[tz] [PATCH] Switch back to ASCII for symbols.

Garrett Wollman reported privately that XEmacs 21.4.22, the current stable version, doesn't work with the UTF-8 recently introduced into our commentary. For example, the UTF-8 character '−' (MINUS SIGN), which is stored as the three bytes "\342\210\222", displays as 'â\210\222'. For proper names this is annoying but tolerable, as there's little loss in utility from (say) 'Racoviță' to its display form 'RacoviÈ\233Ä\203'. But for symbols this is a real pain that can make it hard to understand the documentation, e.g., 'Release 2014e – 2014-06-12 21:53:52 −0700' displays as 'Release 2014e â\200\223 2014-06-12 21:53:52 â\210\2220700'. To work around this problem, make the following substitutions in commentary to mostly revert these symbols to their pre-UTF-8 versions: '§' -> 'section', '°' -> 'degrees', '±' -> '+-', '–' -> '-' (en dash), '—' -> '--' (em dash), '′' -> "'", '″' -> '"', '→' -> '->', '−' -> '-' (minus sign), '≤' -> '<='. Leave proper names and foreign words in UTF-8. --- NEWS | 535 +++++++++++++++++++++++++++++------------------------------ README | 4 +- Theory | 118 ++++++------- africa | 36 ++-- antarctica | 162 +++++++++--------- asia | 86 +++++----- australasia | 60 +++---- europe | 130 +++++++-------- northamerica | 177 ++++++++++---------- pacificnew | 2 +- southamerica | 112 ++++++------- tz-art.htm | 8 +- tz-link.htm | 38 ++--- 13 files changed, 734 insertions(+), 734 deletions(-) diff --git a/NEWS b/NEWS index 4f8a6ce..6db64d9 100644 --- a/NEWS +++ b/NEWS @@ -20,9 +20,8 @@ Unreleased, experimental changes Changes affecting documentation and commentary Documentation and commentary now prefer UTF-8 to US-ASCII, - allowing the use of proper accents in foreign words and names, - and distinguishing among hyphen '-', minus sign '−', en dash '–', - and em dash '—'. Code and data have not changed because of this. + allowing the use of proper accents in foreign words and names. + Code and data have not changed because of this. Non-HTML documentation and commentary now use plain-text URLs instead of HTML insertions, and are more consistent about bracketing URLs when they @@ -35,7 +34,7 @@ Unreleased, experimental changes Commentary about permanent Antarctic bases has been updated. -Release 2014e – 2014-06-12 21:53:52 −0700 +Release 2014e - 2014-06-12 21:53:52 -0700 Changes affecting near-future time stamps @@ -63,7 +62,7 @@ Release 2014e – 2014-06-12 21:53:52 −0700 removes stale pointers to World Time Explorer and WORLDTIME. -Release 2014d – 2014-05-27 21:34:40 −0700 +Release 2014d - 2014-05-27 21:34:40 -0700 Changes affecting code @@ -78,7 +77,7 @@ Release 2014d – 2014-05-27 21:34:40 −0700 tz-link.htm now mentions GNOME. -Release 2014c – 2014-05-13 07:44:13 −0700 +Release 2014c - 2014-05-13 07:44:13 -0700 Changes affecting near-future time stamps @@ -103,7 +102,7 @@ Release 2014c – 2014-05-13 07:44:13 −0700 Remove now-confusing comment about Jordan. (Thanks to Oleksii Nochovnyi.) -Release 2014b – 2014-03-24 21:28:50 −0700 +Release 2014b - 2014-03-24 21:28:50 -0700 Changes affecting near-future time stamps @@ -142,7 +141,7 @@ Release 2014b – 2014-03-24 21:28:50 −0700 (Thanks to Sebastien Willemijns.) -Release 2014a – 2014-03-07 23:30:29 −0800 +Release 2014a - 2014-03-07 23:30:29 -0800 Changes affecting near-future time stamps @@ -211,12 +210,12 @@ Release 2014a – 2014-03-07 23:30:29 −0800 abbr elements' title attributes. -Release 2013i – 2013-12-17 07:25:23 −0800 +Release 2013i - 2013-12-17 07:25:23 -0800 Changes affecting near-future time stamps: Jordan switches back to standard time at 00:00 on December 20, 2013. - The 2006–2011 transition schedule is planned to resume in 2014. + The 2006-2011 transition schedule is planned to resume in 2014. (Thanks to Steffen Thorsen.) Changes affecting past time stamps: @@ -233,7 +232,7 @@ Release 2013i – 2013-12-17 07:25:23 −0800 Changes affecting documentation and commentary The files solar87, solar88, and solar89 are no longer distributed. - They were a negative experiment – that is, a demonstration that + They were a negative experiment - that is, a demonstration that tz data can represent solar time only with some difficulty and error. Their presence in the distribution caused confusion, as Riyadh civil time was generally not solar time in those years. @@ -241,7 +240,7 @@ Release 2013i – 2013-12-17 07:25:23 −0800 tz-link.htm now mentions Noda Time. (Thanks to Matt Johnson.) -Release 2013h – 2013-10-25 15:32:32 −0700 +Release 2013h - 2013-10-25 15:32:32 -0700 Changes affecting current and future time stamps: @@ -253,7 +252,7 @@ Release 2013h – 2013-10-25 15:32:32 −0700 Changes affecting future time stamps: - Acre and (we guess) western Amazonas will switch from UTC−4 to UTC−5 + Acre and (we guess) western Amazonas will switch from UTC-4 to UTC-5 on 2013-11-10. This affects America/Rio_Branco and America/Eirunepe. (Thanks to Steffen Thorsen.) @@ -300,7 +299,7 @@ Release 2013h – 2013-10-25 15:32:32 −0700 8.1 introduces tz support. Remove URLs for Tru64 and UnixWare (no longer maintained) and for old advisories. SOFA now does C. -Release 2013g – 2013-09-30 21:08:26 −0700 +Release 2013g - 2013-09-30 21:08:26 -0700 Changes affecting current and near-future time stamps @@ -333,7 +332,7 @@ Release 2013g – 2013-09-30 21:08:26 −0700 the end of NEWS. -Release 2013f – 2013-09-24 23:37:36 −0700 +Release 2013f - 2013-09-24 23:37:36 -0700 Changes affecting near-future time stamps @@ -380,7 +379,7 @@ Release 2013f – 2013-09-24 23:37:36 −0700 'make set-timestamps' is now simpler and a bit more portable. -Release 2013e – 2013-09-19 23:50:04 −0700 +Release 2013e - 2013-09-19 23:50:04 -0700 Changes affecting near-future time stamps @@ -397,13 +396,13 @@ Release 2013e – 2013-09-19 23:50:04 −0700 Benny Lin.) This affects Asia/Dili, Asia/Jakarta, Asia/Jayapura, Asia/Makassar, and Asia/Pontianak. - Use ART (UTC−3, standard time), rather than WARST (also UTC−3, but + Use ART (UTC-3, standard time), rather than WARST (also UTC-3, but daylight saving time) for San Luis, Argentina since 2009. Changes affecting Godthåb time stamps after 2037 if version mismatch Allow POSIX-like TZ strings where the transition time's hour can - range from −167 through 167, instead of the POSIX-required 0 + range from -167 through 167, instead of the POSIX-required 0 through 24. E.g., TZ='FJT-12FJST,M10.3.1/146,M1.3.4/75' for the new Fiji rules. This is a more-compact way to represent far-future time stamps for America/Godthab, America/Santiago, @@ -446,7 +445,7 @@ Release 2013e – 2013-09-19 23:50:04 −0700 confirming that the old Europe/Vaduz zone was wrong and the new link is better for WWII-era times.) - Change Kingston Mean Time from −5:07:12 to −5:07:11. This affects + Change Kingston Mean Time from -5:07:12 to -5:07:11. This affects America/Cayman, America/Jamaica and America/Grand_Turk time stamps from 1890 to 1912. @@ -605,7 +604,7 @@ Release 2013e – 2013-09-19 23:50:04 −0700 Update shapefile citations in tz-link.htm. (Thanks to Guy Harris.) -Release 2013d – 2013-07-05 07:38:01 −0700 +Release 2013d - 2013-07-05 07:38:01 -0700 Changes affecting future time stamps: @@ -648,10 +647,10 @@ Release 2013d – 2013-07-05 07:38:01 −0700 Spelling fixes (thanks to Kevin Lyda and Jonathan Leffler). - Update URL for CLDR Zone→Tzid table (thanks to Yoshito Umaoka). + Update URL for CLDR Zone->Tzid table (thanks to Yoshito Umaoka). -Release 2013c – 2013-04-19 16:17:40 −0700 +Release 2013c - 2013-04-19 16:17:40 -0700 Changes affecting current and future time stamps: @@ -685,7 +684,7 @@ Release 2013c – 2013-04-19 16:17:40 −0700 Fix times of habitation for Macquarie to agree with the Tasmania Parks & Wildlife Service history, which indicates that permanent - habitation was 1899–1919 and 1948 on. + habitation was 1899-1919 and 1948 on. Changing affecting metadata only: @@ -696,7 +695,7 @@ Release 2013c – 2013-04-19 16:17:40 −0700 (Thanks to Tim Parenti.) -Release 2013b – 2013-03-10 22:33:40 −0700 +Release 2013b - 2013-03-10 22:33:40 -0700 Changes affecting current and future time stamps: @@ -714,11 +713,11 @@ Release 2013b – 2013-03-10 22:33:40 −0700 Update URLs in tz-link page. Add URLs for webOS, BB10, iOS. Update URL for Solaris. Mention Internet RFC 6557. - Update Internet RFCs 2445→5545, 2822→5322. + Update Internet RFCs 2445->5545, 2822->5322. Switch from FTP to HTTP for Internet RFCs. -Release 2013a – 2013-02-27 09:20:35 −0800 +Release 2013a - 2013-02-27 09:20:35 -0800 Change affecting binary data format: @@ -736,7 +735,7 @@ Release 2013a – 2013-02-27 09:20:35 −0800 Many changes affect historical time stamps before 1940. These were deduced from: Milne J. Civil time. Geogr J. 1899 - Feb;13(2):173–94 <http://www.jstor.org/stable/1774359>. + Feb;13(2):173-94 <http://www.jstor.org/stable/1774359>. Changes affecting the code: @@ -769,7 +768,7 @@ Release 2013a – 2013-02-27 09:20:35 −0800 Add "Run by the Monkeys" to tz-art. (Thanks to Arthur David Olson.) -Release 2012j – 2012-11-12 18:34:49 −0800 +Release 2012j - 2012-11-12 18:34:49 -0800 Libya moved to CET this weekend, but with DST planned next year. (Thanks to Even Scharning, Steffen Thorsen, and Tim Parenti.) @@ -794,7 +793,7 @@ Release 2012j – 2012-11-12 18:34:49 −0800 Various fixes to documentation and commentary. -Release 2012i – 2012-11-03 12:57:09 −0700 +Release 2012i - 2012-11-03 12:57:09 -0700 Cuba switches from DST tomorrow at 01:00. (Thanks to Steffen Thorsen.) @@ -813,7 +812,7 @@ Release 2012i – 2012-11-03 12:57:09 −0700 The main web page now lists the canonical IANA URL. -Release 2012h – 2012-10-26 22:49:10 −0700 +Release 2012h - 2012-10-26 22:49:10 -0700 Bahia no longer has DST. (Thanks to Kelley Cook.) @@ -829,7 +828,7 @@ Release 2012h – 2012-10-26 22:49:10 −0700 the instances of 'register' were kept. -Release 2012g – 2012-10-17 20:59:45 −0700 +Release 2012g - 2012-10-17 20:59:45 -0700 Samoa fall 2012 and later. (Thanks to Nicholas Pereira and Robert Elz.) @@ -846,13 +845,13 @@ Release 2012g – 2012-10-17 20:59:45 −0700 virtue of not adding more files. -Release 2012f – 2012-09-12 23:17:03 −0700 +Release 2012f - 2012-09-12 23:17:03 -0700 * australasia (Pacific/Fiji): Fiji DST is October 21 through January 20 this year. (Thanks to Steffen Thorsen.) -Release 2012e – 2012-08-02 20:44:55 −0700 +Release 2012e - 2012-08-02 20:44:55 -0700 * australasia (Pacific/Fakaofo): Tokelau is UTC+13, not UTC+14. (Thanks to Steffen Thorsen.) @@ -864,14 +863,14 @@ Release 2012e – 2012-08-02 20:44:55 −0700 * Remove trailing white space. -Release code2012c-data2012d – 2012-07-19 16:35:33 −0700 +Release code2012c-data2012d - 2012-07-19 16:35:33 -0700 Changes for Morocco's time stamps, which take effect in a couple of hours, along with infrastructure changes to accommodate how the tz code and data are released on IANA. -Release data2012c – 2012-03-27 12:17:25 −0400 +Release data2012c - 2012-03-27 12:17:25 -0400 africa Summer time changes for Morocco (to start late April 2012) @@ -884,7 +883,7 @@ Release data2012c – 2012-03-27 12:17:25 −0400 for now anyway, for the future). -Release 2012b – 2012-03-02 12:29:15 +0700 +Release 2012b - 2012-03-02 12:29:15 +0700 There is just one change to tzcode2012b (compared with 2012a): the Makefile that was accidentally included with 2012a has been @@ -902,7 +901,7 @@ Release 2012b – 2012-03-02 12:29:15 +0700 in 2012a has been removed. -Release 2012a – 2012-03-01 18:28:10 +0700 +Release 2012a - 2012-03-01 18:28:10 +0700 The changes in tzcode2012a (compared to the previous version, 2011i) are entirely to the README and tz-art.htm and tz-link.htm files, if @@ -928,9 +927,9 @@ Release 2012a – 2012-03-01 18:28:10 +0700 A few typos in Le Corre's list of free French place names (comments) -Release data2011n – 2011-10-30 14:57:54 +0700 +Release data2011n - 2011-10-30 14:57:54 +0700 - There are three changes of note – most urgently, Cuba (America/Havana) + There are three changes of note - most urgently, Cuba (America/Havana) has extended summer time by two weeks, now to end on Nov 13, rather than the (already past) Oct 30. Second, the Pridnestrovian Moldavian Republic (Europe/Tiraspol) decided not to split from the rest of Moldova after @@ -941,11 +940,11 @@ Release data2011n – 2011-10-30 14:57:54 +0700 Apart from that, Moldova (MD) returns to a single entry in zone.tab (and the incorrect syntax that was in the 2011m version of that file - is so fixed – it would have been fixed in a different way had this - change not happened – that's the "missing" sccs version id). + is so fixed - it would have been fixed in a different way had this + change not happened - that's the "missing" sccs version id). -Release data2011m – 2011-10-24 21:42:16 +0700 +Release data2011m - 2011-10-24 21:42:16 +0700 In particular, the typos in comments in the data (2011-11-17 should have been 2011-10-17 as Alan Barrett noted, and spelling of Tiraspol that @@ -960,10 +959,10 @@ Release data2011m – 2011-10-24 21:42:16 +0700 version numbers there...) -Release data2011l – 2011-10-10 11:15:43 +0700 +Release data2011l - 2011-10-10 11:15:43 +0700 There are just 2 changes that cause different generated tzdata files from - zic, to Asia/Hebron and Pacific/Fiji – the possible change for Bahia, Brazil + zic, to Asia/Hebron and Pacific/Fiji - the possible change for Bahia, Brazil is included, but commented out. Compared with the diff I sent out last week, this version also includes attributions for the sources for the changes (in much the same format as ado used, but the html tags have not been @@ -971,307 +970,307 @@ Release data2011l – 2011-10-10 11:15:43 +0700 please let me know.) -Release data2011k – 2011-09-20 17:54:03 −0400 +Release data2011k - 2011-09-20 17:54:03 -0400 [not summarized] -Release data2011j – 2011-09-12 09:22:49 −0400 +Release data2011j - 2011-09-12 09:22:49 -0400 (contemporary changes for Samoa; past changes for Kenya, Uganda, and Tanzania); there are also two spelling corrections to comments in the australasia file (with thanks to Christos Zoulas). -Release 2011i – 2011-08-29 05:56:32 −0400 +Release 2011i - 2011-08-29 05:56:32 -0400 [not summarized] -Release data2011h – 2011-06-15 18:41:48 −0400 +Release data2011h - 2011-06-15 18:41:48 -0400 Russia and Curaçao changes -Release 2011g – 2011-04-25 09:07:22 −0400 +Release 2011g - 2011-04-25 09:07:22 -0400 update the rules for Egypt to reflect its abandonment of DST this year -Release 2011f – 2011-04-06 17:14:53 −0400 +Release 2011f - 2011-04-06 17:14:53 -0400 [not summarized] -Release 2011e – 2011-03-31 16:04:38 −0400 +Release 2011e - 2011-03-31 16:04:38 -0400 Morocco, Chile, and tz-link changes -Release 2011d – 2011-03-14 09:18:01 −0400 +Release 2011d - 2011-03-14 09:18:01 -0400 changes that impact present-day time stamps in Cuba, Samoa, and Turkey -Release 2011c – 2011-03-07 09:30:09 −0500 +Release 2011c - 2011-03-07 09:30:09 -0500 These do affect current time stamps in Chile and Annette Island, Canada. -Release 2011b – 2011-02-07 08:44:50 −0500 +Release 2011b - 2011-02-07 08:44:50 -0500 [not summarized] -Release 2011a – 2011-01-24 10:30:16 −0500 +Release 2011a - 2011-01-24 10:30:16 -0500 [not summarized] -Release data2010o – 2010-11-01 09:18:23 −0400 +Release data2010o - 2010-11-01 09:18:23 -0400 change to the end of DST in Fiji in 2011 -Release 2010n – 2010-10-25 08:19:17 −0400 +Release 2010n - 2010-10-25 08:19:17 -0400 [not summarized] -Release 2010m – 2010-09-27 09:24:48 −0400 +Release 2010m - 2010-09-27 09:24:48 -0400 Hong Kong, Vostok, and zic.c changes -Release 2010l – 2010-08-16 06:57:25 −0400 +Release 2010l - 2010-08-16 06:57:25 -0400 [not summarized] -Release 2010k – 2010-07-26 10:42:27 −0400 +Release 2010k - 2010-07-26 10:42:27 -0400 [not summarized] -Release 2010j – 2010-05-10 09:07:48 −0400 +Release 2010j - 2010-05-10 09:07:48 -0400 changes for Bahía de Banderas and for version naming -Release data2010i – 2010-04-16 18:50:45 −0400 +Release data2010i - 2010-04-16 18:50:45 -0400 the end of DST in Morocco on 2010-08-08 -Release data2010h – 2010-04-05 09:58:56 −0400 +Release data2010h - 2010-04-05 09:58:56 -0400 [not summarized] -Release data2010g – 2010-03-24 11:14:53 −0400 +Release data2010g - 2010-03-24 11:14:53 -0400 [not summarized] -Release 2010f – 2010-03-22 09:45:46 −0400 +Release 2010f - 2010-03-22 09:45:46 -0400 [not summarized] -Release data2010e – 2010-03-08 14:24:27 −0500 +Release data2010e - 2010-03-08 14:24:27 -0500 corrects the Dhaka bug found by Danvin Ruangchan -Release data2010d – 2010-03-06 07:26:01 −0500 +Release data2010d - 2010-03-06 07:26:01 -0500 [not summarized] -Release 2010c – 2010-03-01 09:20:58 −0500 +Release 2010c - 2010-03-01 09:20:58 -0500 changes including KRE's suggestion for earlier initialization of "goahead" and "goback" structure elements -Release code2010a – 2010-02-16 10:40:04 −0500 +Release code2010a - 2010-02-16 10:40:04 -0500 [not summarized] -Release data2010b – 2010-01-20 12:37:01 −0500 +Release data2010b - 2010-01-20 12:37:01 -0500 Mexico changes -Release data2010a – 2010-01-18 08:30:04 −0500 +Release data2010a - 2010-01-18 08:30:04 -0500 changes to Dhaka -Release data2009u – 2009-12-26 08:32:28 −0500 +Release data2009u - 2009-12-26 08:32:28 -0500 changes to DST in Bangladesh -Release 2009t – 2009-12-21 13:24:27 −0500 +Release 2009t - 2009-12-21 13:24:27 -0500 [not summarized] -Release data2009s – 2009-11-14 10:26:32 −0500 +Release data2009s - 2009-11-14 10:26:32 -0500 (cosmetic) Antarctica change and the DST-in-Fiji-in-2009-and-2010 change -Release 2009r – 2009-11-09 10:10:31 −0500 +Release 2009r - 2009-11-09 10:10:31 -0500 "antarctica" and "tz-link.htm" changes -Release 2009q – 2009-11-02 09:12:40 −0500 +Release 2009q - 2009-11-02 09:12:40 -0500 with two corrections as reported by Eric Muller and Philip Newton -Release data2009p – 2009-10-23 15:05:27 −0400 +Release data2009p - 2009-10-23 15:05:27 -0400 Argentina (including San Luis) changes (with the correction from Mariano Absatz) -Release data2009o – 2009-10-14 16:49:38 −0400 +Release data2009o - 2009-10-14 16:49:38 -0400 Samoa (commentary only), Pakistan, and Bangladesh changes -Release data2009n – 2009-09-22 15:13:38 −0400 +Release data2009n - 2009-09-22 15:13:38 -0400 added commentary for Argentina and a change to the end of DST in 2009 in Pakistan -Release data2009m – 2009-09-03 10:23:43 −0400 +Release data2009m - 2009-09-03 10:23:43 -0400 Samoa and Palestine changes -Release data2009l – 2009-08-14 09:13:07 −0400 +Release data2009l - 2009-08-14 09:13:07 -0400 Samao (comments only) and Egypt -Release 2009k – 2009-07-20 09:46:08 −0400 +Release 2009k - 2009-07-20 09:46:08 -0400 [not summarized] -Release data2009j – 2009-06-15 06:43:59 −0400 +Release data2009j - 2009-06-15 06:43:59 -0400 Bangladesh change (with a short turnaround since the DST change is impending) -Release 2009i – 2009-06-08 09:21:22 −0400 +Release 2009i - 2009-06-08 09:21:22 -0400 updating for DST in Bangladesh this year -Release 2009h – 2009-05-26 09:19:14 −0400 +Release 2009h - 2009-05-26 09:19:14 -0400 [not summarized] -Release data2009g – 2009-04-20 16:34:07 −0400 +Release data2009g - 2009-04-20 16:34:07 -0400 Cairo -Release data2009f – 2009-04-10 11:00:52 −0400 +Release data2009f - 2009-04-10 11:00:52 -0400 correct DST in Pakistan -Release 2009e – 2009-04-06 09:08:11 −0400 +Release 2009e - 2009-04-06 09:08:11 -0400 [not summarized] -Release 2009d – 2009-03-23 09:38:12 −0400 +Release 2009d - 2009-03-23 09:38:12 -0400 Morocco, Tunisia, Argentina, and American Astronomical Society changes -Release data2009c – 2009-03-16 09:47:51 −0400 +Release data2009c - 2009-03-16 09:47:51 -0400 change to the start of Cuban DST -Release 2009b – 2009-02-09 11:15:22 −0500 +Release 2009b - 2009-02-09 11:15:22 -0500 [not summarized] -Release 2009a – 2009-01-21 10:09:39 −0500 +Release 2009a - 2009-01-21 10:09:39 -0500 [not summarized] -Release data2008i – 2008-10-21 12:10:25 −0400 +Release data2008i - 2008-10-21 12:10:25 -0400 southamerica and zone.tab files, with Argentina DST rule changes and United States zone reordering and recommenting -Release 2008h – 2008-10-13 07:33:56 −0400 +Release 2008h - 2008-10-13 07:33:56 -0400 [not summarized] -Release 2008g – 2008-10-06 09:03:18 −0400 +Release 2008g - 2008-10-06 09:03:18 -0400 Fix a broken HTML anchor and update Brazil's DST transitions; there's also a slight reordering of information in tz-art.htm. -Release data2008f – 2008-09-09 22:33:26 −0400 +Release data2008f - 2008-09-09 22:33:26 -0400 [not summarized] -Release 2008e – 2008-07-28 14:11:17 −0400 +Release 2008e - 2008-07-28 14:11:17 -0400 changes by Arthur David Olson and Jesper Norgaard Welen -Release data2008d – 2008-07-07 09:51:38 −0400 +Release data2008d - 2008-07-07 09:51:38 -0400 changes by Arthur David Olson, Paul Eggert, and Rodrigo Severo -Release data2008c – 2008-05-19 17:48:03 −0400 +Release data2008c - 2008-05-19 17:48:03 -0400 Pakistan, Morocco, and Mongolia -Release data2008b – 2008-03-24 08:30:59 −0400 +Release data2008b - 2008-03-24 08:30:59 -0400 including renaming Asia/Calcutta to Asia/Kolkata, with a backward link provided -Release 2008a – 2008-03-08 05:42:16 −0500 +Release 2008a - 2008-03-08 05:42:16 -0500 [not summarized] -Release 2007k – 2007-12-31 10:25:22 −0500 +Release 2007k - 2007-12-31 10:25:22 -0500 most importantly, changes to the "southamerica" file based on Argentina's readoption of daylight saving time -Release 2007j – 2007-12-03 09:51:01 −0500 +Release 2007j - 2007-12-03 09:51:01 -0500 1. eliminate the "P" (parameter) macro; @@ -1284,18 +1283,18 @@ Release 2007j – 2007-12-03 09:51:01 −0500 4. changes by Paul Eggert (including updated information for Venezuela). -Release data2007i – 2007-10-30 10:28:11 −0400 +Release data2007i - 2007-10-30 10:28:11 -0400 changes for Cuba and Syria -Release 2007h – 2007-10-01 10:05:51 −0400 +Release 2007h - 2007-10-01 10:05:51 -0400 changes by Paul Eggert, as well as an updated link to the ICU project in tz-link.htm -Release 2007g – 2007-08-20 10:47:59 −0400 +Release 2007g - 2007-08-20 10:47:59 -0400 changes by Paul Eggert @@ -1306,7 +1305,7 @@ Release 2007g – 2007-08-20 10:47:59 −0400 There's an addition to tz-art.htm regarding the television show "Medium". -Release 2007f – 2007-05-07 10:46:46 −0400 +Release 2007f - 2007-05-07 10:46:46 -0400 changes by Paul Eggert (including Haiti, Turks and Caicos, and New Zealand) @@ -1315,26 +1314,26 @@ Release 2007f – 2007-05-07 10:46:46 −0400 Paul's improved time value overflow checking) -Release 2007e – 2007-04-02 10:11:52 −0400 +Release 2007e - 2007-04-02 10:11:52 -0400 Syria and Honduras changes by Paul Eggert zic.c variable renaming changes by Arthur David Olson -Release 2007d – 2007-03-20 08:48:30 −0400 +Release 2007d - 2007-03-20 08:48:30 -0400 changes by Paul Eggert the elimination of white space at the ends of lines -Release 2007c – 2007-02-26 09:09:37 −0500 +Release 2007c - 2007-02-26 09:09:37 -0500 changes by Paul Eggert -Release 2007b – 2007-02-12 09:34:20 −0500 +Release 2007b - 2007-02-12 09:34:20 -0500 Paul Eggert's proposed change to the quotation handling logic in zic.c. @@ -1343,7 +1342,7 @@ Release 2007b – 2007-02-12 09:34:20 −0500 of June 2007. -Release 2007a – 2007-01-08 12:28:29 −0500 +Release 2007a - 2007-01-08 12:28:29 -0500 changes by Paul Eggert @@ -1354,51 +1353,51 @@ Release 2007a – 2007-01-08 12:28:29 −0500 symbolic link changes -Release 2006p – 2006-11-27 08:54:27 −0500 +Release 2006p - 2006-11-27 08:54:27 -0500 changes by Paul Eggert -Release 2006o – 2006-11-06 09:18:07 −0500 +Release 2006o - 2006-11-06 09:18:07 -0500 changes by Paul Eggert -Release 2006n – 2006-10-10 11:32:06 −0400 +Release 2006n - 2006-10-10 11:32:06 -0400 changes