proposed tz changes for Armenia, Italy, Krasnoyarsk v Tomsk, `EU' name

May 6, 1996

      Here are some more proposed changes to the tz database.

* Change `Kabul' ruleset to `RussiaAsia' and `Gaza' ruleset to `EgyptAsia'.
  This is partly for consistency in naming, partly to avoid errors
  when running `zic asia' by itself, since `asia' currently uses
  `Russia' without defining it.

* <edd@AIC.NET> reports that Armenia stopped using DST this year, and
  he also requested a different time zone name.

* Rename `EC' to `EU'.  This was suggested by Peter Ilieve.

* Adjust DST rules for Europe/Rome (and for M-Eur) in the light of a new
  table for Italian DST published by F. Pollastri.  This affects some
  transitions between 1916 and 1945 inclusive.

* Rename Asia/Tomsk to Asia/Krasnoyarsk, since the latter is a much larger
  representative for that zone.

===================================================================
RCS file: RCS/asia,v
retrieving revision 1996.7
retrieving revision 1996.7.1.1
diff -c -r1996.7 -r1996.7.1.1
*** asia	1996/05/03 02:49:56	1996.7
--- asia	1996/05/06 08:15:25	1996.7.1.1
***************
*** 30,37 ****
  #	3:00	AST ADT	Arabia*
  #	3:00	BSK BSD	Baku (was 4:00)*
  #	3:30	IST IDT	Iran
  #	4:00	TBSK TBSD Tbilisi (was 3:00)*
- #	4:00	YSK YSD Yerevan (was 3:00)*
  #	4:00	GST GDT	Gulf*
  #	4:30	AFT	Afghanistan*
  #	5:00	ASK ASD	Aktau (was SHSK, SHSD)*
--- 30,37 ----
  #	3:00	AST ADT	Arabia*
  #	3:00	BSK BSD	Baku (was 4:00)*
  #	3:30	IST IDT	Iran
+ #	4:00	AMST AMDT Armenia (was 3:00) (was YSK, YSD)*
  #	4:00	TBSK TBSD Tbilisi (was 3:00)*
  #	4:00	GST GDT	Gulf*
  #	4:30	AFT	Afghanistan*
  #	5:00	ASK ASD	Aktau (was SHSK, SHSD)*
***************
*** 70,80 ****

  ###############################################################################

  # Rule	NAME	FROM	TO	TYPE	IN	ON	AT	SAVE	LETTER/S
! Rule	Kabul	1981	1984	-	Apr	1	0:00	1:00	D
! Rule	Kabul	1981	1983	-	Oct	1	0:00	0	K
! Rule	Kabul	1984	max	-	Sep	lastSun	2:00s	0	K
! Rule	Kabul	1985	max	-	Mar	lastSun	2:00s	1:00	D

  # Afghanistan
  # Zone	NAME		GMTOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]
--- 70,81 ----

  ###############################################################################

+ # These rules for Russia are stolen from the `europe' file.
  # Rule	NAME	FROM	TO	TYPE	IN	ON	AT	SAVE	LETTER/S
! Rule RussiaAsia 1981	1984	-	Apr	1	0:00	1:00	D
! Rule RussiaAsia 1981	1983	-	Oct	1	0:00	0	K
! Rule RussiaAsia 1984	max	-	Sep	lastSun	2:00s	0	K
! Rule RussiaAsia 1985	max	-	Mar	lastSun	2:00s	1:00	D

  # Afghanistan
  # Zone	NAME		GMTOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]
***************
*** 83,105 ****
  			4:30	-	AFT

  # Armenia
! # From Paul Eggert (1996-04-19):
  # Shanks has Yerevan switching to 3:00 (with Russian DST) in spring 1991,
! # but usno1995 has Armenia at 4:00 (with DST).  Assume Yerevan stayed in
! # sync with Moscow after 1990.
  # Zone	NAME		GMTOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]
  Zone	Asia/Yerevan	2:58:00 -	LMT	1924 May  2
  			3:00	-	YSK	1957 Mar
! 			4:00	Russia	YS%s	1991 Mar 31 2:00s
  			3:00	1:00	YSD	1991 Sep 29 2:00s
! 			3:00	-	YSK	1992 Jan 19 2:00s
! 			4:00	Russia	YS%s

  # Azerbaijan
  # Zone	NAME		GMTOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]
  Zone	Asia/Baku	3:19:24 -	LMT	1924 May  2
  			3:00	-	BSK	1957 Mar
! 			4:00	Russia	BS%s	1991 Mar 31 2:00s
  			3:00	1:00	BSD	1991 Sep 29 2:00s
  			3:00	-	BSK
  # Shanks has Baku using Russian DST rules after 1991,
--- 84,115 ----
  			4:30	-	AFT

  # Armenia
! # From Paul Eggert (1996-05-04):
  # Shanks has Yerevan switching to 3:00 (with Russian DST) in spring 1991,
! # but usno1995 has Armenia at 4:00 (with DST), and Edgar Der-Danieliantz
! # <edd@AIC.NET> reported today that Yerevan probably won't use DST this year,
! # though it did use DST in 1995.  We guess Yerevan stayed in sync with Moscow
! # between 1990 and 1995, but stopped using DST in 1996.
! # Der-Danieliantz also asked for a better abbreviation than `YSK'
! # after independence.  Apparently no abbreviation is in common use;
! # use `AMST/AMDT' since `AM' is the ISO country code for Armenia.
! # Rule	NAME	FROM	TO	TYPE	IN	ON	AT	SAVE	LETTER/S
! Rule	Armenia	1992	1995	-	Sep	lastSun	2:00s	0	S
! Rule	Armenia	1992	1995	-	Mar	lastSun	2:00s	1:00	D
  # Zone	NAME		GMTOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]
  Zone	Asia/Yerevan	2:58:00 -	LMT	1924 May  2
  			3:00	-	YSK	1957 Mar
! 			4:00 RussiaAsia YS%s	1991 Mar 31 2:00s
  			3:00	1:00	YSD	1991 Sep 29 2:00s
! 			3:00	-	AMST	1992 Jan 19 2:00s
! 			4:00	Armenia	AM%sT	1996
! 			4:00	-	AMST

  # Azerbaijan
  # Zone	NAME		GMTOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]
  Zone	Asia/Baku	3:19:24 -	LMT	1924 May  2
  			3:00	-	BSK	1957 Mar
! 			4:00 RussiaAsia BS%s	1991 Mar 31 2:00s
  			3:00	1:00	BSD	1991 Sep 29 2:00s
  			3:00	-	BSK
  # Shanks has Baku using Russian DST rules after 1991,
***************
*** 308,316 ****
  Zone	Asia/Tbilisi	2:59:16 -	LMT	1880
  			2:59	-	LST	1924 May  2
  			3:00	-	TBSK	1957 Mar
! 			4:00	Russia	TBS%s	1991 Mar 31 2:00s
  			3:00	1:00	TBSD	1991 Sep 29 2:00s
! 			3:00	Russia	TBS%s	1994 Sep 25 2:00s
  			4:00	-	TBSK

  # India
--- 318,326 ----
  Zone	Asia/Tbilisi	2:59:16 -	LMT	1880
  			2:59	-	LST	1924 May  2
  			3:00	-	TBSK	1957 Mar
! 			4:00 RussiaAsia TBS%s	1991 Mar 31 2:00s
  			3:00	1:00	TBSD	1991 Sep 29 2:00s
! 			3:00 RussiaAsia TBS%s	1994 Sep 25 2:00s
  			4:00	-	TBSK

