:52 - PMT 1935 # Paramaribo Mean Time -3:40:36 - PMT 1945 Oct # The capital moved? -3:30 - NEGT 1975 Nov 20 # Dutch Guiana Time -3:30 - SRT 1984 Oct # Suriname Time -3:00 - SRT # Trinidad and Tobago # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] Zone America/Port_of_Spain -4:06:04 - LMT 1912 Mar 2 -4:00 - AST # Uruguay # From Paul Eggert <eggert(a)twinsun.com> (1993-11-18): # Uruguay wins the prize for the strangest peacetime manipulation of the rules. # From Shanks: # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S # Whitman gives 1923 Oct 1; go with Shanks. Rule Uruguay 1923 only - Oct 2 0:00 0:30 HS Rule Uruguay 1924 1926 - Apr 1 0:00 0 - Rule Uruguay 1924 1925 - Oct 1 0:00 0:30 HS Rule Uruguay 1933 1935 - Oct lastSun 0:00 0:30 HS # Shanks gives 1935 Apr 1 0:00 and 1936 Mar 30 0:00; go with Whitman. Rule Uruguay 1934 1936 - Mar Sat>=25 23:30s 0 - Rule Uruguay 1936 only - Nov 1 0:00 0:30 HS Rule Uruguay 1937 1941 - Mar lastSun 0:00 0 - # Whitman gives 1937 Oct 3; go with Shanks. Rule Uruguay 1937 1940 - Oct lastSun 0:00 0:30 HS # Whitman gives 1941 Oct 24 - 1942 Mar 27, 1942 Dec 14 - 1943 Apr 13, # and 1943 Apr 13 ``to present time''; go with Shanks. Rule Uruguay 1941 only - Aug 1 0:00 0 - Rule Uruguay 1942 only - Jan 1 0:00 0:30 HS Rule Uruguay 1942 only - Dec 14 0:00 1:00 S Rule Uruguay 1943 only - Mar 14 0:00 0 - Rule Uruguay 1959 only - May 24 0:00 1:00 S Rule Uruguay 1959 only - Nov 15 0:00 0 - Rule Uruguay 1960 only - Jan 17 0:00 1:00 S Rule Uruguay 1960 only - Mar 6 0:00 0 - Rule Uruguay 1965 1967 - Apr Sun>=1 0:00 1:00 S Rule Uruguay 1965 only - Sep 26 0:00 0 - Rule Uruguay 1966 1967 - Oct 31 0:00 0 - Rule Uruguay 1968 1970 - May 27 0:00 0:30 HS Rule Uruguay 1968 1970 - Dec 2 0:00 0 - Rule Uruguay 1972 only - Apr 24 0:00 1:00 S Rule Uruguay 1972 only - Aug 15 0:00 0 - Rule Uruguay 1974 only - Mar 10 0:00 0:30 HS Rule Uruguay 1974 only - Dec 22 0:00 1:00 S Rule Uruguay 1976 only - Oct 1 0:00 0 - Rule Uruguay 1977 only - Dec 4 0:00 1:00 S Rule Uruguay 1978 only - Apr 1 0:00 0 - Rule Uruguay 1979 only - Oct 1 0:00 1:00 S Rule Uruguay 1980 only - May 1 0:00 0 - Rule Uruguay 1987 only - Dec 14 0:00 1:00 S Rule Uruguay 1988 only - Mar 14 0:00 0 - Rule Uruguay 1988 only - Dec 11 0:00 1:00 S Rule Uruguay 1989 only - Mar 12 0:00 0 - Rule Uruguay 1989 only - Oct 29 0:00 1:00 S # Shanks says no DST was observed in 1990/1 and 1991/2, # and that 1992/3's DST was from 10-25 to 03-01. Go with IATA. Rule Uruguay 1990 1992 - Mar Sun>=1 0:00 0 - Rule Uruguay 1990 1991 - Oct Sun>=21 0:00 1:00 S Rule Uruguay 1992 only - Oct 18 0:00 1:00 S Rule Uruguay 1993 only - Feb 28 0:00 0 - # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] Zone America/Montevideo -3:44:44 - LMT 1898 Jun 28 -3:44:44 - MMT 1920 May 1 # Montevideo MT -3:30 Uruguay UY%sT 1942 Dec 14 # Uruguay Time -3:00 Uruguay UY%sT # Venezuela # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] Zone America/Caracas -4:27:44 - LMT 1890 -4:27:44 - CMT 1912 Feb 12 # Caracas Mean Time -4:30 - VET 1965 # Venezuela Time -4:00 - VET

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FW: Updated Australian time zone names/strings
by Olson, Arthur David (NCI) April 17, 2001

April 17, 2001

David Begley is not on the time zone mailing list; direct replies appropriately. --ado -----Original Message----- From: David J N Begley [mailto:d.begley@uws.edu.au] Sent: Thursday, March 22, 2001 3:40 AM To: Time Zone Database Subject: Updated Australian time zone names/strings To whom it may concern... Summary: I'd like to request the "EST/EST" time zone strings for Australian eastern standard and summer/daylight-savings time be changed to "AEST/AEDT", given that "EST/EST": - clashes with an existing U.S. time zone; - gives no indication of the difference between standard/d'light savings; - is unnecessarily confusing; - is incorrectly quoted from the time zone database as authoritative; and, - does not necessarily gel with "common practice" in Australia. Whilst it is arguable exactly what string/abbreviation should be used in the absence of formal standards, I present "common usage" examples below and argue that at the very least, the abbreviations for standard and daylight savings time should be *different*. Detail: Checking the tzdata2001a archive (and various UNIX systems), Australian eastern time zones (particularly "Australia/Sydney") use the time zone string "EST" for both standard and summer/daylight-savings time. Notionally, this is just a visual issue that doesn't really bring the IT industry to its knees if it's wrong since most decent systems work directly on the UTC offset instead. However, some systems use the time zone database as an "expert reference" from which to extrapolate incorrect information - it is this that triggered my submission to you. For example, the time zone database includes the following comment: # From John Mackin (1991-03-06): # We in Australia have _never_ referred to DST as `daylight' time. # It is called `summer' time. Now by a happy coincidence, `summer' # and `standard' happen to start with the same letter; hence, the # abbreviation does _not_ change... I can't speak for Mr Mackin's direct experience, but I can most certainly contest the assertion that, "We in Australia have _never_ referred to DST as `daylight' time" - certainly everyone I know (and myself, of course) have always used the term "daylight savings" rather than "summer time". I've used UNIX systems for years so to a certain degree I'm used to this "error" in the time zone database; however, now that people are using the database as an authoritative resource (despite the comments in the file to the contrary), I thought it only fair to request a correction (in the hope that those relying on the database will in turn correct their information). Mr Mackin continues: # The legislation does not actually define abbreviations, at least # in this State, but the abbreviation is just commonly taken to be the # initials of the phrase, and the legislation here uniformly uses # the phrase `summer time' and does not use the phrase `daylight # time'. Unfortunately Mr Mackin does not indicate to what State he refers, but in *this* State (New South Wales - NSW), the relevant legislation clearly uses both terms (summer time and daylight savings) interchangeably; for reference, see the Standard Time Act 1987 (NSW), which *predates* Mr Mackin's comment: "New South Wales Consolidated Acts - STANDARD TIME ACT 1987" http://www.austlii.edu.au/au/legis/nsw/consol_act/sta1987137/ Whilst the Act clearly defines "standard time" and "summer time", it also makes specific mention of "daylight saving": - the long title of the legislation is: "An Act relating to standard time and daylight saving in New South Wales." - part 3 of the Act, talking about summer time, is in fact entitled: "PART 3 - DAYLIGHT SAVING" For further evidence of the use of the term "daylight saving", see: "Time in New South Wales" (NSW Attorney General's Department) http://www.lawlink.nsw.gov.au/crd.nsf/pages/time1 "Daylight Saving in New South Wales" (NSW Department of Public Works and Services) http://dir.gis.nsw.gov.au/cgi-bin/genobject/document/other/daylightsaving/ti gGmZITWr0 "When does daylight savings start in Australia?" (National Standards Commission) http://www.nsc.gov.au/PAGES/Info/info_faq.html#Daylight Savings "Daylight Saving" (National Standards Commission) http://www.nsc.gov.au/PDF_WORD/Info/IL27.pdf Clearly, the assertion that Australia always uses the term "summer time" instead of "daylight time" or "daylight savings" (and therefore, the time zone abbreviations must be the same) is *incorrect*. The confusion arises because in Australia it is the States (not the Federal/national government) that legislate time changes during the summer months; whilst technically it is a federal responsibility under the constitution (as a measure related to commerce), the parliament has never really been able to pass legislation on the matter due to the fear that the States would see this as removing some of their legislative powers (see Hansard, Commonwealth House of Representatives, 1991). Subsequently, there is no standard name for time zones or summer clock shifts just "common use" (for various definitions of "common") that sometimes vary from State to State. In the media you will experience all manner of phrases used such as "Eastern Time", "Summer Time", "Sydney Time" and numerous other variants; for example, C&W Optus (a large telco) uses abbreviations such as "AEDST" when referring to Australian eastern daylight savings time. I suspect, apart from Mr Mackin's comments above, that the local use of the phrase "Eastern Standard Time" (which is clearly local in context) is what has led to the use of the ambiguous "EST" in the time zone database. More recently, however, the media is recognising the global context (rather than local) and starting to prefix time zone references with "Australian" (more on this below). As noted above, this confusing lack of standards, local phrases and personal experiences have found their way into the time zone database, into nearly every UNIX system (well...) and has now created even more confusion, especially as some people start to quote the time zone database as authoritative. For example: "Australian time zones and their naming variants account for fully one quarter of all time zones in the Postgres time zone lookup table." http://www.postgresql.org/users-lounge/docs/7.0/user/datetime-appendix.htm (Caused by wierd variants - many of which I must admit to never having seen in use - to the ambiguous "EST". Also note that they recognise "AEST".) More of a concern, is this: "4.5. The timezone string for Sydney/Australia is wrong since even when daylight saving time is in effect the timezone string is EST. "{UD} The problem for some timezones is that the local authorities decided to use the term 'summer time' instead of 'daylight saving time'. In this case the abbreviation character `S' is the same as the standard one. So, for Sydney we have Eastern Standard Time = EST Eastern Summer Time = EST Great! To get this bug fixed convince the authorities to change the laws and regulations of the country this effects. glibc behaves correctly." http://www.gnu.org/software/libc/FAQ.html This is clearly based on Mr Mackin's comment in the time zone database, and as I have demonstrated is wrong (in terms of the legislation and government use). Unfortunately, despite the evidence, the glibc authors simply point to the time zone database as authoritative and allow this error to continue. glibc is *not* behaving correctly, nor is the time zone database (but to correct glibc I need to get the time zone database updated). So.. by this time I hope I've demonstrated that it *is* legitimate (and correct) to use a different abbreviation for daylight savings/summer time; all that remains is to demonstrate why I've chosen "AEST" and "AEDT" to replace "EST" for standard and daylight savings time respectively. Well, ignoring my own use of these abbreviations, some "common use" includes: - Australian Broadcasting Corporation <http://www.abc.net.au/news/> - Browse the ABC News site and see the instances of "AEST" and "AEDT" (even "ACST" and "AWST" for central and western standard time) in reference to eastern standard or eastern summer time depending on whether that particular State observes daylight savings or not. - In particular, see the "Posted" timestamps at: <http://www.abc.net.au/news/state/nsw/default.htm> - The home page currently has a timestamp (towards page top-right) of: "This Bulletin: Thu, Mar 22 2001 4:15 PM AEDT". - Even at the bottom of the first news page is the explanation of "AEDT" (which may disappear this weekend when DST ends in NSW): "AEDT = Australian Eastern Daylight Time which is 11 hours ahead of UTC (Greenwich Mean Time)" - These pages also appear in a search of the Commonwealth Government's <http://www.fed.gov.au/> Web site. - Australian Department of Defence <http://www.defence.gov.au/> - See various media releases, for example, referring to times in either "AEST" or "AEDT", including: <http://www.defence.gov.au/media/1997/05797.html> <http://www.defence.gov.au/media/1997/01197.html> - National Library of Australia <http://www.nla.gov.au/> - Search their Web site for "AEST", references to contacting them give times in this time zone: <http://www.nla.gov.au/dss/libraries_os.html#express> - Australian Taxation Office (ATO) - http://www.ato.gov.au/content.asp?doc=/content/tax_reform/nat3402.htm - Australian Football League (AFL) - Fixture times: <http://www.afl.com.au/matches/season_111.htm> - Australian Cricket Board (ACB) - Live game coverage: <http://www-aus.cricket.org/link_to_database/NATIONAL/AUS/MATCHES/> - "The Australian" (and other Murdoch/News-owned newspapers) - Example: <http://australianit.news.com.au/common/storyPage/0,3811,902553%255E2184,00. html> - You have to "view source" to see the "Updated...AEST" - Visible at the very bottom, "All times AEDT" - Other (small sample) - NineMSN's News service <http://www.news.ninemsn.com.au/> (notice current time given in AEDT) - "...each fortnightly Sunday morning at 8am AEST/AEDT" http://news.ninemsn.com.au/smallbusiness/help/help9.asp - AAP IS/News, as viewed through <http://au.dailynews.yahoo.com/> (pick AAP-sourced articles and notice times in "AEDT" and "AEST") The examples go on and on. As you can see, it is not just government sites using the time zones "AEST" and "AEDT" in this manner. An argument could probably be mounted to have all the Australian time zones altered accordingly (probably along the lines used by the ABC and The Australian), but it's mainly the Australia/Sydney time zone that interests me at present. I hope this is sufficient information/examples for consideration, but would be happy to provide further info/examples if necessary. Thanks for your consideration (and sorry for this being so long); hope to hear your comments soon. Cheers.. dave