by Paul Eggert -Release 2006m – 2006-10-02 15:32:35 −0400 +Release 2006m - 2006-10-02 15:32:35 -0400 changes for Uruguay, Palestine, and Egypt by Paul Eggert (minimalist) changes to zic.8 to clarify "until" information -Release data2006l – 2006-09-18 12:58:11 −0400 +Release data2006l - 2006-09-18 12:58:11 -0400 Paul's best-effort work on this coming weekend's Egypt time change -Release 2006k – 2006-08-28 12:19:09 −0400 +Release 2006k - 2006-08-28 12:19:09 -0400 changes by Paul Eggert -Release 2006j – 2006-08-21 09:56:32 −0400 +Release 2006j - 2006-08-21 09:56:32 -0400 changes by Paul Eggert -Release code2006i – 2006-08-07 12:30:55 −0400 +Release code2006i - 2006-08-07 12:30:55 -0400 localtime.c fixes Ken Pizzini's conversion script -Release code2006h – 2006-07-24 09:19:37 −0400 +Release code2006h - 2006-07-24 09:19:37 -0400 adds public domain notices to four files @@ -1407,25 +1406,25 @@ Release code2006h – 2006-07-24 09:19:37 −0400 adds a new recording to the "arts" file (information courtesy Colin Bowern) -Release 2006g – 2006-05-08 17:18:09 −0400 +Release 2006g - 2006-05-08 17:18:09 -0400 northamerica changes by Paul Eggert -Release 2006f – 2006-05-01 11:46:00 −0400 +Release 2006f - 2006-05-01 11:46:00 -0400 a missing version number problem is fixed (with thanks to Bradley White for catching the problem) -Release 2006d – 2006-04-17 14:33:43 −0400 +Release 2006d - 2006-04-17 14:33:43 -0400 changes by Paul Eggert added new items to tz-arts.htm that were found by Paul -Release 2006c – 2006-04-03 10:09:32 −0400 +Release 2006c - 2006-04-03 10:09:32 -0400 two sets of data changes by Paul Eggert @@ -1436,7 +1435,7 @@ Release 2006c – 2006-04-03 10:09:32 −0400 version -Release 2006b – 2006-02-20 10:08:18 −0500 +Release 2006b - 2006-02-20 10:08:18 -0500 [tz32code2006b + tz64code2006b + tzdata2006b] 64-bit code @@ -1444,7 +1443,7 @@ Release 2006b – 2006-02-20 10:08:18 −0500 All SCCS IDs were bumped to "8.1" for this release. -Release 2006a – 2006-01-30 08:59:31 −0500 +Release 2006a - 2006-01-30 08:59:31 -0500 changes by Paul Eggert (in particular, Indiana time zone moves) @@ -1452,7 +1451,7 @@ Release 2006a – 2006-01-30 08:59:31 −0500 transitions are handled -Release 2005r – 2005-12-27 09:27:13 −0500 +Release 2005r - 2005-12-27 09:27:13 -0500 Canadian changes by Paul Eggert @@ -1461,7 +1460,7 @@ Release 2005r – 2005-12-27 09:27:13 −0500 "gettext" kept unbundled at the suggestion of Ken Pizzini). -Release 2005q – 2005-12-13 09:17:09 −0500 +Release 2005q - 2005-12-13 09:17:09 -0500 Nothing earth-shaking here: 1. Electronic mail addresses have been removed. @@ -1471,33 +1470,33 @@ Release 2005q – 2005-12-13 09:17:09 −0500 5. References to dead URLs in the data files have been dealt with. -Release 2005p – 2005-12-05 10:30:53 −0500 +Release 2005p - 2005-12-05 10:30:53 -0500 "systemv", "tz-link.htm", and "zdump.c" changes (less the casts of arguments to the is* macros) -Release 2005o – 2005-11-28 10:55:26 −0500 +Release 2005o - 2005-11-28 10:55:26 -0500 Georgia, Cuba, Nicaragua, and Jordan changes by Paul Eggert zdump.c lint fixes by Arthur David Olson -Release 2005n – 2005-10-03 09:44:09 −0400 +Release 2005n - 2005-10-03 09:44:09 -0400 changes by Paul Eggert (both the Uruguary changes and the Kyrgyzstan et al. changes) -Release 2005m – 2005-08-29 12:15:40 −0400 +Release 2005m - 2005-08-29 12:15:40 -0400 changes by Paul Eggert (with a small tweak to the tz-art change) a declaration of an unused variable has been removed from zdump.c -Release 2005l – 2005-08-22 12:06:39 −0400 +Release 2005l - 2005-08-22 12:06:39 -0400 changes by Paul Eggert @@ -1508,7 +1507,7 @@ Release 2005l – 2005-08-22 12:06:39 −0400 less than a doubling in size by my local Sun's reckoning) -Release 2005k – 2005-07-14 14:14:24 −0400 +Release 2005k - 2005-07-14 14:14:24 -0400 The "leapseconds" file has been edited to reflect the recently announced leap second at the end of 2005. @@ -1517,7 +1516,7 @@ Release 2005k – 2005-07-14 14:14:24 −0400 anti-spam measure. -Release 2005j – 2005-06-13 14:34:13 −0400 +Release 2005j - 2005-06-13 14:34:13 -0400 These reflect changes to limit the length of time zone abbreviations and the characters used in those abbreviations. @@ -1530,12 +1529,12 @@ Release 2005j – 2005-06-13 14:34:13 −0400 abbreviation checks. -Release data2005i – 2005-04-21 15:04:16 −0400 +Release data2005i - 2005-04-21 15:04:16 -0400 changes (most importantly to Nicaragua and Haiti) by Paul Eggert -Release 2005h – 2005-04-04 11:24:47 −0400 +Release 2005h - 2005-04-04 11:24:47 -0400 changes by Paul Eggert @@ -1543,23 +1542,23 @@ Release 2005h – 2005-04-04 11:24:47 −0400 when doing a "make typecheck" -Release 2005g – 2005-03-14 10:11:21 −0500 +Release 2005g - 2005-03-14 10:11:21 -0500 changes by Paul Eggert (a change to current DST rules in Uruguay and an update to a link to time zone software) -Release 2005f – 2005-03-01 08:45:32 −0500 +Release 2005f - 2005-03-01 08:45:32 -0500 data and documentation changes by Paul Eggert -Release 2005e – 2005-02-10 15:59:44 −0500 +Release 2005e - 2005-02-10 15:59:44 -0500 [not summarized] -Release code2005d – 2005-01-31 09:21:47 −0500 +Release code2005d - 2005-01-31 09:21:47 -0500 make zic complain about links to links if the -v flag is used @@ -1568,36 +1567,36 @@ Release code2005d – 2005-01-31 09:21:47 −0500 add an include to "localtime.c" for the benefit of gcc systems -Release 2005c – 2005-01-17 18:36:29 −0500 +Release 2005c - 2005-01-17 18:36:29 -0500 get better results when mktime runs on a system where time_t is double changes to the data files (most importantly to Paraguay) -Release 2005b – 2005-01-10 09:19:54 −0500 +Release 2005b - 2005-01-10 09:19:54 -0500 Get localtime and gmtime working on systems with exotic time_t types. Update the leap second commentary in the "leapseconds" file. -Release 2005a – 2005-01-01 13:13:44 −0500 +Release 2005a - 2005-01-01 13:13:44 -0500 [not summarized] -Release code2004i – 2004-12-14 13:42:58 −0500 +Release code2004i - 2004-12-14 13:42:58 -0500 Deal with systems where time_t is unsigned. -Release code2004h – 2004-12-07 11:40:18 −0500 +Release code2004h - 2004-12-07 11:40:18 -0500 64-bit-time_t changes -Release 2004g – 2004-11-02 09:06:01 −0500 +Release 2004g - 2004-11-02 09:06:01 -0500 update to Cuba (taking effect this weekend) @@ -1608,12 +1607,12 @@ Release 2004g – 2004-11-02 09:06:01 −0500 changed versions of difftime.c and private.h -Release code2004f – 2004-10-21 10:25:22 −0400 +Release code2004f - 2004-10-21 10:25:22 -0400 Cope with wide-ranging tm_year values. -Release 2004e – 2004-10-11 14:47:21 −0400 +Release 2004e - 2004-10-11 14:47:21 -0400 Brazil/Argentina/Israel changes by Paul Eggert @@ -1622,24 +1621,24 @@ Release 2004e – 2004-10-11 14:47:21 −0400 one small fix to Makefile -Release 2004d – 2004-09-22 08:27:29 −0400 +Release 2004d - 2004-09-22 08:27:29 -0400 Avoid overflow problems when TM_YEAR_BASE is added to an integer. -Release 2004c – 2004-08-11 12:06:26 −0400 +Release 2004c - 2004-08-11 12:06:26 -0400 asctime-related changes (variants of) some of the documentation changes suggested by Paul Eggert -Release 2004b – 2004-07-19 14:33:35 −0400 +Release 2004b - 2004-07-19 14:33:35 -0400 - data changes by Paul Eggert – most importantly, updates for Argentina + data changes by Paul Eggert - most importantly, updates for Argentina -Release 2004a – 2004-05-27 12:00:47 −0400 +Release 2004a - 2004-05-27 12:00:47 -0400 changes by Paul Eggert @@ -1650,7 +1649,7 @@ Release 2004a – 2004-05-27 12:00:47 −0400 DST in the Navajo Nation. -Release 2003e – 2003-12-15 09:36:47 −0500 +Release 2003e - 2003-12-15 09:36:47 -0500 changes by Arthur David Olson (primarily code changes) @@ -1660,18 +1659,18 @@ Release 2003e – 2003-12-15 09:36:47 −0500 optimization of the "Toronto" rules) -Release 2003d – 2003-10-06 09:34:44 −0400 +Release 2003d - 2003-10-06 09:34:44 -0400 changes by Paul Eggert -Release 2003c – 2003-09-16 10:47:05 −0400 +Release 2003c - 2003-09-16 10:47:05 -0400 Fix bad returns in zic.c's inleap function. Thanks to Bradley White for catching the problem! -Release 2003b – 2003-09-16 07:13:44 −0400 +Release 2003b - 2003-09-16 07:13:44 -0400 Add a "--version" option (and documentation) to the zic and zdump commands. @@ -1682,28 +1681,28 @@ Release 2003b – 2003-09-16 07:13:44 −0400 Update the leapseconds and tz-art.htm files. -Release 2003a – 2003-03-24 09:30:54 −0500 +Release 2003a - 2003-03-24 09:30:54 -0500 changes by Paul Eggert a few additions and modifications to the tz-art.htm file -Release 2002d – 2002-10-15 13:12:42 −0400 +Release 2002d - 2002-10-15 13:12:42 -0400 changes by Paul Eggert, less the "Britain (UK)" change in iso3166.tab There's also a new time zone quote in "tz-art.htm". -Release 2002c – 2002-04-04 11:55:20 −0500 +Release 2002c - 2002-04-04 11:55:20 -0500 changes by Paul Eggert Change zic.c to avoid creating symlinks to files that don't exist. -Release 2002b – 2002-01-28 12:56:03 −0500 +Release 2002b - 2002-01-28 12:56:03 -0500 [These change notes are for Release 2002a, which was corrupted. 