  # India
***************
*** 581,604 ****
  # Zone	NAME		GMTOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]
  Zone	Asia/Alma-Ata	5:07:48 -	LMT	1924 May  2 # or Almaty
  			5:00	-	AASK	1957 Mar
! 			6:00	Russia	AAS%s	1991 Mar 31 2:00s
  			5:00	1:00	AASD	1991 Sep 29 2:00s
  			5:00	-	AASK	1992 Jan 19 2:00s
! 			6:00	Russia	AAS%s
  Zone	Asia/Aktau	3:21:04	-	LMT	1924 May  2 # or Aqtau
  			4:00	-	SHSK	1957 Mar # Fort Shevchenko
! 			5:00	Russia	SHS%s	1991 Mar 31 2:00s
  			4:00	1:00	ASD	1991 Sep 29 2:00s
  			4:00	-	ASK	1992 Jan 19 2:00s
! 			5:00	Russia	AS%s

  # Kirgizstan
  # Zone	NAME		GMTOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]
  Zone	Asia/Bishkek	4:58:24 -	LMT	1924 May  2
  			5:00	-	FSK	1957 Mar	# Frunze
! 			6:00	Russia	FS%s	1991 Mar 31 2:00s
  			5:00	1:00	FSD	1991 Sep 29 2:00s
! 			5:00	Russia	BS%s

  ###############################################################################

--- 591,614 ----
  # Zone	NAME		GMTOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]
  Zone	Asia/Alma-Ata	5:07:48 -	LMT	1924 May  2 # or Almaty
  			5:00	-	AASK	1957 Mar
! 			6:00 RussiaAsia AAS%s	1991 Mar 31 2:00s
  			5:00	1:00	AASD	1991 Sep 29 2:00s
  			5:00	-	AASK	1992 Jan 19 2:00s
! 			6:00 RussiaAsia AAS%s
  Zone	Asia/Aktau	3:21:04	-	LMT	1924 May  2 # or Aqtau
  			4:00	-	SHSK	1957 Mar # Fort Shevchenko
! 			5:00 RussiaAsia SHS%s	1991 Mar 31 2:00s
  			4:00	1:00	ASD	1991 Sep 29 2:00s
  			4:00	-	ASK	1992 Jan 19 2:00s
! 			5:00 RussiaAsia AS%s

  # Kirgizstan
  # Zone	NAME		GMTOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]
  Zone	Asia/Bishkek	4:58:24 -	LMT	1924 May  2
  			5:00	-	FSK	1957 Mar	# Frunze
! 			6:00 RussiaAsia FS%s	1991 Mar 31 2:00s
  			5:00	1:00	FSD	1991 Sep 29 2:00s
! 			5:00 RussiaAsia BS%s

  ###############################################################################

***************
*** 735,750 ****
  # Palestine
  # These rules for Egypt are stolen from the `africa' file.
  # Rule	NAME	FROM	TO	TYPE	IN	ON	AT	SAVE	LETTER/S
! Rule	Gaza	1957	only	-	May	10	0:00	1:00	" DST"
! Rule	Gaza	1957	1958	-	Oct	 1	0:00	0	-
! Rule	Gaza	1958	only	-	May	 1	0:00	1:00	" DST"
! Rule	Gaza	1959	1981	-	May	 1	1:00	1:00	" DST"
! Rule	Gaza	1959	1965	-	Sep	30	3:00	0	-
! Rule	Gaza	1966	max	-	Oct	 1	3:00	0	-
  # Zone	NAME		GMTOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]
  Zone	Asia/Gaza	2:17:52	-	LMT	1900 Oct
  			2:00	-	EET	1957 May 10
! 			2:00	Gaza	EET%s	1967 Jun 30
  			2:00	Zion	I%sT
  # This will undoubtedly change soon.

--- 745,760 ----
  # Palestine
  # These rules for Egypt are stolen from the `africa' file.
  # Rule	NAME	FROM	TO	TYPE	IN	ON	AT	SAVE	LETTER/S
! Rule EgyptAsia	1957	only	-	May	10	0:00	1:00	" DST"
! Rule EgyptAsia	1957	1958	-	Oct	 1	0:00	0	-
! Rule EgyptAsia	1958	only	-	May	 1	0:00	1:00	" DST"
! Rule EgyptAsia	1959	1981	-	May	 1	1:00	1:00	" DST"
! Rule EgyptAsia	1959	1965	-	Sep	30	3:00	0	-
! Rule EgyptAsia	1966	max	-	Oct	 1	3:00	0	-
  # Zone	NAME		GMTOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]
  Zone	Asia/Gaza	2:17:52	-	LMT	1900 Oct
  			2:00	-	EET	1957 May 10
! 			2:00 EgyptAsia	EET%s	1967 Jun 30
  			2:00	Zion	I%sT
  # This will undoubtedly change soon.

***************
*** 835,841 ****
  # Zone	NAME		GMTOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]
  Zone	Asia/Dushanbe	4:35:12 -	LMT	1924 May  2
  			5:00	-	DSK	1957 Mar
! 			6:00	Russia	DS%s	1991
  			6:00	-	DSK
  # Shanks has Dushanbe at 5:00 (6:00 summer) after 1991 Sep 29 3:00,
  # but usno1995 has it at 6:00.  Go with usno1995.
--- 845,851 ----
  # Zone	NAME		GMTOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]
  Zone	Asia/Dushanbe	4:35:12 -	LMT	1924 May  2
  			5:00	-	DSK	1957 Mar
! 			6:00 RussiaAsia DS%s	1991
  			6:00	-	DSK
  # Shanks has Dushanbe at 5:00 (6:00 summer) after 1991 Sep 29 3:00,
  # but usno1995 has it at 6:00.  Go with usno1995.
***************
*** 850,856 ****
  # Zone	NAME		GMTOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]
  Zone	Asia/Ashkhabad	3:53:32 -	LMT	1924 May  2
  			4:00	-	ASK	1957 Mar
! 			5:00	Russia	AS%s	1991
  			5:00	-	ASK
  # Shanks has Ashkhabad at 4:00 (5:00 summer) after 1991 Sep 20 3:00,
  # but usno has it at 5:00.  Go with usno1995.
--- 860,866 ----
  # Zone	NAME		GMTOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]
  Zone	Asia/Ashkhabad	3:53:32 -	LMT	1924 May  2
  			4:00	-	ASK	1957 Mar
! 			5:00 RussiaAsia AS%s	1991
  			5:00	-	ASK
  # Shanks has Ashkhabad at 4:00 (5:00 summer) after 1991 Sep 20 3:00,
  # but usno has it at 5:00.  Go with usno1995.
***************
*** 864,870 ****
  # Zone	NAME		GMTOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]
  Zone	Asia/Tashkent	4:37:12 -	LMT	1924 May  2
  			5:00	-	TSK	1957 Mar
! 			6:00	Russia	TS%s	1991 Mar 31 2:00s
  			5:00	1:00	TSD	1991 Sep 29 2:00s
  			5:00	-	TSK
  # Shanks has Tashkent using DST after 1991, but usno1995 says they don't.
--- 874,880 ----
  # Zone	NAME		GMTOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]
  Zone	Asia/Tashkent	4:37:12 -	LMT	1924 May  2
  			5:00	-	TSK	1957 Mar
! 			6:00 RussiaAsia TS%s	1991 Mar 31 2:00s
  			5:00	1:00	TSD	1991 Sep 29 2:00s
  			5:00	-	TSK
  # Shanks has Tashkent using DST after 1991, but usno1995 says they don't.
===================================================================
RCS file: RCS/europe,v
retrieving revision 1996.7.1.1
retrieving revision 1996.7.1.2
diff -c -r1996.7.1.1 -r1996.7.1.2
*** europe	1996/05/03 18:20:46	1996.7.1.1
--- europe	1996/05/06 08:03:14	1996.7.1.2
***************
*** 36,42 ****
  #	 5:00	ESK ESD	Yekaterinburg (was 4:00) (was SSK, SSD)*
  #	 6:00	OSK OSD	Omsk (was 5:00)*
  #	 6:00	NSK NSD	Novosibirsk (was 7:00)
! #	 7:00	TSK TSD	Tomsk (was 6:00)*
  #	 8:00	ISK ISD	Irkutsk (was 7:00)*
  #	 9:00	YSK YSD	Yakutsk (was 8:00)*
  #	10:00	VSK VSD	Vladivostok (was 9:00)*
--- 36,42 ----
  #	 5:00	ESK ESD	Yekaterinburg (was 4:00) (was SSK, SSD)*
  #	 6:00	OSK OSD	Omsk (was 5:00)*
  #	 6:00	NSK NSD	Novosibirsk (was 7:00)
! #	 7:00	KRSK KRSD Krasnoyarsk (was 6:00)
  #	 8:00	ISK ISD	Irkutsk (was 7:00)*
  #	 9:00	YSK YSD	Yakutsk (was 8:00)*
  #	10:00	VSK VSD	Vladivostok (was 9:00)*
***************
*** 600,605 ****
--- 600,610 ----
  # 1995-97 is now in place.  The Summer Time Order 1994 (SI 1994/2798)
  # came into force on 16 November.  It restates the dates from the EC
  # seventh Summer Time Directive....
+ #
+ # From Peter Ilieve <peter@aldie.co.uk> (1996-04-20):
+ # Proposals for the eighth directive were supposed to have been produced
+ # by the Commission by 1 Jan 96. They have not yet appeared (I asked just
+ # before Easter).

