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Daylight Savings Time in Fiji Islands
by Shalvin Narayan Oct. 28, 2022

Oct. 28, 2022

Hi Contributors, Please note that there will not be any daylight savings time change in Fiji for 2022-2023. As per current tzdata, the time is scheduled to be changed on 13 November and moved back on 15 January. However, as per the government announcement, it will not be the case and they have canceled the DST change. You can find the announcement on: https://www.facebook.com/FijianGovernment/posts/pfbid0mmWVTYmTibn66ybpFda75… Requesting if the updated tzdata package can be provided so the patch can be implemented in the system and reflected in global time and data systems. zdump -v Pacific/Fiji | grep 2022 zdump: warning: zone "Pacific/Fiji" abbreviation "+12" lacks alphabetic at start Pacific/Fiji Sat Jan 15 13:59:59 2022 UTC = Sun Jan 16 02:59:59 2022 +13 isdst=1 gmtoff=46800 Pacific/Fiji Sat Jan 15 14:00:00 2022 UTC = Sun Jan 16 02:00:00 2022 +12 isdst=0 gmtoff=43200 Pacific/Fiji Sat Nov 12 13:59:59 2022 UTC = Sun Nov 13 01:59:59 2022 +12 isdst=0 gmtoff=43200 Pacific/Fiji Sat Nov 12 14:00:00 2022 UTC = Sun Nov 13 03:00:00 2022 +13 isdst=1 gmtoff=46800 zdump -v Pacific/Fiji | grep 2023 zdump: warning: zone "Pacific/Fiji" abbreviation "+12" lacks alphabetic at start Pacific/Fiji Sat Jan 14 13:59:59 2023 UTC = Sun Jan 15 02:59:59 2023 +13 isdst=1 gmtoff=46800 Pacific/Fiji Sat Jan 14 14:00:00 2023 UTC = Sun Jan 15 02:00:00 2023 +12 isdst=0 gmtoff=43200 Pacific/Fiji Sat Nov 11 13:59:59 2023 UTC = Sun Nov 12 01:59:59 2023 +12 isdst=0 gmtoff=43200 Pacific/Fiji Sat Nov 11 14:00:00 2023 UTC = Sun Nov 12 03:00:00 2023 +13 isdst=1 gmtoff=46800 timedatectl status Local time: Wed 2022-10-26 16:19:46 +12 Universal time: Wed 2022-10-26 04:19:46 UTC RTC time: Wed 2022-10-26 04:19:47 Time zone: Pacific/Fiji (+12, +1200) NTP enabled: yes NTP synchronized: yes RTC in local TZ: no DST active: no Last DST change: DST ended at Sun 2022-01-16 02:59:59 +13 Sun 2022-01-16 02:00:00 +12 Next DST change: DST begins (the clock jumps one hour forward) at Sun 2022-11-13 01:59:59 +12 Sun 2022-11-13 03:00:00 +13 Thanks Shalvin Narayan Head of ICT Telecom Fiji Limited [cidimage002.png(a)01D70F67.132FB220] P: (679) 321 0247 M: (679) 991 3793 This email (including any attachments) is confidential and intended solely for the use of the recipient it is addressed to. It may also be subject to legal or other professional privileges. Information contained in this email should not be copied or forwarded without the consent of the sender. If you have received this transmission in error, please notify the sender immediately and destroy and/or delete all hard and soft data relating to this transmission. Confidentiality or privilege is not waived or lost because this email has been sent to you by mistake. Telecom Fiji Limited has active anti-virus measures on its email systems but does not accept any liability in connection with any computer virus, data corruption, delay, interruption, unauthorized access, or unauthorized amendment. Any views expressed in this email are those of the individual sender, except where expressly stated to be a representation by Telecom Fiji Limited

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Wrong day light savings (DST) in Syria
by MAHMAOD RADWAN Oct. 28, 2022

Oct. 28, 2022

Dear iana organization Right now in Syria government made a decision to cancel day light saving (DST) in Syria but for some reason smartphones (android and ios) devices reserve a change to it clock so the clock in the all smartphones are now late for an hour so I hope to fix this mistake and reasove the issue Note i live right now in Syria and my clock is late for an hour