6 9

Argentina's (no) daylight savings time
by Mariano Absatz April 16, 2001

April 16, 2001

Hi, Im new to the list so forgive me if this has already been discused. I administer a bunch of Solaris and Linux (RedHat 6.x/7.x) machines and a month or so ago, all of the Linuxes went one hour early... It was quite clear that it was related to a timezone problem... the problem was I never quite understood the format of the zoneinfo files... anyway, I got the latest files from ftp://elsie.nci.nih.gov/pub/ to try to solve the problem, but it didn't work... I just saw that there is another release (2001b), but the bug is still there... I edited the southamerica file by hand not exactly knowing what I'm doing, but I kinda fixed it. The point is that as far as I remember, in the last 3 or 4 years, DST was not used (there were a few decrees and I think there was a failed national survey, but eventually, DST was not applied). Anyway, the "least damage" editing I could think of (not fully understanding the zoneinfo file logic) was deleting all the zone data regarding the year 2000 rule for all Argentine cities in the file (Buenos_Aires, Rosario, Cordoba, Jujuy, Catamarca and Mendoza). It worked, though I ain't quite sure if it will go wrong in October... Probably, the rule itself should be erased, though I didn't do it... Is there a somehow concise explanation of the format of the zoneinfo files, other than the comments in the file itself?... in fact, I only checked the southamerica file, maybe there is another one with a better explanation... I actually don't have the laws, decrees and/or Supreme Court roulings regarding DST to justify what I am doing, but I DO know what time is it now :-) (and the fact that it's 3 hours west from GMT, and that I didn't change to DST for more than a couple of years). If I get to understand the format and relationship betwenn Rules and Zones I can correct the Rules/Zones for the couple of last years... I actually don't have previous data, and given the conflicts DST generated the last time it was used (I can't even remember when that was) I don't think there IS a knowledgable source for the past, other than what was put in there by other people in the past. TIA. If you are interested this is the diff output: ================================================================= # diff southamerica.wrong southamerica.better 137d136 < -4:00 Arg AR%sT 2000 Mar 3 0:00 148d146 < -4:00 Arg AR%sT 2000 Mar 3 0:00 159d156 < -4:00 Arg AR%sT 2000 Mar 3 0:00 172d168 < -4:00 Arg AR%sT 2000 Mar 3 0:00 184d179 < -4:00 Arg AR%sT 2000 Mar 3 0:00 197d191 < -4:00 Arg AR%sT 2000 Mar 3 0:00 ================================================================= -- Mariano Absatz baby(a)baby.com.ar

1 0

List of time zones compliant both for Linux, Solaris 5.8, OSF1 Tru64, HP-UX
by francois reygagne April 16, 2001