  # From Peter Ilieve <peter@memex.co.uk> (March 28, 1994):
  # The [GB-Eire] end date of 22 October [1995] conflicts with your current rule
***************
*** 715,735 ****
  Rule	GB-Eire	1981	1995	-	Mar	lastSun	1:00u	1:00	BST
  Rule	GB-Eire 1981	1989	-	Oct	Sun>=23	1:00u	0	GMT
  Rule	GB-Eire 1990	1995	-	Oct	Sun>=22	1:00u	0	GMT
! # See EC for rules starting in 1996.

  # Zone	NAME		GMTOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]
  Zone	Europe/London	-0:01:15 -	LMT	1847 Sep 22
  			 0:00	GB-Eire	%s	1968 Feb 18 2:00
  			 1:00	-	BST	1971 Oct 31 2:00
  			 0:00	GB-Eire	%s	1996
! 			 0:00	EC	GMT/BST
  Zone	Europe/Belfast	-0:23:40 -	LMT	1880 Aug  2
  			-0:25:21 -	DMT	1916 May 21 2:00    # Dublin MT
  			-0:25:21 1:00	DST	1916 Oct  1 3:00
  			 0:00	GB-Eire	%s	1968 Feb 18 2:00
  			 1:00	-	BST	1971 Oct 31 3:00
  			 0:00	GB-Eire	%s	1996
! 			 0:00	EC	GMT/BST
  Zone	Europe/Dublin	-0:25:21 -	LMT	1880 Aug  2
  			-0:25:21 -	DMT	1916 May 21 2:00    # Dublin MT
  			-0:25:21 1:00	DST	1916 Oct  1 3:00
--- 720,740 ----
  Rule	GB-Eire	1981	1995	-	Mar	lastSun	1:00u	1:00	BST
  Rule	GB-Eire 1981	1989	-	Oct	Sun>=23	1:00u	0	GMT
  Rule	GB-Eire 1990	1995	-	Oct	Sun>=22	1:00u	0	GMT
! # See EU for rules starting in 1996.

  # Zone	NAME		GMTOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]
  Zone	Europe/London	-0:01:15 -	LMT	1847 Sep 22
  			 0:00	GB-Eire	%s	1968 Feb 18 2:00
  			 1:00	-	BST	1971 Oct 31 2:00
  			 0:00	GB-Eire	%s	1996
! 			 0:00	EU	GMT/BST
  Zone	Europe/Belfast	-0:23:40 -	LMT	1880 Aug  2
  			-0:25:21 -	DMT	1916 May 21 2:00    # Dublin MT
  			-0:25:21 1:00	DST	1916 Oct  1 3:00
  			 0:00	GB-Eire	%s	1968 Feb 18 2:00
  			 1:00	-	BST	1971 Oct 31 3:00
  			 0:00	GB-Eire	%s	1996
! 			 0:00	EU	GMT/BST
  Zone	Europe/Dublin	-0:25:21 -	LMT	1880 Aug  2
  			-0:25:21 -	DMT	1916 May 21 2:00    # Dublin MT
  			-0:25:21 1:00	DST	1916 Oct  1 3:00
***************
*** 741,763 ****
  			 0:00	GB-Eire	%s	1968 Feb 18 2:00
  			 1:00	-	BST	1971 Oct 31 3:00
  			 0:00	GB-Eire	%s	1996
! 			 0:00	EC	GMT/BST

  ###############################################################################

  # Continental Europe

! # EC rules are for the European Community.

  # Rule	NAME	FROM	TO	TYPE	IN	ON	AT	SAVE	LETTER/S
! Rule	EC	1977	1980	-	Apr	Sun>=1	 1:00u	1:00	" DST"
! Rule	EC	1977	only	-	Sep	lastSun	 1:00u	0	-
! Rule	EC	1978	only	-	Oct	 1	 1:00u	0	-
! Rule	EC	1979	1995	-	Sep	lastSun	 1:00u	0	-
! Rule	EC	1981	max	-	Mar	lastSun	 1:00u	1:00	" DST"
! Rule	EC	1996	max	-	Oct	lastSun	 1:00u	0	-

! # W-Eur differs from EC only in that W-Eur uses standard time.
  Rule	W-Eur	1977	1980	-	Apr	Sun>=1	 1:00s	1:00	" DST"
  Rule	W-Eur	1977	only	-	Sep	lastSun	 1:00s	0	-
  Rule	W-Eur	1978	only	-	Oct	 1	 1:00s	0	-
--- 746,769 ----
  			 0:00	GB-Eire	%s	1968 Feb 18 2:00
  			 1:00	-	BST	1971 Oct 31 3:00
  			 0:00	GB-Eire	%s	1996
! 			 0:00	EU	GMT/BST

  ###############################################################################

  # Continental Europe

! # EU rules are for the European Union, previously known as the EC, EEC,
! # Common Market, etc.

  # Rule	NAME	FROM	TO	TYPE	IN	ON	AT	SAVE	LETTER/S
! Rule	EU	1977	1980	-	Apr	Sun>=1	 1:00u	1:00	" DST"
! Rule	EU	1977	only	-	Sep	lastSun	 1:00u	0	-
! Rule	EU	1978	only	-	Oct	 1	 1:00u	0	-
! Rule	EU	1979	1995	-	Sep	lastSun	 1:00u	0	-
! Rule	EU	1981	max	-	Mar	lastSun	 1:00u	1:00	" DST"
! Rule	EU	1996	max	-	Oct	lastSun	 1:00u	0	-

! # W-Eur differs from EU only in that W-Eur uses standard time.
  Rule	W-Eur	1977	1980	-	Apr	Sun>=1	 1:00s	1:00	" DST"
  Rule	W-Eur	1977	only	-	Sep	lastSun	 1:00s	0	-
  Rule	W-Eur	1978	only	-	Oct	 1	 1:00s	0	-
***************
*** 766,782 ****
  Rule	W-Eur	1996	max	-	Oct	lastSun	 1:00s	0	-

