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[tz-announce] 2014g release of tz code and data available
by Paul Eggert Nov. 11, 2014

Nov. 11, 2014

The 2014g release of the tz code and data is available. It reflects the following changes, which were either circulated on the tz mailing list or are relatively minor technical or administrative changes: Changes affecting future time stamps Turks & Caicos is switching from US eastern time to UTC-4 year-round, modeled as a switch from EST/EDT to AST on 2014-11-02 at 02:00. Changes affecting past time stamps Time in Russia or the USSR before 1926 or so has been corrected by a few seconds in the following zones: Asia/Irkutsk, Asia/Krasnoyarsk, Asia/Omsk, Asia/Samarkand, Asia/Tbilisi, Asia/Vladivostok, Asia/Yakutsk, Europe/Riga, Europe/Samara. For Asia/Yekaterinburg the correction is a few minutes. (Thanks to Vladimir Karpinsky.) The Portuguese decree of 1911-05-26 took effect on 1912-01-01. This affects 1911 time stamps in Africa/Bissau, Africa/Luanda, Atlantic/Azores, and Atlantic/Madeira. Also, Lisbon's pre-1912 GMT offset was -0:36:45 (rounded from -0:36:44.68), not -0:36:32. (Thanks to Stephen Colebourne for pointing to the decree.) Asia/Dhaka ended DST on 2009-12-31 at 24:00, not 23:59. A new file 'backzone' contains data which may appeal to connoisseurs of old time stamps, although it is out of scope for the tz database, is often poorly sourced, and contains some data that is known to be incorrect. The new file is not recommended for ordinary use and its entries are not installed by default. (Thanks to Lester Caine for the high-quality Jersey, Guernsey, and Isle of Man entries.) Some more zones have been turned into links, when they differed from existing zones only for older time stamps. As usual, these changes affect UTC offsets in pre-1970 time stamps only. Their old contents have been moved to the 'backzone' file. The affected zones are: Africa/Bangui, Africa/Brazzaville, Africa/Douala, Africa/Kinshasa, Africa/Libreville, Africa/Luanda, Africa/Malabo, Africa/Niamey, and Africa/Porto-Novo. Changes affecting code Unless NETBSD_INSPIRED is defined to 0, the tz library now supplies functions for creating and using objects that represent time zones. The new functions are tzalloc, tzfree, localtime_rz, mktime_z, and (if STD_INSPIRED is also defined) posix2time_z and time2posix_z. They are intended for performance: for example, localtime_rz (unlike localtime_r) is trivially thread-safe without locking. (Thanks to Christos Zoulas for proposing NetBSD-inspired functions, and to Alan Barrett and Jonathan Lennox for helping to debug the change.) zdump now builds with the tz library unless USE_LTZ is defined to 0, This lets zdump use tz features even if the system library lacks them. To build zdump with the system library, use 'make CFLAGS=-DUSE_LTZ=0 TZDOBJS=zdump.o CHECK_TIME_T_ALTERNATIVES='. zdump now uses localtime_rz if available, as it's significantly faster, and it can help zdump better diagnose invalid time zone names. Define HAVE_LOCALTIME_RZ to 0 to suppress this. HAVE_LOCALTIME_RZ defaults to 1 if NETBSD_INSPIRED && USE_LTZ. When localtime_rz is not available, zdump now uses localtime_r and tzset if available, as this is a bit cleaner and faster than plain localtime. Compile with -DHAVE_LOCALTIME_R=0 and/or -DHAVE_TZSET=0 if your system lacks these two functions. If THREAD_SAFE is defined to 1, the tz library is now thread-safe. Although not needed for tz's own applications, which are single-threaded, this supports POSIX better if the tz library is used in multithreaded apps. Some crashes have been fixed when zdump or the tz library is given invalid or outlandish input. The tz library no longer mishandles leap seconds on platforms with unsigned time_t in time zones that lack ordinary transitions after 1970. The tz code now attempts to infer TM_GMTOFF and TM_ZONE if not already defined, to make it easier to configure on common platforms. Define NO_TM_GMTOFF and NO_TM_ZONE to suppress this. Unless the new macro UNINIT_TRAP is defined to 1, the tz code now assumes that reading uninitialized memory yields garbage values but does not cause other problems such as traps. If TM_GMTOFF is defined and UNINIT_TRAP is 0, mktime is now more likely to guess right for ambiguous time stamps near transitions where tm_isdst does not change. If HAVE_STRFTIME_L is defined to 1, the tz library now defines strftime_l for compatibility with recent versions of POSIX. Only the C locale is supported, though. HAVE_STRFTIME_L defaults to 1 on recent POSIX versions, and to 0 otherwise. tzselect -c now uses a hybrid distance measure that works better in Africa. (Thanks to Alan Barrett for noting the problem.) The C source code now ports to NetBSD when GCC_DEBUG_FLAGS is used, or when time_tz is defined. When HAVE_UTMPX_H is set the 'date' command now builds on systems whose <utmpx.h> file does not define WTMPX_FILE, and when setting the date it updates the wtmpx file if _PATH_WTMPX is defined. This affects GNU/Linux and similar systems. For easier maintenance later, some C code has been simplified, some lint has been removed, and the code has been tweaked so that plain 'make' is more likely to work. The C type 'bool' is now used for boolean values, instead of 'int'. The long-obsolete LOCALE_HOME code has been removed. The long-obsolete 'gtime' function has been removed. Changes affecting build procedure 'zdump' no longer links in ialloc.o, as it's not needed. 