April 16, 2001

I need if possible the same timezone lists for the platforms listed bellow Linux, Solaris 5.8, OSF1 Tru64, HP-UX to make portable the handling of timezones. I'm afraid when i took a look to the differents unix os flavors the timezone strings are not the same according to the targetted platforms. I discovered the timezones defined by Solaris is only the single as the OLSON data. I'm wondering if it could be possible to use the OLSON data and code instead the specific target OS stuff. This could be very convenient and resolve my problem of porting. If the answer is Yes, How could we use OLSON data and code for each paltforms. Is there an installation guide to override the default platform timezone stuff. If the response is No, how to make an association code between the different timezones list. Please enclosed here after the timezone lists for each platform: ============================================================ HP-UX # @(#) $Revision: 80.4.1.6 $ # Mitteleuropaeische Zeit, Mitteleuropaeische Sommerzeit MEZ-1MESZ 0 3 25-31 3 1983-2038 0 MESZ-2 0 2 24-30 9 1983-1995 0 MEZ-1 0 2 25-31 10 1996-2038 0 MEZ-1 # Middle European Time, Middle European Time Daylight Savings Time MET-1METDST 0 3 25-31 3 1983-2038 0 METDST-2 0 2 24-30 9 1983-1995 0 MET-1 0 2 25-31 10 1996-2038 0 MET-1 # Greenwich Mean Time, British Summer Time GMT0BST 0 3 25-31 3 1983-1984 0 BST-1 0 3 23-29 3 1985-1990 0 BST-1 0 3 25-31 3 1991-1995 0 BST-1 0 2 25-31 3 1996-2038 0 BST-1 0 1 25-31 10 1983-1985 0 GMT0 0 1 23-29 10 1986-1994 0 GMT0 0 1 18-24 10 1995 0 GMT0 0 1 25-31 10 1996-2038 0 GMT0 # Pacific Standard Time, Pacific Daylight Time PST8PDT 0 3 24-30 4 1970-1973 0 PDT7 0 3 6 1 1974 0-6 PDT7 0 3 22-28 2 1975 0 PDT7 0 3 24-30 4 1976-1986 0 PDT7 0 3 1-7 4 1987-2038 0 PDT7 0 1 25-31 10 1970-1973 0 PST8 0 1 24-30 11 1974 0 PST8 0 1 25-31 10 1975-2038 0 PST8 # Eastern Standard Time, Eastern Daylight Time EST5EDT 0 3 24-30 4 1970-1973 0 EDT4 0 3 6 1 1974 0-6 EDT4 0 3 22-28 2 1975 0 EDT4 0 3 24-30 4 1976-1986 0 EDT4 0 3 1-7 4 1987-2038 0 EDT4 0 1 25-31 10 1970-1973 0 EST5 0 1 24-30 11 1974 0 EST5 0 1 25-31 10 1975-2038 0 EST5 # Central Standard Time, Central Daylight Time CST6CDT 0 3 24-30 4 1970-1973 0 CDT5 0 3 6 1 1974 0-6 CDT5 0 3 22-28 2 1975 0 CDT5 0 3 24-30 4 1976-1986 0 CDT5 0 3 1-7 4 1987-2038 0 CDT5 0 1 25-31 10 1970-1973 0 CST6 0 1 24-30 11 1974 0 CST6 0 1 25-31 10 1975-2038 0 CST6 # Mountain Standard Time, Mountain Daylight Time MST7MDT 0 3 24-30 4 1970-1973 0 MDT6 0 3 6 1 1974 0-6 MDT6 0 3 22-28 2 1975 0 MDT6 0 3 24-30 4 1976-1986 0 MDT6 0 3 1-7 4 1987-2038 0 MDT6 0 1 25-31 10 1970-1973 0 MST7 0 1 24-30 11 1974 0 MST7 0 1 25-31 10 1975-2038 0 MST7 # Atlantic Standard Time, Atlantic Daylight Time AST4ADT 0 3 24-30 4 1970-1973 0 ADT3 0 3 6 1 1974 0-6 ADT3 0 3 22-28 2 1975 0 ADT3 0 3 24-30 4 1976-1986 0 ADT3 0 3 1-7 4 1987-2038 0 ADT3 0 1 25-31 10 1970-1973 0 AST4 0 1 24-30 11 1974 0 AST4 0 1 25-31 10 1975-2038 0 AST4 # Newfoundland Standard Time, Newfoundland Daylight Time NST3:30NDT 0 3 24-30 4 1970-1973 0 NDT2:30 0 3 6 1 1974 0-6 NDT2:30 0 3 22-28 2 1975 0 NDT2:30 0 3 24-30 4 1976-1986 0 NDT2:30 0 3 1-7 4 1987-2038 0 NDT2:30 0 1 25-31 10 1970-1973 0 NST3:30 0 1 24-30 11 1974 0 NST3:30 0 1 25-31 10 1975-2038 0 NST3:30 # Eastern Standard Time, Central Daylight Time (US: Indiana) EST5CDT 0 3 24-30 4 1970-1973 0 CDT5 0 3 6 1 1974 0-6 CDT5 0 3 22-28 2 1975 0 CDT5 0 3 24-30 4 1976-1986 0 CDT5 0 3 1-7 4 1987-2038 0 CDT5 0 1 25-31 10 1970-1973 0 EST5 0 1 24-30 11 1974 0 EST5 0 1 25-31 10 1975-2038 0 EST5 # Aleutian Standard Time, Aleutian Daylight Time AST10ADT 0 3 24-30 4 1970-1973 0 ADT9 0 3 6 1 1974 0-6 ADT9 0 3 22-28 2 1975 0 ADT9 0 3 24-30 4 1976-1986 0 ADT9 0 3 1-7 4 1987-2038 0 ADT9 0 1 25-31 10 1970-1973 0 AST10 0 1 24-30 11 1974 0 AST10 0 1 25-31 10 1975-2038 0 AST10 # Yukon Standard Time, Yukon Daylight Time YST9YDT 0 3 24-30 4 1970-1973 0 YDT8 0 3 6 1 1974 0-6 YDT8 0 3 22-28 2 1975 0 YDT8 0 3 24-30 4 1976-1986 0 YDT8 0 3 1-7 4 1987-2038 0 YDT8 0 1 25-31 10 1970-1973 0 YST9 0 1 24-30 11 1974 0 YST9 0 1 25-31 10 1975-2038 0 YST9 # Western European Time, Western European Time Daylight Savings Time WET0WETDST 0 3 25-31 3 1983-1984 0 WETDST-1 0 3 23-29 3 1985-1995 0 WETDST-1 0 2 25-31 3 1996-2038 0 WETDST-1 0 1 25-31 10 1983-1985 0 WET0 0 1 23-29 10 1986-1995 0 WET0 0 1 25-31 10 1996-2038 0 WET0 # Portuguese Winter Time, Portuguese Summer Time PWT0PST 0 2 25-31 3 1983-2038 0 PST-1 0 1 25-31 10 1983-2038 0 PWT0 # South Africa Standard Time SAST-2 0 1 1-7 3 1985-2038 0 SAST-2 # Australian Central Standard Time, Australian Central Daylight Time # (South Australia) # # This entry has been changed to allow for a later ending of # daylight savings time from 1995 onwards in South Australia. # It now ends in the last week of March. # CST-9:30CDT 0 3 25-31 10 1971-2038 0 CDT-10:30 0 1 27 2 1972 0-6 CST-9:30 0 1 1-7 3 1973-1994 0 CST-9:30 0 2 25-31 3 1995-2038 0 CST-9:30 # Australian Eastern Standard Time, Australian Eastern Daylight Time # # This entry has been changed to allow for a later ending of # daylight savings time from 1996 onwards. # It now ends in the last week of March. # EST-10EDT 0 3 25-31 10 1971-2038 0 EDT-11 0 1 27 2 1972 0-6 EST-10 0 1 1-7 3 1973-1985 0 EST-10 0 1 15-21 3 1986 0 EST-10 0 1 1-7 3 1987-1995 0 EST-10 0 2 25-31 3 1996-2038 0 EST-10 # New Zealand Standard Time, New Zealand Daylight Time # NZST-12NZDT 0 3 25-31 10 1985-1988 0 NZDT-13 0 3 8 10 1989 0-6 NZDT-13 0 3 1-7 10 1990-2038 0 NZDT-13 0 1 1-7 3 1985-1989 0 NZST-12 0 1 15-21 3 1990-2038 0 NZST-12 # Pacific Standard Time, Pacific Daylight Time (for Malaysia or Singapore) # PST-8PDT 0 1 1-7 4 1996-2038 0 PDT-9 0 1 25-31 10 1996-2038 0 PST-8 # Finland Standard Time, Finland Daylight Time # EET-2EETDST 0 3 25-31 3 1981-2038 0 EETDST-3 0 4 24-30 9 1981-2038 0 EET-2 # The timezones named above should be used in preference to those below except # for dates prior to 1987 for Tasmania. US and Canada use the same rules so # the simpler timezone strings above will work for both countries. # Australian Eastern Standard Time, Australian Eastern Daylight Time (Tasmania) # (same as EST-10EDT for 1987 - 2038) # # This entry has been changed to allow for an earlier starting # and later ending of daylight savings time from 1995 onwards # in Tasmania. It starts in the first week of October and # ends in the last week of March. EST-10EDT#Tasmania 0 3 25-31 10 1971-1994 0 EDT#Tasmania-11 0 3 1-7 10 1995-2038 0 EDT#Tasmania-11 0 1 27 2 1972 0-6 EST-10 0 1 1-7 3 1973-1994 0 EST-10 0 1 25-31 3 1995-2038 0 EST-10 # Australian Eastern Standard Time, Australian Eastern Daylight Time # # This entry has been changed to allow for a later ending of # daylight savings time from 1996 onwards. # It now ends in the last week of March. # (New South Wales) EST-10EDT#NSW 0 3 25-31 10 1971-2038 0 EDT#NSW-11 0 1 27 2 1972 0-6 EST-10 0 1 1-7 3 1973-1985 0 EST-10 0 1 15-21 3 1986 0 EST-10 0 2 1-7 3 1987-1995 0 EST-10 0 2 25-31 3 1996-2038 0 EST-10 # Australian Eastern Standard Time, Australian Eastern Daylight Time # # This entry has been changed to allow for a later ending of # daylight savings time from 1995 onwards. # It now ends in the last week of March. # (Victoria) EST-10EDT#VIC 0 3 25-31 10 1971-2038 0 EDT#VIC-11 0 1 27 2 1972 0-6 EST-10 0 1 1-7 3 1973-1985 0 EST-10 0 1 15-21 3 1986 0 EST-10 0 1 1-7 3 1987-1994 0 EST-10 0 2 25-31 3 1995-2038 0 EST-10 # Pacific Standard Time, Pacific Daylight Time (Canada) PST8PDT#Canada 0 3 24-30 4 1970-1973 0 PDT#Canada7 0 3 6 1 1974 0-6 PDT#Canada7 0 3 22-28 2 1975 0 PDT#Canada7 0 3 24-30 4 1976-1986 0 PDT#Canada7 0 3 1-7 4 1987-2038 0 PDT#Canada7 0 1 25-31 10 1970-1973 0 PST8 0 1 24-30 11 1974 0 PST8 0 1 25-31 10 1975-2038 0 PST8 # Mountain Standard Time, Mountain Daylight Time (Canada) MST7MDT#Canada 0 3 24-30 4 1970-1973 0 MDT#Canada6 0 3 6 1 1974 0-6 MDT#Canada6 0 3 22-28 2 1975 0 MDT#Canada6 0 3 24-30 4 1976-1986 0 MDT#Canada6 0 3 1-7 4 1987-2038 0 MDT#Canada6 0 1 25-31 10 1970-1973 0 MST7 0 1 24-30 11 1974 0 MST7 0 1 25-31 10 1975-2038 0 MST7 # Central Standard Time, Central Daylight Time (Canada) CST6CDT#Canada 0 3 24-30 4 1970-1973 0 CDT#Canada5 0 3 6 1 1974 0-6 CDT#Canada5 0 3 22-28 2 1975 0 CDT#Canada5 0 3 24-30 4 1976-1986 0 CDT#Canada5 0 3 1-7 4 1987-2038 0 CDT#Canada5 0 1 25-31 10 1970-1973 0 CST6 0 1 24-30 11 1974 0 CST6 0 1 25-31 10 1975-2038 0 CST6 # Eastern Standard Time, Eastern Daylight Time (Canada) EST5EDT#Canada 0 3 24-30 4 1970-1973 0 EDT#Canada4 0 3 6 1 1974 0-6 EDT#Canada4 0 3 22-28 2 1975 0 EDT#Canada4 0 3 24-30 4 1976-1986 0 EDT#Canada4 0 3 1-7 4 1987-2038 0 EDT#Canada4 0 1 25-31 10 1970-1973 0 EST5 0 1 24-30 11 1974 0 EST5 0 1 25-31 10 1975-2038 0 EST5 # Eastern Standard Time (US: Most of Indiana) # # This entry is added to correct the Indiana timezone because # Indiana does not observe Daylight Savings Time. The original # entry EST5CDT is kept to ensure backward compatibility. EST5EST 0 3 24-30 4 1970-1973 0 EST5 0 3 6 1 1974 0-6 EST5 0 3 22-28 2 1975 0 EST5 0 3 24-30 4 1976-1986 0 EST5 0 3 1-7 4 1987-2038 0 EST5 0 1 25-31 10 1970-1973 0 EST5 0 1 24-30 11 1974 0 EST5 0 1 25-31 10 1975-2038 0 EST5 # Eastern Standard Time, Central Daylight Time (US: Indiana) # # This entry is for backward compatibility only, the correct entry # is the EST5CDT entry above. This entry is incorrect because the # "6" in EST6CDT below should be a "5". Other than the "6" being # changed to "5", this entry and EST5CDT are the same and the # end result of using either is identical. # EST6CDT 0 3 24-30 4 1970-1973 0 CDT5 0 3 6 1 1974 0-6 CDT5 0 3 22-28 2 1975 0 CDT5 0 3 24-30 4 1976-1986 0 CDT5 0 3 1-7 4 1987-2038 0 CDT5 0 1 25-31 10 1970-1973 0 EST5 0 1 24-30 11 1974 0 EST5 0 1 25-31 10 1975-2038 0 EST5 # Western Russia (Moscow) Time, Western Russia (Moscow) Daylight Savings # Time WST-3WSTDST 0 3 25-31 3 1983-2038 0 WSTDST-4 0 2 24-30 9 1983-1995 0 WST-3 0 2 25-31 10 1996-2038 0 WST-3 # Belorussia (minsk) Time, Belorussia (minsk) Daylight Savings Time WST-2WSTDST 0 3 25-31 3 1983-2038 0 WSTDST-3 0 2 24-30 9 1983-1995 0 WST-2 0 2 25-31 10 1996-2038 0 WST-2 # European Russia (samara) Time, European Russia (samara) Daylight Savings #Time WST-4WSTDST 0 3 25-31 3 1983-2038 0 WSTDST-5 0 2 24-30 9 1983-1995 0 WST-4 0 2 25-31 10 1996-2038 0 WST-4 # Urals (Ekaterinburg) Time, Urals (Ekaterinburg) Daylight Savings Time WST-5WSTDST 0 3 25-31 3 1983-2038 