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[PROPOSED 1/7] Avoid undefined behavior if no Link lines
by Paul Eggert Oct. 28, 2022

Oct. 28, 2022

* zic.c (make_links): Don't call qsort(NULL, 0, ...) as this has undefined behavior in C. This fixes a bug introduced five days ago. --- zic.c | 3 ++- 1 file changed, 2 insertions(+), 1 deletion(-) diff --git a/zic.c b/zic.c index 78afa67..a699285 100644 --- a/zic.c +++ b/zic.c @@ -683,7 +683,8 @@ static void make_links(void) { ptrdiff_t i, j, nalinks; - qsort(links, nlinks, sizeof *links, qsort_linkcmp); + if (nlinks) + qsort(links, nlinks, sizeof *links, qsort_linkcmp); /* Ignore each link superseded by a later link with the same name. */ j = 0; -- 2.37.3

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[PROPOSED] Fix recently-introduced zic infloop
by Paul Eggert Oct. 28, 2022

Oct. 28, 2022

* zic.c (make_links): Diagnose link cycles instead of looping. --- zic.c | 20 +++++++++++++++++--- 1 file changed, 17 insertions(+), 3 deletions(-) diff --git a/zic.c b/zic.c index 4222869..501718f 100644 --- a/zic.c +++ b/zic.c @@ -688,7 +688,7 @@ bsearch_linkcmp(void const *key, void const *b) static void make_links(void) { - ptrdiff_t i, j, nalinks; + ptrdiff_t i, j, nalinks, pass_size; if (1 < nlinks) qsort(links, nlinks, sizeof *links, qsort_linkcmp); @@ -700,7 +700,7 @@ make_links(void) i++; links[j++] = links[i]; } - nlinks = j; + nlinks = pass_size = j; /* Walk through the link array making links. However, if a link's target has not been made yet, append a copy to the @@ -739,8 +739,22 @@ make_links(void) eat(links[i].l_filenum, links[i].l_linenum); /* If this pass examined all its links, start the next pass. */ - if (i == j) + if (i == j) { + if (nalinks - i == pass_size) { + error(_("\"Link %s %s\" is part of a link cycle"), + links[i].l_target, links[i].l_linkname); + break; + } j = nalinks; + pass_size = nalinks - i; + } + + /* Diagnose self links, which the cycle detection algorithm would not + otherwise catch. */ + if (strcmp(links[i].l_target, links[i].l_linkname) == 0) { + error(_("link %s targets itself"), links[i].l_target); + continue; + } /* Make this link unless its target has not been made yet. */ l = bsearch(links[i].l_target, &links[i + 1], j - (i + 1), -- 2.37.3

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[PROPOSED 1/2] Don’t include <sys/type.h>
by Paul Eggert Oct. 27, 2022

Oct. 27, 2022

* private.h: Do not include <sys/types.h> for time_t. Including sys/types.h was added on 1989-04-10 to support pre-C89 platforms, but this is no longer needed now that we assume C89. --- private.h | 1 - 1 file changed, 1 deletion(-) diff --git a/private.h b/private.h index ffb9d48..baacdfb 100644 --- a/private.h +++ b/private.h @@ -179,7 +179,6 @@ #undef tzfree #include <stddef.h> -#include <sys/types.h> /* for time_t */ #include <string.h> #include <limits.h> /* for CHAR_BIT et al. */ #include <stdlib.h> -- 2.37.3

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[PROPOSED] Fix zdump undefined behavior if !USE_LTZ
by Paul Eggert Oct. 27, 2022