'make check_time_t_alternatives' no longer assumes GNU diff. Changes affecting distribution tarballs The files checktab.awk and zoneinfo2tdf.pl are now distributed in the tzdata tarball instead of the tzcode tarball, since they help maintain the data. The NEWS and Theory files are now also distributed in the tzdata tarball, as they're relevant for data. (Thanks to Alan Barrett for pointing this out.) Also, the leapseconds.awk file is no longer distributed in the tzcode tarball, since it belongs in the tzdata tarball (where 2014f inadvertently also distributed it). Changes affecting documentation and commentary A new file CONTRIBUTING is distributed. (Thanks to Tim Parenti for suggesting a CONTRIBUTING file, and to Tony Finch and Walter Harms for debugging it.) The man pages have been updated to use function prototypes, to document thread-safe variants like localtime_r, and to document the NetBSD-inspired functions tzalloc, tzfree, localtime_rz, and mktime_z. The fields in Link lines have been renamed to be more descriptive and more like the parameters of 'ln'. LINK-FROM has become TARGET, and LINK-TO has become LINK-NAME. tz-link.htm mentions the IETF's tzdist working group; Windows Runtime etc. (thanks to Matt Johnson); and HP-UX's tztab. Some broken URLs have been fixed in the commentary. (Thanks to Lester Caine.) Commentary about Philippines DST has been updated, and commentary on pre-1970 time in India has been added. Here are links to the release files: ftp://ftp.iana.org/tz/releases/tzcode2014g.tar.gz ftp://ftp.iana.org/tz/releases/tzdata2014g.tar.gz The files are also available via HTTP as follows: http://www.iana.org/time-zones/repository/releases/tzcode2014g.tar.gz http://www.iana.org/time-zones/repository/releases/tzdata2014g.tar.gz Each release file has a GPG signature, which can be retrieved by appending ".asc" to the above URLs. Copies of these signatures are appended to this message. As usual, links to the latest release files are here: http://www.iana.org/time-zones/repository/tzcode-latest.tar.gz http://www.iana.org/time-zones/repository/tzdata-latest.tar.gz ftp://ftp.iana.org/tz/tzcode-latest.tar.gz ftp://ftp.iana.org/tz/tzdata-latest.tar.gz This release corresponds to commit 9cd0541edf0bbca453e1b97749c5e68a1d6ab7db dated Thu Aug 28 12:31:23 2014 -0700 and tagged '2014g' in the unofficial github repository at <https://github.com/eggert/tz>. Here are the GPG checksums for the release files: -----BEGIN PGP SIGNATURE----- Version: GnuPG v1 iQIcBAABAgAGBQJT/4QTAAoJEO2X6Q5iqn40ZIIP/jBHBnGpJBfbeoHPZ7NnQrw7 uXJEtM5GpBj7Rw+PuEyzQSW7/jEKOYwE0dyeVxgLEqDJDIuOk5uOeUqneh1sr5ww vrCy04Iuoyb/XpgvFpX1enmLDgEaK8n3vA4LekdMl7LlGYX00c2TdRi8Ees2V1yN D3d2wz9khU59M3grEh/PMY6CxvyW9HlMdGOQlzkbjxQhfec0RZPutUNnBczslA0+ fFVvpabeJMisVV10pd6N5dnYsk12UsPxKYTgrjSZruzrC8uDmm86O4OwKD3kGW9y AjeFCDSxPMBUNZnIFhuFuYPFY+jamMTMHOdjwb6sYnTPJU6P4QjPN0wUpRHih3e9 1Vvc0wJ2iYMBFotf1BWqTldMcKMTqWqYRdahJTxqtN6gQGcpGONs1+insrNK1pkQ ZyW+LSNuPcspPsR/9ohrZxJCS85CIIAye42kVMxKxETLVeG114u8tV+JUYyEs2nL nf766m3wIPstIKYzaICprTRdoxQ4y9X4wpL7dxaGJg0rimkhTDDG8xtV/J4plMhH VC06YRfmuAvjREXG07PV+sCZAqL+zHtIurrTSK6Z3LdEFdH3aU/9GRObDWzvWw4u U3nW2k2azTum+WfWfkDd0chyOKTE+TeATYrgvYjqpeFJOMTcpM8l96lhxYNSpshi G1g80KANNZL6yAmYj9tY =lQFS -----END PGP SIGNATURE----- -----BEGIN PGP SIGNATURE----- Version: GnuPG v1 iQIcBAABAgAGBQJT/4QTAAoJEO2X6Q5iqn40+wgQAJEsXlNnQFrqSg6Q0+/Ro80y oZ9aflOuMvgujhtdZm4bW3A4vfqMEEXwL9mJP5numNsW3qobNb2GW4kIa9EhKdeJ rUqz7XdOytSoL8GY/TSpmQdRG4aiyTlWEnZX0R8BqC4U0MiORkViuAHyu2qVGOFX c7zXtp6+C9DXuooRdn8o98ANfBSLjEJ4FM6JVpfJQFKohancX0Gprhq7KkCkK0Fu Nt78E8WchU1ZYGQ15cxrDzV2kdAqQfKWxLd9iLdaKQlvpyiHAPHvMI6BwVn7CHqN CcYby73BE6Y1H5Yd352UUYrW4dpIVtUpNOejXDcNqEVA801mBu/tUUXFivtFj+d2 1VAMf7OVdvnlqqaQnUGDS0WEOXdPrKZEUvbU9/JFfXsdnpNlfkuEYPuj5yiNu6jl mLLoMlfIG4iIIwpRIVsS5nIG34mP0VnMQsJrGkc/DxvSuzhNA2+lX7j9Uxvhwhj2 NSNJkFRXE4S6ambBe9tnDMzKZPaRV31nzUl4trqU4dDxm3iYhWQfbNQYbpQlhC5Q 6spnOha0LVdtFdk2lvDo1DSDrNFG24KfmzeLpSL0IlePgBPpRllXjl9KfuNTwGWU dshrzMV60RTIJa8Vc6JsJKgNKJofV433AR/jQnF6wjPbdn6LFRKUigJMM72T08hR K9RHYtub4GE2zmK+HN7h =cp2D -----END PGP SIGNATURE----- _______________________________________________ tz-announce mailing list tz-announce(a)iana.org https://mm.icann.org/mailman/listinfo/tz-announce

