- tz - lists.iana.org

proposed tz changes for Paraguay, Brazil, Wayne County, etc.
by Paul Eggert Oct. 5, 2000

Oct. 5, 2000

Here are all the patches for the tz data that I've been accumulating since August. The most pressing changes are those for Brazil, Paraguay, and Wayne County, Kentucky. I haven't had time to incorporate all the changes that I'd like for historical timestamps, or for some new Zones for slightly different rules in Canada (notably for New Brunswick), but we need a new version right away for Paraguay at least. Changes affecting present or future time stamps: * Paraguay started observing DST on 10-01. (Thanks to Steffen Thorsen for this info.) * Brazil observes DST from 10-29 to 02-18 this summer. (Thanks to everyone who reported this.) * Add a Zone America/Kentucky/Monticello for Wayne County, KY, which is switching to Eastern Time on 10-29. (Thanks to Rich Wales and Rives McDow for this info.) * Add a link America/Kentucky/Louisville -> America/Louisville, for symmetry with Monticello. * Lord Howe changes its clocks at the same absolute time as NSW. (Thanks to James Lonergan via Jesper Norgaard for this info.) * Newfoundland switches to and from DST at 00:01 local time, not 02:00. Manitoba switches from DST at 03:00 local time, not 02:00. Source: <http://www.nrc.ca/inms/time/tze.html> * The following Zone names have been changed to reflect typical English usage these days. The old names are in the `backward' file and so will continue to work in the typical case where you have backward-compatibility enabled. Asia/Thimbu -> Asia/Thimphu Asia/Ashkhabad -> Asia/Ashgabat (Thanks to Oscar van Vlijmen for this info.) Changes affecting past time stamps only * Abbreviations for US daylight saving times between 1945-08-14 23:00 UTC and 1945-09-30 02:00 LT are now suffixed "PT" for "Peace Time", not "WT" for "War Time". This matches historical practice in US radio broadcasts. We don't know about about 1919's "War Time", so we'll leave it alone for now. (Thanks to Arthur David Olson for this info.) Changes affecting commentary only * Add a rule in `Theory' advising not to change established names if they only marginally violate the other rules, and to put old names in `backward'. * Update several links in tz-link.htm, notably: - The Burbs converter is renamed to tick2tock.com. - Distinguish between the Time Service and the Astronomical Applications departments of the USNO. - iata.org -> www.iata.org - The CIA renamed (and presumably updated) its time zone map. - Add a link to www.worldtimeserver.com. - Give a link to the full text of McCarthy and Klepczynski's proposal to remove leap seconds. This proposal is now being considered by the IAU. * Bahrain: Al-Manamah -> Al Manamah * China: Added the following alternate spellings, mostly pinyin: Haerbin, Chongqing, Urumchi, Kashi, Kaxgar, Xianggang, Macau, Aomen * Cyprus: Nicosia is now listed under Europe as well as under Asia. * Greenland: Ittoqqortoormiit was misspelled. Clarify that Thule is the base. * Iraq: Fixed a typo that caused the initials to be "ADT" all year long. * Kyrgyzstan: Name of country changed from "Kirgizstan". * Laos: Added Viangchan as an alternate spelling for Vientiane. * Qatar: Added Doha as an alternate spelling for Al Dawhah. * Syria: Added Dimashq as an alternate spelling for Damascus. * US: Add comments roughly identifying the extent of each Zone. Rives McDow reports that the following changes have occurred in the US since 1985. I haven't had time to create proper Zone entries for them yet, but I added his comments. - Kearny County, KS (put all of county on central; previously split between MST and CST) ... 1990-10 - Oliver County, ND (from MST to CST) ... 1992-10 - West Wendover, NV (from PST TO MST) ... 1999-10 - There is another change in the offing; Mercer County, ND is looking to change from MT to CT. It is possible that two other ND counties (Sioux and Morton) will look to change also. If made, the earliest a change would be effective is October 2001. * Canada: Mention H. David Matthews and Mary Vincent's nice article <http://www.canadiangeographic.ca/SO98/geomap.htm> about actual vs legal time zones in Canada. Mention INMS, which attempts to document current practice in Canada, inspired (I think) by Matthews and Vincent's article. Mention INMS's claim that New Brunswick switches at 00:01, not 02:00. (We need a new Zone for this, but I haven't had time yet to verify it.) Clarify that the America/St_Johns Zone includes southeast Labrador, including Port Hope Simpson and Mary's Harbour, but excluding Black Tickle. Matthews and Vincent verified that Atikokan observes CST all year, and say also that Pickle Lake and New Osnaburgh are the same. They also say that far east Quebec observes AST. (We may need new Zones for these cases.) They also write that Big Trout Lake observes CST/CDT, and that Upsala and Shebandowan observe EST/EDT, all in violation of the official Ontario rules; and that the rules are also not observed by other far east Quebecois, by Denare Beach and Creighton, Saskatchewan, and by Creston, BC. Include commentary about this too, as well as their (now-dated) commentary about Alert and Eureka, Nunavut and other far-flung places in the north. (Thanks to Rob Douglas of the INMS for the pointer to Matthews and Vincent.) * Australia: Twin Towns Services Club (in Tweed Heads, near the Queensland border) will maintain Queensland time. (Thanks to Eric Ulevik for this.) * UK: The BBC used `DBST', not `BDST', during the war. (Thanks to Joseph S. Meyers for this.) =================================================================== RCS file: RCS/asia,v retrieving revision 2000.5 retrieving revision 2000.5.0.1 diff -pu -r2000.5 -r2000.5.0.1 --- asia 2000/07/31 13:26:42 2000.5 +++ asia 2000/10/03 06:01:09 2000.5.0.1 @@ -110,7 +110,7 @@ Zone Asia/Baku 3:19:24 - LMT 1924 May 2 # Bahrain # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] -Zone Asia/Bahrain 3:22:20 - LMT 1920 # Al-Manamah +Zone Asia/Bahrain 3:22:20 - LMT 1920 # Al Manamah 4:00 - GST 1972 Jun 3:00 - AST @@ -126,7 +126,7 @@ Zone Asia/Dacca 6:01:40 - LMT 1890 # Bhutan # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] -Zone Asia/Thimbu 5:58:36 - LMT 1947 Aug 15 +Zone Asia/Thimphu 5:58:36 - LMT 1947 Aug 15 # or Thimbu 5:30 - IST 1987 Oct 6:00 - BTT # Bhutan Time @@ -196,7 +196,7 @@ Rule PRC 1986 only - May 4 0:00 1:00 D Rule PRC 1986 1991 - Sep Sun>=11 0:00 0 S Rule PRC 1987 1991 - Apr Sun>=10 0:00 1:00 D # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] -Zone Asia/Harbin 8:26:44 - LMT 1928 +Zone Asia/Harbin 8:26:44 - LMT 1928 # or Haerbin 8:30 - HART 1932 Mar # Harbin Time 8:00 - CST 1940 9:00 - HART 1966 May @@ -205,17 +205,17 @@ Zone Asia/Harbin 8:26:44 - LMT 1928 Zone Asia/Shanghai 8:05:52 - LMT 1928 8:00 Shang C%sT 1949 8:00 PRC C%sT -Zone Asia/Chungking 7:06:20 - LMT 1928 +Zone Asia/Chungking 7:06:20 - LMT 1928 # or Chongqing 7:00 - CHUT 1980 May # Chungking Time 8:00 PRC C%sT -Zone Asia/Urumqi 5:50:20 - LMT 1928 +Zone Asia/Urumqi 5:50:20 - LMT 1928 # or Urumchi 6:00 - URUT 1980 May # Urumqi Time 8:00 PRC C%sT -Zone Asia/Kashgar 5:03:56 - LMT 1928 +Zone Asia/Kashgar 5:03:56 - LMT 1928 # or Kashi or Kaxgar 5:30 - KAST 1940 # Kashgar Time 5:00 - KAST 1980 May 8:00 PRC C%sT -# Hong Kong +# Hong Kong (Xianggang) # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S Rule HK 1946 only - Apr 20 3:30 1:00 S Rule HK 1946 only - Dec 1 3:30 0 - @@ -261,7 +261,7 @@ Rule Taiwan 1980 only - Sep 30 0:00 0 S Zone Asia/Taipei 8:06:00 - LMT 1896 8:00 Taiwan C%sT -# Macao +# Macao (Macau, Aomen) # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S Rule Macao 1961 1962 - Mar Sun>=16 3:30 1:00 S Rule Macao 1961 1964 - Nov Sun>=1 3:30 0 - @@ -302,6 +302,10 @@ Zone Asia/Nicosia 2:13:28 - LMT 1921 Nov 2:00 EUAsia EE%sT # IATA SSIM (1998-09) has Cyprus using EU rules for the first time. +# Classically, Cyprus belongs to Asia; e.g. see Herodotus, Histories, I.72. +# However, for various reasons many users expect to find it under Europe. +Link Asia/Nicosia Europe/Nicosia + # Georgia # From Paul Eggert <eggert(a)twinsun.com> (1994-11-19): # Today's _Economist_ (p 60) reports that Georgia moved its clocks forward @@ -483,7 +487,7 @@ Rule Iraq 1986 1990 - Mar lastSun 1:00s # IATA SSIM (1991/1996) says Apr 1 12:01am UTC; guess the `:01' is a typo. # Shanks says Iraq did not observe DST 1992/1997 or 1999 on; ignore this. Rule Iraq 1991 max - Apr 1 3:00s 1:00 D -Rule Iraq 1991 max - Oct 1 3:00s 0 D +Rule Iraq 1991 max - Oct 1 3:00s 0 S # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] Zone Asia/Baghdad 2:57:40 - LMT 1890 2:57:36 - BMT 1918 # Baghdad Mean Time? @@ -774,7 +778,7 @@ Zone Asia/Aqtau 3:21:04 - LMT 1924 May 5:00 E-EurAsia AQT%sT 1995 Sep lastSun 4:00 E-EurAsia AQT%sT -# Kirgizstan +# Kyrgyzstan (Kirgizstan) # Transitions through 1991 are from Shanks. # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S Rule Kirgiz 1992 1996 - Apr Sun>=7 0:00 1:00 S @@ -830,7 +834,7 @@ Zone Asia/Kuwait 3:11:56 - LMT 1950 # Laos # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] -Zone Asia/Vientiane 6:50:24 - LMT 1906 Jun 9 +Zone Asia/Vientiane 6:50:24 - LMT 1906 Jun 9 # or Viangchan 7:06:20 - SMT 1911 Mar 11 0:01 # Saigon MT? 7:00 - ICT 1912 May 8:00 - ICT 1931 May @@ -1086,7 +1090,7 @@ Zone Asia/Manila -15:56:00 - LMT 1844 # Qatar # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] -Zone Asia/Qatar 3:26:08 - LMT 1920 # Al Dawhah +Zone Asia/Qatar 3:26:08 - LMT 1920 # Al Dawhah / Doha 4:00 - GST 1972 Jun 3:00 - AST @@ -1175,7 +1179,7 @@ Rule Syria 1994 max - Oct 1 0:00 0 - Rule Syria 1997 1998 - Mar lastMon 0:00 1:00 S Rule Syria 1999 max - Apr 1 0:00 1:00 S # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] -Zone Asia/Damascus 2:25:12 - LMT 1920 +Zone Asia/Damascus 2:25:12 - LMT 1920 # Dimashq 2:00 Syria EE%sT # Tajikistan @@ -1196,7 +1200,7 @@ Zone Asia/Bangkok 6:42:04 - LMT 1880 # Turkmenistan # From Shanks. # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] -Zone Asia/Ashkhabad 3:53:32 - LMT 1924 May 2 # or Ashgabat +Zone Asia/Ashgabat 3:53:32 - LMT 1924 May 2 # or Ashkhabad 4:00 - ASHT 1930 Jun 21 # Ashkhabad Time 5:00 RussiaAsia ASH%sT 1991 