2002b was a corrected version of 2002a.] @@ -1718,24 +1717,24 @@ Release 2002b – 2002-01-28 12:56:03 −0500 Change to "difftime.c" to avoid sizeof problems. -Release 2001d – 2001-10-09 13:31:32 −0400 +Release 2001d - 2001-10-09 13:31:32 -0400 changes by Paul Eggert -Release 2001c – 2001-06-05 13:59:55 −0400 +Release 2001c - 2001-06-05 13:59:55 -0400 changes by Paul Eggert and Andrew Brown -Release 2001b – 2001-04-05 16:44:38 −0400 +Release 2001b - 2001-04-05 16:44:38 -0400 changes by Paul Eggert (modulo jnorgard's typo fix) tz-art.htm has been htmlified. -Release 2001a – 2001-03-13 12:57:44 −0500 +Release 2001a - 2001-03-13 12:57:44 -0500 changes by Paul Eggert @@ -1747,7 +1746,7 @@ Release 2001a – 2001-03-13 12:57:44 −0500 converted to tabs. -Release 2000h – 2000-12-14 15:33:38 −0500 +Release 2000h - 2000-12-14 15:33:38 -0500 changes by Paul Eggert @@ -1756,7 +1755,7 @@ Release 2000h – 2000-12-14 15:33:38 −0500 With providence, this is the last update of the millenium. -Release 2000g – 2000-10-10 11:35:22 −0400 +Release 2000g - 2000-10-10 11:35:22 -0400 changes by Paul Eggert @@ -1766,7 +1765,7 @@ Release 2000g – 2000-10-10 11:35:22 −0400 Emmy Awards broadcast. -Release 2000f – 2000-08-10 09:31:58 −0400 +Release 2000f - 2000-08-10 09:31:58 -0400 changes by Paul Eggert @@ -1776,7 +1775,7 @@ Release 2000f – 2000-08-10 09:31:58 −0400 improved. -Release 2000e – 2000-07-31 09:27:54 −0400 +Release 2000e - 2000-07-31 09:27:54 -0400 data changes by Paul Eggert @@ -1785,7 +1784,7 @@ Release 2000e – 2000-07-31 09:27:54 −0400 the addition of a Dave Barry quote on DST to the tz-arts file -Release 2000d – 2000-04-20 15:43:04 −0400 +Release 2000d - 2000-04-20 15:43:04 -0400 changes to the documentation and code of strftime for C99 conformance @@ -1794,44 +1793,44 @@ Release 2000d – 2000-04-20 15:43:04 −0400 These are based on (though modified from) changes by Paul Eggert. -Release 2000c – 2000-03-04 10:31:43 −0500 +Release 2000c - 2000-03-04 10:31:43 -0500 changes by Paul Eggert -Release 2000b – 2000-02-21 12:16:29 −0500 +Release 2000b - 2000-02-21 12:16:29 -0500 changes by Paul Eggert and Joseph Myers modest tweaks to the tz-art.htm and tz-link.htm files -Release 2000a – 2000-01-18 09:21:26 −0500 +Release 2000a - 2000-01-18 09:21:26 -0500 changes by Paul Eggert The two hypertext documents have also been renamed. -Release code1999i-data1999j – 1999-11-15 18:43:22 −0500 +Release code1999i-data1999j - 1999-11-15 18:43:22 -0500 Paul Eggert's changes additions to the "zic" manual page and the "Arts.htm" file -Release code1999h-data1999i – 1999-11-08 14:55:21 −0500 +Release code1999h-data1999i - 1999-11-08 14:55:21 -0500 [not summarized] -Release data1999h – 1999-10-07 03:50:29 −0400 +Release data1999h - 1999-10-07 03:50:29 -0400 changes by Paul Eggert to "europe" (most importantly, fixing Lithuania and Estonia) -Release 1999g – 1999-09-28 11:06:18 −0400 +Release 1999g - 1999-09-28 11:06:18 -0400 data changes by Paul Eggert (most importantly, the change for Lebanon that buys correctness for this coming Sunday) @@ -1840,12 +1839,12 @@ Release 1999g – 1999-09-28 11:06:18 −0400 allow better checking of time zone files before they are published. -Release 1999f – 1999-09-23 09:48:14 −0400 +Release 1999f - 1999-09-23 09:48:14 -0400 changes by Arthur David Olson and Paul Eggert -Release 1999e – 1999-08-17 15:20:54 −0400 +Release 1999e - 1999-08-17 15:20:54 -0400 changes circulated by Paul Eggert, although the change to handling of DST-specifying time zone names has been commented out for now @@ -1856,7 +1855,7 @@ Release 1999e – 1999-08-17 15:20:54 −0400 cleanups of URLs. -Release 1999d – 1999-03-30 11:31:07 −0500 +Release 1999d - 1999-03-30 11:31:07 -0500 changes by Paul Eggert @@ -1865,12 +1864,12 @@ Release 1999d – 1999-03-30 11:31:07 −0500 avoid problems such as the one we had with Nicosia). -Release 1999c – 1999-03-25 09:47:47 −0500 +Release 1999c - 1999-03-25 09:47:47 -0500 changes by Paul Eggert, most importantly the change for Chile. -Release 1999b – 1999-02-01 17:51:44 −0500 +Release 1999b - 1999-02-01 17:51:44 -0500 changes by Paul Eggert @@ -1882,28 +1881,28 @@ Release 1999b – 1999-02-01 17:51:44 −0500 updates to the URLs in Arts.htm -Release 1999a – 1999-01-19 16:20:29 −0500 +Release 1999a - 1999-01-19 16:20:29 -0500 error message internationalizations and corrections in zic.c and zdump.c (as suggested by Vladimir Michl, vladimir.michl at upol.cz, to whom thanks!) -Release code1998h-data1998i – 1998-10-01 09:56:10 −0400 +Release code1998h-data1998i - 1998-10-01 09:56:10 -0400 changes for Brazil, Chile, and Germany support for use of "24:00" in the input files for the time zone compiler -Release code1998g-data1998h – 1998-09-24 10:50:28 −0400 +Release code1998g-data1998h - 1998-09-24 10:50:28 -0400 changes by Paul Eggert correction to a define in the "private.h" file -Release data1998g – 1998-08-11 03:28:35 −0000 +Release data1998g - 1998-08-11 03:28:35 -0000 [tzdata1998g.tar.gz is missing!] Lithuanian change provided by mgedmin at pub.osf.it @@ -1913,19 +1912,19 @@ Release data1998g – 1998-08-11 03:28:35 −0000 don't want the "backward" links (as suggested by Paul Eggert). -Release data1998f – 1998-07-20 13:50:00 −0000 +Release data1998f - 1998-07-20 13:50:00 -0000 [tzdata1998f.tar.gz is missing!] Update the "leapseconds" file to include the newly-announced insertion at the end of 1998. -Release code1998f – 1998-06-01 10:18:31 −0400 +Release code1998f - 1998-06-01 10:18:31 -0400 addition to localtime.c by Guy Harris -Release 1998e – 1998-05-28 09:56:26 −0400 +Release 1998e - 1998-05-28 09:56:26 -0400 The Makefile is changed to produce zoneinfo-posix rather than zoneinfo/posix, and to produce zoneinfo-leaps rather than @@ -1938,14 +1937,14 @@ Release 1998e – 1998-05-28 09:56:26 −0400 A usno1998 file (substantially identical to usno1997) has been added. -Release 1998d – 1998-05-14 11:58:34 −0400 +Release 1998d - 1998-05-14 11:58:34 -0400 changes to comments (in particular, elimination of references to CIA maps). "Arts.htm", "WWW.htm", "asia", and "australasia" are the only places where changes occur. -Release 1998c – 1998-02-28 12:32:26 −0500 +Release 1998c - 1998-02-28 12:32:26 -0500 changes by Paul Eggert (save the "French correction," on which I'll wait for the dust to settle) @@ -1955,23 +1954,23 @@ Release 1998c – 1998-02-28 12:32:26 −0500 changes and additions to Arts.htm -Release 1998b – 1998-01-17 14:31:51 −0500 +Release 1998b - 1998-01-17 14:31:51 -0500 URL cleanups and additions -Release 1998a – 1998-01-13 12:37:35 −0500 +Release 1998a - 1998-01-13 12:37:35 -0500 changes by Paul Eggert -Release code1997i-data1997k – 1997-12-29 09:53:41 −0500 +Release code1997i-data1997k - 1997-12-29 09:53:41 -0500 changes by