Oct. 27, 2022

When compiled with -DUSE_LTZ=0, zdump modified pointers in the environ vector, which POSIX says results in undefined behavior. Fix this by using setenv if available, otherwise by arranging for the modifications to occur to the vector before it's assigned or re-assigned to ‘environ’. * Makefile, NEWS: Mention this. * private.h (HAVE_SETENV): Default to 1. * zdump.c (tzalloc): If HAVE_SETENV, just use setenv; it’s simpler. Otherwise, avoid modifying environ, environ[0], environ[0][0], etc. while environ is in use by getenv etc. Do this by keeping two independent environ vectors; the original one and fakeenv. If !HAVE_SETENV, return the initial environ array. (tzalloc, tzfree): Give the getenv family a chance of getting the correct answer, by calling tzset after each time the environment is modified. (tzfree): Restore the initial environ array. --- Makefile | 1 + NEWS | 4 ++++ private.h | 4 ++++ zdump.c | 57 ++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++----------------- 4 files changed, 49 insertions(+), 17 deletions(-) diff --git a/Makefile b/Makefile index d3cfbd0..34cec49 100644 --- a/Makefile +++ b/Makefile @@ -223,6 +223,7 @@ LDLIBS= # -DHAVE_MALLOC_ERRNO=0 if malloc etc. do not set errno on failure. # -DHAVE_POSIX_DECLS=0 if your system's include files do not declare # functions like 'link' or variables like 'tzname' required by POSIX +# -DHAVE_SETENV=0 if your system lacks the setenv function # -DHAVE_SNPRINTF=0 if your system lacks the snprintf function # -DHAVE_STDINT_H if you have a non-C99 compiler with <stdint.h>* # -DHAVE_STRFTIME_L if <time.h> declares locale_t and strftime_l diff --git a/NEWS b/NEWS index a918aed..546fe11 100644 --- a/NEWS +++ b/NEWS @@ -73,6 +73,10 @@ Unreleased, experimental changes releases have been out of support since 2019. This change affects only fat TZif files, as thin files never had the workaround. + zdump no longer modifies the environ vector when compiled on + platforms lacking tm_zone or when compiled with -DUSE_LTZ=0. + This avoid undefined behavior on POSIX platforms. + Release 2022e - 2022-10-11 11:13:02 -0700 diff --git a/private.h b/private.h index 2c7535d..ffb9d48 100644 --- a/private.h +++ b/private.h @@ -87,6 +87,10 @@ # define HAVE_POSIX_DECLS 1 #endif +#ifndef HAVE_SETENV +# define HAVE_SETENV 1 +#endif + #ifndef HAVE_STRDUP # define HAVE_STRDUP 1 #endif diff --git a/zdump.c b/zdump.c index 168f72a..ffb321a 100644 --- a/zdump.c +++ b/zdump.c @@ -228,33 +228,56 @@ mktime_z(timezone_t tz, struct tm *tmp) static timezone_t tzalloc(char const *val) { +# if HAVE_SETENV + if (setenv("TZ", val, 1) != 0) { + perror("setenv"); + exit(EXIT_FAILURE); + } + tzset(); + return NULL; +# else + enum { TZeqlen = 3 }; + static char const TZeq[TZeqlen] = "TZ="; static char **fakeenv; - char **env = fakeenv; - char *env0; - if (! env) { - char **e = environ; - int to; + static size_t fakeenv0size; + void *freeable = NULL; + char **env = fakeenv, **initial_environ; + size_t valsize = strlen(val) + 1; + if (fakeenv0size < valsize) { + char **e = environ, **to; + ptrdiff_t initial_nenvptrs; /* Counting the trailing NULL pointer. */ while (*e++) continue; - env = xmalloc(sumsize(sizeof *environ, - (e - environ) * sizeof *environ)); - to = 1; - for (e = environ; (env[to] = *e); e++) - to += strncmp(*e, "TZ=", 3) != 0; + initial_nenvptrs = e - environ; + fakeenv0size = sumsize(valsize, valsize); + fakeenv0size = max(fakeenv0size, 64); + freeable = env; + fakeenv = env = + xmalloc(sumsize(sumsize(sizeof *environ, + initial_nenvptrs * sizeof *environ), + sumsize(TZeqlen, fakeenv0size))); + to = env + 1; + for (e = environ; (*to = *e); e++) + to += strncmp(*e, TZeq, TZeqlen) != 0; + env[0] = memcpy(to + 1, TZeq, TZeqlen); } - env0 = xmalloc(sumsize(sizeof "TZ=", strlen(val))); - env[0] = strcat(strcpy(env0, "TZ="), val); - environ = fakeenv = env; + memcpy(env[0] + TZeqlen, val, valsize); + initial_environ = environ; + environ = env; tzset(); - return env; + free(freeable); + return initial_environ; +# endif } static void -tzfree(timezone_t env) +tzfree(timezone_t initial_environ) { - environ = env + 1; - free(env[0]); +# if !HAVE_SETENV + environ = initial_environ; + tzset(); +# endif } #endif /* ! USE_LOCALTIME_RZ */ -- 2.37.3