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America/Grand_Turk (Turks and Caicos)
by Chris Walton Nov. 10, 2014

Nov. 10, 2014

I am suspicious that the current time zone rules for Turks and Caicos may be wrong. In August of this year, the TCI Government did make plans to be on "permanent daylight saving time". This would have meant that the clocks should not have changed Nov 2/2014. This is properly modeled in the current TZ rules as permanent Atlantic Standard Time (AST) starting Nov 2/2014. http://tcweeklynews.com/daylight-savings-time-to-be-maintained-p5353-127.htm http://tcweeklynews.com/daylight-saving-time-p5360-144.htm In September of this year, the TCI government appears to have delayed the switch to "permanent daylight saving time" by one year. This means Turks and Caicos should theoretically be running on Eastern Standard Time (EST) now. The switch to AST should presumably start on Nov 1/2015. http://tcweeklynews.com/time-change-to-go-ahead-this-november-p5437-127.htm I think this website may have more info, but currently it is non-functional. http://www.gov.tc/pressoffice/ -chris

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[PROPOSED PATCH] * tz-link.htm: Modernize some more URLs.
by Paul Eggert Nov. 9, 2014

Nov. 9, 2014

--- tz-link.htm | 39 +++++++++++++++++++-------------------- 1 file changed, 19 insertions(+), 20 deletions(-) diff --git a/tz-link.htm b/tz-link.htm index 6b57415..444ef94 100644 --- a/tz-link.htm +++ b/tz-link.htm @@ -8,7 +8,7 @@ <meta http-equiv="Content-type" content='text/html; charset="UTF-8"'> <meta name="DC.Creator" content="Eggert, Paul"> <meta name="DC.Contributor" content="Olson, Arthur David"> -<meta name="DC.Date" content="2014-11-02"> +<meta name="DC.Date" content="2014-11-09"> <meta name="DC.Description" content="Sources of information about time zones and daylight saving time"> <meta name="DC.Identifier" @@ -312,7 +312,7 @@ the <abbr>MIT</abbr> license.</li> </ul> <li><a href="http://pytz.sourceforge.net">pytz – World Timezone Definitions for Python</a> compiles <code><abbr>tz</abbr></code> source into -<a href="http://python.org">Python</a>. +<a href="https://www.python.org">Python</a>. It is freely available under a <abbr>BSD</abbr>-style license.</li> <li><a href="http://tzinfo.github.io">TZInfo – Ruby Timezone Library</a> @@ -377,15 +377,15 @@ available under a BSD-style license.</li> </ul> <h2>Other <code><abbr>tz</abbr></code>-based time zone software</h2> <ul> -<li><a href="http://foxclocks.org">FoxClocks</a> -is an extension for <a href="http://google.com/chrome">Google +<li><a href="https://foxclocks.org">FoxClocks</a> +is an extension for <a href="http://google.com/chrome/">Google Chrome</a> and for <a -href="http://developer.mozilla.org/en/docs/Toolkit_API">Mozilla +href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Mozilla/Tech/Toolkit_API">Mozilla Toolkit</a> applications like <a -href="http://mozilla.com/firefox">Firefox</a> and <a -href="http://mozilla.com/thunderbird">Thunderbird</a>. +href="https://www.mozilla.org/en-US/firefox/new/">Firefox</a> and <a +href="https://www.mozilla.org/en-US/thunderbird/">Thunderbird</a>. It displays multiple clocks in the application window, and has a mapping -interface to <a href="http://earth.google.com">Google Earth</a>. +interface to <a href="http://www.google.com/earth/">Google Earth</a>. It is freely available under the <abbr>GPL</abbr>.</li> <li><a href="http://golang.org">Go programming language</a> implementations contain a copy of a 32-bit subset of a recent @@ -409,18 +409,18 @@ the older, proprietary method of Microsoft Windows 2000 and later, which stores time zone data in the <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Windows_Registry">Windows Registry</a>. The <a -href="http://unicode.org/cldr/charts/supplemental/zone_tzid.html">Zone → +href="http://www.unicode.org/cldr/charts/latest/supplemental/zone_tzid.html">Zone → Tzid table</a> or <a href="http://unicode.org/repos/cldr/trunk/common/supplemental/windowsZones.xml"><abbr>XML</abbr> file</a> of the <abbr>CLDR</abbr> data maps proprietary zone IDs to <code><abbr>tz</abbr></code> names. <li><a -href="http://www.oracle.com/us/technologies/java/overview/index.html">Oracle +href="https://www.oracle.com/java/index.html">Oracle Java</a> contains a copy of a subset of a recent <code><abbr>tz</abbr></code> database in a Java-specific format.</li> -<li><a href="http://kimmo.suominen.com/sw/timezone/">Time Zone</a> is -a <a href="http://wordpress.org">WordPress</a> plugin. It is freely +<li><a href="https://kimmo.suominen.com/sw/timezone/">Time Zone</a> is +a <a href="https://wordpress.org">WordPress</a> plugin. It is freely available under a <abbr>BSD</abbr>-style license.</li> <li><a href="http://www.relativedata.com/time-zone-master">Time Zone Master</a> is a Microsoft Windows clock program that can automatically @@ -447,7 +447,7 @@ href="http://astrocom.com">Astro Computing Services</a>. These atlases are extensive but unreliable, as Shanks appears to have guessed many <abbr>UT</abbr> offsets and transitions. The atlases cite no sources and do not indicate which entries are guesswork.</li> -<li><a href="http://www.hp.com/go/hpux/">HP-UX</a> has a database in +<li><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/HP-UX">HP-UX</a> has a database in its own <code>tztab</code>(4) format.</li> <li>Microsoft Windows has proprietary data mentioned above.</li> <li><a href="http://worldtimeserver.com">World Time Server</a> @@ -457,13 +457,12 @@ contains data from the Time Service Department of the <abbr>US</abbr> Naval Observatory.</li> <li>The <a href="http://www.iata.org/publications/Pages/ssim.aspx">Standard Schedules Information Manual</a> of the -<a href="http://iata.org">International Air Transport -Association</a> +International Air Transport Association gives current time zone rules for airports served by commercial aviation.</li> </ul> <h2>Maps</h2> <ul> -<li>The <a href="https://www.cia.gov">United States Central +<li>The <a href="https://www.cia.gov/index.html">United States Central Intelligence Agency (<abbr title="Central Intelligence Agency">CIA</abbr>)</a> publishes a <a href="https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/graphics/ref_ma…">time @@ -485,7 +484,7 @@ but the maps are more up to date.</li> <li><a href="http://poisson.phc.unipi.it/~maggiolo/index.php/2014/01/how-much-is-time-wr…">How much is time wrong around the world?</a> maps the difference between mean solar and standard time, highlighting areas such as western China -where the two differ greatly.</li> +where the two differ greatly. It's a bit out of date, unfortunately.</li> </ul> <h2>Time zone boundaries</h2> <ul> @@ -684,7 +683,7 @@ Bulletins</a> contains official publications of the International Earth Rotation and Reference Systems Service, which decides when leap seconds occur.</li> <li>The <a -href="http://six.pairlist.net/mailman/listinfo/leapsecs">Leap +href="https://pairlist6.pair.net/mailman/listinfo/leapsecs">Leap Second Discussion List</a> covers <a href="http://gauss.gge.unb.ca/papers.pdf/gpsworld.november99.pdf">McCarthy and Klepczynski's proposal to discontinue leap seconds</a>, @@ -698,7 +697,7 @@ contentious issue.</li> </ul> <h2>Time notation</h2> <ul> -<li>The <a href="http://unicode.org/cldr/">Unicode Common Locale Data +<li>The <a href="http://cldr.unicode.org">Unicode Common Locale Data Repository (<abbr>CLDR</abbr>) Project</a> has localizations for time zone names, abbreviations, identifiers, and formats. For example, it contains French translations for "Eastern European Summer Time", @@ -775,7 +774,7 @@ is called "<abbr>GMT</abbr>".</li> <li><a href="tz-art.htm">Time and the Arts</a></li> <li><a href="http://www.dmoz.org/Reference/Time/">Open Directory – Reference: Time</a></li> -<li><a href="http://dir.yahoo.com/Science/Measurements_and_Units/Time">Yahoo! +<li><a href="https://dir.yahoo.com/science/measurements_and_units/time">Yahoo! Directory > Science > Measurements and Units > Time</a></li> </ul> <hr> -- 2.1.0

1 0

zone.tab question
by Heuft, Rick (GE Energy Management, Non-GE) Nov. 9, 2014

Nov. 9, 2014

Hi Paul. I just downloaded the 2014-07-31 tz database and noticed an anomaly. The first line is not in alphabetic order by TZ. AD +4230+00131 Europe/Andorra Is this intended? Rick Heuft Firmware Design Engineer (P.Eng.) GE Energy Services Digital Energy T +1 604 421 8603 rick.heuft(a)ge.com<mailto:rick.heuft@ge.com> Suite 100, 8525 Baxter Place Burnaby, British Columbia V5A 4V7 Canada GE imagination at work Unsubscribe from our commercial electronic messages. http://supportcentral.ge.com/esurvey/takesurvey.asp?p=17778&d=3834102 Désabonner de nos messages électroniques commerciaux. http://supportcentral.ge.com/esurvey/takesurvey.asp?p=17778&d=3839563

2 1

Russian time zone rules change
by Carl Rigg Nov. 6, 2014

Nov. 6, 2014

My apologies if this is not the correct way to notify this change [please let me know what I should have done]. In 2010 President Medvedev passed an act to introduce permanent Summer Time in Russia, effective March 2011 [according to the normal DST switching rules]. In 2014 this act was repealed, so that the normal DST switch back to standard time occurred on the last Sunday in October 2014. The new act eliminates future DST switching. The new act applies to all Russian time zones. This means that Moscow Time is now fixed at 3 hours ahead of UTC. I looked on iana.org and the last released version of tzdata is tzdata2014i but it still contains the Medvedev act rules and not the state of affairs since Oct 26, 2014. Thanks Carl