Mar 31 2:00 4:00 RussiaAsia ASH%sT 1991 Oct 27 # independence =================================================================== RCS file: RCS/australasia,v retrieving revision 2000.6 retrieving revision 2000.6.0.1 diff -pu -r2000.6 -r2000.6.0.1 --- australasia 2000/08/10 13:31:51 2000.6 +++ australasia 2000/10/03 06:01:09 2000.6.0.1 @@ -153,14 +153,14 @@ Zone Australia/Broken_Hill 9:25:48 - LMT # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S Rule LH 1981 1984 - Oct lastSun 2:00s 1:00 - Rule LH 1982 1985 - Mar Sun>=1 2:00s 0 - -Rule LH 1985 only - Oct lastSun 2:00s 0:30 - -Rule LH 1986 1989 - Mar Sun>=15 2:00s 0 - -Rule LH 1986 only - Oct 19 2:00s 0:30 - -Rule LH 1987 1999 - Oct lastSun 2:00s 0:30 - -Rule LH 1990 1995 - Mar Sun>=1 2:00s 0 - -Rule LH 1996 max - Mar lastSun 2:00s 0 - -Rule LH 2000 only - Aug lastSun 2:00s 0:30 - -Rule LH 2001 max - Oct lastSun 2:00s 0:30 - +Rule LH 1985 only - Oct lastSun 2:30s 0:30 - +Rule LH 1986 1989 - Mar Sun>=15 2:30s 0 - +Rule LH 1986 only - Oct 19 2:30s 0:30 - +Rule LH 1987 1999 - Oct lastSun 2:30s 0:30 - +Rule LH 1990 1995 - Mar Sun>=1 2:30s 0 - +Rule LH 1996 max - Mar lastSun 2:30s 0 - +Rule LH 2000 only - Aug lastSun 2:30s 0:30 - +Rule LH 2001 max - Oct lastSun 2:30s 0:30 - Zone Australia/Lord_Howe 10:36:20 - LMT 1895 Feb 10:00 - EST 1981 Mar 10:30 LH LHST @@ -823,6 +823,11 @@ Zone Pacific/Wallis 12:15:20 - LMT 1901 # Capital Territory, New South Wales except Lord Howe Island and Broken # Hill, and Victoria will be August 27, presumably due to the Sydney Olympics. +# From Eric Ulevik, referring to Sydney's Sun Herald (2000-08-13), page 29: +# Twin Towns Services Club (in Tweed Heads, near the Queensland border) +# will maintain Queensland time. The Queensland Premier Peter Beattie +# is encouraging northern NSW towns to use Queensland time. + # Yancowinna # From John Basser (1989-01-04): @@ -863,8 +868,17 @@ Zone Pacific/Wallis 12:15:20 - LMT 1901 # arrangements. The starting date for summer time on the Island will # however always coincide with the rest of NSW. -# From Paul Eggert (2000-01-31): -# For Lord Howe we use Shanks through 1989, and Lonergan thereafter. +# From Jesper Norgaard <jnorgard(a)Prodigy.net.mx> (2000-09-04): +# James Lonergan said that the island always tries to stay in sync +# with the rest of NSW at all time except for the fact that they stay +# ahead half an hour when DST is not observed. If this is interpreted +# literally, they should change clocks at the exact moment that +# e.g. Canberra changes from normal to daylight saving and vice versa. + +# From Paul Eggert (2000-10-02): +# For Lord Howe we use Shanks through 1989, and Lonergan thereafter, +# However, as per Norgaard we modify Shanks by assuming 02:30s switchover +# for half-hour DST. ############################################################################### =================================================================== RCS file: RCS/backward,v retrieving revision 2000.1 retrieving revision 2000.1.0.1 diff -pu -r2000.1 -r2000.1.0.1 --- backward 2000/01/18 14:21:21 2000.1 +++ backward 2000/10/03 06:01:09 2000.1.0.1 @@ -8,7 +8,9 @@ Link America/Tijuana America/Ensenada Link America/Indianapolis America/Fort_Wayne Link America/Indiana/Knox America/Knox_IN Link America/St_Thomas America/Virgin +Link Asia/Ashgabat Asia/Ashkhabad Link Asia/Jerusalem Asia/Tel_Aviv +Link Asia/Thimphu Asia/Thimbu Link Asia/Ulaanbaatar Asia/Ulan_Bator Link Australia/Sydney Australia/ACT Link Australia/Sydney Australia/Canberra =================================================================== RCS file: RCS/europe,v retrieving revision 2000.6 retrieving revision 2000.6.0.1 diff -pu -r2000.6 -r2000.6.0.1 --- europe 2000/08/10 13:31:36 2000.6 +++ europe 2000/10/03 06:01:09 2000.6.0.1 @@ -164,7 +164,26 @@ # main SHAEF archives held in the US National Archives, SHAEF/5252/8/516) # agree that the usage is BDST (this appears in a message dated 17 Feb 1945). -# Howse writes (p 157) `DBST'; let's assume this is a typo. +# From Joseph S. Meyers (2000-08-10): +# On 18th April 1941, Sir Stephen Tallents of the BBC wrote to Sir +# Alexander Maxwell of the Home Office asking whether there was any +# official designation; the reply of the 21st was that there wasn't +# but he couldn't think of anything better than the "Double British +# Summer Time" that the BBC had been using informally. +# I've put a copy of the Home Office letter at +# http://student.cusu.cam.ac.uk/~jsm28/british-time/ho-19410421.png +# and the BBC letter may follow if I get permission from the BBC. + +# From Sir Alexander Maxwell in the above-mentioned letter (1941-04-21): +# [N]o official designation has as far as I know been adopted for the time +# which is to be introduced in May.... +# I cannot think of anything better than "Double British Summer Time" +# which could not be said to run counter to any official description. + +# From Paul Eggert (2000-10-02): +# Howse writes (p 157) `DBST' too, but `BDST' seems to have been common +# and follows the more usual convention of putting the location name first, +# so we use `BDST'. # Peter Ilieve <peter(a)aldie.co.uk> (1998-04-19) described at length # the history of summer time legislation in the United Kingdom. @@ -705,14 +724,14 @@ Rule Thule 1993 max - Apr Sun>=1 2:00 1: Rule Thule 1993 max - Oct lastSun 2:00 0 S # # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] -Zone America/Scoresbysund -1:29:00 - LMT 1916 Jul 28 # Ittoqqortoormit +Zone America/Scoresbysund -1:29:00 - LMT 1916 Jul 28 # Ittoqqortoormiit -2:00 - CGT 1980 Apr 6 2:00 -2:00 C-Eur CG%sT 1981 Mar 29 -1:00 EU EG%sT Zone America/Godthab -3:26:56 - LMT 1916 Jul 28 # Nuuk -3:00 - WGT 1980 Apr 6 2:00 -3:00 EU WG%sT -Zone America/Thule -4:35:08 - LMT 1916 Jul 28 # Pituffik +Zone America/Thule -4:35:08 - LMT 1916 Jul 28 # Pituffik air base -4:00 Thule A%sT # Estonia =================================================================== RCS file: RCS/iso3166.tab,v retrieving revision 1999.8 retrieving revision 1999.8.0.1 diff -pu -r1999.8 -r1999.8.0.1 --- iso3166.tab 1999/11/08 22:27:22 1999.8 +++ iso3166.tab 2000/10/03 06:01:09 1999.8.0.1 @@ -129,7 +129,7 @@ JM Jamaica JO Jordan JP Japan KE Kenya -KG Kirgizstan +KG Kyrgyzstan KH Cambodia KI Kiribati KM Comoros =================================================================== RCS file: RCS/northamerica,v retrieving revision 2000.5 retrieving revision 2000.5.0.2 diff -pu -r2000.5 -r2000.5.0.2 --- northamerica 2000/07/31 13:26:41 2000.5 +++ northamerica 2000/10/03 06:41:08 2000.5.0.2 @@ -58,10 +58,36 @@ # Before the Uniform Time Act of 1966 took effect in 1967, observance of # Daylight Saving Time in the US was by local option, except during wartime. +# From Arthur David Olson (2000-09-25): +# Last night I heard part of a rebroadcast of a 1945 Arch Oboler radio drama. +# In the introduction, Oboler spoke of "Eastern Peace Time." +# An AltaVista search turned up +# <a href="http://rowayton.org/rhs/hstaug45.html">: +# "When the time is announced over the radio now, it is 'Eastern Peace +# Time' instead of the old familiar 'Eastern War Time.' Peace is wonderful." +# </a> (August 1945) by way of confirmation. + +# From Joseph Gallant <notquite(a)hotmail.com>, citing +# George H. Douglas, _The Early Days of Radio Broadcasting_ (1987): +# At 7 P.M. (Eastern War Time) [on 1945-08-14], the networks were set +# to switch to London for Atlee's address, but the American people +# never got to hear his speech live. According to one press account, +# CBS' Bob Trout was first to announce the word of Japan's surrender, +# but a few seconds later, NBC, ABC and Mutual also flashed the word +# of surrender, all of whom interrupting the bells of Big Ben in +# London which were to precede Mr. Atlee's speech. + +# From Paul Eggert (2000-10-02): +# Shanks says that DST was called "War Time" in the US in 1919. +# In the light of the above, this seems suspect; +# but we have no better authority yet. + + # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S Rule US 1918 1919 - Mar lastSun 2:00 1:00 W # War Rule US 1918 1919 - Oct lastSun 2:00 0 S Rule US 1942 only - Feb 9 2:00 1:00 W # War +Rule US 1945 only - Aug 14 23:00u 1:00 P # Peace Rule US 1945 only - Sep 30 2:00 0 S Rule US 1967 max - Oct lastSun 2:00 0 S Rule US 1967 1973 - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D @@ -150,6 +176,13 @@ Rule US 1987 max - Apr Sun>=1 2:00 1:00 # Go with Shanks. # US Eastern time, represented by New York + +# Connecticut, Delaware, District of Columbia, most of Florida, +# Georgia, far southeastern Indiana, eastern Kentucky, Maine, +# Maryland, Massachusetts, New Hampshire, New Jersey, New York, North +# Carolina, Ohio, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, South Carolina, eastern +# Tennessee, Vermont, Virginia, West Virginia + # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER Rule NYC 1920 only - Mar lastSun 2:00 1:00 D Rule NYC 1920 only - Oct lastSun 2:00 0 S @@ -165,6 +198,13 @@ Zone America/New_York -4:56:02 - LMT 188 -5:00 US E%sT # US Central time, represented by Chicago + +# Alabama, Arkansas, Florida panhandle, Illinois, western Indiana +# corners, Iowa, most of Kansas, western Kentucky, Louisiana, +# Minnesota, Mississippi, Missouri, eastern Nebraska, eastern North +# Dakota, Oklahoma, eastern South Dakota, western Tennessee, most of +# Texas, Wisconsin + # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER Rule Chicago 1920 only - Jun 13 2:00 1:00 D Rule Chicago 1920 1921 - Oct lastSun 2:00 0 S @@ -183,6 +223,11 @@ Zone America/Chicago -5:50:36 - LMT 1883 -6:00 US C%sT # US Mountain time, represented by Denver +# +# Colorado, southern Idaho, far western Kansas, Montana, western +# Nebraska, New Mexico, southwestern North Dakota, far eastern Oregon, +# western South Dakota, far western Texas, Utah, Wyoming +# # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER Rule Denver 1920 1921 - Mar lastSun 2:00 1:00 D Rule Denver 1920 only - Oct lastSun 2:00 0 S @@ -198,6 +243,9 @@ Zone America/Denver -6:59:56 - LMT 1883 -7:00 US M%sT # US Pacific time, represented by Los Angeles +# +# California, northern Idaho, Nevada, most of Oregon, and Washington +# # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER Rule CA 1948 only - Mar 14 2:00 1:00 D Rule CA 1949 only - Jan 1 2:00 0 S @@ -390,6 +438,7 @@ Zone America/Indiana/Vevay -5:40:16 - LM -5:00 - EST # Part of Kentucky left its clocks alone in 1974. +# This also includes a part of Indiana immediately adjacent to Louisville. # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER Rule Louisville 1921 only - May 1 2:00 1:00 D Rule Louisville 1921 only - Sep 1 2:00 0 S @@ -408,16 +457,9 @@ Zone America/Louisville -5:43:02 - LMT 1 -5:00 US E%sT 1974 Jan 6 2:00 -6:00 1:00 CDT 1974 Oct 27 2:00 -5:00 US E%sT +Link America/Louisville America/Kentucky/Louisville +# # Wayne, Clinton, and Russell Counties, Kentucky -# From -# <a href="http://frwebgate.access.gpo.gov/cgi-bin/getdoc.cgi?dbname=1999_register&doc…"> -# Federal Register Doc. 99-26945 -# </a> (1999-10-14 08:45-04) -# In response to a petition by the Wayne County, Kentucky, Fiscal Court, -# the Department of Transportation (DOT) proposed to move Wayne County, -# Kentucky, from the Central Time Zone to the Eastern Time Zone.... Now -# the earliest date that the proposed change might take effect is -# October 29, 2000. # # From # <a href="http://www.lake-cumberland.com/life/archive/news990129time.shtml"> @@ -430,6 +472,36 @@ Zone America/Louisville -5:43:02 - LMT 1 # August indicated they would like to change to "fast time" also. # The three Lake Cumberland counties are the farthest east of any U.S. # location in the Central time zone. +# +# From Rich Wales (2000-08-29): +# After prolonged debate, and despite continuing deep differences of opinion, +# Wayne County (central Kentucky) is switching from Central (-0600) to Eastern +# (-0500) time. They won't "fall back" this year. See: +# <a href="http://www.nandotimes.com/nation/story/body/0,1037,500244845-500362432-5021…"> +# Sara Shipley, the difference an hour makes (2000-08-29 15:33 -0400) +# </a> +Zone America/Kentucky/Monticello -5:39:24 - LMT 1883 Nov 18 12:00 + -6:00 US C%sT 1946 + -6:00 - CST 1968 + -6:00 US C%sT 2000 Oct 29 2:00 + -5:00 US E%sT + + +# From Rives McDow (2000-08-30): +# Here ... are all the changes in the US since 1985. +# Kearny County, KS (put all of county on central; +# previously split between MST and CST) ... 1990-10 +# Starke County, IN (from CST to EST) ... 1991-10 +# Oliver County, ND (from MST to CST) ... 1992-10 +# West Wendover, NV (from PST TO MST) ... 1999-10 +# Wayne County, KY (from CST to EST) ... 2000-10 +# There is another change in the offing; Mercer County, ND is looking +# to change from MT to CT. It is possible that two other ND counties +# (Sioux and Morton) will look to change also. If made, the earliest +# a change would be effective is October 2001. +# +# From Paul Eggert (2000-10-02): +# FIXME: I haven't yet had time to incorporate all the above changes. # Michigan # @@ -558,8 +630,20 @@ Link Pacific/Honolulu HST # From Paul Eggert <eggert(a)twinsun.com> (1994-11-22): # Alas, this sort of thing must be handled by localization software. -# The data for Canada are all from Shanks. +# Unless otherwise specified, the data for Canada are all from Shanks. +# From Paul Eggert (2000-10-02): +# H. David Matthews and Mary Vincent's map +# <a href="http://www.canadiangeographic.ca/SO98/geomap.htm"> +# "It's about TIME", _Canadian Geographic_ (September-October 1998) +# </a> contains detailed boundaries for regions observing nonstandard +# time and daylight saving time arrangements in Canada circa 1998. +# +# INMS, the Institute for National Measurement Standards in Ottawa, has +# <a href="http://www.nrc.ca/inms/time/tze.html"> +# information about standard and daylight saving time zones in Canada. +# </a> (updated periodically). +# Its unofficial information is often taken from Matthews and Vincent. # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S Rule Canada 1918 only - Apr 14 2:00 1:00 D @@ -571,7 +655,13 @@ Rule Canada 1974 max - Oct lastSun 2:00 Rule Canada 1987 max - Apr Sun>=1 2:00 1:00 D -# Newfoundland (except Labrador) +# Newfoundland (and far southeast Labrador) + +# From Paul Eggert (2000-10-02): +# Matthews and Vincent (1998) write that Labrador should use NST/NDT, +# but the only part of Labrador that follows the rules is the +# southeast corner, including Port Hope Simpson and Mary's Harbour, +# but excluding, say, Black Tickle. # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S Rule StJohns 1917 1918 - Apr Sun>=8 2:00 1:00 D @@ -601,10 +691,14 @@ Rule StJohns 1946 1950 - May Sun>=8 2:00 Rule StJohns 1946 1950 - Oct Sun>=2 2:00 0 S Rule StJohns 1951 1986 - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D Rule StJohns 1951 1959 - Sep lastSun 2:00 0 S -Rule StJohns 1960 max - Oct lastSun 2:00 0 S -Rule StJohns 1987 only - Apr Sun>=1 2:00 1:00 D -Rule StJohns 1988 only - Apr Sun>=1 2:00 2:00 DD -Rule StJohns 1989 max - Apr Sun>=1 2:00 1:00 D +Rule StJohns 1960 1986 - Oct lastSun 2:00 0 S +# From Paul Eggert (2000-10-02): +# INMS (2000-09-12) says that, since 1988 at least, Newfoundland switches +# at 00:01 local time. For now, assume it started in 1987. +Rule StJohns 1987 only - Apr Sun>=1 0:01 1:00 D +Rule StJohns 1987 max - Oct lastSun 0:01 0 S +Rule StJohns 1988 only - Apr Sun>=1 0:01 2:00 DD +Rule StJohns 1989 max - Apr Sun>=1 0:01 1:00 D # St John's has an apostrophe, but Posix file names can't have apostrophes. # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] Zone America/St_Johns -3:30:52 - LMT 1884 @@ -612,7 +706,7 @@ Zone America/St_Johns -3:30:52 - LMT 188 -3:30 StJohns N%sT -# east Labrador +# most of east Labrador # The name `Happy Valley-Goose Bay' is too long; use `Goose Bay'. # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] @@ -633,6 +727,11 @@ Zone America/Goose_Bay -4:01:40 - LMT 18 # Shanks also writes that Liverpool, NS was the only town in Canada to observe # DST in 1971 but not 1970; for now we'll assume this is a typo. +# From Paul Eggert (2000-10-02): +# INMS (2000-09-12) says that, since 1988 at least, New Brunswick switches +# at 00:01 local time. FIXME: verify and create a new Zone for this. + + # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S Rule Halifax 1916 only - Apr 1 0:00 1:00 D Rule Halifax 1916 only - Oct 1 0:00 0 S @@ -707,6 +806,17 @@ Zone America/Glace_Bay -3:59:48 - LMT 19 # For what it's worth, Shanks says that Atikokan has agreed with # Rainy River ever since standard time was introduced. +# From Paul Eggert (2000-10-02): +# Matthews and Vincent (1998) write that Atikokan, Pickle Lake, and +# New Osnaburgh observe CST all year, that Big Trout Lake observes +# CST/CDT, and that Upsala and Shebandowan observe EST/EDT, all in +# violation of the official Ontario rules. +# They also write that Quebec east of the -63 meridian is supposed to +# observe AST, but residents as far east as Natashquan use EST/EDT, +# and residents east of Natashquan use AST. +# We probably need Zones for far east Quebec and for Atikokan, +# but we don't know when their practices started. + # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S Rule Mont 1917 only - Mar 25 2:00 1:00 D Rule Mont 1917 only - Apr 24 0:00 0 S @@ -774,8 +884,12 @@ Rule Winn 1960 only - Sep lastSun 2:00 0 Rule Winn 1963 only - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D Rule Winn 1963 only - Sep 22 2:00 0 S Rule Winn 1966 1986 - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D -Rule Winn 1966 max - Oct lastSun 2:00 0 S +Rule Winn 1966 1986 - Oct lastSun 2:00 0 S Rule Winn 1987 max - Apr Sun>=1 2:00 1:00 D +# From Paul Eggert (2000-10-02): +# INMS (2000-09-12) says that, since 1988 at least, Manitoba switches from +# DST at 03:00 local time. For now, assume it started in 1987. +Rule Winn 1987 max - Oct lastSun 2:00s 0 S # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] Zone America/Winnipeg -6:28:36 - LMT 1887 Jul 16 -6:00 Winn C%sT @@ -783,10 +897,12 @@ Zone America/Winnipeg -6:28:36 - LMT 188 # Saskatchewan -# From Paul Eggert (1996-06-12): +# From Paul Eggert (2000-10-02): # Shanks writes that since 1970 most of this region has been like Regina. # Some western towns (e.g. Swift Current) switched from MST/MDT to CST in 1972. # Other western towns (e.g. Lloydminster) are like Edmonton. +# Matthews and Vincent (1998) write that Denare Beach and Creighton +# are like Winnipeg, in violation of Saskatchewan law. # From W. Jones <jones(a)skdad.usask.ca> (1992-11-06): # The. . .below is based on information I got from our law library, the @@ -874,9 +990,10 @@ Zone America/Edmonton -7:33:52 - LMT 190 # British Columbia -# From Paul Eggert (1996-06-12): +# From Paul Eggert (2000-10-02): # Shanks writes that since 1970 most of this region has been like Vancouver. # Dawson Creek uses MST. Much of east BC is like Edmonton. +# Matthews and Vincent (1998) write that Creston is like Dawson Creek. # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S Rule Vanc 1918 only - Apr 14 2:00 1:00 D @@ -960,6 +1077,18 @@ Zone America/Dawson_Creek -8:00:56 - LMT # for municipal offices and schools.... Igloolik [was similar but then] # made the switch to central time on Saturday, Nov. 6. +# From Paul Eggert (2000-10-02): +# Matthews and Vincent (1998) say the following, but we lack histories +# for these potential new Zones. +# +# The Canadian Forces station at Alert uses Eastern Time while the +# handful of residents at the Eureka weather station [in the Central +# zone] skip daylight savings. Baffin Island, which is crossed by the +# Central, Eastern and Atlantic Time zones only uses Eastern Time. +# Gjoa Haven, Taloyoak and Pelly Bay all use Mountain instead of +# Central Time and Southampton Island [in the Central zone] is not +# required to use daylight savings. + # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S Rule NT_YK 1918 only - Apr 14 2:00 1:00 D Rule NT_YK 1918 only - Oct 27 2:00 0 S =================================================================== RCS file: RCS/southamerica,v retrieving revision 2000.6 retrieving revision 2000.6.0.1 diff -pu -r2000.6 -r2000.6.0.1 --- southamerica 2000/08/10 13:31:37 2000.6 +++ southamerica 2000/10/03 06:01:09 2000.6.0.1 @@ -116,7 +116,7 @@ Rule Arg 1999 only - Oct Sun>=1 0:00 1:0 Rule Arg 