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[PROPOSED 1/2] Default time_t to 64 bits on glibc 2.34+ 32-bit
by Paul Eggert Oct. 26, 2022

Oct. 26, 2022

* NEWS: Mention this. * private.h (_TIME_BITS): Default to 64. --- NEWS | 8 ++++++++ private.h | 12 ++++++++++-- 2 files changed, 18 insertions(+), 2 deletions(-) diff --git a/NEWS b/NEWS index bddbd3da..a918aed2 100644 --- a/NEWS +++ b/NEWS @@ -57,6 +57,14 @@ Unreleased, experimental changes number 2438 comes from the 32-bit limit in the year 2038, plus the 400-year Gregorian cycle. (Problem reported by Bradley White.) + On glibc 2.34 and later, which optionally supports 64-bit time_t + on platforms like x86 where time_t was traditionally 32 bits, + default time_t to 64 instead of 32 bits. This lets functions like + localtime support timestamps after the year 2038, and fixes + year-2038 problems in zic when accessing files dated after 2038. + To continue to limit time_t to 32 bits on these platforms, use + "make CFLAGS='-D_TIME_BITS=32'". + In C code, prefer C23 keywords to pre-C23 macros for alignof, bool, false, and true. Also, use the following C23 features if available: __has_include, unreachable. diff --git a/private.h b/private.h index c185d5f3..2c7535d8 100644 --- a/private.h +++ b/private.h @@ -127,8 +127,9 @@ /* Enable strtoimax on pre-C99 Solaris 11. */ #define __EXTENSIONS__ 1 -/* To avoid having 'stat' fail unnecessarily with errno == EOVERFLOW, - enable large files on GNUish systems ... */ +/* Although tzcode does not call 'stat'-like functions directly, stdio + functions may call them. To avoid having them fail unnecessarily + with errno == EOVERFLOW, enable large files on GNUish systems ... */ #ifndef _FILE_OFFSET_BITS # define _FILE_OFFSET_BITS 64 #endif @@ -137,6 +138,13 @@ /* ... and enable large inode numbers on Mac OS X 10.5 and later. */ #define _DARWIN_USE_64_BIT_INODE 1 +/* On GNUish systems where time_t might be 32 or 64 bits, use 64. + This supports a wider time range, and avoids having 'stat'-like + functions fail unnecessarily with errno == EOVERFLOW. */ +#ifndef _TIME_BITS +# define _TIME_BITS 64 +#endif + /* ** Nested includes */ -- 2.37.2

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Re: [tz] tz Digest, Vol 133, Issue 32
by richa＠msn.com Oct. 24, 2022

Oct. 24, 2022

Once again, "All problems in computer science can be solved by another level of indirection." ________________________________ From: tz <tz-bounces(a)iana.org> on behalf of tz-request(a)iana.org <tz-request(a)iana.org> Sent: Monday, October 24, 2022 7:00 AM To: tz(a)iana.org <tz(a)iana.org> Subject: tz Digest, Vol 133, Issue 32 Send tz mailing list submissions to tz(a)iana.org To subscribe or unsubscribe via the World Wide Web, visit https://nam12.safelinks.protection.outlook.com/?url=https%3A%2F%2Fmm.icann.… or, via email, send a message with subject or body 'help' to tz-request(a)iana.org You can reach the person managing the list at tz-owner(a)iana.org When replying, please edit your Subject line so it is more specific than "Re: Contents of tz digest..."