  # Older M-Eur rules are for convenience in the tables.
! # From 1977 on, M-Eur differs from EC only in that M-Eur uses standard time.
  Rule	M-Eur	1916	only	-	Apr	30	23:00	1:00	" DST"
  Rule	M-Eur	1916	only	-	Oct	 1	 1:00	0	-
  Rule	M-Eur	1917	1918	-	Apr	Mon>=15	 2:00s	1:00	" DST"
  Rule	M-Eur	1917	1918	-	Sep	Mon>=15	 2:00s	0	-
  Rule	M-Eur	1940	only	-	Apr	 1	 2:00s	1:00	" DST"
! # Shanks says DST was continuous from 1940 Apr 1 to 1942 Nov 2; go with Whitman.
! Rule	M-Eur	1940	only	-	Dec	31	 2:00s	0	-
! Rule	M-Eur	1941	only	-	Feb	25	 2:00s	1:00	" DST"
! Rule	M-Eur	1941	only	-	Oct	 5	 2:00s	0	-
! Rule	M-Eur	1942	only	-	Jan	 1	 2:00s	1:00	" DST"
  Rule	M-Eur	1942	only	-	Nov	 2	 2:00s	0	-
  Rule	M-Eur	1943	only	-	Mar	29	 2:00s	1:00	" DST"
  Rule	M-Eur	1943	only	-	Oct	 4	 2:00s	0	-
--- 772,784 ----
  Rule	W-Eur	1996	max	-	Oct	lastSun	 1:00s	0	-

  # Older M-Eur rules are for convenience in the tables.
! # From 1977 on, M-Eur differs from EU only in that M-Eur uses standard time.
  Rule	M-Eur	1916	only	-	Apr	30	23:00	1:00	" DST"
  Rule	M-Eur	1916	only	-	Oct	 1	 1:00	0	-
  Rule	M-Eur	1917	1918	-	Apr	Mon>=15	 2:00s	1:00	" DST"
  Rule	M-Eur	1917	1918	-	Sep	Mon>=15	 2:00s	0	-
  Rule	M-Eur	1940	only	-	Apr	 1	 2:00s	1:00	" DST"
! # Whitman says 1941 DST was only from Feb 25 to Oct 5; go with Shanks.
  Rule	M-Eur	1942	only	-	Nov	 2	 2:00s	0	-
  Rule	M-Eur	1943	only	-	Mar	29	 2:00s	1:00	" DST"
  Rule	M-Eur	1943	only	-	Oct	 4	 2:00s	0	-
***************
*** 813,821 ****
  # These are for backward compatibility with older versions.

  # Zone	NAME		GMTOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]
! Zone	WET		0:00	EC	WET%s
  Zone	MET		1:00	M-Eur	MET%s
! Zone	EET		2:00	EC	EET%s

  # Tom Hoffman says that MET is also known as Central European Time

--- 815,823 ----
  # These are for backward compatibility with older versions.

  # Zone	NAME		GMTOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]
! Zone	WET		0:00	EU	WET%s
  Zone	MET		1:00	M-Eur	MET%s
! Zone	EET		2:00	EU	EET%s

  # Tom Hoffman says that MET is also known as Central European Time

***************
*** 854,867 ****
  			1:00	-	MET	1940 Jun 16
  			1:00	Albania	MET%s	1985 Mar 31 1:00
  			1:00	W-Eur	MET%s
! #			This may change to `EC' soon.

  # Andorra
  # Zone	NAME		GMTOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]
  Zone	Europe/Andorra	0:06:04 -	LMT	1901
  			0:00	-	WET	1946 Sep 30
  			1:00	-	MET	1985 Mar 31 2:00
! 			1:00	EC	MET%s

  # Austria
  # Rule	NAME	FROM	TO	TYPE	IN	ON	AT	SAVE	LETTER/S
--- 856,869 ----
  			1:00	-	MET	1940 Jun 16
  			1:00	Albania	MET%s	1985 Mar 31 1:00
  			1:00	W-Eur	MET%s
! #			This may change to `EU' soon.

  # Andorra
  # Zone	NAME		GMTOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]
  Zone	Europe/Andorra	0:06:04 -	LMT	1901
  			0:00	-	WET	1946 Sep 30
  			1:00	-	MET	1985 Mar 31 2:00
! 			1:00	EU	MET%s

  # Austria
  # Rule	NAME	FROM	TO	TYPE	IN	ON	AT	SAVE	LETTER/S
***************
*** 879,885 ****
  			1:00	Austria	MET%s	1940 Apr  1 2:00
  			1:00	M-Eur	MET%s	1945 Apr  2 2:00
  			1:00	Austria	MET%s	1981
! 			1:00	EC	MET%s

  # Belarus
  # Zone	NAME		GMTOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]
--- 881,887 ----
  			1:00	Austria	MET%s	1940 Apr  1 2:00
  			1:00	M-Eur	MET%s	1945 Apr  2 2:00
  			1:00	Austria	MET%s	1981
! 			1:00	EU	MET%s

  # Belarus
  # Zone	NAME		GMTOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]
***************
*** 890,896 ****
  			3:00	Russia	MS%s	1991 Mar 31 2:00s
  			2:00	1:00  "EET DST"	1991 Sep 29 2:00s
  			2:00	M-Eur	EET%s
! #			This may change to `EC' soon.

  # Belgium
  # Whitman and Shanks disagree; go with Shanks, usually.
--- 892,898 ----
  			3:00	Russia	MS%s	1991 Mar 31 2:00s
  			2:00	1:00  "EET DST"	1991 Sep 29 2:00s
  			2:00	M-Eur	EET%s
! #			This may change to `EU' soon.

  # Belgium
  # Whitman and Shanks disagree; go with Shanks, usually.
***************
*** 938,944 ****
  			0:00	Belgium	WET%s	1940 Feb 24 23:00
  			1:00	M-Eur	MET%s	1945 Apr  2  2:00
  			1:00	Belgium	MET%s	1977
! 			1:00	EC	MET%s

  # Bosnia and Herzegovina
  # They switched from the Julian to the Gregorian calendar on 1918 Mar 18.
--- 940,946 ----
  			0:00	Belgium	WET%s	1940 Feb 24 23:00
  			1:00	M-Eur	MET%s	1945 Apr  2  2:00
  			1:00	Belgium	MET%s	1977
! 			1:00	EU	MET%s

  # Bosnia and Herzegovina
  # They switched from the Julian to the Gregorian calendar on 1918 Mar 18.
***************
*** 948,954 ****
  			1:00	M-Eur	MET%s	1945 May  8  2:00s
  			1:00	1:00  "MET DST"	1945 Sep 16  2:00s
  			1:00	-	MET	1983
! 			1:00	EC	MET%s

  # Bulgaria
  # Part switched from the Julian to the Gregorian calendar on 1915 Nov 14;
--- 950,956 ----
  			1:00	M-Eur	MET%s	1945 May  8  2:00s
  			1:00	1:00  "MET DST"	1945 Sep 16  2:00s
  			1:00	-	MET	1983
! 			1:00	EU	MET%s

  # Bulgaria
  # Part switched from the Julian to the Gregorian calendar on 1915 Nov 14;
***************
*** 967,973 ****
  			2:00	-	EET	1979 Mar 31 23:00
  			2:00	Bulg	EET%s	1982 Sep 26  2:00
  			2:00	M-Eur	EET%s
! #			This may change to `EC' soon.

  # Croatia
  # They switched from the Julian to the Gregorian calendar on 1918 Mar 18.
--- 969,975 ----
  			2:00	-	EET	1979 Mar 31 23:00
  			2:00	Bulg	EET%s	1982 Sep 26  2:00
  			2:00	M-Eur	EET%s
! #			This may change to `EU' soon.