2000 only - Mar Sun>=1 0:00 0 - # # From Peter Gradelski via Steffen Thorsen (2000-03-01): -# We just checked with our San Paulo office and they say the government of +# We just checked with our Sao Paulo office and they say the government of # Argentina decided not to become one of the countries that go on or off DST. # So Buenos Aires should be -3 hours from GMT at all times. # @@ -250,11 +250,15 @@ Zone America/La_Paz -4:32:36 - LMT 1890 # Brazilian official page # </a> # -# From Paul Eggert (1998-10-29): +# From Paul Eggert (2000-10-02): # The official decrees referenced below are taken from # <a href="http://pcdsh01.on.br/DecHV.html"> # Decretos sobre o Horario de Verao no Brasil # </a> (1999-10-04, in Portuguese). +# The official site for all decrees, including those not related to time, is +# <a href="http://www.presidencia.gov.br/CCIVIL/decreto/principal_ano.htm"> +# Presidencia da Republica, Subchefia para Assuntos Juridicos, Decretos +# </a> (in Portuguese). # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S # Decree <a href="http://pcdsh01.on.br/HV20466.htm">20,466</a> (1931-10-01) @@ -364,11 +368,15 @@ Rule Brazil 1999 only - Feb 21 0:00 0 - # Decree <a href="http://pcdsh01.on.br/figuras/HV3150.gif">3,150</a> # (1999-08-23) adopted by same states. # Decree <a href="http://pcdsh01.on.br/DecHV99.gif">3,188</a> (1999-09-30) -# adds SE, AL, PE, PR, RN, CE, PI, MA and RR. +# adds SE, AL, PB, PE, RN, CE, PI, MA and RR. +Rule Brazil 1999 only - Oct 3 0:00 1:00 S +Rule Brazil 2000 only - Feb 27 0:00 0 - +# Decree <a href="http://pcdsh01.on.br/DEC3592.htm">3,592</a> (2000-09-06) +# adopted by the same states as before. # These give only one year's rules. After that, the rules are guesses # and are quite possibly wrong, but are more likely than no DST at all. -Rule Brazil 1999 max - Oct Sun>=1 0:00 1:00 S -Rule Brazil 2000 max - Feb lastSun 0:00 0 - +Rule Brazil 2000 max - Oct Sun>=8 0:00 1:00 S +Rule Brazil 2001 max - Feb Sun>=15 0:00 0 - # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] @@ -578,7 +586,11 @@ Rule Para 1996 1998 - Oct Sun>=1 0:00 1: # go with Shanks. Rule Para 1999 max - Feb lastSun 0:00 0 - # IATA SSIM (2000-02) says 1999-10-10. -Rule Para 1999 max - Oct Sun>=8 0:00 1:00 S +Rule Para 1999 only - Oct 10 0:00 1:00 S +# From Steffen Thorsen (2000-10-02): +# I have three independent reports that Paraguay changed to DST this Sunday +# (10-01). +Rule Para 2000 max - Oct Sun>=1 0:00 1:00 S # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] Zone America/Asuncion -3:50:40 - LMT 1890 -3:50:40 - AMT 1931 Oct 10 # Asuncion Mean Time =================================================================== RCS file: RCS/Theory,v retrieving revision 2000.2 retrieving revision 2000.2.0.1 diff -pu -r2000.2 -r2000.2.0.1 --- Theory 2000/02/21 17:09:29 2000.2 +++ Theory 2000/10/03 06:01:09 2000.2.0.1 @@ -227,13 +227,19 @@ in decreasing order of importance: Use `_' to represent a space. Omit `.' from abbreviations in names, e.g. prefer `St_Helena' to `St._Helena'. + Do not change established names if they only marginally + violate the above rules. For example, don't change + the existing name `Rome' to `Milan' merely because + Milan's population has grown to be somewhat greater + than Rome's. + If a name is changed, put its old spelling in the `backward' file. The file `zone.tab' lists the geographical locations used to name time zone rule files. Older versions of this package used a different naming scheme, and these older names are still supported. -See the file `backwards' for most of these older names +See the file `backward' for most of these older names (e.g. `US/Eastern' instead of `America/New_York'). The other old-fashioned names still supported are `WET', `CET', `MET', `EET' (see the file `europe'), =================================================================== RCS file: RCS/tz-link.htm,v retrieving revision 2000.6 retrieving revision 2000.6.0.1 diff -pu -r2000.6 -r2000.6.0.1 --- tz-link.htm 2000/08/10 13:31:37 2000.6 +++ tz-link.htm 2000/10/03 06:01:09 2000.6.0.1 @@ -64,8 +64,8 @@ Stewart calls the "20-line hack no one w is a fancier web interface. <LI><A HREF="http://timezoneconverter.com/">Time Zone Converter</A> is an even fancier interface. -<LI><A HREF="http://www.burbs.com/fcgi-bin/tzconvert.fcgi">Burbs time -zone converter</A> is a multilingual interface. +<LI><A HREF="http://www.tick2tock.com/cgi-bin/TZConverter">Tick2Tock +time zone converter</A> is a multilingual interface. <LI><A HREF="http://www.holidayfestival.com/">The Worldwide Holiday & Festival Site</A> lists DST-related clock changes along with holidays. <LI><A HREF="http://www.timeanddate.com/worldclock/">The World Clock</A> @@ -96,8 +96,8 @@ Microsoft Windows 95/98/NT4 program. </UL> <H2>Other time zone databases</H2> <UL> -<LI><A HREF="http://www.astro.ch/atlas/">Astrology / Astrologie -> -Astrodienst Atlas Database</A> is Astrodienst's Web version of Shanks's +<LI><A HREF="http://www.astro.ch/atlas/">Astrodienst Online - +Atlas & Timezone Database</A> is Astrodienst's Web version of Shanks's excellent time zone history atlases published in both <A HREF="http://astrocom.com/software/ACS_PC_Atlas.htm">computer</A> and <A HREF="http://astrocom.com/books/xrefa.htm#SHANKS">book</A> form by <A @@ -107,9 +107,14 @@ time info, public holidays</A> contains information on local time, sunrise and sunset, and public holidays in several hundred cities around the world. <LI><A HREF="http://tycho.usno.navy.mil/tzones.html">World Time Zones</A> -contains US Naval Observatory data, used as the source +contains data from the Time Service Department of the US Naval Observatory +(USNO), used as the source for the <samp>usno*</samp> files in the <samp>tz</samp> distribution. -<LI>The <A HREF="http://iata.org/">International Air Transport Association</A> +<LI>The USNO Astronomical Applications Department publishes answers to +<A HREF="http://aa.usno.navy.mil/AA/faq/">Frequently Asked Questions</A> +about time zones and daylight saving time. +<LI>The <A HREF="http://www.iata.org/">International +Air Transport Association</A> publishes the IATA Standard Schedules Information Manual (SSIM), which gives current time zone rules for all the airports served by commercial aviation. @@ -117,7 +122,7 @@ all the airports served by commercial av <H2>Maps</H2> <UL> <LI>The United States Central Intelligence Agency publishes a <A -HREF="http://www.odci.gov/cia/publications/factbook/figures/802649.pdf">time +HREF="http://www.odci.gov/cia/publications/factbook/reference/Low%20res%20PDF/low…">time zone map</A>; the <A HREF="http://www.lib.utexas.edu/Libs/PCL/Map_collection/world_maps.html"> Perry-Castañeda Library Map Collection</A> @@ -126,16 +131,19 @@ recent editions. The pictorial quality is good, but the maps do not indicate summer time, and parts of the data are a few years out of date. -<LI><A HREF="http://worldtimezone.com/">World time zones map with +<LI><A HREF="http://worldtimezone.com/">World timezones map with current time</A> has several fancy time zone maps; it covers Russia particularly well. The maps' pictorial quality is not quite as good as the CIA's and (as usual with maps) the maps are not quite up to date. +<LI><A HREF="http://www.worldtimeserver.com/">World Time Server</A> +has a separate little outline map for each region of each country that +currently observes a different time. </UL> <H2>Daylight saving time concepts and history</H2> <UL> -<LI><A HREF="http://webexhibits.com/daylightsaving/">Daylight -Saving Time -- History, rationale, laws and dates</A> +<LI><A HREF="http://webexhibits.com/daylightsaving/">About Daylight +Saving Time - History, rationale, laws and dates</A> is a good overall history of DST. <LI><A HREF="http://www.cstv.to.cnr.it/toi/uk/toi.html">The Time of Internet</A> @@ -190,11 +198,14 @@ when leap seconds occur. <LI>The <A HREF="http://clockdev.usno.navy.mil/archives/leapsecs.html">Leap Second Discussion List</A> covers <A -HREF="http://www.gisdevelopment.net/reference/scie/s_t_41_50.htm#47">McCarthy +HREF="http://clockdev.usno.navy.mil/cgi-bin/wa.exe?A3=ind0007&L=leapsecs&P=26737&…">McCarthy and Klepczynski's proposal to remove leap seconds</A>, currently being studied by a <A HREF="http://www.intec.rug.ac.be/Research/Projects/ursi/Commissions.html">URSI -Commission J</A> working group. +Commission J</A> working group, and the <A HREF="http://www.iau.org/">IAU</A> +has <A +HREF="http://clockdev.usno.navy.mil/cgi-bin/wa.exe?A2=ind0009&L=leapsecs&F=lf&S=&…">plans</A> +to report on this proposal by 2003. </UL> <H2>Time notation</H2> <UL> =================================================================== RCS file: RCS/zone.tab,v retrieving revision 2000.5 retrieving revision 2000.5.0.1 diff -pu -r2000.5 -r2000.5.0.1 --- zone.tab 2000/07/31 13:26:40 2000.5 +++ zone.tab 2000/10/03 06:01:09 2000.5.0.1 @@ -83,7 +83,7 @@ BR +0249-06040 America/Boa_Vista Roraima BR -0308-06001 America/Manaus Amazonas BR -0934-06731 America/Porto_Acre Acre BS +2505-07721 America/Nassau -BT +2728+08939 Asia/Thimbu +BT +2728+08939 Asia/Thimphu BW -2545+02555 Africa/Gaborone BY +5354+02734 Europe/Minsk BZ +1730-08812 America/Belize @@ -332,7 +332,7 @@ TG +0608+00113 Africa/Lome TH +1345+10031 Asia/Bangkok TJ +3835+06848 Asia/Dushanbe TK -0922-17114 Pacific/Fakaofo -TM +3757+05823 Asia/Ashkhabad +TM +3757+05823 Asia/Ashgabat TN +3648+01011 Africa/Tunis TO -2110+17510 Pacific/Tongatapu TP -0833+12535 Asia/Dili @@ -351,7 +351,8 @@ UM +2813-17722 Pacific/Midway Midway Isl UM +1917+16637 Pacific/Wake Wake Island US +404251-0740023 America/New_York Eastern Time US +421953-0830245 America/Detroit Eastern Time - Michigan - most locations -US +381515-0854534 America/Louisville Eastern Time - Louisville, Kentucky +US +381515-0854534 America/Louisville Eastern Time - Kentucky - Louisville area +US +364947-0845057 America/Kentucky/Monticello Eastern Time - Kentucky - Wayne County US +394606-0860929 America/Indianapolis Eastern Standard Time - Indiana - most locations US +382232-0862041 America/Indiana/Marengo Eastern Standard Time - Indiana - Crawford County US +411745-0863730 America/Indiana/Knox Eastern Standard Time - Indiana - Starke County