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[PROPOSED 1/2] zic now supports links to links
by Paul Eggert Oct. 24, 2022

Oct. 24, 2022

* NEWS, backward, zic.8: Mention this. * zic.c (make_links): New function, which supports links to later links. In this function, improve quality of warnings about links to links. (main): Use it. --- NEWS | 14 ++++++++ backward | 6 ++-- zic.8 | 29 ++++++++++++++--- zic.c | 97 ++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++-------- 4 files changed, 126 insertions(+), 20 deletions(-) diff --git a/NEWS b/NEWS index 64a2d0c..f400d71 100644 --- a/NEWS +++ b/NEWS @@ -5,6 +5,7 @@ Unreleased, experimental changes Briefly: Move links to 'backward'. In vanguard form, GMT is now a Zone and Etc/GMT a link. + zic now supports links to links. Simplify four Ontario zones into one. Fix a Y2438 bug when reading TZif data. @@ -28,6 +29,19 @@ Unreleased, experimental changes Changes to code + zic now supports links to links regardless of input line order. + For example, if Australia/Sydney is a Zone, the lines + Link Australia/Canberra Australia/ACT + Link Australia/Sydney Australia/Canberra + now work correctly, even though the shell commands + ln Australia/Canberra Australia/ACT + ln Australia/Sydney Australia/Canberra + would fail because the first command attempts to use a link + Australia/Canberra that does not exist until after the second + command is executed. Previously, zic had unspecified behavior if + a Link line's target was another link, and zic often misbehaved if + a Link line's target was a later Link line. + Fix line number in zic's diagnostic for a link to a link. Fix a bug that caused localtime to mishandle timestamps starting diff --git a/backward b/backward index 101cbc0..4c1c5d5 100644 --- a/backward +++ b/backward @@ -17,9 +17,9 @@ # backward compatibility link. Each section is sorted by link name. # A "#= TARGET1" comment labels each link inserted only because some -# .zi parsers mishandle links to links. The comment says what the -# target would be if these parsers were fixed so that data could -# contain links to links. For example, the line +# .zi parsers (including tzcode through 2022e) mishandle links to links. +# The comment says what the target would be if these parsers were fixed +# so that data could contain links to links. For example, the line # "Link Australia/Sydney Australia/ACT #= Australia/Canberra" would be # "Link Australia/Canberra Australia/ACT" were it not that data lines # refrain from linking to links like Australia/Canberra, which means diff --git a/zic.8 b/zic.8 index e46d0ab..f79148f 100644 --- a/zic.8 +++ b/zic.8 @@ -190,7 +190,10 @@ the named file rather than in the standard location. Be more verbose, and complain about the following situations: .RS .PP -The input specifies a link to a link. +The input specifies a link to a link, +something not supported by some older parsers, including +.B zic +itself through release 2022e. .PP A year that appears in a data file is outside the range of representable years. @@ -691,19 +694,37 @@ The .B TARGET field should appear as the .B NAME -field in some zone line. +field in some zone line or as the +.B LINK-NAME +field in some link line. The .B LINK-NAME field is used as an alternative name for that zone; it has the same syntax as a zone line's .B NAME field. +Links can chain together, although the behavior is unspecified if a +chain of one or more links does not terminate in a Zone name. +A link line can appear before the line that defines the link target. +For example: +.sp +.ne 3 +.nf +.in +2m +.ta \w'Zone\0\0'u +\w'Greenwich\0\0'u +Link Greenwich G_M_T +Link Etc/GMT Greenwich +Zone Etc/GMT\0\00\0\0\*-\0\0GMT +.sp +.in +.fi +The two links are chained together, and G_M_T, Greenwich, and Etc/GMT +all name the same zone. .PP Except for continuation lines, lines may appear in any order in the input. However, the behavior is unspecified if multiple zone or link lines -define the same name, or if the source of one link line is the target -of another. +define the same name. .PP The file that describes leap seconds can have leap lines and an expiration line. diff --git a/zic.c b/zic.c index 82e1a4d..78afa67 100644 --- a/zic.c +++ b/zic.c @@ -678,6 +678,89 @@ bsearch_linkcmp(void const *key, void const *b) return strcmp(key, m->l_linkname); } +/* Make the links specified by the Link lines. */ +static void +make_links(void) +{ + ptrdiff_t i, j, nalinks; + qsort(links, nlinks, sizeof *links, qsort_linkcmp); + + /* Ignore each link superseded by a later link with the same