  # Croatia
  # They switched from the Julian to the Gregorian calendar on 1918 Mar 18.
***************
*** 977,983 ****
  			1:00	M-Eur	MET%s	1945 May  8  2:00s
  			1:00	1:00  "MET DST"	1945 Sep 16  2:00s
  			1:00	-	MET	1983
! 			1:00	EC	MET%s

  # Czech Republic
  # Rule	NAME	FROM	TO	TYPE	IN	ON	AT	SAVE	LETTER/S
--- 979,985 ----
  			1:00	M-Eur	MET%s	1945 May  8  2:00s
  			1:00	1:00  "MET DST"	1945 Sep 16  2:00s
  			1:00	-	MET	1983
! 			1:00	EU	MET%s

  # Czech Republic
  # Rule	NAME	FROM	TO	TYPE	IN	ON	AT	SAVE	LETTER/S
***************
*** 993,999 ****
  			0:58	-	PMT	1891 Oct     # Prague Mean Time
  			1:00	M-Eur	MET%s	1944 Sep 17 2:00s
  			1:00	Czech	MET%s	1979
! 			1:00	EC	MET%s

  # Denmark
  # Rule	NAME	FROM	TO	TYPE	IN	ON	AT	SAVE	LETTER/S
--- 995,1001 ----
  			0:58	-	PMT	1891 Oct     # Prague Mean Time
  			1:00	M-Eur	MET%s	1944 Sep 17 2:00s
  			1:00	Czech	MET%s	1979
! 			1:00	EU	MET%s

  # Denmark
  # Rule	NAME	FROM	TO	TYPE	IN	ON	AT	SAVE	LETTER/S
***************
*** 1018,1027 ****
  			 1:00	Denmark	MET%s	1942 Nov  2 2:00s
  			 1:00	M-Eur	MET%s	1945 Apr  2 2:00
  			 1:00	Denmark	MET%s	1980
! 			 1:00	EC	MET%s
  Zone Atlantic/Faeroe	-0:27:04 -	LMT	1908 Jan 11	# Torshavn
  			 0:00	-	WET	1981
! 			 0:00	EC	WET%s
  Zone America/Scoresbysund -1:29:00 -	LMT	1916 Jul 28
  			-2:00	-	MGT	1980 Apr  6 2:00
  			-2:00	M-Eur	MGT%s	1981 Mar 29
--- 1020,1029 ----
  			 1:00	Denmark	MET%s	1942 Nov  2 2:00s
  			 1:00	M-Eur	MET%s	1945 Apr  2 2:00
  			 1:00	Denmark	MET%s	1980
! 			 1:00	EU	MET%s
  Zone Atlantic/Faeroe	-0:27:04 -	LMT	1908 Jan 11	# Torshavn
  			 0:00	-	WET	1981
! 			 0:00	EU	WET%s
  Zone America/Scoresbysund -1:29:00 -	LMT	1916 Jul 28
  			-2:00	-	MGT	1980 Apr  6 2:00
  			-2:00	M-Eur	MGT%s	1981 Mar 29
***************
*** 1050,1056 ****
  			3:00	Russia	MS%s	1989 Mar 26 2:00s
  			2:00	1:00  "EET DST"	1989 Sep 24 2:00s
  			2:00	M-Eur	EET%s
! #			This may change to `EC' soon.

  # Finland
  #
--- 1052,1058 ----
  			3:00	Russia	MS%s	1989 Mar 26 2:00s
  			2:00	1:00  "EET DST"	1989 Sep 24 2:00s
  			2:00	M-Eur	EET%s
! #			This may change to `EU' soon.

  # Finland
  #
***************
*** 1069,1075 ****
  Zone	Europe/Helsinki	1:39:52 -	LMT	1878 May 31
  			1:40	-	HMT	1921 May    # Helsinki Mean Time
  			2:00	Finland	EET%s	1981 Mar 29 2:00
! 			2:00	EC	EET%s

  # France
  # Shanks seems to use `24:00' ambiguously; we resolve it with Whitman.
--- 1071,1077 ----
  Zone	Europe/Helsinki	1:39:52 -	LMT	1878 May 31
  			1:40	-	HMT	1921 May    # Helsinki Mean Time
  			2:00	Finland	EET%s	1981 Mar 29 2:00
! 			2:00	EU	EET%s

  # France
  # Shanks seems to use `24:00' ambiguously; we resolve it with Whitman.
***************
*** 1130,1136 ****
  			1:00	M-Eur	MET%s	1944 Aug 25
  			0:00	France	WET%s	1945 Sep 16 3:00
  			1:00	France	MET%s	1977
! 			1:00	EC	MET%s

  # Germany
  # Rule	NAME	FROM	TO	TYPE	IN	ON	AT	SAVE	LETTER/S
--- 1132,1138 ----
  			1:00	M-Eur	MET%s	1944 Aug 25
  			0:00	France	WET%s	1945 Sep 16 3:00
  			1:00	France	MET%s	1977
! 			1:00	EU	MET%s

  # Germany
  # Rule	NAME	FROM	TO	TYPE	IN	ON	AT	SAVE	LETTER/S
***************
*** 1150,1163 ****
  Zone	Europe/Berlin	0:53:28 -	LMT	1893 Apr
  			1:00	M-Eur	MET%s	1945 Apr 2 2:00
  			1:00	Germany	MET%s	1980
! 			1:00	EC	MET%s

  # Gibraltar
  # Zone	NAME		GMTOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]
  Zone Europe/Gibraltar	-0:21:24 -	LMT	1880 Aug  2
  			0:00	GB-Eire	%s	1957 Apr 14 2:00
  			1:00	-	MET	1982
! 			1:00	EC	MET%s

  # Greece
  # They adopted the Julian calendar in 1846.
--- 1152,1165 ----
  Zone	Europe/Berlin	0:53:28 -	LMT	1893 Apr
  			1:00	M-Eur	MET%s	1945 Apr 2 2:00
  			1:00	Germany	MET%s	1980
! 			1:00	EU	MET%s

  # Gibraltar
  # Zone	NAME		GMTOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]
  Zone Europe/Gibraltar	-0:21:24 -	LMT	1880 Aug  2
  			0:00	GB-Eire	%s	1957 Apr 14 2:00
  			1:00	-	MET	1982
! 			1:00	EU	MET%s

  # Greece
  # They adopted the Julian calendar in 1846.
***************
*** 1194,1201 ****
  			1:00	Greece	MET%s	1944 Apr  4
  			2:00	Greece	EET%s	1981
  			# Shanks says they switched to M-Eur in 1981;
! 			# go with EC intead, since Greece joined it on Jan 1.
! 			2:00	EC	EET%s

  # Hungary
  # Rule	NAME	FROM	TO	TYPE	IN	ON	AT	SAVE	LETTER/S
--- 1196,1203 ----
  			1:00	Greece	MET%s	1944 Apr  4
  			2:00	Greece	EET%s	1981
  			# Shanks says they switched to M-Eur in 1981;
! 			# go with EU intead, since Greece joined it on Jan 1.
! 			2:00	EU	EET%s

  # Hungary
  # Rule	NAME	FROM	TO	TYPE	IN	ON	AT	SAVE	LETTER/S
***************
*** 1225,1231 ****
  			1:00	Hungary	MET%s	1941 Apr  6  2:00
  			1:00	M-Eur	MET%s	1945 May  1 23:00
  			1:00	Hungary	MET%s	1980 Sep 28  2:00s
! 			1:00	EC	MET%s

  # Iceland
  #
--- 1227,1233 ----
  			1:00	Hungary	MET%s	1941 Apr  6  2:00
  			1:00	M-Eur	MET%s	1945 May  1 23:00
  			1:00	Hungary	MET%s	1980 Sep 28  2:00s
! 			1:00	EU	MET%s

  # Iceland
  #
***************
*** 1290,1310 ****
  			 0:00	-	GMT

  # Italy
  # Rule	NAME	FROM	TO	TYPE	IN	ON	AT	SAVE	LETTER/S
- # Shanks gives transition times of 1916-1920 as 24:00; go with Whitman.
  Rule	Italy	1916	only	-	Jun	 3	0:00s	1:00	" DST"
! Rule	Italy	1916	only	-	Sep	30	0:00s	0	-
! Rule	Italy	1917	only	-	Mar	31	0:00s	1:00	" DST"
  Rule	Italy	1917	only	-	Sep	30	0:00s	0	-
! Rule	Italy	1918	only	-	Mar	 9	0:00s	1:00	" DST"
  Rule	Italy	1918	1919	-	Oct	Sun>=1	0:00s	0	-
! Rule	Italy	1919	only	-	Mar	 1	0:00s	1:00	" DST"
! Rule	Italy	1920	only	-	Mar	20	0:00s	1:00	" DST"
! # Shanks gives 1920 Sep 18; go with Whitman.
! Rule	Italy	1920	only	-	Oct	 1	0:00s	0	-
! Rule	Italy	1940	only	-	Jun	15	0:00	1:00	" DST"
  Rule	Italy	1945	only	-	Apr	 2	2:00	1:00	" DST"
! Rule	Italy	1945	only	-	Sep	17	0:00	0	-
  Rule	Italy	1946	only	-	Mar	17	2:00s	1:00	" DST"
  Rule	Italy	1946	only	-	Oct	 6	2:00s	0	-
  Rule	Italy	1947	only	-	Mar	16	0:00s	1:00	" DST"
--- 1292,1334 ----
  			 0:00	-	GMT