Paul Eggert, with minor modifications from Arthur David Olson to make the files more browser friendly -Release code1997h-data1997j – 1997-12-18 17:47:35 −0500 +Release code1997h-data1997j - 1997-12-18 17:47:35 -0500 minor changes to put "TZif" at the start of each time zone information file @@ -1981,12 +1980,12 @@ Release code1997h-data1997j – 1997-12-18 17:47:35 −0500 full "make install" with its other effects). -Release data1997i – 1997-10-07 08:45:38 −0400 +Release data1997i - 1997-10-07 08:45:38 -0400 changes to Africa by Paul Eggert -Release code1997g-data1997h – 1997-09-04 16:56:54 −0400 +Release code1997g-data1997h - 1997-09-04 16:56:54 -0400 corrections for Uruguay (and other locations) @@ -1995,7 +1994,7 @@ Release code1997g-data1997h – 1997-09-04 16:56:54 −0400 upon which arithmetic has been performed. -Release code1997f-data1997g – 1997-07-19 13:15:02 −0400 +Release code1997f-data1997g - 1997-07-19 13:15:02 -0400 Paul Eggert's updates @@ -2005,7 +2004,7 @@ Release code1997f-data1997g – 1997-07-19 13:15:02 −0400 include information on Around the World in Eighty Days. -Release code1997e-data1997f – 1997-05-03 18:52:34 −0400 +Release code1997e-data1997f - 1997-05-03 18:52:34 -0400 fixes to zic's error handling @@ -2017,24 +2016,24 @@ Release code1997e-data1997f – 1997-05-03 18:52:34 −0400 A new piece of tz-related music has been added to the "Music" file. -Release code1997d-data1997e – 1997-03-29 12:48:52 −0500 +Release code1997d-data1997e - 1997-03-29 12:48:52 -0500 Paul Eggert's latest suggestions -Release code1997c-data1997d – 1997-03-07 20:37:54 −0500 +Release code1997c-data1997d - 1997-03-07 20:37:54 -0500 changes to "zic.c" to correct performance of the "-s" option a new file "usno1997" -Release data1997c – 1997-03-04 09:58:18 −0500 +Release data1997c - 1997-03-04 09:58:18 -0500 changes in Israel -Release 1997b – 1997-02-27 18:34:19 −0500 +Release 1997b - 1997-02-27 18:34:19 -0500 The data file incorporates the 1997 leap second. @@ -2042,83 +2041,83 @@ Release 1997b – 1997-02-27 18:34:19 −0500 zic/multiprocessor/directory-creation situation. -Release 1997a – 1997-01-21 09:11:10 −0500 +Release 1997a - 1997-01-21 09:11:10 -0500 Paul Eggert's Antarctica (and other changes) Arthur David Olson finessed the "getopt" issue by checking against - both −1 and EOF (regardless of POSIX, SunOS 4.1.1's manual says −1 + both -1 and EOF (regardless of POSIX, SunOS 4.1.1's manual says -1 is returned while SunOS 5.5's manual says EOF is returned). -Release code1996o-data1996n – 1996-12-27 21:42:05 −0500 +Release code1996o-data1996n - 1996-12-27 21:42:05 -0500 Paul Eggert's latest changes -Release code1996n – 1996-12-16 09:42:02 −0500 +Release code1996n - 1996-12-16 09:42:02 -0500 link snapping fix from Bruce Evans (via Garrett Wollman) -Release data1996m – 1996-11-24 02:37:34 −0000 +Release data1996m - 1996-11-24 02:37:34 -0000 [tzdata1996m.tar.gz is missing!] Paul Eggert's batch of changes -Release code1996m-data1996l – 1996-11-05 14:00:12 −0500 +Release code1996m-data1996l - 1996-11-05 14:00:12 -0500 No functional changes here; the files have simply been changed to make more use of ISO style dates in comments. The names of the above files now include the year in full. -Release code96l – 1996-09-08 17:12:20 −0400 +Release code96l - 1996-09-08 17:12:20 -0400 tzcode96k was missing a couple of pieces. -Release 96k – 1996-09-08 16:06:22 −0400 +Release 96k - 1996-09-08 16:06:22 -0400 the latest round of changes from Paul Eggert the recent Year 2000 material -Release code96j – 1996-07-30 13:18:53 −0400 +Release code96j - 1996-07-30 13:18:53 -0400 Set sp->typecnt as suggested by Timothy Patrick Murphy. -Release code96i – 1996-07-27 20:11:35 −0400 +Release code96i - 1996-07-27 20:11:35 -0400 Paul's suggested patch for strftime %V week numbers -Release data96i – 1996-07-01 18:13:04 −0400 +Release data96i - 1996-07-01 18:13:04 -0400 "northamerica" and "europe" changes by Paul Eggert -Release code96h – 1996-06-05 08:02:21 −0400 +Release code96h - 1996-06-05 08:02:21 -0400 fix for handling transitions specified in Universal Time Some "public domain" notices have also been added. -Release code96g – 1996-05-16 14:00:26 −0400 +Release code96g - 1996-05-16 14:00:26 -0400 fix for the simultaneous-DST-and-zone-change challenge -Release data96h – 1996-05-09 17:40:51 −0400 +Release data96h - 1996-05-09 17:40:51 -0400 changes by Paul Eggert -Release code96f-data96g – 1996-05-03 03:09:59 −0000 +Release code96f-data96g - 1996-05-03 03:09:59 -0000 [tzcode96f.tar.gz + tzdata96g.tar.gz are both missing!] The changes get us some of the way to fixing the problems noted in Paul @@ -2132,7 +2131,7 @@ Release code96f-data96g – 1996-05-03 03:09:59 −0000 should ease maintenance.) -Release data96f – 1996-04-19 19:20:03 −0000 +Release data96f - 1996-04-19 19:20:03 -0000 [tzdata96f.tar.gz is missing!] The only changes are to the "northamerica" file; the time zone @@ -2140,50 +2139,50 @@ Release data96f – 1996-04-19 19:20:03 −0000 comments for Mexico have been updated. -Release data96e – 1996-03-19 17:37:26 −0500 +Release data96e - 1996-03-19 17:37:26 -0500 Proposals by Paul Eggert, in particular the Portugal change that comes into play at the end of this month. -Release data96d – 1996-03-18 20:49:39 −0500 +Release data96d - 1996-03-18 20:49:39 -0500 [not summarized] -Release code96e – 1996-02-29 15:43:27 −0000 +Release code96e - 1996-02-29 15:43:27 -0000 [tzcode96e.tar.gz is missing!] internationalization changes and the fix to the documentation for strftime -Release code96d-data96c – 1996-02-12 11:05:27 −0500 +Release code96d-data96c - 1996-02-12 11:05:27 -0500 The "code" file simply updates Bob Kridle's electronic address. The "data" file updates rules for Mexico. -Release data96b – 1996-01-27 15:44:42 −0500 +Release data96b - 1996-01-27 15:44:42 -0500 Kiribati change -Release code96c – 1996-01-16 16:58:15 −0500 +Release code96c - 1996-01-16 16:58:15 -0500 leap-year streamlining and binary-search changes fix to newctime.3 -Release code96b – 1996-01-10 20:42:39 −0500 +Release code96b - 1996-01-10 20:42:39 -0500 fixes and enhancements from Paul Eggert, including code that emulates the behavior of recent versions of the SunOS "date" command. -Release 96a – 1996-01-06 09:08:24 −0500 +Release 96a - 1996-01-06 09:08:24 -0500 Israel updates @@ -2192,32 +2191,32 @@ Release 96a – 1996-01-06 09:08:24 −0500 numbers (which are not necessarily the same as calendar year numbers) -Release code95i-data95m – 1995-12-21 12:46:47 −0500 +Release code95i-data95m - 1995-12-21 12:46:47 -0500 The latest revisions from Paul Eggert are included, the usno1995 file has been updated, and a new file ("WWW") covering useful URLs has been added. -Release code95h-data95l – 1995-12-19 18:10:12 −0500 +Release code95h-data95l - 1995-12-19 18:10:12 -0500 A simplification of a macro definition, a change to data for Sudan, and (for last minute shoppers) notes in the "Music" file on the CD "Old Man Time". -Release code95g-data95k – 1995-10-30 10:32:47 −0500 +Release code95g-data95k - 1995-10-30 10:32:47 -0500 (slightly reformatted) 8-bit-clean proposed patch - minor patch: US/Eastern → America/New_York + minor patch: US/Eastern -> America/New_York snapshot of the USNO's latest data ("usno1995") some other minor cleanups -Release code95f-data95j – 1995-10-28 21:01:34 −0000 +Release code95f-data95j - 1995-10-28 21:01:34 -0000 [tzcode95f.tar.gz + tzdata95j.tar.gz are both missing!] European cleanups @@ -2227,63 +2226,63 @@ Release code95f-data95j – 1995-10-28 21:01:34 −0000 optimization in localtime.c -Release code95e – 1995-10-13 13:23:57 −0400 +Release code95e - 1995-10-13 13:23:57 -0400 the mktime change to scan from future to past when trying to find time zone offsets -Release data95i – 1995-09-26 10:43:26 −0400 +Release data95i - 1995-09-26 10:43:26 -0400 For Canada/Central, guess that the Sun