0 WSTDST-6 0 2 24-30 9 1983-1995 0 WST-5 0 2 25-31 10 1996-2038 0 WST-5 # Western Siberia (Omsk), Western Siberia (Omsk) Daylight Savings Time WST-6WSTDST 0 3 25-31 3 1983-2038 0 WSTDST-7 0 2 24-30 9 1983-1995 0 WST-6 0 2 25-31 10 1996-2038 0 WST-6 # Middle Siberia (Krasnoyarsk) Time, Middle Siberia (Krasnoyarsk) # Daylight Savings Time WST-7WSTDST 0 3 25-31 3 1983-2038 0 WSTDST-8 0 2 24-30 9 1983-1995 0 WST-7 0 2 25-31 10 1996-2038 0 WST-7 # Baikal lake (Irkutsk) Time, Baikal lake (Irkutsk) Daylight Savings Time WST-8WSTDST 0 3 25-31 3 1983-2038 0 WSTDST-9 0 2 24-30 9 1983-1995 0 WST-8 0 2 25-31 10 1996-2038 0 WST-8 # Eastern Siberia (Yakutsk) Time, Eastern Siberia (Yakutsk) Daylight # Savings Time WST-9WSTDST 0 3 25-31 3 1983-2038 0 WSTDST-10 0 2 24-30 9 1983-1995 0 WST-9 0 2 25-31 10 1996-2038 0 WST-9 # Far East (Khabarovsk) Time, Far East (Khabarovsk) Daylight Savings # Time WST-10WSTDST 0 3 25-31 3 1983-2038 0 WSTDST-11 0 2 24-30 9 1983-1995 0 WST-10 0 2 25-31 10 1996-2038 0 WST-10 # Russia Pacific (magadan) Time, Russia Pacific (magadan) Daylight # Savings Time WST-11WSTDST 0 3 25-31 3 1983-2038 0 WSTDST-12 0 2 24-30 9 1983-1995 0 WST-11 0 2 25-31 10 1996-2038 0 WST-11 # Kamchatka (Petropavlovsk-Kamchatskiy) Time, Kamchatka(Petropavlovsk # -Kamchatskiy) Daylight Savings Time WST-12WSTDST 0 3 25-31 3 1983-2038 0 WSTDST-13 0 2 24-30 9 1983-1995 0 WST-12 0 2 25-31 10 1996-2038 0 WST-12 __________________________________________________________________________ Solaris 5.8 2 ./Australia/Broken_Hill 2 ./Australia/LHI 2 ./Australia/NSW 2 ./Australia/North 2 ./Australia/Queensland 2 ./Australia/South 2 ./Australia/Tasmania 2 ./Australia/Victoria 2 ./Australia/West 20 ./Australia 2 ./Brazil/Acre 2 ./Brazil/DeNoronha 2 ./Brazil/East 2 ./Brazil/West 10 ./Brazil 4 ./Canada/Atlantic 2 ./Canada/Central 2 ./Canada/East-Saskatchewan 4 ./Canada/Eastern 2 ./Canada/Mountain 4 ./Canada/Newfoundland 2 ./Canada/Pacific 2 ./Canada/Yukon 24 ./Canada 2 ./Chile/Continental 2 ./Chile/EasterIsland 6 ./Chile 2 ./Etc/GMT 2 ./Etc/GMT+1 2 ./Etc/GMT+10 2 ./Etc/GMT+11 2 ./Etc/GMT+12 2 ./Etc/GMT+2 2 ./Etc/GMT+3 2 ./Etc/GMT+4 2 ./Etc/GMT+5 2 ./Etc/GMT+6 2 ./Etc/GMT+7 2 ./Etc/GMT+8 2 ./Etc/GMT+9 2 ./Etc/GMT-1 2 ./Etc/GMT-10 2 ./Etc/GMT-11 2 ./Etc/GMT-12 2 ./Etc/GMT-13 2 ./Etc/GMT-2 2 ./Etc/GMT-3 2 ./Etc/GMT-4 2 ./Etc/GMT-5 2 ./Etc/GMT-6 2 ./Etc/GMT-7 2 ./Etc/GMT-8 2 ./Etc/GMT-9 54 ./Etc 2 ./Mexico/BajaNorte 2 ./Mexico/BajaSur 2 ./Mexico/General 8 ./Mexico 8 ./Mideast/Riyadh87 8 ./Mideast/Riyadh88 8 ./Mideast/Riyadh89 26 ./Mideast 2 ./US/Alaska 2 ./US/Aleutian 2 ./US/Michigan 2 ./US/Samoa 2 ./US/Arizona 4 ./US/Central 2 ./US/East-Indiana 4 ./US/Eastern 2 ./US/Hawaii 2 ./US/Mountain 2 ./US/Pacific 28 ./US 6 ./src/README 40 ./src/africa 18 ./src/antarctica 86 ./src/asia 70 ./src/australasia 8 ./src/backward 6 ./src/etcetera 224 ./src/europe 2 ./src/factory 102 ./src/northamerica 4 ./src/pacificnew 38 ./src/solar87 38 ./src/solar88 40 ./src/solar89 54 ./src/southamerica 4 ./src/systemv 742 ./src 2 ./CET 2 ./Cuba 2 ./EET 2 ./Egypt 4 ./Eire 2 ./Factory 4 ./GB 2 ./Hongkong 2 ./Iceland 2 ./Iran 2 ./Israel 2 ./Jamaica 2 ./Japan 2 ./Kwajalein 2 ./Libya 2 ./MET 2 ./NZ 2 ./NZ-CHAT 2 ./PRC 2 ./Poland 4 ./Portugal 2 ./ROC 2 ./ROK 2 ./Singapore 2 ./Turkey 2 ./UCT 2 ./UTC 2 ./W-SU 2 ./WET 2 ./posixrules ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- TRU64 # Time Zone Selection List # # This is the list of time zones which are available for selection. # This file is used by time zone selection utilities such as those # called during installation. With a few exceptions, time zone names # generally follow the naming convention of AREA/LOCATION. Time zones # organized according to the older and less stable COUNTRY/ZONE format # still exist under /etc/zoneinfo/ for compatibility. However, these # are obsolete & are each linked to one of the preferred time zone # files listed here. # Africa/Abidjan Africa/Accra Africa/Addis_Ababa Africa/Algiers Africa/Asmera Africa/Bamako Africa/Bangui Africa/Banjul Africa/Bissau Africa/Blantyre Africa/Brazzaville Africa/Bujumbura Africa/Cairo Africa/Casablanca Africa/Ceuta Africa/Conakry Africa/Dakar Africa/Dar_es_Salaam Africa/Djibouti Africa/Douala Africa/El_Aaiun Africa/Freetown Africa/Gaborone Africa/Harare Africa/Johannesburg Africa/Kampala Africa/Khartoum Africa/Kigali Africa/Kinshasa Africa/Lagos Africa/Libreville Africa/Lome Africa/Luanda Africa/Lubumbashi Africa/Lusaka Africa/Malabo Africa/Maputo Africa/Maseru Africa/Mbabane Africa/Mogadishu Africa/Monrovia Africa/Nairobi Africa/Ndjamena Africa/Niamey Africa/Nouakchott Africa/Ouagadougou Africa/Porto-Novo Africa/Sao_Tome Africa/Timbuktu Africa/Tripoli Africa/Tunis Africa/Windhoek America/Adak America/Anchorage America/Anguilla America/Antigua America/Araguaina America/Aruba America/Asuncion America/Barbados America/Belem America/Belize America/Bogota America/Boise America/Buenos_Aires America/Cancun America/Caracas America/Catamarca America/Cayenne America/Cayman America/Chicago America/Chihuahua America/Cordoba America/Costa_Rica America/Cuiaba America/Curacao America/Dawson America/Dawson_Creek America/Denver America/Detroit America/Dominica America/Edmonton America/El_Salvador America/Ensenada America/Fortaleza America/Glace_Bay America/Godthab America/Goose_Bay America/Grand_Turk America/Grenada America/Guadeloupe America/Guatemala America/Guayaquil America/Guyana America/Halifax America/Havana America/Indiana/Indianapolis America/Indiana/Knox America/Indiana/Marengo America/Indiana/Vevay America/Indianapolis America/Inuvik America/Iqaluit America/Jamaica America/Jujuy America/Juneau America/La_Paz America/Lima America/Los_Angeles America/Louisville America/Maceio America/Managua America/Manaus America/Martinique America/Mazatlan America/Mendoza America/Menominee America/Mexico_City America/Miquelon America/Montevideo America/Montreal America/Montserrat America/Nassau America/New_York America/Nipigon America/Nome America/Noronha America/Panama America/Pangnirtung America/Paramaribo America/Phoenix America/Port-au-Prince America/Port_of_Spain America/Porto_Acre America/Porto_Velho America/Puerto_Rico America/Rainy_River America/Rankin_Inlet America/Regina America/Rosario America/Santiago America/Santo_Domingo America/Sao_Paulo America/Scoresbysund America/Shiprock America/St_Johns America/St_Kitts America/St_Lucia America/St_Thomas America/St_Vincent America/Swift_Current America/Tegucigalpa America/Thule America/Thunder_Bay America/Tijuana America/Tortola America/Vancouver America/Whitehorse America/Winnipeg America/Yakutat America/Yellowknife Antarctica/Casey Antarctica/Davis Antarctica/DumontDUrville Antarctica/Mawson Antarctica/McMurdo Antarctica/Palmer Antarctica/South_Pole Antarctica/Syowa Arctic/Longyearbyen Asia/Aden Asia/Almaty Asia/Amman Asia/Anadyr Asia/Aqtau Asia/Aqtobe Asia/Ashkhabad Asia/Baghdad Asia/Bahrain Asia/Baku Asia/Bangkok Asia/Beirut Asia/Beijing Asia/Bishkek Asia/Brunei Asia/Calcutta Asia/Chungking Asia/Colombo Asia/Dacca Asia/Damascus Asia/Dubai Asia/Dushanbe Asia/Gaza Asia/Harbin Asia/Hong_Kong Asia/Irkutsk Asia/Istanbul Asia/Jakarta Asia/Jayapura Asia/Jerusalem Asia/Kabul Asia/Kamchatka Asia/Karachi Asia/Kashgar Asia/Katmandu Asia/Krasnoyarsk Asia/Kuala_Lumpur Asia/Kuching Asia/Kuwait Asia/Macao Asia/Magadan Asia/Manila Asia/Muscat Asia/Nicosia Asia/Novosibirsk Asia/Omsk Asia/Phnom_Penh Asia/Pyongyang Asia/Qatar Asia/Rangoon Asia/Riyadh Asia/Saigon Asia/Samarkand Asia/Seoul Asia/Shanghai Asia/Singapore Asia/Taipei Asia/Tashkent Asia/Tbilisi Asia/Tehran Asia/Thimbu Asia/Tokyo Asia/Ujung_Pandang Asia/Ulan_Bator Asia/Urumqi Asia/Vientiane Asia/Vladivostok Asia/Yakutsk Asia/Yekaterinburg Asia/Yerevan Atlantic/Azores Atlantic/Bermuda Atlantic/Canary Atlantic/Cape_Verde Atlantic/Faeroe Atlantic/Jan_Mayen Atlantic/Madeira Atlantic/Reykjavik Atlantic/South_Georgia Atlantic/St_Helena Atlantic/Stanley Australia/Adelaide Australia/Brisbane Australia/Broken_Hill Australia/Darwin Australia/Hobart Australia/Lindeman Australia/Lord_Howe Australia/Melbourne Australia/Perth Australia/Sydney CET CST6CDT EET EST EST5EDT Etc/GMT Etc/GMT+0 Etc/GMT+1 Etc/GMT+10 Etc/GMT+11 Etc/GMT+12 Etc/GMT+13 Etc/GMT+2 Etc/GMT+3 Etc/GMT+4 Etc/GMT+5 Etc/GMT+6 Etc/GMT+7 Etc/GMT+8 Etc/GMT+9 Etc/GMT-0 Etc/GMT-1 Etc/GMT-10 Etc/GMT-11 Etc/GMT-12 Etc/GMT-13 Etc/GMT-14 Etc/GMT-2 Etc/GMT-3 Etc/GMT-4 Etc/GMT-5 Etc/GMT-6 Etc/GMT-7 Etc/GMT-8 Etc/GMT-9 Etc/GMT0 Etc/Greenwich Etc/UCT Etc/UTC Etc/Universal Etc/Zulu Europe/Amsterdam Europe/Andorra Europe/Athens Europe/Belfast Europe/Belgrade Europe/Berlin Europe/Bratislava Europe/Brussels Europe/Bucharest Europe/Budapest Europe/Chisinau Europe/Copenhagen Europe/Dublin Europe/Gibraltar Europe/Helsinki Europe/Istanbul Europe/Kaliningrad Europe/Kiev Europe/Lisbon Europe/Ljubljana Europe/London Europe/Luxembourg Europe/Madrid Europe/Malta Europe/Minsk Europe/Monaco Europe/Moscow Europe/Oslo Europe/Paris Europe/Prague Europe/Riga Europe/Rome Europe/Samara Europe/San_Marino Europe/Sarajevo Europe/Simferopol Europe/Skopje Europe/Sofia Europe/Stockholm Europe/Tallinn Europe/Tirane Europe/Vaduz Europe/Vatican Europe/Vienna Europe/Vilnius Europe/Warsaw Europe/Zagreb Europe/Zurich Factory HST Indian/Antananarivo Indian/Chagos Indian/Christmas Indian/Cocos Indian/Comoro Indian/Kerguelen Indian/Mahe Indian/Maldives Indian/Mauritius Indian/Mayotte Indian/Reunion MET MST MST7MDT PST8PDT Pacific/Apia Pacific/Auckland Pacific/Chatham Pacific/Easter Pacific/Efate Pacific/Enderbury Pacific/Fakaofo Pacific/Fiji Pacific/Funafuti Pacific/Galapagos Pacific/Gambier Pacific/Guadalcanal Pacific/Guam Pacific/Honolulu Pacific/Johnston Pacific/Kiritimati Pacific/Kosrae Pacific/Kwajalein Pacific/Majuro Pacific/Marquesas Pacific/Midway Pacific/Nauru Pacific/Niue Pacific/Norfolk Pacific/Noumea Pacific/Pago_Pago Pacific/Palau Pacific/Pitcairn Pacific/Ponape Pacific/Port_Moresby Pacific/Rarotonga Pacific/Saipan Pacific/Tahiti Pacific/Tarawa Pacific/Tongatapu Pacific/Truk Pacific/Wake Pacific/Wallis Pacific/Yap SystemV/AST4 SystemV/AST4ADT SystemV/CST6 SystemV/CST6CDT SystemV/EST5 SystemV/EST5EDT SystemV/HST10 SystemV/MST7 SystemV/MST7MDT SystemV/PST8 SystemV/PST8PDT SystemV/YST9 SystemV/YST9YDT WET -- François REYGAGNE. Software Architect. opt[e]way S.A., 2881 route des Crêtes, BP308 06906 Sophia Antipolis Cedex, FRANCE tél: +33 (0)4 92 95 27 01 http://www.opteway.com