  # Italy
+ # From Paul Eggert (1996-05-06):
+ # For Italian DST we have three sources: Shanks, Whitman, and F. Pollastri
+ # <http://pisolo.cstv.to.cnr.it/toi/it/ienitlt.html> (see `FP' below),
+ # taken from a publication of the Italian National Electrotechnical Institute.
+ # When the three sources disagree, guess who's right, as follows:
+ #
+ # year 	FP	Shanks (S)	Whitman (W)	Go with:
+ # 1916	06-03	06-03 24:00	06-03 00:00	FP & W
+ #	09-30	09-30 24:00	09-30 01:00	FP; guess 24:00s
+ # 1917	04-01	03-31 24:00	03-31 00:00	FP & S
+ #	09-30	09-29 24:00	09-30 01:00	FP & W
+ # 1918	03-09	03-09 24:00	03-09 00:00	FP & S
+ #	10-06	10-05 24:00	10-06 01:00	FP & W
+ # 1919	03-01	03-01 24:00	03-01 00:00	FP & S
+ #	10-04	10-04 24:00	10-04 01:00	FP; guess 24:00s
+ # 1920	03-20	03-20 24:00	03-20 00:00	FP & S
+ #	09-18	09-18 24:00	10-01 01:00	FP; guess 24:00s
+ # 1944	04-02	04-03 02:00			S (see M-Eur)
+ #	09-16	10-02 03:00			FP; guess 24:00s
+ # 1945	09-14	09-16 24:00			FP; guess 24:00s
+ # 1970	05-21	05-31 00:00			S
+ #	09-20	09-27 00:00			S
+ #
  # Rule	NAME	FROM	TO	TYPE	IN	ON	AT	SAVE	LETTER/S
  Rule	Italy	1916	only	-	Jun	 3	0:00s	1:00	" DST"
! Rule	Italy	1916	only	-	Oct	 1	0:00s	0	-
! Rule	Italy	1917	only	-	Apr	 1	0:00s	1:00	" DST"
  Rule	Italy	1917	only	-	Sep	30	0:00s	0	-
! Rule	Italy	1918	only	-	Mar	10	0:00s	1:00	" DST"
  Rule	Italy	1918	1919	-	Oct	Sun>=1	0:00s	0	-
! Rule	Italy	1919	only	-	Mar	 2	0:00s	1:00	" DST"
! Rule	Italy	1920	only	-	Mar	21	0:00s	1:00	" DST"
! Rule	Italy	1920	only	-	Sep	19	0:00s	0	-
! Rule	Italy	1940	only	-	Jun	15	0:00s	1:00	" DST"
! Rule	Italy	1944	only	-	Sep	17	0:00s	0	-
  Rule	Italy	1945	only	-	Apr	 2	2:00	1:00	" DST"
! Rule	Italy	1945	only	-	Sep	15	0:00s	0	-
  Rule	Italy	1946	only	-	Mar	17	2:00s	1:00	" DST"
  Rule	Italy	1946	only	-	Oct	 6	2:00s	0	-
  Rule	Italy	1947	only	-	Mar	16	0:00s	1:00	" DST"
***************
*** 1332,1340 ****
  Zone	Europe/Rome	0:49:56 -	LMT	1866 Sep 22
  			0:50	-	RMT	1893 Nov	# Rome Mean Time
  			1:00	Italy	MET%s	1942 Nov  2 2:00s
! 			1:00	M-Eur	MET%s	1945 Apr  2 2:00s
  			1:00	Italy	MET%s	1980
! 			1:00	EC	MET%s

  Link	Europe/Rome	Europe/Vatican
  Link	Europe/Rome	Europe/San_Marino
--- 1356,1364 ----
  Zone	Europe/Rome	0:49:56 -	LMT	1866 Sep 22
  			0:50	-	RMT	1893 Nov	# Rome Mean Time
  			1:00	Italy	MET%s	1942 Nov  2 2:00s
! 			1:00	M-Eur	MET%s	1944 Jul
  			1:00	Italy	MET%s	1980
! 			1:00	EU	MET%s

  Link	Europe/Rome	Europe/Vatican
  Link	Europe/Rome	Europe/San_Marino
***************
*** 1353,1365 ****
  			3:00	Russia	MS%s	1991 Mar 31 2:00s
  			2:00	1:00  "EET DST"	1991 Sep 29 2:00s
  			2:00	M-Eur	EET%s
! #			This may change to `EC' soon.

  # Liechtenstein
  # Zone	NAME		GMTOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]
  Zone	Europe/Vaduz	0:38:04 -	LMT	1894 Jun
  			1:00	-	MET	1981
! 			1:00	EC	MET%s

  # Lithuania
  # They switched from the Julian to the Gregorian calendar on 1918 Feb 15.
--- 1377,1389 ----
  			3:00	Russia	MS%s	1991 Mar 31 2:00s
  			2:00	1:00  "EET DST"	1991 Sep 29 2:00s
  			2:00	M-Eur	EET%s
! #			This may change to `EU' soon.

  # Liechtenstein
  # Zone	NAME		GMTOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]
  Zone	Europe/Vaduz	0:38:04 -	LMT	1894 Jun
  			1:00	-	MET	1981
! 			1:00	EU	MET%s

  # Lithuania
  # They switched from the Julian to the Gregorian calendar on 1918 Feb 15.
***************
*** 1375,1381 ****
  			3:00	Russia	MS%s	1991 Mar 31 2:00s
  			2:00	1:00  "EET DST"	1991 Sep 29 2:00s
  			2:00	M-Eur	EET%s
! #			This may change to `EC' soon.

  # Luxembourg
  # Whitman disagrees with most of these dates in minor ways; go with Shanks.
--- 1399,1405 ----
  			3:00	Russia	MS%s	1991 Mar 31 2:00s
  			2:00	1:00  "EET DST"	1991 Sep 29 2:00s
  			2:00	M-Eur	EET%s
! #			This may change to `EU' soon.

  # Luxembourg
  # Whitman disagrees with most of these dates in minor ways; go with Shanks.
***************
*** 1410,1416 ****
  			0:00	Belgium	WET%s	1940 May 14 3:00
  			1:00	M-Eur	WET%s	1944 Sep 18 3:00
  			1:00	Belgium	MET%s	1977
! 			1:00	EC	MET%s

  # Macedonia
  # They switched from the Julian to the Gregorian calendar on 1918 Mar 18.
--- 1434,1440 ----
  			0:00	Belgium	WET%s	1940 May 14 3:00
  			1:00	M-Eur	WET%s	1944 Sep 18 3:00
  			1:00	Belgium	MET%s	1977
! 			1:00	EU	MET%s

  # Macedonia
  # They switched from the Julian to the Gregorian calendar on 1918 Mar 18.
***************
*** 1420,1426 ****
  			1:00	M-Eur	MET%s	1945 May  8  2:00s
  			1:00	1:00  "MET DST"	1945 Sep 16  2:00s
  			1:00	-	MET	1983
! 			1:00	EC	MET%s

  # Malta
  # Rule	NAME	FROM	TO	TYPE	IN	ON	AT	SAVE	LETTER/S
--- 1444,1450 ----
  			1:00	M-Eur	MET%s	1945 May  8  2:00s
  			1:00	1:00  "MET DST"	1945 Sep 16  2:00s
  			1:00	-	MET	1983
! 			1:00	EU	MET%s