name. */ + j = 0; + for (i = 0; i < nlinks; i++) { + while (i + 1 < nlinks + && strcmp(links[i].l_linkname, links[i + 1].l_linkname) == 0) + i++; + links[j++] = links[i]; + } + nlinks = j; + + /* Walk through the link array making links. However, + if a link's target has not been made yet, append a copy to the + end of the array. The end of the array will gradually fill + up with a small sorted subsequence of not-yet-made links. + nalinks counts all the links in the array, including copies. + When we reach the copied subsequence, it may still contain + a link to a not-yet-made link, so the process repeats. + At any given point in time, the link array consists of the + following subregions, where 0 <= i <= j <= nalinks and + 0 <= nlinks <= nalinks: + + 0 .. (i - 1): + links that either have been made, or have been copied to a + later point point in the array (this later point can be in + any of the three subregions) + i .. (j - 1): + not-yet-made links for this pass + j .. (nalinks - 1): + not-yet-made links that this pass has skipped because + they were links to not-yet-made links + + The first subregion might not be sorted if nlinks < i; + the other two subregions are sorted. This algorithm does + not alter entries 0 .. (nlinks - 1), which remain sorted. + + If there are L links, this algorithm is O(C*L*log(L)) where + C is the length of the longest link chain. Usually C is + short (e.g., 3) though its worst-case value is L. */ + + j = nalinks = nlinks; + + for (i = 0; i < nalinks; i++) { + struct link *l; + + eat(links[i].l_filenum, links[i].l_linenum); + + /* If this pass examined all its links, start the next pass. */ + if (i == j) + j = nalinks; + + /* Make this link unless its target has not been made yet. */ + l = bsearch(links[i].l_target, &links[i + 1], j - (i + 1), + sizeof *links, bsearch_linkcmp); + if (!l) + l = bsearch(links[i].l_target, &links[j], nalinks - j, + sizeof *links, bsearch_linkcmp); + if (!l) + dolink(links[i].l_target, links[i].l_linkname, false); + else { + /* The link target has not been made yet; copy the link to the end. */ + links = growalloc (links, sizeof *links, nalinks, &nlinks_alloc); + links[nalinks++] = links[i]; + } + + if (noise && i < nlinks) { + if (l) + warning(_("link %s targeting link %s mishandled by pre-2023 zic"), + links[i].l_linkname, links[i].l_target); + else if (bsearch(links[i].l_target, links, nlinks, sizeof *links, + bsearch_linkcmp)) + warning(_("link %s targeting link %s"), + links[i].l_linkname, links[i].l_target); + } + } +} + /* Simple signal handling: just set a flag that is checked periodically outside critical sections. To set up the handler, prefer sigaction if available to close a signal race. */ @@ -992,19 +1075,7 @@ _("%s: invalid time range: %s\n"), continue; outzone(&zones[i], j - i); } - /* - ** Make links. - */ - if (noise) - qsort(links, nlinks, sizeof *links, qsort_linkcmp); - for (i = 0; i < nlinks; ++i) { - eat(links[i].l_filenum, links[i].l_linenum); - dolink(links[i].l_target, links[i].l_linkname, false); - if (noise - && bsearch(links[i].l_target, links, nlinks, sizeof *links, - bsearch_linkcmp)) - warning(_("link to link")); - } + make_links(); if (lcltime != NULL) { eat(COMMAND_LINE_FILENUM, 1); dolink(lcltime, tzdefault, true); -- 2.37.3

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Pacific islands as identifiers
by Paul-Cathy Unger Oct. 22, 2022

Oct. 22, 2022

Hi, I was recently setting the time zone on my computer to my current location -- Honiara, Solomon Islands. In my operating system's drop-down list of "Cities" (I use a Linux distro based on Ubuntu), I could not find Honiara. I finally ended up clicking on the map approximately where I thought it would be. To my surprise, where I clicked had the label "Guadalcanal". I wasn't expecting that, and certainly wasn't looking for Guadalcanal in the list -- Honiara would have made a lot more sense to me (e.g., https://www.timeanddate.com/time/zone/solomon-islands) I'm wondering what the rationale is for using island / province names for some Pacific nations and city names for others (e.g., Apia, Samoa; Port Moresby, PNG)? And I wonder if knowing that there are historic animosities in a country between people from one island and another would be enough to consider changing an apparent favouring of one island over another? For a brief and somewhat current analysis, see https://www.csis.org/analysis/deep-roots-solomon-islands-ongoing-political-…. I offer this for your kind consideration, Paul Unger

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