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Info on timechanges in Sweden
by Ivan Nilsson April 13, 2001

April 13, 2001

I'd like to make a contribution to the timechanges in Sweden found in your timezone file. Sweden has never had the Mean Time of Stockholm as national Standard Time, and never switched to/from summertime at 1:00 from 1980 onwards. The correct entries are: GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 1:12:12 LMT 1879 (1878 May 31 is incorrect) 1:00:14 SEST 1900 (change at 01:00 is incorrect) # Sweden Standard Time 1:00:00 CET 1916 May 14 23:00 (April 14 is incorrect) 1:00:00 1:00 CEST 1916 I'm not sure about this, see explanation below. All of the above is stated in lawtexts (unfortunately I have only found them in Swedish). The law "Svensk författningssamling 1878, no 14" about standard time in 1879: >From the beginning of 1879 (that is January 1 0:00) the time for all places in the country is "the mean solar time for the meridian at three degrees, or twelve minutes of time, to the west of the meridian of the Observatory of Stockholm". The law is dated 31 May 1878. The observatory at that time had the meridian 18 degrees 03' 30" eastern longitude = 1 hour 12 minutes 14 seconds in time. Less 12 minutes give the national standard time as 1 hour 00 minutes 14 seconds ahead of GMT. (The observatory is in the centre of Stockholm.) I suggest SEST rather than SST or ST because other time standards already use them (SE = the internation code for Sweden). About the beginning of CET in Sweden. The lawtext ("Svensk författningssamling 1899, no 44") states, that "from the beginning of 1900... ... the same as the mean solar time for the meridian at the distance of one hour of time from the meridian of the English observatory at Greenwich, or at 12 minutes 14 seconds to the west from the meridan of the Observatory of Stockholm". The law is dated 16 June 1899. In short: At 0:00:00 January 1 1900 the new standard time i Sweden is 1:00:00 ahead of GMT. I have photo copies of these laws. If you like I can scan them and mail them to you. Now the summertimes. 1916: The lawtext ("Svensk författningssamling 1916, no 124") states, that "May 15 1916 is considered to begin one hour earlier". It is pretty obviuos that at 23:00 May 14 the clocks are set to 0:00 May 15 (thus the timezone file is correct). Further the law says, that "September 30 1916 is considered to end one our later". This is a most ambigous statement. One way to interprete this: At 0:00 October 1 the clocks are set back to 23:00 Sept 30. But in practice it appears that the changes somehow involved 1:00 on October 1. A news report I recently found is not clear on what exactly happened except that 1:00 October 1 is involved. The text report about trains standing still for one hour in the night and is written in a way that invistes two interpretations: 1. At 0:00 October 1 the trains stop and stand still for one hour, and then the clock is set to 0:00 summertime October 1 and the trains continue the journey. 2. At 1:00 October 1 the trains stop, the clock is set back to 0:00, and when it again is 1:00 summertime the trains move again. I am sorry I have not been able to get this matter crystal clear. I live close to a university so I hope I will able able to find sometime more useful there. The rules given in the timezone file for the summertimes from 1980 onwards have the correct dates, but I am afraid the times are incorrect. The laws regulating summertime explicitly states that, when summertime begins, the clocks are set forward from 2:00 to 3:00 in the night. When summertime ends, the clocks are set back from 3:00 to 2:00 in the night. So, the time 1:00:00 is in no way involved in the summertime changes in Sweden nowadays. The laws regulating this are available on the site of the Swedish Parliament beginning with 1985 - the laws regulating 1980 - 1984 is not available on the site (to my knowledge they are only available in Swedish): http://www.riksdagen.se/english/work/sfst.asp (type "sommartid" without the quotes in the field "Fritext" and then click the Sök-button). I really appreciate your excellent work compiling all that time information from all around the world. /Ivan Nilsson