4 4

historic sub-second time offsets
by Steve Allen Nov. 6, 2014

Nov. 6, 2014

>From their inception the International Time Bureau (BIH) produced records of the deviations between various time sources. I have a sampling of those BIH publications from 1960 in images here https://plus.google.com/photos/112320138481375234766/albums/607822573135022… 1960 is after the availability of cesium atomic chronometers and during the era when Heure Definitive was UT2. These pages include part of the initial attempt to "coordinate" radio broadcasts between the US NBS station WWV and the UK NPL station MSF. They include time offset plots for various observatories for the entire year of 1960, and a couple of pages of the radio broadcast offsets for the end of the year. Also note that these data were not published until as much as a year after the measurements, and only then could one know what time it should have been. >From the turn of the 20th century it was agreed that everyone would use the same the technical basis for determining civil time, but the quality of time available in any particular place depended on available resources and training, so the implementation was imperfect. In many countries the observatory time was the legal time, and the broadcast time signals were, practically, the official time. Plowing through these historic records of time offsets only makes sense for projects such as re-reducing occultation data. The tz database has always eschewed sub-second offsets. The data on these pages show part of why that is a good thing. -- Steve Allen <sla(a)ucolick.org> WGS-84 (GPS) UCO/Lick Observatory--ISB Natural Sciences II, Room 165 Lat +36.99855 1156 High Street Voice: +1 831 459 3046 Lng -122.06015 Santa Cruz, CA 95064 http://www.ucolick.org/~sla/ Hgt +250 m

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Re: [tz] [Patch] Make it slightly easier to parse tzdata
by random832＠fastmail.us Nov. 4, 2014

Nov. 4, 2014

On Sat, Nov 1, 2014, at 16:24, Paul Eggert wrote: > Brian Inglis wrote: > > This would require a tradeoff between the compiled sizes of the > > decompressors on your platform and the compressed data: > > 94K tz.tar.xz > > We can shrink it even further than that, as follows: This requires embedding zic, though. I got the impression his post was about compressing the compiled zoneinfo files (which are, after all, what is required by the library functions)

4 8

[PROPOSED PATCH] * tz-link.htm: Modernize URLs a bit. Omit unnecessary trailing slashes.
by Paul Eggert Nov. 3, 2014