customer's "one week too early" was just a approximation, and the true error is one month too early. This is consistent with the rest of Canada. -Release data95h – 1995-09-21 11:26:48 −0400 +Release data95h - 1995-09-21 11:26:48 -0400 latest changes from Paul Eggert -Release code95d – 1995-09-14 11:14:45 −0400 +Release code95d - 1995-09-14 11:14:45 -0400 the addition of a "Music" file, which documents four recorded versions of the tune "Save That Time". -Release data95g – 1995-09-01 17:21:36 −0400 +Release data95g - 1995-09-01 17:21:36 -0400 "yearistype" correction -Release data95f – 1995-08-28 20:46:56 −0400 +Release data95f - 1995-08-28 20:46:56 -0400 Paul Eggert's change to the australasia file -Release data95e – 1995-07-08 18:02:34 −0400 +Release data95e - 1995-07-08 18:02:34 -0400 The only change is a leap second at the end of this year. Thanks to Bradley White for forwarding news on the leap second. -Release data95d – 1995-07-03 13:26:22 −0400 +Release data95d - 1995-07-03 13:26:22 -0400 Paul Eggert's changes -Release data95c – 1995-07-02 19:19:28 −0400 +Release data95c - 1995-07-02 19:19:28 -0400 changes to "asia", "backward", "europe", and "southamerica" (read: northamericacentrics need not apply) -Release code95c – 1995-03-13 14:00:46 −0500 +Release code95c - 1995-03-13 14:00:46 -0500 one-line fix for sign extension problems in detzcode -Release 95b – 1995-03-04 11:22:38 −0500 +Release 95b - 1995-03-04 11:22:38 -0500 Minor changes in both: @@ -2293,7 +2292,7 @@ Release 95b – 1995-03-04 11:22:38 −0500 The "data" file contains a fixed "Link" for America/Shiprock. -Release 94h – 1994-12-10 12:51:14 −0500 +Release 94h - 1994-12-10 12:51:14 -0500 The files: @@ -2303,55 +2302,55 @@ Release 94h – 1994-12-10 12:51:14 −0500 * incorporate the table changes by Paul Eggert; * include (and document) support for universal time specifications in - data files – but do not (yet) include use of this feature in the + data files - but do not (yet) include use of this feature in the data files. - Think of this as "TZ Classic" – the software has been set up not to break if + Think of this as "TZ Classic" - the software has been set up not to break if universal time shows up in its input, and the data has been left as is so as not to break existing implementations. -Release data94f – 1994-08-20 12:56:09 −0400 +Release data94f - 1994-08-20 12:56:09 -0400 (with thanks!) the latest data updates from Paul Eggert -Release data94e – 1994-06-04 13:13:53 −0400 +Release data94e - 1994-06-04 13:13:53 -0400 [not summarized] -Release code94g – 1994-05-05 12:14:07 −0400 +Release code94g - 1994-05-05 12:14:07 -0400 fix missing "optind.c" and a reference to it in the Makefile -Release code94f – 1994-05-05 13:00:33 −0000 +Release code94f - 1994-05-05 13:00:33 -0000 [tzcode94f.tar.gz is missing!] changes to avoid overflow in difftime, as well as changes to cope with the 52/53 challenge in strftime -Release code94e – 1994-03-30 23:32:59 −0500 +Release code94e - 1994-03-30 23:32:59 -0500 change for the benefit of PCTS -Release 94d – 1994-02-24 15:42:25 −0500 +Release 94d - 1994-02-24 15:42:25 -0500 Avoid clashes with POSIX semantics for zones such as GMT+4. Some other very minor housekeeping is also present. -Release code94c – 1994-02-10 08:52:40 −0500 +Release code94c - 1994-02-10 08:52:40 -0500 Fix bug where mkdirs was broken unless you compile with -fwritable-strings (which is generally losing to do). -Release 94b – 1994-02-07 10:04:33 −0500 +Release 94b - 1994-02-07 10:04:33 -0500 work by Paul Eggert who notes: @@ -2367,49 +2366,49 @@ Release 94b – 1994-02-07 10:04:33 −0500 And I cleaned up the zic documentation a little bit. -Release data94a – 1994-02-03 08:58:54 −0500 +Release data94a - 1994-02-03 08:58:54 -0500 It simply incorporates the recently announced leap second into the "leapseconds" file. -Release 93g – 1993-11-22 17:28:27 −0500 +Release 93g - 1993-11-22 17:28:27 -0500 Paul Eggert has provided a good deal of historic information (based on Shanks), and there are some code changes to deal with the buglets that crawled out in dealing with the new information. -Release 93f – 1993-10-15 12:27:46 −0400 +Release 93f - 1993-10-15 12:27:46 -0400 Paul Eggert's changes -Release 93e – 1993-09-05 21:21:44 −0400 +Release 93e - 1993-09-05 21:21:44 -0400 There's updated data for Israel, England, and Kwajalein; there's also an update to "zdump" to cope with Kwajalein's 24-hour jump. Thanks to Paul Eggert and Peter Ilieve for the changes. -Release 93d – 1993-06-17 23:34:17 −0400 +Release 93d - 1993-06-17 23:34:17 -0400 new fix and new data on Israel -Release 93c – 1993-06-06 19:31:55 −0400 +Release 93c - 1993-06-06 19:31:55 -0400 [not summarized] -Release 93b – 1993-02-02 14:53:58 −0500 +Release 93b - 1993-02-02 14:53:58 -0500 updated "leapseconds" file -Release 93 – 1993-01-08 07:01:06 −0500 +Release 93 - 1993-01-08 07:01:06 -0500 - At kre's suggestion, the package has been split in two – a code piece + At kre's suggestion, the package has been split in two - a code piece (which also includes documentation) that's only of use to folks who want to recompile things and a data piece useful to anyone who can run "zic". @@ -2420,7 +2419,7 @@ Release 93 – 1993-01-08 07:01:06 −0500 solution). -Release 92c – 1992-11-21 17:35:36 −0000 +Release 92c - 1992-11-21 17:35:36 -0000 [tz92c.tar.Z is missing!] The fallout from the latest round of DST transitions. @@ -2429,7 +2428,7 @@ Release 92c – 1992-11-21 17:35:36 −0000 there's also a change to "zic.c" that makes it portable to more systems. -Release 92 – 1992-04-25 18:17:03 −0000 +Release 92 - 1992-04-25 18:17:03 -0000 [tz92.tar.Z is missing!] By popular demand (well, at any rate, following a request by kre at munnari) @@ -2483,7 +2482,7 @@ Release time stamps are taken from the release's commit (for newer, git releases), from the newest file in the tarball (for older releases, where this info is available) or from the email announcing the release (if all else fails; these are marked with a timezone of -−0000 and an "is missing!" comment). +-0000 and an "is missing!" comment). Earlier versions of the code and data were not announced on the tz list and are not summarized here. diff --git a/README b/README index bf9e1cc..0b0bbbe 100644 --- a/README +++ b/README @@ -1,7 +1,7 @@ README for the tz distribution -"What time is it?" — Richard Deacon as The King -"Any time you want it to be." — Frank Baxter as The Scientist +"What time is it?" -- Richard Deacon as The King +"Any time you want it to be." -- Frank Baxter as The Scientist (from the Bell System film "About Time") The Time Zone Database (often called tz or zoneinfo) contains code and diff --git a/Theory b/Theory index 263ae7c..17b08c6 100644 --- a/Theory +++ b/Theory @@ -42,8 +42,8 @@ POSIX has the following properties and limitations. in a quoted form like "<UTC+10>"; this allows "+" and "-" in the names. offset - is of the form '[±]hh:[mm[:ss]]' and specifies the - offset west of UT. 'hh' may be a single digit; 0≤hh≤24. + is of the form '[+-]hh:[mm[:ss]]' and specifies the + offset west of UT. 