6 5

FW: Time zone changes due to Brazilian Summer Time
by Olson, Arthur David (NCI) Oct. 5, 2000

Oct. 5, 2000

Paulo Alexandre Pinto Pires is not on the time zone mailing list; direct replies appropriately. --ado -----Original Message----- From: Paulo Alexandre Pinto Pires [mailto:p@ppires.org] Sent: Tuesday, October 03, 2000 11:23 PM To: tz(a)elsie.nci.nih.gov Cc: suporte(a)coppe.ufrj.br Subject: Time zone changes due to Brazilian Summer Time Dear sirs, Below are the patches (with full comments) for adjusting zone information for South America, due to Brazilian changing of beginning and ending dates for adoption of summer time. Patches can be applied to version 7.36 (as available from ftp://elsie.nci.nih.gov at 2000/10/04 00:00 GMT), and they are in unified diff format. I am also sending the full altered file, as a GNU-zip compressed attachment. Regards, Paulo A. P. Pires -- p(a)ppires.org 8<---------------------------------------------- --- /usr/src/share/zoneinfo/southamerica.orig Tue Oct 3 22:03:37 2000 +++ /usr/src/share/zoneinfo/southamerica Tue Oct 3 23:06:56 2000 @@ -367,8 +367,23 @@ # adds SE, AL, PE, PR, RN, CE, PI, MA and RR. # These give only one year's rules. After that, the rules are guesses # and are quite possibly wrong, but are more likely than no DST at all. -Rule Brazil 1999 max - Oct Sun>=1 0:00 1:00 S -Rule Brazil 2000 max - Feb lastSun 0:00 0 - +Rule Brazil 1999 only - Oct Sun>=1 0:00 1:00 S +Rule Brazil 2000 only - Feb lastSun 0:00 0 - +# +# From Paulo A. P. Pires (2000-10-03) +# Brazil changed rules once again. Late decree with poor announcement +# (even some telephone companies had their services one hour ahead of legal +# for a short time). +# According to sources in the Research Group on Energy, from the Institute of +# Economics of the Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, initial and final +# summer time dates were not originally supposed to change from previous year, +# but people in northern states don't like summer time (for the obvious reason +# that is not as effective, but rather uncomfortable, near the Equator line). +# Decree <a href="http://pcdsh01.on.br/DEC3592.htm">3592</A> (2000/09/06) lists +# the following states to obey summer time: RS, SC, PR, SP, RJ, ES, MG, GO, +# MT, MS, TO, BA, SE, AL, PE, RN, CE, PI, MA, RR and DF. +Rule Brazil 2000 max - Oct Sun>=8 0:00 1:00 S +Rule Brazil 2001 max - Feb Sun>=18 0:00 0 - # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] ------------------------------------------->8 -- Pappires ... Qui habet aurem audiendi audiat quid Spiritus dicat ecclesiis.