Nov. 3, 2014

--- tz-link.htm | 96 ++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++------------------------------- 1 file changed, 48 insertions(+), 48 deletions(-) diff --git a/tz-link.htm b/tz-link.htm index 0dbd1b0..6b57415 100644 --- a/tz-link.htm +++ b/tz-link.htm @@ -8,7 +8,7 @@ <meta http-equiv="Content-type" content='text/html; charset="UTF-8"'> <meta name="DC.Creator" content="Eggert, Paul"> <meta name="DC.Contributor" content="Olson, Arthur David"> -<meta name="DC.Date" content="2014-10-31"> +<meta name="DC.Date" content="2014-11-02"> <meta name="DC.Description" content="Sources of information about time zones and daylight saving time"> <meta name="DC.Identifier" @@ -27,7 +27,7 @@ for many representative locations around the globe. It is updated periodically to reflect changes made by political bodies to <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Time_zone">time zone</a> boundaries and -<a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Daylight_saving">daylight-saving</a> +<a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Daylight_saving_time">daylight-saving</a> rules. This database (often called <code>zoneinfo</code> or <code><abbr>tz</abbr></code>) @@ -36,15 +36,15 @@ including <a href="http://www.gnu.org/software/libc/">the <abbr title="GNU's Not Unix">GNU</abbr> C Library</a> (used in -<a href="http://www.linux.org/"><abbr>GNU</abbr>/Linux</a>), -<a href="http://www.android.com/">Android</a>, -<a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Mozilla/Firefox_OS">Firefox +<a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Linux"><abbr>GNU</abbr>/Linux</a>), +<a href="http://www.android.com">Android</a>, +<a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/Firefox_OS">Firefox <abbr title="Operating System">OS</abbr></a>, -<a href="http://www.freebsd.org/">Free<abbr +<a href="https://www.freebsd.org">Free<abbr title="Berkeley Software Distribution">BSD</abbr></a>, -<a href="http://netbsd.org/">Net<abbr>BSD</abbr></a>, -<a href="http://openbsd.org/">Open<abbr>BSD</abbr></a>, -<a href="http://cygwin.com/">Cygwin</a>, +<a href="http://netbsd.org">Net<abbr>BSD</abbr></a>, +<a href="http://openbsd.org">Open<abbr>BSD</abbr></a>, +<a href="https://cygwin.com">Cygwin</a>, <a href="http://www.delorie.com/djgpp/"><abbr title="DJ's GNU Programming Platform">DJGPP</abbr></a>, <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Symbian">Symbian</a>, @@ -55,13 +55,13 @@ title="Advanced Interactive eXecutive">AIX</abbr></a>, <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/BlackBerry_10">BlackBerry 10</a>, <a href="http://www.apple.com/ios/"><abbr title="iPhone OS">iOS</abbr></a>, -<a href="http://windows.microsoft.com/">Microsoft Windows</a>, -<a href="http://h71000.www7.hp.com/">Open<abbr +<a href="http://windows.microsoft.com">Microsoft Windows</a>, +<a href="http://h71000.www7.hp.com">Open<abbr title="Virtual Memory System">VMS</abbr></a>, -<a href="http://oracle.com/database">Oracle Database</a>, +<a href="https://www.oracle.com/database/index.html">Oracle Database</a>, +<a href="http://oracle.com/solaris">Oracle Solaris</a>, and <a href="http://www.apple.com/osx/"><abbr title="Operating System Ten">OS -X</abbr></a>, and -<a href="http://oracle.com/solaris">Solaris</a>.</p> +X</abbr></a>.</p> <p> Each location in the database represents a region where all clocks keeping local time have agreed since 1970. @@ -130,8 +130,8 @@ of the <a href="http://www.iana.org">Internet Assigned Numbers Authority (IANA)</a>. An <a href="https://github.com/eggert/tz">unofficial development repository</a> of the code and data is available -in <a href="http://git-scm.com/">Git</a> form -from <a href="https://github.com/">GitHub</a>; be careful, as this +in <a href="http://git-scm.com">Git</a> form +from <a href="https://github.com">GitHub</a>; be careful, as this repository is less well tested and probably contains more errors. <p> The code lets you compile the <code><abbr>tz</abbr></code> source files into @@ -173,7 +173,7 @@ database's style.</li> These are listed roughly in ascending order of complexity and fanciness. </p> <ul> -<li><a href="http://time.is/">Time.is</a> shows locations' +<li><a href="http://time.is">Time.is</a> shows locations' time and zones in a simple format.</li> <li><a href="http://twiki.org/cgi-bin/xtra/tzdatepick.html">Date and Time Gateway</a> @@ -188,25 +188,25 @@ uses a pulldown menu.</li> timezone information for all countries</a> displays tables of DST rules. <li><a href="http://timeanddate.com/worldclock/">The World Clock – Time Zones</a> lets you sort zone names and convert times.</li> -<li><a href="http://permatime.com/">Permatime</a> generates and views +<li><a href="http://permatime.com">Permatime</a> generates and views links that refer to a particular point in time and can be displayed in multiple time zones.</li> <li><a href="http://www.zeitverschiebung.net/en/">Time Difference</a> calculates the current time difference between locations.</li> -<li><a href="http://www.wx-now.com/">Weather Now</a> lists the weather too.</li> -<li><a href="http://worldtime.io/">worldtime.io</a> +<li><a href="http://www.wx-now.com">Weather Now</a> lists the weather too.</li> +<li><a href="http://worldtime.io">worldtime.io</a> also contains data about time zone boundaries; it supports queries via place names and shows location maps.