  # Malta
  # Rule	NAME	FROM	TO	TYPE	IN	ON	AT	SAVE	LETTER/S
***************
*** 1437,1443 ****
  			1:00	M-Eur	MET%s	1945 Apr  2 2:00s
  			1:00	Italy	MET%s	1973 Mar 31
  			1:00	Malta	MET%s	1981
! 			1:00	EC	MET%s

  # Moldova
  # They switched from the Julian to the Gregorian calendar on 1919 Mar 18.
--- 1461,1467 ----
  			1:00	M-Eur	MET%s	1945 Apr  2 2:00s
  			1:00	Italy	MET%s	1973 Mar 31
  			1:00	Malta	MET%s	1981
! 			1:00	EU	MET%s

  # Moldova
  # They switched from the Julian to the Gregorian calendar on 1919 Mar 18.
***************
*** 1447,1453 ****
  			3:00	Russia	MS%s	1991 Mar 31 2:00s
  			2:00	1:00  "EET DST"	1991 Sep 29 2:00s
  			2:00	M-Eur	EET%s
! #			This may change to `EC' soon.

  # Monaco
  # Shanks gives 0:09 for Paris Mean Time; go with Howse's more precise 0:09:21.
--- 1471,1477 ----
  			3:00	Russia	MS%s	1991 Mar 31 2:00s
  			2:00	1:00  "EET DST"	1991 Sep 29 2:00s
  			2:00	M-Eur	EET%s
! #			This may change to `EU' soon.

  # Monaco
  # Shanks gives 0:09 for Paris Mean Time; go with Howse's more precise 0:09:21.
***************
*** 1456,1462 ****
  			0:09:21	-	PMT	1911 Mar 11    # Paris Mean Time
  			0:00	France	WET%s	1945 Sep 16 3:00
  			1:00	France	MET%s	1977
! 			1:00	EC	MET%s

  # Netherlands
  # Howse writes that the Netherlands' railways used GMT between 1892 and 1940,
--- 1480,1486 ----
  			0:09:21	-	PMT	1911 Mar 11    # Paris Mean Time
  			0:00	France	WET%s	1945 Sep 16 3:00
  			1:00	France	MET%s	1977
! 			1:00	EU	MET%s

  # Netherlands
  # Howse writes that the Netherlands' railways used GMT between 1892 and 1940,
***************
*** 1493,1499 ****
  			0:20	Neth	%s	1940 May 16 0:40
  			1:00	M-Eur	MET%s	1945 Apr  2 2:00
  			1:00	Neth	MET%s	1977
! 			1:00	EC	MET%s

  # Norway
  # Rule	NAME	FROM	TO	TYPE	IN	ON	AT	SAVE	LETTER/S
--- 1517,1523 ----
  			0:20	Neth	%s	1940 May 16 0:40
  			1:00	M-Eur	MET%s	1945 Apr  2 2:00
  			1:00	Neth	MET%s	1977
! 			1:00	EU	MET%s

  # Norway
  # Rule	NAME	FROM	TO	TYPE	IN	ON	AT	SAVE	LETTER/S
***************
*** 1514,1520 ****
  			1:00	Norway	MET%s	1940 Aug 10 23:00
  			1:00	M-Eur	MET%s	1945 Apr  2  2:00
  			1:00	Norway	MET%s	1980
! 			1:00	EC	MET%s
  # Svalbard is like Europe/Oslo.
  #
  # From Whitman:
--- 1538,1544 ----
  			1:00	Norway	MET%s	1940 Aug 10 23:00
  			1:00	M-Eur	MET%s	1945 Apr  2  2:00
  			1:00	Norway	MET%s	1980
! 			1:00	EU	MET%s
  # Svalbard is like Europe/Oslo.
  #
  # From Whitman:
***************
*** 1555,1561 ****
  			1:00	M-Eur	MET%s	1944 Oct
  			1:00	Poland	MET%s	1977 Apr  3 1:00
  			1:00	W-Eur	MET%s
! #			This may change to `EC' soon.

  # Portugal
  # Rule	NAME	FROM	TO	TYPE	IN	ON	AT	SAVE	LETTER/S
--- 1579,1585 ----
  			1:00	M-Eur	MET%s	1944 Oct
  			1:00	Poland	MET%s	1977 Apr  3 1:00
  			1:00	W-Eur	MET%s
! #			This may change to `EU' soon.

  # Portugal
  # Rule	NAME	FROM	TO	TYPE	IN	ON	AT	SAVE	LETTER/S
***************
*** 1625,1640 ****
  			 0:00	Port	WET%s	1966 Apr  3 2:00
  			 1:00	-	MET	1976 Sep 26 1:00
  			 0:00	Port	WET%s	1983 Sep 25 1:00s
! 			 0:00	EC	WET%s	1992 Sep 27 1:00s
  # From Rui Pedro Salgueiro <rps@inescca.inescc.pt> (November 12, 1992):
  # Portugal has recently (September, 27) changed timezone
  # (from WET to MET or CET) to harmonize with EEC.
! 			 1:00	EC	MET%s	1996 Mar 31 1:00u
  # Martin Bruckmann <martin@ua.pt> (1996-02-29) reports via Peter Ilieve
  # that Portugal is reverting to 0:00 by not moving its clocks this spring.
  # The new Prime Minister was fed up with getting up in the dark in the winter.
  			 0:00	1:00  "WET DST"	1996 Oct 27 1:00u
! 			 0:00	EC	WET%s
  # We don't know what happened to Madeira or the Azores,
  # so we'll just use Shanks for now.
  # Zone	NAME		GMTOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]
--- 1649,1664 ----
  			 0:00	Port	WET%s	1966 Apr  3 2:00
  			 1:00	-	MET	1976 Sep 26 1:00
  			 0:00	Port	WET%s	1983 Sep 25 1:00s
! 			 0:00	EU	WET%s	1992 Sep 27 1:00s
  # From Rui Pedro Salgueiro <rps@inescca.inescc.pt> (November 12, 1992):
  # Portugal has recently (September, 27) changed timezone
  # (from WET to MET or CET) to harmonize with EEC.
! 			 1:00	EU	MET%s	1996 Mar 31 1:00u
  # Martin Bruckmann <martin@ua.pt> (1996-02-29) reports via Peter Ilieve
  # that Portugal is reverting to 0:00 by not moving its clocks this spring.
  # The new Prime Minister was fed up with getting up in the dark in the winter.
  			 0:00	1:00  "WET DST"	1996 Oct 27 1:00u
! 			 0:00	EU	WET%s
  # We don't know what happened to Madeira or the Azores,
  # so we'll just use Shanks for now.
  # Zone	NAME		GMTOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]
***************
*** 1649,1655 ****
  			-1:00	Port	ACT%s	1966 Apr  3 2:00
  			 0:00	-	WET	1977 Mar 27
  			 0:00	Port	WET%s	1983 Sep 25 1:00s
! 			 0:00	EC	WET%s

  # Romania
  # Catholic Romania switched from the Julian to the Gregorian calendar on
--- 1673,1679 ----
  			-1:00	Port	ACT%s	1966 Apr  3 2:00
  			 0:00	-	WET	1977 Mar 27
  			 0:00	Port	WET%s	1983 Sep 25 1:00s
! 			 0:00	EU	WET%s

  # Romania
  # Catholic Romania switched from the Julian to the Gregorian calendar on
***************
*** 1667,1673 ****
  			1:44	-	BMT	1931 Jul 24	# Bucharest MT
  			2:00	Romania	EET%s	1981 Mar 29 2:00s
  			2:00	M-Eur	EET%s
! #			This may change to `EC' soon.