1 0

FW: Patch for Brazil Summer Time 2000.
by Olson, Arthur David (NCI) Oct. 5, 2000

Oct. 5, 2000

Marcus Felipe Pereira is not on the time zone mailing list; direct replies appropriately. --ado -----Original Message----- From: Marcus Felipe Pereira [mailto:marcus@task.com.br] Sent: Tuesday, October 03, 2000 6:36 PM To: tz(a)elsie.nci.nih.gov Subject: Patch for Brazil Summer Time 2000. Hi Arthur, Brazil's government changed the rules for the Daylight Summer Time - AGAIN! They changed the start date of it from "Fist Sunday of October" to "Second Sunday or October". So in 2000 the BRST will start on 8th of October an not in 1st of October. I'm sending a patch for the original "southamerica" timezone file from ftp://elsie.nci.nih.gov/pub/tzdata2000f.tar.gz Marcus Felipe Pereira marcus(a)task.com.br

1 0

TimeZone Information
by Burtenshaw, Craig Oct. 5, 2000

Oct. 5, 2000

Hi, Recently I received a new TimeZone file for Australia and it's 2000 timezone changes. I unzipped the file and replaced the current australasia file with the one in the tz2000f.tar.gz file I was sent. However, the machine has not converted to Daylight Savings time yet. Even after rebooting the machine. Could you give me an idea on how to change the date of the machine to reflect daylight savings ? I did alter it manually 'date MMDDHHMIYYYY' and this worked for a little while, but when I rebooted the machine it reverted back to Non Daylight savings time. Thankyou in advance. Craig. ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ Craig Burtenshaw Unix Systems/Oracle Database Administrator Information Technology Australian Maritime Safety Authority (AMSA) P.O. Box 2181 Canberra City ACT 2601 Level 2, 25 Constitution Ave Canberra City ACT 2601 Ph : 61+ (0) 2 6279 5824 Fax : 61+ (0) 2 6279 5024 E-Mail : mailto:Craig.Burtenshaw@amsa.gov.au AMSA Web site : http://www.amsa.gov.au ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ Why is it that if someone tells you that there are 1 billion stars in the universe you will believe them, but if they tell you a wall has wet paint you will have to touch it to be sure?

1 0

Re: week starts at Sunday or Monday??
by Janis.Papanagnou＠varetis.de Oct. 5, 2000

Oct. 5, 2000

>On the other hand, in some languages (e.g., German: "Mittwoch"), the >word for Wednesday means literally "middle of the week", which would >imply a week-start of Sunday. The Greek week names Monday through Thursday (Deftera, Triti, Tetarti, Pempti - with apologies for maybe non-standard transliteration) contain the plain words 2nd, 3rd, 4th, and 5th, respectively. (Just for the record, and without saying this is in any context more or less correct than something else.) Janis

3 2

Re: Zeller
by Paul Eggert Oct. 4, 2000

Oct. 4, 2000

Oscar van Vlijmen <o.van.vlijmen(a)tip.nl> writes: > Allow me to give a couple of key sources for Zeller's algorithm to find the > day of the week: I see that those source's formulas have diverged a bit from Zeller's original algorithm, which you can find in: Chr. Zeller, Kalender-Formeln, Acta Mathematica, Vol. 9, Nov. 1886 I haven't read the original article (I don't read German), but I have seen a translation whose location escapes me now. I think if you translate his original formulas unchanged into C, and assume nonnegative years, they would look like this: /* Calculcate weekday number for Gregorian date YYYY-MM-DD. */ int jan_or_feb = MM <= 2; int y = YYYY - jan_or_feb; int J = y / 100; // century number int K = y % 100; // year number within the same int m = MM + 12 * jan_or_feb; // month number int q = DD; // day number in the month int h = (q + ((m + 1) * 26) / 10 + K + K/4 + J/4 - 2*J) % 7; // weekday number (1 is Sunday) However, this ignores overflows and doesn't handle negative years correctly. If you want it to work more generally, you need to alter the formulas, e.g. to something like the following. Please note that I've written this code by hand just now without testing it, so it's quite possibly buggy. #define DIV(a, b) (((a)/(b)) - ((a)%(b) < 0)) int jan_or_feb = MM <= 2; int K1 = YYYY % 100; int K2 = K1 - (K1 == 0 & jan_or_feb); int J = YYYY / 100 - (K2 < 0); int K = (K2 + 100) % 100; int m = MM + 12 * jan_or_feb; int q = DD; int h1 = (q + ((m + 1) * 26) / 10 + K + DIV(K,4) + DIV(J,4) - 2*J) % 7; int h = (h1 + 6) % 7;

2 1

Alternative place names?
by Oscar van Vlijmen Oct. 4, 2000

Oct. 4, 2000

> Jesper Nørgaard / Vietnam: Saigon vs. Ha Noi. > David Keegel / Theory file. > Gwillim Law / Theory file. > Vadim Vygonets / Saigon vs. Ha Noi and Jerusalem vs. Tel Aviv. > Paul Eggert / Jerusalem vs. Tel Aviv. > Gwillim Law / I think it's fine to put > alternative place names into the comments, but I hope we'll resist making > frequent changes to the zone names. One of the TZ prescriptions is: "Use the most populous among locations in a country's time zone, e.g. prefer `Shanghai' to `Beijing'. Among locations with similar populations, pick the best-known location, e.g. prefer `Rome' to `Milan'." The rationale of the 11 Theory prescriptions is of course: The user has to be able to find the wanted timezone immediately. I am NOT proposing to change the Theory rules, but I wonder: population count, popularity, media exposure all change, a capital hardly or not. A capital is or should be known to everybody. Haven't we all had some kind of geography lessons, years or decades ago? If in a TZ application the end user is able to see the commented alternative names, then in some cases alternatives should be mentioned in the data files. If not, mentioning alternatives still could be useful to the developers of Windows, Macintosh and web derivatives of the TZ application. > Paul Eggert, Vadim Vygonets, Antoine Leca / China: Chongqing A recurring problem is that people inside and outside of China don't like the official pinyin transliteration. Most professional map makers however use pinyin. Officially (Peking University course) the q- sound is an aspirated voiceless affricate, with j- the unaspirated voiceless counterpart. In practice j- sounds more like the (voiced!) g- in English genuine and q- more like the ch- in English chew. How Chongqing is pronounced in Chongqing I do not know. What I do know is that Chongqing is the official pinyin transliteration. Chung is a British transliteration (Wade, 1867), indeed: tch'ong is the French EFEO (1902) transliteration, but k'ing is the French transliteration for pinyin qing, whereas ch'ing would be the British transliteration. I'll vote for pinyin Chongqing. > Antoine Leca / Cambodia: Phnum Penh There is a (Unicode) "Proposal for encoding the Khmer script", by Maurice Bauhahn, a proposal to ISO-IEC JTC1/SC2/WG2. This is not a Romanization proposal, but in this document I found a reference to: American Library Association - Library of Congress romanization tables: transliteration schemes for non-Roman scripts approved by the Library of Congress and the American Library Association, Randall K. Barry, ed. 1997, isbn 0844409405. Who has access to these tables? See also the ISO/TC46/SC2 working groups for international transliteration standards (http://www.elot.gr/tc46sc2/) I suggest: Phnom_Penh as zone name, Phnum Penh in comment. > Gwillim Law / Do not change established names unless they become ambiguous or > shockingly incorrect. Yes, but established by whom? And what would you call shockingly incorrect? To some people it's shockingly incorrect to say Kirgizstan instead of Kyrgyzstan, but a certain influential publication or whoever 'established' an alternative transliteration. Where to draw the line? > Vadim Vygonets / Kirgizstan BTW: Kyrgyz is not a Russian (Slavonic) language, but a Turkic language, and -i- and -y- indeed do sound different. > Paul Eggert / Hong Kong, Macao, Harbin, Urumqi, Kashgar. I'll vote for these as zone names; one could put more or less common or official alternatives in comments. Alternatives to Kashgar: Kaxgar, Kashi. Oscar van Vlijmen 2000-09-27

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RE: week starts at Sunday or Monday??
by Rich Wales Oct. 4, 2000