</li> </ul> <h2>Network protocols for <code><abbr>tz</abbr></code> data</h2> <ul> -<li>The <a href="http://www.ietf.org/">Internet Engineering Task Force</a>'s -<a href="https://datatracker.ietf.org/wg/tzdist/charter/">Time Zone Data +<li>The <a href="http://www.ietf.org">Internet Engineering Task Force</a>'s +<a href="http://datatracker.ietf.org/wg/tzdist/charter/">Time Zone Data Distribution Service (tzdist) working group</a> is developing a scalable protocol for distributing time zone data to clients. It has generated a a <a href="http://datatracker.ietf.org/doc/draft-ietf-tzdist-service/">draft protocol for transferring time zone data</a> and a <a -href="https://datatracker.ietf.org/doc/draft-ietf-tzdist-caldav-timezone-ref/">draft +href="http://datatracker.ietf.org/doc/draft-ietf-tzdist-caldav-timezone-ref/">draft protocol for transferring time zone data by reference</a>. This work is based on the iCalendar and CalConnect efforts described below.</li> <li>The <a href="http://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc5545"> @@ -221,9 +221,9 @@ variant <a href="http://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc6321">xCal</a> title="Extensible Markup Language">XML</abbr></a> format, and a variant <a href="http://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc7265">jCal</a> (Internet <abbr>RFC</abbr> 7265) -uses <a href="http://www.json.org/"><abbr +uses <a href="http://www.json.org"><abbr title="JavaScript Object Notation">JSON</abbr></a> format. -<a href="http://calconnect.org/">CalConnect, The Calendaring and Scheduling +<a href="http://calconnect.org">CalConnect, The Calendaring and Scheduling Consortium</a> is promoting further work in this area. <a href="http://calconnect.org/publications/icalendartimezoneproblemsandrecommendati…">iCalendar TIMEZONE Problems and Recommendations</a> offers guidelines and @@ -266,14 +266,14 @@ and with a <abbr>BSD</abbr>-style license.</li> <li><a href="http://search.cpan.org/dist/DateTime-TimeZone/">DateTime::TimeZone</a> contains a script <code>parse_olson</code> that compiles -<code><abbr>tz</abbr></code> source into <a href="http://www.perl.org/">Perl</a> +<code><abbr>tz</abbr></code> source into <a href="http://www.perl.org">Perl</a> modules. It is part of the Perl <a -href="http://datetime.perl.org/">DateTime Project</a>, which is freely +href="http://datetime.perl.org">DateTime Project</a>, which is freely available under both the <abbr>GPL</abbr> and the Perl Artistic License. DateTime::TimeZone also contains a script <code>tests_from_zdump</code> that generates test cases for each clock transition in the <code><abbr>tz</abbr></code> database.</li> -<li><a href="http://icu-project.org/">International Components for +<li><a href="http://icu-project.org">International Components for Unicode (<abbr>ICU</abbr>)</a> contains C/C++ and <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Java_%28programming_language%29">Java</a> libraries for internationalization that @@ -289,7 +289,7 @@ contains a class <code>org.joda.time.tz.ZoneInfoCompiler</code> that compiles <code><abbr>tz</abbr></code> source into a Joda-specific binary format. Joda Time is freely available under a <abbr>BSD</abbr>-style license.</li> -<li><a href="http://nodatime.org/">Noda Time – Date and time API for +<li><a href="http://nodatime.org">Noda Time – Date and time API for .NET</a> and <a href="http://www.babiej.demon.nl/Tz4Net/main.htm">TZ4Net</a> are similar to Joda Time, but for the .NET framework instead of Java. They are freely available under the @@ -299,7 +299,7 @@ and a <abbr>BSD</abbr>-style license, respectively.</li> compilers and libraries include: <ul> <li><a href="http://momentjs.com/timezone/">Moment Timezone</a> is a -plugin for the <a href="http://momentjs.com/">Moment.js</a> date +plugin for the <a href="http://momentjs.com">Moment.js</a> date manipulation library. It is freely available under the <abbr title="Massachusetts Institute of Technology">MIT</abbr> license.</li> @@ -312,9 +312,9 @@ the <abbr>MIT</abbr> license.</li> </ul> <li><a href="http://pytz.sourceforge.net">pytz – World Timezone Definitions for Python</a> compiles <code><abbr>tz</abbr></code> source into -<a href="http://python.org/">Python</a>. +<a href="http://python.org">Python</a>. It is freely available under a <abbr>BSD</abbr>-style license.</li> -<li><a href="http://tzinfo.github.io/">TZInfo – +<li><a href="http://tzinfo.github.io">TZInfo – Ruby Timezone Library</a> compiles <code><abbr>tz</abbr></code> source into <a href="http://www.ruby-lang.org/en/">Ruby</a>. @@ -326,7 +326,7 @@ library that compiles <code><abbr>tz</abbr></code> source into a time zone repository whose format is either proprietary or an <abbr>XML</abbr>-encoded representation.</li> -<li><a href="http://tcl.tk/">Tcl</a> +<li><a href="http://tcl.tk">Tcl</a> contains a developer-oriented parser that compiles <code><abbr>tz</abbr></code> source into text files, along with a runtime that can read those files. Tcl is freely available under a <abbr>BSD</abbr>-style @@ -344,7 +344,7 @@ This library is freely available under the <abbr>GNU</abbr> Lesser General Public License (<abbr title="Lesser General Public License">LGPL</abbr>)</a>, and is widely used in <abbr>GNU</abbr>/Linux systems.</li> -<li><a href="http://www.gnome.org/">GNOME</a>'s Glib has +<li><a href="http://www.gnome.org">GNOME</a>'s Glib has a <code><abbr>tz</abbr></code> binary file reader written in C that creates a <code>GTimeZone</code> object representing sets of <abbr>UT</abbr> offsets. @@ -377,7 +377,7 @@ available under a BSD-style license.