  # Russia
  # From Paul Eggert <eggert@twinsun.com> (May 28, 1994):
--- 1691,1697 ----
  			1:44	-	BMT	1931 Jul 24	# Bucharest MT
  			2:00	Romania	EET%s	1981 Mar 29 2:00s
  			2:00	M-Eur	EET%s
! #			This may change to `EU' soon.

  # Russia
  # From Paul Eggert <eggert@twinsun.com> (May 28, 1994):
***************
*** 1714,1720 ****
  # I do not know why they have decided to make this change;
  # as far as I remember it was done exactly during winter->summer switching
  # so we (Novosibirsk) simply did not switch.
- # Tomsk is still 4 hours ahead of Moscow.
  Zone Asia/Novosibirsk	 5:31:40 -	LMT	1924 May  2
  			 6:00	-	NSK	1957 Mar
  			 7:00	Russia	NS%s	1991 Mar 31 2:00s
--- 1738,1743 ----
***************
*** 1723,1734 ****
  			 7:00	Russia	NS%s	1994 Mar 27 2:00s
  			 6:00	1:00	NSD	1994 Sep 25 2:00s
  			 6:00	Russia	NS%s
! Zone Asia/Tomsk		 5:39:52 -	LMT	1924 May  2
! 			 6:00	-	TSK	1957 Mar
! 			 7:00	Russia	TS%s	1991 Mar 31 2:00s
! 			 6:00	1:00	TSD	1991 Sep 29 2:00s
! 			 6:00	-	TSK	1992 Jan 19 2:00s
! 			 7:00	Russia	TS%s
  Zone Asia/Irkutsk	 6:57:20 -	LMT	1880
  			 6:57	-	LST	1924 May  2
  			 7:00	-	ISK	1957 Mar
--- 1746,1757 ----
  			 7:00	Russia	NS%s	1994 Mar 27 2:00s
  			 6:00	1:00	NSD	1994 Sep 25 2:00s
  			 6:00	Russia	NS%s
! Zone Asia/Krasnoyarsk	 6:11:20 -	LMT	1924 May  2
! 			 6:00	-	KRSK	1957 Mar
! 			 7:00	Russia	KRS%s	1991 Mar 31 2:00s
! 			 6:00	1:00	KRSD	1991 Sep 29 2:00s
! 			 6:00	-	KRSK	1992 Jan 19 2:00s
! 			 7:00	Russia	KRS%s
  Zone Asia/Irkutsk	 6:57:20 -	LMT	1880
  			 6:57	-	LST	1924 May  2
  			 7:00	-	ISK	1957 Mar
***************
*** 1780,1786 ****
  			1:00	M-Eur	MET%s	1945 May  8  2:00s
  			1:00	1:00  "MET DST"	1945 Sep 16  2:00s
  			1:00	-	MET	1983
! 			1:00	EC	MET%s

  # Spain
  # Rule	NAME	FROM	TO	TYPE	IN	ON	AT	SAVE	LETTER/S
--- 1803,1809 ----
  			1:00	M-Eur	MET%s	1945 May  8  2:00s
  			1:00	1:00  "MET DST"	1945 Sep 16  2:00s
  			1:00	-	MET	1983
! 			1:00	EU	MET%s

  # Spain
  # Rule	NAME	FROM	TO	TYPE	IN	ON	AT	SAVE	LETTER/S
***************
*** 1825,1836 ****
  Zone	Europe/Madrid	-0:14:44 -	LMT	1901
  			 0:00	Spain	WET%s	1946 Sep 30
  			 1:00	Spain	MET%s	1979
! 			 1:00	EC	MET%s
  Zone	Atlantic/Canary	-1:01:36 -	LMT	1922 Mar # Las Palmas de Gran C.
  			-1:00	-	ACT	1946 Sep 30 1:00
  			 0:00	-	WET	1980 Apr  6 0:00s
  			 0:00	1:00  "WET DST"	1980 Sep 28 0:00s
! 			 0:00	EC	WET%s

  # Sweden
  # Zone	NAME		GMTOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]
--- 1848,1859 ----
  Zone	Europe/Madrid	-0:14:44 -	LMT	1901
  			 0:00	Spain	WET%s	1946 Sep 30
  			 1:00	Spain	MET%s	1979
! 			 1:00	EU	MET%s
  Zone	Atlantic/Canary	-1:01:36 -	LMT	1922 Mar # Las Palmas de Gran C.
  			-1:00	-	ACT	1946 Sep 30 1:00
  			 0:00	-	WET	1980 Apr  6 0:00s
  			 0:00	1:00  "WET DST"	1980 Sep 28 0:00s
! 			 0:00	EU	WET%s

  # Sweden
  # Zone	NAME		GMTOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]
***************
*** 1839,1845 ****
  			1:00	-	MET	1916 Apr 14 23:00s
  			1:00	1:00  "MET DST"	1916 Sep 30 23:00s
  			1:00	-	MET	1980
! 			1:00	EC	MET%s

  # Switzerland
  # From Howse (1988), p 82:
--- 1862,1868 ----
  			1:00	-	MET	1916 Apr 14 23:00s
  			1:00	1:00  "MET DST"	1916 Sep 30 23:00s
  			1:00	-	MET	1980
! 			1:00	EU	MET%s

  # Switzerland
  # From Howse (1988), p 82:
***************
*** 1857,1863 ****
  Zone	Europe/Zurich	0:34:08 -	LMT	1848 Sep 12
  			0:30	-	SST	1894 Jun   # Swiss Standard Time
  			1:00	Swiss	MET%s	1981
! 			1:00	EC	MET%s

  # Turkey
  # European Turkey switched to the Gregorian calendar in 1908.
--- 1880,1886 ----
  Zone	Europe/Zurich	0:34:08 -	LMT	1848 Sep 12
  			0:30	-	SST	1894 Jun   # Swiss Standard Time
  			1:00	Swiss	MET%s	1981
! 			1:00	EU	MET%s

  # Turkey
  # European Turkey switched to the Gregorian calendar in 1908.
***************
*** 1922,1928 ****
  			3:00	Turkey	TUR%s	1985 Apr 20
  			2:00	Turkey	EET%s	1986
  			2:00	M-Eur	EET%s
! #			This may change to `EC' soon.
  Link	Europe/Istanbul	Asia/Istanbul	# Istanbul is in both continents.

  # Ukraine
--- 1945,1951 ----
  			3:00	Turkey	TUR%s	1985 Apr 20
  			2:00	Turkey	EET%s	1986
  			2:00	M-Eur	EET%s
! #			This may change to `EU' soon.
  Link	Europe/Istanbul	Asia/Istanbul	# Istanbul is in both continents.

  # Ukraine
***************
*** 1940,1946 ****
  			2:00	-	EET	1930 Jun 21
  			3:00	Russia	MS%s	1990 Jul 17
  			2:00	M-Eur	EET%s
! #			This may change to `EC' soon.
  Zone Europe/Simferopol	2:16:24 -	LMT	1880
  			2:08	Russia	LST%s	1919 Jul  1 2:00
  			2:08	Ukraine	LST%s	1924 May  2
--- 1963,1969 ----
  			2:00	-	EET	1930 Jun 21
  			3:00	Russia	MS%s	1990 Jul 17
  			2:00	M-Eur	EET%s
! #			This may change to `EU' soon.
  Zone Europe/Simferopol	2:16:24 -	LMT	1880
  			2:08	Russia	LST%s	1919 Jul  1 2:00
  			2:08	Ukraine	LST%s	1924 May  2
***************
*** 1962,1968 ****
  			1:00	M-Eur	MET%s	1945 May  8  2:00s
  			1:00	1:00  "MET DST"	1945 Sep 16  2:00s
  			1:00	-	MET	1983
! 			1:00	EC	MET%s

  ###############################################################################

--- 1985,1991 ----
  			1:00	M-Eur	MET%s	1945 May  8  2:00s
  			1:00	1:00  "MET DST"	1945 Sep 16  2:00s
  			1:00	-	MET	1983
! 			1:00	EU	MET%s

  ###############################################################################