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Time Lord
by Olson, Arthur David (NCI) April 12, 2001

April 12, 2001

April 10, 2001 was the United States release date for "Time Lord: Sir Sandford Fleming and the Creation of Standard Time" by Clark Blaise. It was reviewed in Discover magazine, so expect ready availability (there were two copies in the Friendship Heights DC Borders when I visited). Presumably Fleming's fellow Canadian William Shatner will take the lead role in the big-screen version. --ado

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How to Upgrade tzdata and tzcode into a unix server
by francois reygagne April 11, 2001

April 11, 2001

I would like to upgrade the tzdata and tzcode automatically into my server for each upgrade of the olson tz data to prevent from bad local_time calculation. I would like to make my server know that a new release of tzdata/tzcode is available and make it load the new tzdata release and override the previous. Please, let me know how to do that ? -- François REYGAGNE. Software Architect. opt[e]way S.A., 2881 route des Crêtes, BP308 06906 Sophia Antipolis Cedex, FRANCE tél: +33 (0)4 92 95 27 01 http://www.opteway.com

2 1

Convert local time to gmt time without using TZ Env variable
by francois reygagne April 11, 2001

April 11, 2001

The ftcs unix mktime use the function tzset to initialize time conversion information by setting an environment variable. That is not thread-safe. As I want to work in multi_threaded design with different time-zone, one per each thread, I can't use the unix standard fonctions like mktime. I need a thread-safe function that converts a local-time attached to its timezone into a GMT time as follow: void localtime_to_gmt(const char * timezone, const struct tm localtime, time_t * gmt_time); The right way to do that is to change TZ, but that is not thread-safe Is it feasible to recode (public-domain) Olson timezone sources to use an explicit state parameter rather than relying on global variables ? Is there a free software portable to Linux RedHat, OSF Tru64, HP_UX and Sun Solaris 5.8 using olson tzdata which can do that ? Is there someone who knows the design or have a design document relative to olson software to help me. François REYGAGNE. Software Architect. opt[e]way S.A., 2881 route des Crêtes, BP308 06906 Sophia Antipolis Cedex, FRANCE tél: +33 (0)4 92 95 27 01 http://www.opteway.com -- François REYGAGNE. Software Architect. opt[e]way S.A., 2881 route des Crêtes, BP308 06906 Sophia Antipolis Cedex, FRANCE tél: +33 (0)4 92 95 27 01 http://www.opteway.com

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RE: Reuters on Mexican DST
by Jesper Nørgaard April 11, 2001

April 11, 2001

Note that there is another link about the decision to nullify Andrés Miguel López Obrador decree to abandon DST in Distrito Federal: http://dailynews.yahoo.com/h/ap/20010407/wl/clock_confusion_1.html Regards, Jesper Nørgaard Welen Email: jnorgard(a)Prodigy.Net.mx Programador/Analista CIMMYT - Centro Internacional de Mejoramiento de Maíz y Trigo Dirección: CIMMYT Int. c/o Jesper Nørgaard Km. 45, Carretera México-Veracruz El Batán Texcoco, Edo. de México CP 56130 MEXICO Tel.: +52 (5) 58-04-20-04 ext. 1374 Fax: +52 (5) 58-04-75-58 Tel. Casa: 53-10-05-95 ó 53-10-97-78 CIMMYT home page: http://cimmyt.cgiar.org Check out my free program World Time Explorer: http://timezone50.homepage.com ---------- From: Olson, Arthur David (NCI)[SMTP:olsona@dc37a.nci.nih.gov] Sent: Martes 10 de Abril de 2001 12:00 To: tz (E-mail) Cc: 'mikebw(a)colossus.bilow.com' Subject: Reuters on Mexican DST Mike Bilow (mikebw(a)colossus.bilow.com) sent along word of a Reuters item on Mexican DST; see http://dailynews.yahoo.com/h/nm/20010410/od/mexico_timechange_dc_1.html for details (and note the copyright notice at the end, which is why I don't simply include it here). --ado

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Reuters on Mexican DST
by Olson, Arthur David (NCI) April 10, 2001

April 10, 2001

Mike Bilow (mikebw(a)colossus.bilow.com) sent along word of a Reuters item on Mexican DST; see http://dailynews.yahoo.com/h/nm/20010410/od/mexico_timechange_dc_1.html for details (and note the copyright notice at the end, which is why I don't simply include it here). --ado

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Mexico's Tempest in a Time Change
by Mike Bilow April 10, 2001

April 10, 2001

Yahoo! News Home - Yahoo! - My Yahoo! - News Alerts - Help _________________________________________________________________ Reuters New Media Yahoo! Online Account Access NextCard Internet Visa - Apply Now Home | Top Stories | Business | Tech | Politics | World | Local | Ente rtainment | Sports | Science | Health Oddly Enough Headlines Reuters Tuesday April 10 10:21 AM ET Mexico's Tempest in a Time Change MEXICO CITY (Reuters) - If leftist Mexico City Mayor Andres Manuel Lopez Obrador gets his way, the capital could operate in a different time zone from the rest of the country, out of line even with its own suburbs. With the federal government and mayor's office reportedly locking horns this week in legal maneuvers, many Mexicans fear that if Lopez Obrador prevails there would be chaos for airlines, television broadcasts, school schedules and lunch appointments. Lopez Obrador, who took office late last year, in February decreed clocks would stay put in the capital on May 5 when the rest of the country is scheduled to adopt daylight savings time, moving clocks ahead one hour. The capital of some 9 million people, is part of a greater urban area of some 19 million. So the core of the metropolis would be one hour behind all of its suburbs. Lopez Obrador's government has filed a constitutional challenge to daylight savings in general, before the nation's Supreme Court, arguing that the president does not have power under Mexico's constitution to impose the time change. According to local press reports, this week the government of conservative President Vicente Fox counter-sued, asking the nation's top court to knock down Lopez Obrador's February decree. Mexico adopted the time change in 1996, to put the country in tune with its northern neighbor and biggest trading partner, the United States. But daylight savings has never been popular here. Many argue that it is dangerous for children to walk to school in the dark. And last year in congressional debates, at least one legislator argued that darkness inhibited morning sex. The Supreme Court has promised to issue a resolution on the suit and the counter-suit by May 1, just days before Fox has decreed that the country will move clocks ahead. Email this story - View most popular | Formatted version _________________________________________________________________ _________________________ Search Advanced Search: (_) Stories (_) Photos (_) Full Coverage Home | Top Stories | Business | Tech | Politics | World | Local | Ente rtainment | Sports | Science | Health _________________________________________________________________ Questions or Comments Copyright © 2001 Reuters Limited. All rights reserved. Republication or redistribution of Reuters content is expressly prohibited without the prior written consent of Reuters. Reuters shall not be liable for any errors or delays in the content, or for any actions taken in reliance thereon.

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RE: New date and time draft
by Jesper Nørgaard April 10, 2001

April 10, 2001

This work appeals to me a great deal, so this is not really a constructive criticism. I applaud the completely irrefutable arguments to why four-digit dates are a must in internet communication. I just have one question: Does 03-Apr-01 mean third of April 2001 or does it mean first of April 2003 (that would really be an April's Fool with a vengeance). In a few years I might wonder even more ... May you all have a nice day ... Jesper Nørgaard Welen Email: jnorgard(a)Prodigy.Net.mx Programador/Analista CIMMYT - Centro Internacional de Mejoramiento de Maíz y Trigo Dirección: CIMMYT Int. c/o Jesper Nørgaard Km. 45, Carretera México-Veracruz El Batán Texcoco, Edo. de México CP 56130 MEXICO Tel.: +52 (5) 58-04-20-04 ext. 1374 Fax: +52 (5) 58-04-75-58 Tel. Casa: 53-10-05-95 ó 53-10-97-78 CIMMYT home page: http://cimmyt.cgiar.org Check out my free program World Time Explorer: http://timezone50.homepage.com ---------- From: Olson, Arthur David (NCI)[SMTP:olsona@dc37a.nci.nih.gov] Sent: Lunes 9 de Abril de 2001 7:13 To: tz (E-mail) Subject: FW: New date and time draft Graham Klyne is not on the time zone mailing list; direct replies appropriately. --ado -----Original Message----- From: Graham Klyne [mailto:GK@NineByNine.org] Sent: Friday, April 06, 2001 5:11 AM To: discuss(a)apps.ietf.org; tz(a)elsie.nci.nih.gov Subject: New date and time draft FYI, I've submitted a revision of the date and time draft Chris Newman wrote some time ago. One of the goals for the current revision is to create a separate specification that answers a clear and present requirement from other parts concerning which there is less clear consensus. Specifically, this draft aims to move forward the timestamp elements of Chris' original work, while allowing the trickier "schedule events" elements to be picked up and developed by a group with more specific relevant expertise and goals, if required. #g -- A New Internet-Draft is available from the on-line Internet-Drafts directories. This draft is a work item of the Instant Messaging and Presence Protocol Working Group of the IETF. Title : Date and Time on the Internet: Timestamps Author(s) : C. Newman, G. Klyne Filename : draft-ietf-impp-datetime-00.txt Pages : 16 Date : 03-Apr-01 This document defines a date and time format for use in Internet protocols that is a profile of the ISO 8601 [ISO8601] standard for representation of dates and times using the Gregorian calendar. A URL for this Internet-Draft is: http://www.ietf.org/internet-drafts/draft-ietf-impp-datetime-00.txt ------------ Graham Klyne (GK(a)ACM.ORG)