</li> </ul> <h2>Other <code><abbr>tz</abbr></code>-based time zone software</h2> <ul> -<li><a href="http://foxclocks.org/">FoxClocks</a> +<li><a href="http://foxclocks.org">FoxClocks</a> is an extension for <a href="http://google.com/chrome">Google Chrome</a> and for <a href="http://developer.mozilla.org/en/docs/Toolkit_API">Mozilla @@ -385,9 +385,9 @@ Toolkit</a> applications like <a href="http://mozilla.com/firefox">Firefox</a> and <a href="http://mozilla.com/thunderbird">Thunderbird</a>. It displays multiple clocks in the application window, and has a mapping -interface to <a href="http://earth.google.com/">Google Earth</a>. +interface to <a href="http://earth.google.com">Google Earth</a>. It is freely available under the <abbr>GPL</abbr>.</li> -<li><a href="http://golang.org/">Go programming language</a> +<li><a href="http://golang.org">Go programming language</a> implementations contain a copy of a 32-bit subset of a recent <code><abbr>tz</abbr></code> database in a Go-specific format.</li> @@ -420,7 +420,7 @@ Java</a> contains a copy of a subset of a recent <code><abbr>tz</abbr></code> database in a Java-specific format.</li> <li><a href="http://kimmo.suominen.com/sw/timezone/">Time Zone</a> is -a <a href="http://wordpress.org/">WordPress</a> plugin. It is freely +a <a href="http://wordpress.org">WordPress</a> plugin. It is freely available under a <abbr>BSD</abbr>-style license.</li> <li><a href="http://www.relativedata.com/time-zone-master">Time Zone Master</a> is a Microsoft Windows clock program that can automatically @@ -443,27 +443,27 @@ href="http://www.astrocom.com/astrology/books/american-atlas">one volume for the <abbr>US</abbr></a>, and <a href="http://www.astrocom.com/astrology/books/international-atlas">one for other locations</a>) by <a -href="http://astrocom.com/">Astro Computing Services</a>. +href="http://astrocom.com">Astro Computing Services</a>. These atlases are extensive but unreliable, as Shanks appears to have guessed many <abbr>UT</abbr> offsets and transitions. The atlases cite no sources and do not indicate which entries are guesswork.</li> <li><a href="http://www.hp.com/go/hpux/">HP-UX</a> has a database in its own <code>tztab</code>(4) format.</li> <li>Microsoft Windows has proprietary data mentioned above.</li> -<li><a href="http://worldtimeserver.com/">World Time Server</a> +<li><a href="http://worldtimeserver.com">World Time Server</a> is another time zone database.</li> <li><a href="http://tycho.usno.navy.mil/tzones.html">World Time Zones</a> contains data from the Time Service Department of the <abbr>US</abbr> Naval Observatory.</li> <li>The <a href="http://www.iata.org/publications/Pages/ssim.aspx">Standard Schedules Information Manual</a> of the -<a href="http://iata.org/">International Air Transport +<a href="http://iata.org">International Air Transport Association</a> gives current time zone rules for airports served by commercial aviation.</li> </ul> <h2>Maps</h2> <ul> -<li>The <a href="https://www.cia.gov/">United States Central +<li>The <a href="https://www.cia.gov">United States Central Intelligence Agency (<abbr title="Central Intelligence Agency">CIA</abbr>)</a> publishes a <a href="https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/graphics/ref_ma…">time @@ -476,7 +476,7 @@ recent editions. The pictorial quality is good, but the maps do not indicate summer time, and parts of the data are a few years out of date.</li> -<li><a href="http://worldtimezone.com/">Current time around the world +<li><a href="http://worldtimezone.com">Current time around the world and standard time zones map of the world</a> has several fancy time zone maps; it covers Russia particularly well. The maps' pictorial quality is not quite as good as the @@ -497,7 +497,7 @@ sets of <code><abbr>tz</abbr></code> regions.</li> maps geographical coordinates to a <code><abbr>tz</abbr></code> region. It is written in Go and is freely available under the Apache License.</li> <li><a href="http://derickrethans.nl/what-time-is-it.html">What Time -is It Here?</a> applies <a href="http://www.mongodb.org/">MongoDB</a> +is It Here?</a> applies <a href="http://www.mongodb.org">MongoDB</a> geospatial query operators to shapefiles' data.</li> <li><a href="http://statoids.com/statoids.html">Administrative Divisions of Countries ("Statoids")</a> contains lists of @@ -623,7 +623,7 @@ of Summer time dates</a>.</dd> href="http://literature.agilent.com/litweb/pdf/5965-7984E.pdf">The Science of Timekeeping</a> is a thorough introduction to the theory and practice of precision timekeeping.</li> -<li><a href="http://www.ntp.org/"><abbr +<li><a href="http://www.ntp.org"><abbr title="Network Time Protocol">NTP</abbr>: The Network Time Protocol</a> discusses how to synchronize clocks of @@ -653,9 +653,9 @@ Times</a> explains more abstruse astronomical time scales like <abbr title="Barycentric Dynamic Time">TDB</abbr>. <a href="http://www.ucolick.org/~sla/leapsecs/timescales.html">Time Scales</a> goes into more detail, particularly for historical variants.</li> -<li>The <a href="http://iau.org/"><abbr +<li>The <a href="http://iau.org"><abbr title="International Astronomical Union">IAU</abbr></a>'s <a -href="http://www.iausofa.org/"><abbr +href="http://www.iausofa.org"><abbr title="Standards Of Fundamental Astronomy">SOFA</abbr></a> collection contains C and <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fortran">Fortran</a> @@ -673,7 +673,7 @@ describes Mars Coordinated Time (<abbr title="Mars Coordinated Time">MTC</abbr>) and the diverse local time scales used by each landed mission on Mars.</li> -<li><a href="http://leapsecond.com/">LeapSecond.com</a> is +<li><a href="http://leapsecond.com">LeapSecond.com</a> is dedicated not only to leap seconds but to precise time and frequency in general. It covers the state of the art in amateur timekeeping, and how the art has progressed over the past few decades.</li> -- 1.9.1