Oct. 4, 2000

"Jake" wrote: > "and on the seventh day, ye shall rest" for Gregorian > calendar = Sunday, for Hebraic, Seventh Day Adventists > (and others) = Saturday, etc. In the mainline Christian tradition, the day of worship was changed to the first day of the week in order to commemorate Jesus' resurrection. So, even though Sunday is the generally accepted Christian day of rest, it is still considered to be the first (not seventh) day of the week. Rich Wales richw(a)webcom.com http://www.webcom.com/richw/

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Capitals
by Oscar van Vlijmen Oct. 4, 2000

Oct. 4, 2000

> Garrett Wollman: > Many time-zone regions do not have a `capital' of any sort. To give > just one example, the time zone `America/Los_Angeles' has three > `capitals': Sacramento, Salem, and Olympia. None of these are obvious > choices. `America/Chicago' has even more possibilities. Dunno, the book "The world almanac and book of facts", World Almanac Books, 1998, gives on page 542 a list of US state capitals with Sacramento as the only capital of California, Springfield (not Chicago) as capital of Illinois, etcetera. Good maps will also show the one and only capital of states. For US states with 2 or more timezones, one could use the most populous county seats or courthouses. For instance, Indiana has 92 counties to choose from (ibid, page 424). The same information can be found (elsewhere) for Canada. But I think it's a bit futile to rework the whole tz database only for the sake of being administratively correct. Here and there a couple of obvious corrections won't hurt. But one may have a different opinion. Oscar van Vlijmen 2000-09-28

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Time zone changes due to Brazilian Summer Time
by Paulo Alexandre Pinto Pires Oct. 4, 2000

Oct. 4, 2000

Dear sirs, Below are the patches (with full comments) for adjusting zone information for South America, due to Brazilian changing of beginning and ending dates for adoption of summer time. Patches can be applied to version 7.36 (as available from ftp://elsie.nci.nih.gov at 2000/10/04 00:00 GMT), and they are in unified diff format. I am also sending the full altered file, as a GNU-zip compressed attachment. Regards, Paulo A. P. Pires -- p(a)ppires.org 8<---------------------------------------------- --- /usr/src/share/zoneinfo/southamerica.orig Tue Oct 3 22:03:37 2000 +++ /usr/src/share/zoneinfo/southamerica Tue Oct 3 23:06:56 2000 @@ -367,8 +367,23 @@ # adds SE, AL, PE, PR, RN, CE, PI, MA and RR. # These give only one year's rules. After that, the rules are guesses # and are quite possibly wrong, but are more likely than no DST at all. -Rule Brazil 1999 max - Oct Sun>=1 0:00 1:00 S -Rule Brazil 2000 max - Feb lastSun 0:00 0 - +Rule Brazil 1999 only - Oct Sun>=1 0:00 1:00 S +Rule Brazil 2000 only - Feb lastSun 0:00 0 - +# +# From Paulo A. P. Pires (2000-10-03) +# Brazil changed rules once again. Late decree with poor announcement +# (even some telephone companies had their services one hour ahead of legal +# for a short time). +# According to sources in the Research Group on Energy, from the Institute of +# Economics of the Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, initial and final +# summer time dates were not originally supposed to change from previous year, +# but people in northern states don't like summer time (for the obvious reason +# that is not as effective, but rather uncomfortable, near the Equator line). +# Decree <a href="http://pcdsh01.on.br/DEC3592.htm">3592</A> (2000/09/06) lists +# the following states to obey summer time: RS, SC, PR, SP, RJ, ES, MG, GO, +# MT, MS, TO, BA, SE, AL, PE, RN, CE, PI, MA, RR and DF. +Rule Brazil 2000 max - Oct Sun>=8 0:00 1:00 S +Rule Brazil 2001 max - Feb Sun>=18 0:00 0 - # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] ------------------------------------------->8 -- Pappires ... Qui habet aurem audiendi audiat quid Spiritus dicat ecclesiis.

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Patch for Brazil Summer Time 2000.
by Marcus Felipe Pereira Oct. 3, 2000

Oct. 3, 2000

Hi Arthur, Brazil's government changed the rules for the Daylight Summer Time - AGAIN! They changed the start date of it from "Fist Sunday of October" to "Second Sunday or October". So in 2000 the BRST will start on 8th of October an not in 1st of October. I'm sending a patch for the original "southamerica" timezone file from ftp://elsie.nci.nih.gov/pub/tzdata2000f.tar.gz Marcus Felipe Pereira marcus(a)task.com.br

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Re: Alternative place names?
by Paul Eggert Oct. 3, 2000

Oct. 3, 2000

Oscar van Vlijmen <o.van.vlijmen(a)tip.nl> writes: > I am NOT proposing to change the Theory rules, but I wonder: population > count, popularity, media exposure all change, a capital hardly or not. Actually, capitals change suprisingly often. E.g. Kazakhstan changed its capital in 1997, and then changed the capital's name in 1998. (Good thing they didn't use new time zone rules too, or we'd have had to track that mess.) Even China, the most populous country in the world, changed its capital twice in the last century (in 1928 and again in 1949) and there was a period in which the location of its capital was in serious dispute. Capitals are political creatures, and we are trying to avoid politics here as much as possible, so I don't want to give the "capitalness" of a city much weight. > Chung is a British transliteration (Wade, 1867), indeed: tch'ong is the > French EFEO (1902) transliteration, but k'ing is the French transliteration > for pinyin qing, whereas ch'ing would be the British transliteration. The name "Chungking" is not a systematic transliteration; it is merely traditional. It's probably the weakest of the existing Chinese names, i.e. the one where there is the strongest reason to change, as I get the feeling that the Pinyin transliteration "Chongqing" is gaining wide popularity in ordinary English usage. Google reports 38k English-language hits for "Chongqing" and 21k for "Chungking", so if we were choosing now "Chongqing" might well be the winner. But I'm not sure that this is enough to change an established name. Oscar van Vlijmen <o.van.vlijmen(a)tip.nl> writes: Paul Hill writes: > Someone said there is the rule: every country gets at least one entry. > Is this implemented in practice? Every country including all small > countries that share zones (like the Caribbean)? Yes. In hindsight this rule was probably unwise, as countries are also political creatures. Not sure I want to change it now, though.

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Re: week starts at Sunday or Monday??
by Janis.Papanagnou＠varetis.de Oct. 3, 2000

Oct. 3, 2000

>so my question is.... >now that I decided that days are niumbere 1 to 7, >what is day 1 ??? >is it Sunday, or Monday? >what is the Right Thing to do? Your choice is ok. One observation to add is about numbering/enumerating/counting in general: 1st, 2nd, 3rd, ... well - I've never heard about "the 0-st". Enumerating starting with zero seems to have come in vogue with C, due to the simpler address calculation (saves some micro seconds?). Whether week starts with Monday or Sunday depends on the culture; this is independent of any number assigned to it. Regards, Janis

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Paraguay change
by Steffen Thorsen Oct. 2, 2000

Oct. 2, 2000

I have three independent reports that Paraguay (America/Asuncion) changed to DST this Sunday (1 Oct), so the "Para"-rules must be updated. Also, Brazil needs to be updated, like already reported by several people on this list. Best regards, Steffen -- Steffen Thorsen <steffen(a)thorsen.priv.no> <steffent(a)pvv.ntnu.no> http://www.thorsen.priv.no

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Re: week starts at Sunday or Monday??
by Dik.Winter＠cwi.nl Oct. 2, 2000

Oct. 2, 2000

> > 1st, 2nd, 3rd, ... well - I've never heard about "the 0-st". > > Enumerating starting with zero seems to have come in vogue with C, > There's been a Zero Church Street in Cambridge, Mass., for a good deal > longer than there's been a C programming language. Blame the > mathematicians. The Indian calendars use a large number of counting years. Some of those start with 0, others with 1. This even predates Cambridge, Mass.. dik

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Re: week starts at Sunday or Monday??
by Peter Ilieve Oct. 2, 2000

Oct. 2, 2000

Christoph Bugel wrote: > > so my question is.... > now that I decided that days are niumbere 1 to 7, > what is day 1 ??? > is it Sunday, or Monday? > what is the Right Thing to do? The document by Gary Houston describing the ISO 8601:1988 date/time representations that is available at ftp://elsie.nci.nih.gov/pub/iso8601.ps.gz contains this paragraph: An ordinal date is identified by a given day in a given year. A week is identified by its number in a given year. A week begins with a Monday, and the first week of a year is the one which includes the first Thursday, or equivalently the one which includes January 4. Midnight may be expressed as either 00:00:00 or 24:00:00. Peter Ilieve peter(a)aldie.co.uk

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share/zoneinfo/southamerica (Brazil saving update)
by Mario Sergio Fujikawa Ferreira Oct. 1, 2000

Oct. 1, 2000

Hi, I was informed this was the right place to inform this. If you are not, I both apologize and ask if you can direct this to the right person. I would like to report that the Light Time Saving estimates for Brazil are incorrect. The new correct time savings for this year are - begin 08 Oct 2000 00:00:00 - end 18 Feb 2001 00:00:00 Unfortunaly, it is not clear if the 2nd weekend of September will be the official beginning for consequent years. The same applies for the end date. Therefore, I would advise maintaining the actual policy, yet adding this year's information. By the way, no states were removed or added in this latest decree. --- southamerica Fri Apr 7 01:20:30 2000 +++ /tmp/southamerica Sun Oct 1 02:02:25 2000 @@ -353,6 +353,10 @@ # and are quite possibly wrong, but are more likely than no DST at all. Rule Brazil 1999 max - Oct Sun>=1 0:00 1:00 S Rule Brazil 2000 max - Feb lastSun 0:00 0 - +# Decree <a href="http://pcdsh01.on.br/DEC3592.htm">3,592</a> (1999-10-01) +# adopted by the same states. +Rule Brazil 2000 only - Oct 6 0:00 1:00 S +Rule Brazil 2001 only - Feb 18 0:00 0 - # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] -- Mario S. F. Ferreira - UnB - Brazil - "I guess this is a signature." lioux at ( freebsd dot org | linf dot unb dot br ) flames to beloved devnull(a)someotherworldbeloworabove.org