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FW: New date and time draft
by Olson, Arthur David (NCI) April 10, 2001

April 10, 2001

Graham Klyne is not on the time zone mailing list; direct replies appropriately. --ado -----Original Message----- From: Graham Klyne [mailto:GK@NineByNine.org] Sent: Friday, April 06, 2001 5:11 AM To: discuss(a)apps.ietf.org; tz(a)elsie.nci.nih.gov Subject: New date and time draft FYI, I've submitted a revision of the date and time draft Chris Newman wrote some time ago. One of the goals for the current revision is to create a separate specification that answers a clear and present requirement from other parts concerning which there is less clear consensus. Specifically, this draft aims to move forward the timestamp elements of Chris' original work, while allowing the trickier "schedule events" elements to be picked up and developed by a group with more specific relevant expertise and goals, if required. #g -- A New Internet-Draft is available from the on-line Internet-Drafts directories. This draft is a work item of the Instant Messaging and Presence Protocol Working Group of the IETF. Title : Date and Time on the Internet: Timestamps Author(s) : C. Newman, G. Klyne Filename : draft-ietf-impp-datetime-00.txt Pages : 16 Date : 03-Apr-01 This document defines a date and time format for use in Internet protocols that is a profile of the ISO 8601 [ISO8601] standard for representation of dates and times using the Gregorian calendar. A URL for this Internet-Draft is: http://www.ietf.org/internet-drafts/draft-ietf-impp-datetime-00.txt ------------ Graham Klyne (GK(a)ACM.ORG)

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Re: New date and time draft
by Chris Newman April 9, 2001

April 9, 2001

Given that my office already purchased ISO 8601:1988 a few years ago, I certainly couldn't justify the cost of purchasing a revision in current tight economic times. If there's a public list of errata (or a free revision available to people who purchased the previous version), I'd be glad to vet the spec against that. Or perhaps if Graham feels like purchasing a copy and vetting the ABNF he could. Otherwise I believe we should keep the reference to the older version since that's what this spec is based on. - Chris --On Monday, April 9, 2001 18:22 +0100 Markus Kuhn <Markus.Kuhn(a)cl.cam.ac.uk> wrote: > But this document still references the old first edition! The one that > counted accidentally minutes from 01 to 60 and similar nonsense, along > with lots of ambiguities: > > [ISO8601] "Data elements and interchange formats -- Information > interchange -- Representation of dates and times", ISO > 8601:1988(E), International Organization for > Standardization, June, 1988. > > The new second edition with lots of bug fixes, ISO 8601:2000, has been > available since December and can be ordered online from > > http://www.iso.ch/cate/d26780.html

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Interested in knowing about the mailing list.
by Gautam, Alok April 9, 2001

April 9, 2001

Dear Administrator, Got this id from the net. I am interested to get the mailing list of the folks who maintain the Timezone Database and the various access routines. Do favour me. Best regards, Alöok Gautam **************************************************************************** The content of this e-mail is intended only for the confidential use of the person addressed. If you have received this message in error, please notify us immediately by electronic mail at the above address (or if known by telephone or by fax). E-mail communications are not secure and therefore we do not accept any responsibility for the confidentiality or altered contents of this message. Please be aware that our company cannot accept any orders or other legally binding correspondence with a participant as part of an e-mail. The views expressed above are not necessarily those held by our company and not binding for our company. ****************************************************************************

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Mexico City decree suspended
by Jesper Nørgaard April 8, 2001

April 8, 2001

There has been some new decisions and news about the summer time in Mexico, I send you some links and some resuming quotations. The interspersed english sentences are translations of the previous sentence in spanish: Da Corte revés a AMLO en horario (The Court gives a reverse to AMLO about the daylight saving rule) http://www.reforma.com/ciudad_de_mexico/articulo/085728/ Opinan magistrados que si no se otorgaba la suspensión se afectaría o alteraría la vida de los habitantes del Distrito Federal, poniendo en peligro la seguridad y economía de la sociedad. (Magistrates say that if the suspension (of the AMLO decree) was not issued, it would affect or alterate the lifes of the inhabitants of the Federal District, putting in danger the security and economy of the society) (Jesper's note: I had a good laugh about the above "opinion of the magistrates", but I guess that is just me ... :) How any daylight saving rule could affect security and economy, I guess you have to be a magistrate to grasp :) Ve AMLO 'cortina de humo' en Horario (AMLO sees a 'curtain of smoke' in the daylight saving rule) http://www.reforma.com/ciudad_de_mexico/articulo/085774/ El Jefe de Gobierno dijo que se trata sólo de una suspensión temporal del decreto y que se deberá esperar a la resolución final (The Chief of Government said that it is only a temporary suspension of the decree and that we must wait for the final judgement of the case) Avala PAN determinación de SCJN (political party PAN endorses the determination of the Court) http://www.reforma.com/ciudad_de_mexico/articulo/085775/ José Luis Luege, presidente del PAN en el DF aprobó la determinación de la Corte de Justicia del DF que suspendió el decreto de que el DF no se integre al Horario de Verano. (José Luis Luege, president of the PAN in Federal District, approved the determination of the Supreme Court of DF that suspends the decree which says that DF will not participate in the daylight saving). Pide PRI terminar confrontación AMLO-Fox (PRI party asks for the termination of the confrontation AMLO-Fox) http://www.reforma.com/ciudad_de_mexico/articulo/085777/ Jorge Schiaffino dirigente priísta en la Ciudad de México llamó al Jefe de Gobierno a dejar la confrontación con el Presidente Fox. (Jorge Schiaffino the leader of PRI in Mexico City, urged the Chief of Government to leave the confrontation with President Fox) We are still awaiting the final decision of the Supreme Court, which should probably be emitted within 15 days according to one of the articles. Regards, Jesper Nørgaard Welen Email: jnorgard(a)Prodigy.Net.mx Programador/Analista CIMMYT - Centro Internacional de Mejoramiento de Maíz y Trigo Dirección: CIMMYT Int. c/o Jesper Nørgaard Km. 45, Carretera México-Veracruz El Batán Texcoco, Edo. de México CP 56130 MEXICO Tel.: +52 (5) 58-04-20-04 ext. 1374 Fax: +52 (5) 58-04-75-58 Tel. Casa: 53-10-05-95 ó 53-10-97-78 CIMMYT home page: http://cimmyt.cgiar.org Check out my free program World Time Explorer: http://timezone50.homepage.com

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Re: Updated Australian time zone names/strings
by Russ Allbery April 7, 2001

April 7, 2001

Greg Black <gjb(a)gbch.net> writes: > The broken software consists of real mail clients out there that people > are still using. Some of that software outputs email with dates in this > form: > Date: Thu, 21 Dec 2000 09:34:42 EST When used in e-mail, that Date header is not in the slightest bit ambiguous. RFC 822 requires as a matter of protocol that that time zone be interpreted as -0500. Section 5.1: zone = "UT" / "GMT" ; Universal Time ; North American : UT / "EST" / "EDT" ; Eastern: - 5/ - 4 / "CST" / "CDT" ; Central: - 6/ - 5 / "MST" / "MDT" ; Mountain: - 7/ - 6 / "PST" / "PDT" ; Pacific: - 8/ - 7 / 1ALPHA ; Military: Z = UT; ; A:-1; (J not used) ; M:-12; N:+1; Y:+12 / ( ("+" / "-") 4DIGIT ) ; Local differential ; hours+min. (HHMM) Section 5.2: The other remaining two forms are taken from ANSI standard X3.51-1975. One allows explicit indication of the amount of offset from UT; the other uses common 3-character strings for indicating time zones in North America. RFC 822 further requires as a matter of protocol that only those 9 three-character abbreviations, the two-character abbreviation UT, and the single-character abbreviations A-Z (excluding J) be used as time zone abbreviations, and that all other time zones use an explicit time differential. Any software in Australian time zones that is generating e-mail Date headers with non-numeric time zones is broken and generating Date headers with no valid interpretation under a mail standard that is 19 (!) years old. I think it's about time that those mail clients get fixed, hmm? Furthermore, RFC 1123 states: There is a strong trend towards the use of numeric timezone indicators, and implementations SHOULD use numeric timezones instead of timezone names. However, all implementations MUST accept either notation. If timezone names are used, they MUST be exactly as defined in RFC-822. The military time zones are specified incorrectly in RFC-822: they count the wrong way from UT (the signs are reversed). As a result, military time zones in RFC-822 headers carry no information. so any software that is generating non-numeric time zones is violating a SHOULD in a mail standard that is now eleven and a half years old. > I can't force people who write to me (who are often people I don't know) > to replace their mail software just because I don't like the dates it > generates. However, if the TZ data gave the Australian users > unambiguous abbreviations for those zones, it would make life easier at > little or no cost to anyone. Except that per RFC 822, the "AEST" bit in a Date header like: Date: Thu, 21 Dec 2000 09:34:42 AEST has no actual meaning and can't be relied on to be anything at all. Given stuff like IST, if I were writing an e-mail client, I would interpret anything with a non-822 time zone as being in UTC and warn the user. Anything else just isn't worth it. Putting explicit tables into software to deal with e-mail clients written by people who haven't read *eleven-year-old* standards would just bug me far too much. -- Russ Allbery (rra(a)stanford.edu) <http://www.eyrie.org/~eagle/>

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Re: Updated Australian time zone names/strings
by Paul Eggert April 7, 2001