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time zone for Moscow time
by Mike Cantrell Nov. 3, 2014

Nov. 3, 2014

Hello, I'm not sure who to send this to, but a quick check on the internet indicates you're the ones --- I use a browser plugin (FoxClocks) which pulls information from the tz database, which I believe you keep. I noticed that Moscow time has not changed. Over a week ago, all of Russia went to 'winter time', falling back an hour, and has said that it will never go to summer time again. It appears that this change has not been entered into the database. Thank you for the effort to keep track of all this. All the best - Mike Cantrell

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[Patch] Make it slightly easier to parse tzdata
by Ed Schouten Nov. 2, 2014

Nov. 2, 2014

Hi there, Right now I am experimenting with trying to integrate the tzdata dataset into an embedded setup where I am not able to use zic(8) + /usr/share/zoneinfo. To summarize, my plan is to translate the entire tzdata into a set of C array/structure initializers (~50 KB for all timezones) and perform operations on those structures directly. While writing a Python script to translate the data, I noticed that there is a very small number of directives that would require quite a lot of additional code to parse properly. For example, "lastSun" makes a lot of sense as a special keyword in "Rule" directives, but it provides no functional gain in "Zone" directives. The same holds for the use of the "Dec 29 24:00" time used in Samoa's timezone. We should be able to use "Dec 30" instead, right? Anyway, I've attached a patch that should make it slightly easier to parse the tzdata files by removing these constructs. This should make it easier for people to reuse the dataset for other purposes. Thanks, -- Ed Schouten <ed(a)80386.nl>

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