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places: links
by Oscar van Vlijmen Oct. 1, 2000

Oct. 1, 2000

A couple of links for those who are still interested in places, in spite of past discussions ;) Jesper Nørgaard gave earlier: UN list of capital cities and cities of 100,000 inhabitants and more http://www.un.org/Depts/unsd/demog/ctry.htm Another link, just found by me: Global Population Project, with many more statistics and info: http://www.koeln.netsurf.de/~stefan.helders/content.htm Interested in names? "The GEOnet Names Server (GNS) provides access to the National Imagery and Mapping Agency's (NIMA) database of foreign geographic feature names. Approximately 20,000 of the database's 3.5 million features are updated monthly with names information approved by the U.S. Board on Geographic Names (US BGN)." The index to the country files: http://164.214.2.59/gns/html/Cntry_Files.html Getty Thesaurus of Geographic Names Latitude/longitude, sometimes a bit more info http://shiva.pub.getty.edu/tgn_browser/ US State Department: Independent States in the World; a list with capitals: http://www.state.gov/www/regions/independent_states.html I just read an article about Sealand (AD Magazine Sep 30 2000, from Algemeen Dagblad (Dutch), www.ad.nl) The Principality of Sealand, not by the UN recognised "country", not in tz: http://www.sealandgov.com/ Location: 051.53.40 N, 01.28.57 E. No information about timezone, probably UTC+0. Average number of inhabitants: 6. About 300 people seem to have a Sealand passport. Which Dutch city (that's 'city', not 'gemeente') is the largest? Amsterdam 718150 Rotterdam 590480 Den Haag 442800 Source (Dutch site): http://www.stedengids.net/cijfersnederland.htm UN statistics (see above) gives the same idea (year 1994): Amsterdam city: 723163, urban agglom.: 1100764 Rotterdam city: 598236, urban agglom.: 1076442 's-Gravenhage city: 444108, urban agglom.: 694733 Oscar van Vlijmen 2000-10-01

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IAU resolution supporting leap second reform
by Paul Eggert Sept. 30, 2000

Sept. 30, 2000

http://clockdev.usno.navy.mil/cgi-bin/wa.exe?A2=ind0009&L=leapsecs&F=lf&S=&… reports that the following resolution was adopted by the IAU last month: The International Astronomical Union Recognising 1. that the definition of Coordinated Universal time (UTC) relies on the astronomical observation of the UT1 time scale in order to introduce leap seconds, 2. that the unpredictability of leap seconds affects modern communication and navigation systems, 3. that astronomical observations provide an accurate estimate of the secular deceleration of the Earth's rate of rotation, Recommends 1. that the IAU establish a Working Group reporting to Division 1 at the General Assembly in 2003 to consider the redefinition of UTC, 2. that this study discuss whether there is a requirement for leap seconds, the possibility of inserting leap seconds at pre-determined intervals, and the tolerance limits for UT1-UTC, and 3. that this study be undertaken in cooperation with the appropriate groups of the International Union of Radio Science (URSI), the International Telecommunications Union (ITU-R), the International Bureau for Weights and Measures (BIPM), and relevant navigational agencies.

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Re: Alternative place names?
by Dik.Winter＠cwi.nl Sept. 29, 2000

Sept. 29, 2000

> I am NOT proposing to change the Theory rules, but I wonder: population > count, popularity, media exposure all change, a capital hardly or not. A > capital is or should be known to everybody. Haven't we all had some kind of > geography lessons, years or decades ago? Oh, come on. How many people in the Netherlands know the official name of its capital? How many people not of Dutch origin know what the real capital is? And it would seem strange to use that name in the files in conjunction with "Amsterdam time". I am quite happy with Europe/Amsterdam, but that is where I live of course ;-). dik

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Re: Another capital
by Dik.Winter＠cwi.nl Sept. 28, 2000

Sept. 28, 2000

>> Welkom en welkom gefeliciteerd in deez' wonderschone hoofdstad van ons land! >> Congratulations! You live in the real and formal capital of the Netherlands. >> The Dutch government has its seat in The Hague (Den Haag, 's-Gravenhage). > Which makes it the capital by both the English meaning of the word (Webster) > and the Dutch meaning of the word (van Dale). Note that when I was at school > we were taught that The Hague was the capital, while the only claim to fame > of Amsterdam was that Kings and Queens would be crowned there. Forgot to mention something. You talk about "formal capital", but that can only be the case if it is written down somewhere in the legislation, but there is nothing about that anywhere. My (Dutch) encyclopedia (which postdates my schooldays by quite some years) says: "Generally Amsterdam is seen as the capital of the Netherlands although the seat of government is in The Hague." Note that this implies that it is not universal, nor that it would actually be correct. dik

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Re: Another capital
by Dik.Winter＠cwi.nl Sept. 28, 2000

Sept. 28, 2000

> Welkom en welkom gefeliciteerd in deez' wonderschone hoofdstad van ons land! > Congratulations! You live in the real and formal capital of the Netherlands. > The Dutch government has its seat in The Hague (Den Haag, 's-Gravenhage). Which makes it the capital by both the English meaning of the word (Webster) and the Dutch meaning of the word (van Dale). Note that when I was at school we were taught that The Hague was the capital, while the only claim to fame of Amsterdam was that Kings and Queens would be crowned there. dik

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Another capital
by Oscar van Vlijmen Sept. 28, 2000

Sept. 28, 2000

> Dik Winter: > Oh, come on. How many people in the Netherlands know the official name > of its capital? How many people not of Dutch origin know what the real > capital is? And it would seem strange to use that name in the files in > conjunction with "Amsterdam time". I am quite happy with Europe/Amsterdam, > but that is where I live of course ;-). Welkom en welkom gefeliciteerd in deez' wonderschone hoofdstad van ons land! Congratulations! You live in the real and formal capital of the Netherlands. The Dutch government has its seat in The Hague (Den Haag, 's-Gravenhage). Many globally accessible sources, e.g. the CIA World Factbook, will tell you the same. http://www.odci.gov/cia/publications/factbook/index.html Oscar van Vlijmen 2000-09-28

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Re: Eastern Peace Time
by Paul Eggert Sept. 28, 2000

Sept. 28, 2000

"Olson, Arthur David (NCI)" <olsona(a)dc37a.nci.nih.gov> writes: > Last night I heard part of a rebroadcast of a 1945 Arch Oboler radio > drama. In the introduction, Oboler spoke of "Eastern Peace Time." > An AltaVista search turned up http://rowayton.org/rhs/hstaug45.html > by way of confirmation. Peace is such a wonderful thing! We must put this into the database. > ...and presumably what's needed is a line between these two such as... > ...where h:mm is the time that the document ending the war was signed. The document was signed on September 2, but from that web page it appears that the radio was announcing "Eastern Peace Time" in August 1945. Truman officially declared V-J Day on August 15, 1945. Many people celebrate V-J day on September 2, when the documents were signed on the battleship Missouri, but that's not the right date for tz purposes. <http://www.merchant-marine.com/va--ammv.htm> says that at 0615 hours, the US Navy ordered that all offensive operations against Japan cease; this is the best time that I could find for the actual start of peace. > 1. What are the correct values for h and mm above? I would say August 15, 1945, at 06:15 -- presumably this was EWT, so the transition was at 10:15 Universal Time. # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S Rule US 1945 only - Aug 15 10:15u 1:00 P # Peace (V-J Day) I'll put this into my next proposed batch of changes.

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Re: (Cyprus), Nicosia is in Europe not Asia.
by Paul Eggert Sept. 28, 2000

Sept. 28, 2000

Antoine Leca <Antoine.Leca(a)renault.fr> writes: > Paul Eggert wrote: > > > I don't know of any current official dividing line between Europe and > > Asia [...] Geographically, Cyprus is > > clearly in Asia, and this has long been recognized. > > Sorry Paul: you are not consistent. Either you do not know of a dividing > line (as I do not, hence I do not comment on the issue). Or you do know > that "Cyprus is clearly in Asia", which in fact means that you know > of some line. What I was trying to say (perhaps infelicitously) is that the geographic dividing line is fuzzy in places (e.g. are the Mugadzhar mountains in Europe or in Asia?) but Cyprus is pretty clearly on the Asian side. Here's a quote that states things fairly accurately, I think: Geographically, Cyprus is considered to be a part of West Asia (this Mediterranean island is much closer to the mainland of Asia than to that of Europe). However, due to cultural, demographic, and historical reasons, it is often considered as a part of Europe. http://www.ozemail.com.au/~natinfo/asia3-2.htm#cyprus However, after some more research I agree that the point is disputable. In particular, the Encyclopedia Britannica flatly says that Cyprus is part of Europe. See <http://www.britannica.com/seo/e/europe/>. > The problem with Cyprus is that, at least as he said, Yiango was > unable to find Cyprus TZ because it cannot found it under > Europe/Nicosia. Yes, that's perhaps the best practical argument for putting it under Europe. I guess you have talked me into adding something like this: # Classically, Cyprus belongs to Asia; e.g. see Herodotus, Histories, I.72. # However, for various reasons many users expect to find it under Europe. Link Asia/Nicosia Europe/Nicosia

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