April 7, 2001

> Date: Thu, 5 Apr 2001 23:59:40 +1000 (EST) > From: David J N Begley <d.begley(a)uws.edu.au> > > since my last question everything has gone quiet: There has been some activity recently. Let me try to summarize my understanding of the discussion. I'm not Australian, so everything I write should be taken as comments by an interested outsider who does not entirely understand the situation there. I see the following points of dispute: * How important are unique time zone abbreviations? Here I tend to agree with the point (most recently made by Chris Newman) that unique abbreviations should not be essential for proper operation of software. We have other instances of ambiguity (e.g. "IST" denoting both "Israel Standard Time" and "Indian Standard Time"), and they are not likely to go away any time soon. In the old days, some software mistakenly relied on unique abbreviations, but this is becoming less true with time, and I don't think it's that important to cater to such software these days. On the other hand, there is another motivation for unambiguous abbreviations: it cuts down on human confusion. This is particularly true for Australia, where "EST" can mean one thing for time T and a different thing for time T plus 1 second. * Does the relevant legislation indicate which abbreviations should be used? Here I tend to think that things are a mess, just as they are in many other countries. We Americans are currently disagreeing about which abbreviation to use for the newly legislated Chamorro Standard Time, for example. Personally, I would prefer to use common practice; I would like to refer to legislation only for examples of common practice, or as a tiebreaker. * Do Australians more often use "Eastern Daylight Time" or "Eastern Summer Time"? Do they typically prefix the time zone names with the word "Australian"? My own impression is that both "Daylight Time" and "Summer Time" are common and are widely understood, but that "Summer Time" is more popular; and that the leading "A" is also common but is omitted more often than not. I just used AltaVista advanced search and got the following count of page hits: 1,103 "Eastern Summer Time" AND domain:au 971 "Australian Eastern Summer Time" AND domain:au 613 "Eastern Daylight Time" AND domain:au 127 "Australian Eastern Daylight Time" AND domain:au Here "Summer" seems quite a bit more popular than "Daylight", particularly when we know the time zone is Australian and not US, say. The "Australian" prefix seems to be popular for Eastern Summer Time, but unpopular for Eastern Daylight Time. For abbreviations, tools like AltaVista are less useful because of ambiguity. Many hits are not really time zones, unfortunately, and many hits denote US time zones and not Australian ones. But here are the hit counts anyway: 161,304 "EST" and domain:au 25,156 "EDT" and domain:au 18,263 "AEST" and domain:au 10,416 "AEDT" and domain:au 14,538 "CST" and domain:au 5,728 "CDT" and domain:au 176 "ACST" and domain:au 29 "ACDT" and domain:au 7,539 "WST" and domain:au 68 "AWST" and domain:au This data suggest that Australians tend to omit the "A" prefix in practice. The situation for "ST" versus "DT" is less clear, given the ambiguities involved. * How do Australians feel about the abbreviations in the tz database? If you just count Australians on this list, I count 2 in favor and 3 against. One of the "against" votes (David Keegel) counseled delay, saying that both AEST/AEDT and EST/EST are widely used and understood in Australia. > So, what happens now? The final decision is Arthur David Olson's, since he's maintaining the database. My own mild preference for now (given what's been said so far) would be to leave it alone.

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RE: proposed tz patches for Mexico, Nunavut, Vostok, etc.
by Jesper Nørgaard April 7, 2001

April 7, 2001

* For what it's worth, I think that the AEST/AEDT suggestion for Australia is the most logical one to adopt. At present EST might mean Eastern Standard Time (in the US or Mexico), and Eastern Standard Time in Australia, and Eastern Summer Time in Australia, which makes it convenient to try to adopt a different and less redundant naming. Although as Paul Eggert points out there is not a consistent use of AEST/AEDT (e.g. by mail servers etc.) this seems to be the most used alternative acronym to EST/EST. I use AEST/AEDT already in my program World Time Explorer (Time Zone Converter). * A small spelling mistake: the reference to "Palabra" contains the date 2000-03-31, it should be 2001-03-31. Regards, Jesper Nørgaard Welen Email: jnorgard(a)Prodigy.Net.mx Programador/Analista CIMMYT - Centro Internacional de Mejoramiento de Maíz y Trigo Dirección: CIMMYT Int. c/o Jesper Nørgaard Km. 45, Carretera México-Veracruz El Batán Texcoco, Edo. de México CP 56130 MEXICO Tel.: +52 (5) 58-04-20-04 ext. 1374 Fax: +52 (5) 58-04-75-58 Tel. Casa: 53-10-05-95 ó 53-10-97-78 CIMMYT home page: http://cimmyt.cgiar.org Check out my free program World Time Explorer: http://timezone50.homepage.com ---------- From: Paul Eggert[SMTP:eggert@twinsun.com] Sent: Sábado 31 de Marzo de 2001 21:37 To: tz(a)elsie.nci.nih.gov Subject: proposed tz patches for Mexico, Nunavut, Vostok, etc. Jesper Norgaard's letter about what actually happened in Mexico this morning prompted me to propose the tz patches enclosed below, which accumulate most of the changes recently proposed. The patches for Mexico are the most important, though Nunavut and Vostok also need fixes now so that current time stamps are reported correctly. Sorry, I haven't had time to think through the issue of Australian time zone abbreviations yet. If I recall correctly, we have so far: * one well-researched proposal to change from EST/EST etc to AEST/AEDT etc; * one second. * one dissenting vote to leave it at is. * my own brief research indicating that Australians themselves are not consistent Right now we have to get the Mexican patches out, so I'll leave the Australian abbreviations alone for now, but I'd like more votes and/or research if possible. Anyway, here is a summary of the patch proposed below: * Despite earlier predictions, America/Monterrey and America/Chihuahua did _not_ change their clocks today. They will change at the same time as the rest of Mexico. (Thanks to Jesper Norgaard for this.) * Nunavut went back to its pre-1999 ways, effective today. (Thanks to Rives McDow for this.) * Antarctica/Vostok is at UTC+6, not UTC+3. The message I got from Vostok was a bit confusing; perhaps nobody in Antarctica observes DST, contrary to our tables? We need more info about this. (Thanks to Lee Hotz for this.) * Correct several errors for Dutch daylight saving time before World War II. (Thanks to Robert H. van Gent for this.) * Alaska switched from Asian to American dates on 1867-10-18. We can't capture the Julian-to-Gregorian switch that occurred at the same time, but at least we can capture the 24-hour time zone change. (Thanks to Robert H. van Gent for this.) * The Philippines switched from American to Asian dates on 1844-12-31. (Thanks to Robert H. van Gent for obtaining a copy of the proclamation.) For now, guess the Ladrones switched at the same time. The following changes affect commentary only: * Add references to Vzic (a tz-to-VTIMEZONE compiler), and to possible XML schemata for tz data. * Add references to a history of the International Date Line, and to Netherlands time zone history. (Thanks to Robert H. van Gent for this.) * Update the status of various Antarctic stations, some of which have closed. * Update the instructions for running the XHTML validator. ... # James F. Smith writes in today's LA Times # </a> # * Sonora will continue to observe standard time. -# * Border states including Baja California, Chihuahua, and Nuevo Leon -# will use US rules, # * Last week Mexico City's mayor Andres Manuel Lopez Obrador decreed that # the Federal District will not adopt DST. # * 4 of 16 district leaders announced they'll ignore the decree. # * The decree does not affect federal-controlled facilities including # the airport, banks, hospitals, and schools. # -# For now we'll assume that the Federal District will bow to federal rules -# and that border states and Durango will stick with US rules. +# For now we'll assume that the Federal District will bow to federal rules. + +# From Jesper Norgaard (2001-04-01): +# I found some references to the Mexican application of daylight +# saving, which modifies what I had already sent you, stating earlier +# that a number of northern Mexican states would go on daylight +# saving. The modification reverts this to only cover Baja California +# (Norte), while all other states (except Sonora, who has no daylight +# saving all year) will follow the original decree of president +# Vicente Fox, starting daylight saving May 6, 2001 and ending +# September 30, 2001. +# References: "Diario de Monterrey" <www.diariodemonterrey.com/index.asp> +# Palabra <http://palabra.infosel.com/010331/primera/ppri3101.pdf> (2000-03-31) # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S Rule Mexico 1939 only - Feb 5 0:00 1:00 D @@ -1333,8 +1361,7 @@ Zone America/Merida -5:58:28 - LMT 1922 Zone America/Monterrey -6:41:16 - LMT 1921 Dec 31 23:18:44 -6:00 - CST 1988 -6:00 US C%sT 1989 - -6:00 Mexico C%sT 2001 - -6:00 US C%sT + -6:00 Mexico C%sT # Central Mexico Zone America/Mexico_City -6:36:36 - LMT 1922 Jan 1 0:23:24 -7:00 - MST 1927 Jun 10 23:00 @@ -1353,8 +1380,7 @@ Zone America/Chihuahua -7:04:20 - LMT 19 -6:00 - CST 1996 -6:00 Mexico C%sT 1998 -6:00 - CST 1998 Apr Sun>=1 3:00 - -7:00 Mexico M%sT 2001 - -7:00 US M%sT + -7:00 Mexico M%sT # Sonora Zone America/Hermosillo -7:23:52 - LMT 1921 Dec 31 23:36:08 -7:00 - MST 1927 Jun 10 23:00 ...

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Re: Updated Australian time zone names/strings
by Greg Black April 6, 2001

April 6, 2001

| The issue of the ambiguity of abbreviations like "EST" might best be solved | by prefixing the three initials with the ISO Country Code see | http://itl5.itlnet.com/isocodes.htm for examples. So the Australian EST | would be AUEST and the US EST would be USEST. Much as I want us to move away from EST/EST for Australia, I don't think too many people are going to welcome inventions when we have known and recognised existing practice in the form of AEST/AEDT. And I can't see anybody in the US getting excited about changing EST to USEST, no matter how pure it might look if we were actually starting with a clean sheet of paper.

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