'hh' may be a single digit; 0<=hh<=24. The default DST offset is one hour ahead of standard time. date[/time],date[/time] specifies the beginning and end of DST. If this is absent, @@ -55,11 +55,11 @@ POSIX has the following properties and limitations. leading '+' or '-' is not allowed. date takes one of the following forms: - Jn (1≤n≤365) + Jn (1<=n<=365) origin-1 day number not counting February 29 - n (0≤n≤365) + n (0<=n<=365) origin-0 day number counting February 29 if present - Mm.n.d (0[Sunday]≤d≤6[Saturday], 1≤n≤5, 1≤m≤12) + Mm.n.d (0[Sunday]<=d<=6[Saturday], 1<=n<=5, 1<=m<=12) for the dth day of week n of month m of the year, where week 1 is the first week in which day d appears, and '5' stands for the last week in which day d appears @@ -87,11 +87,11 @@ POSIX has the following properties and limitations. * In POSIX, there's no tamper-proof way for a process to learn the system's best idea of local wall clock. (This is important for - applications that an administrator wants used only at certain times – + applications that an administrator wants used only at certain times - without regard to whether the user has fiddled the "TZ" environment variable. While an administrator can "do everything in UTC" to get around the problem, doing so is inconvenient and precludes handling - daylight saving time shifts – as might be required to limit phone + daylight saving time shifts - as might be required to limit phone calls to off-peak hours.) * POSIX requires that systems ignore leap seconds. @@ -156,7 +156,7 @@ These are the extensions that have been made to the POSIX functions: "tzsetwall();" if such code is moved to "old" systems that don't provide tzsetwall, you won't be able to generate an executable program. (These time zone functions also arrange for local wall clock time to be - used if tzset is called – directly or indirectly – and there's no "TZ" + used if tzset is called - directly or indirectly - and there's no "TZ" environment variable; portable applications should not, however, rely on this behavior since it's not the way SVR2 systems behave.) @@ -194,7 +194,7 @@ Points of interest to folks with other systems: The functions that are conditionally compiled if STD_INSPIRED is defined should, at this point, be looked on primarily as food for thought. They are -not in any sense "standard compatible" – some are not, in fact, specified in +not in any sense "standard compatible" - some are not, in fact, specified in *any* standard. They do, however, represent responses of various authors to standardization proposals. @@ -332,7 +332,7 @@ Errors in the tz database arise from many sources: enough to map SI seconds to historical solar time to more than about one-hour accuracy. See: Morrison LV, Stephenson FR. Historical values of the Earth's clock error Delta T and the - calculation of eclipses. J Hist Astron. 2004;35:327–36 + calculation of eclipses. J Hist Astron. 2004;35:327-36 <http://adsabs.harvard.edu/full/2004JHA....35..327M>; Historical values of the Earth's clock error. J Hist Astron. 2005;36:339 <http://adsabs.harvard.edu/full/2005JHA....36..339M>. @@ -373,7 +373,7 @@ among the following goals: number of updates and backward-compatibility hacks. For example, names of countries are ordinarily not used, to avoid incompatibilities when countries change their name - (e.g. Zaire→Congo) or when locations change countries + (e.g. Zaire->Congo) or when locations change countries (e.g. Hong Kong from UK colony to China). * Be portable to a wide variety of implementations. @@ -532,7 +532,7 @@ in decreasing order of importance: Application writers should note that these abbreviations are ambiguous in practice: e.g. 'EST' has a different meaning in Australia than it does in the United States. In new applications, it's often better -to use numeric UT offsets like '−0500' instead of time zone +to use numeric UT offsets like '-0500' instead of time zone abbreviations like 'EST'; this avoids the ambiguity. @@ -585,14 +585,14 @@ Executive Committee of the Supreme Soviet, if you like. Sweden (and Finland) From: Mark Brader -Subject: Re: Gregorian reform – a part of locale? +Subject: Re: Gregorian reform - a part of locale? <news:1996Jul6.012937.29190@sq.com> Date: 1996-07-06 In 1700, Denmark made the transition from Julian to Gregorian. Sweden decided to *start* a transition in 1700 as well, but rather than have one of those unsightly calendar gaps :-), they simply decreed that the next leap -year after 1696 would be in 1744 – putting the whole country on a calendar +year after 1696 would be in 1744 - putting the whole country on a calendar different from both Julian and Gregorian for a period of 40 years. However, in 1704 something went wrong and the plan was not carried through; @@ -614,93 +614,93 @@ Grotefend's data From: "Michael Palmer" [with one obvious typo fixed] Subject: Re: Gregorian Calendar (was Re: Another FHC related question Newsgroups: soc.genealogy.german -Date: Tue, 9 Feb 1999 02:32:48 −0800 +Date: Tue, 9 Feb 1999 02:32:48 -800 ... The following is a(n incomplete) listing, arranged chronologically, of European states, with the date they converted from the Julian to the Gregorian calendar: -04/15 Oct 1582 – Italy (with exceptions), Spain, Portugal, Poland (Roman +04/15 Oct 1582 - Italy (with exceptions), Spain, Portugal, Poland (Roman Catholics and Danzig only) -09/20 Dec 1582 – France, Lorraine +09/20 Dec 1582 - France, Lorraine 21 Dec 1582/ - 01 Jan 1583 – Holland, Brabant, Flanders, Hennegau -10/21 Feb 1583 – bishopric of Liege (Lüttich) -13/24 Feb 1583 – bishopric of Augsburg -04/15 Oct 1583 – electorate of Trier -05/16 Oct 1583 – Bavaria, bishoprics of Freising, Eichstedt, Regensburg, + 01 Jan 1583 - Holland, Brabant, Flanders, Hennegau +10/21 Feb 1583 - bishopric of Liege (Lüttich) +13/24 Feb 1583 - bishopric of Augsburg +04/15 Oct 1583 - electorate of Trier +05/16 Oct 1583 - Bavaria, bishoprics of Freising, Eichstedt, Regensburg, Salzburg, Brixen -13/24 Oct 1583 – Austrian Oberelsass and Breisgau -20/31 Oct 1583 – bishopric of Basel -02/13 Nov 1583 – duchy of Jülich-Berg -02/13 Nov 1583 – electorate and city of Köln -04/15 Nov 1583 – bishopric of Würzburg -11/22 Nov 1583 – electorate of Mainz -16/27 Nov 1583 – bishopric of Strassburg and the margraviate of Baden -17/28 Nov 1583 – bishopric of Münster and duchy of Cleve -14/25 Dec 1583 – Steiermark - -06/17 Jan 1584 – Austria and Bohemia -11/22 Jan 1584 – Luzern, Uri, Schwyz, Zug, Freiburg, Solothurn -12/23 Jan 1584 – Silesia and the Lausitz +13/24 Oct 1583 - Austrian Oberelsass and Breisgau +20/31 Oct 1583 - bishopric of Basel +02/13 Nov 1583 - duchy of Jülich-Berg +02/13 Nov 1583 - electorate and city of Köln +04/15 Nov 1583 - bishopric of Würzburg +11/22 Nov 1583 - electorate of Mainz +16/27 Nov 1583 - bishopric of Strassburg and the margraviate of Baden +17/28 Nov 1583 - bishopric of Münster and duchy of Cleve +14/25 Dec 1583 - Steiermark + +06/17 Jan 1584 - Austria and Bohemia +11/22 Jan 1584 - Luzern, Uri, Schwyz, Zug, Freiburg, Solothurn +12/23 Jan 1584 - Silesia and the Lausitz 22 Jan/ - 02 Feb 1584 – Hungary (legally on 21 Oct 1587) - Jun 1584 – Unterwalden -01/12 Jul 1584 – duchy of Westfalen + 02 Feb 1584 - Hungary (legally on 21 Oct 1587) + Jun 1584 - Unterwalden +01/12 Jul 1584 - duchy of Westfalen -16/27 Jun 1585 – bishopric of Paderborn +16/27 Jun 1585 - bishopric of Paderborn -14/25 Dec 1590 – Transylvania +14/25 Dec 1590 - Transylvania 22 Aug/ - 02 Sep 1612 – duchy of Prussia + 02 Sep 1612 - duchy of Prussia -13/24 Dec 1614 – Pfalz-Neuburg +13/24 Dec 1614 - Pfalz-Neuburg - 1617 – duchy of Kurland (reverted to the Julian calendar in + 1617 - duchy of Kurland (reverted to the Julian calendar in 1796) - 1624 – bishopric of Osnabrück + 1624 - bishopric of Osnabrück - 1630 – bishopric of Minden + 1630 - bishopric of Minden -15/26 Mar 1631 – bishopric of Hildesheim +15/26 Mar 1631 - bishopric of Hildesheim - 1655 – Kanton Wallis + 1655 - Kanton Wallis -05/16 Feb 1682 – city of Strassburg +05/16 Feb 1682 - city of Strassburg 18 Feb/ - 01 Mar 1700 – Protestant Germany (including Swedish possessions in + 01 Mar 1700 - Protestant Germany (including Swedish possessions in Germany), Denmark, Norway 30 Jun/ - 12 Jul 1700 – Gelderland, Zutphen + 12 Jul 1700 - Gelderland, Zutphen 10 Nov/ - 12 Dec 1700 – Utrecht, Overijssel + 12 Dec 1700 - Utrecht, Overijssel 31 Dec 1700/ - 12 Jan 1701 – Friesland, Groningen, Zürich, Bern, Basel, Geneva, + 12 Jan 1701 - Friesland, Groningen, Zürich, Bern, Basel, Geneva, Turgau, and Schaffhausen - 1724 – Glarus, Appenzell, and the city of St. Gallen + 1724 - Glarus, Appenzell, and the city of St. Gallen -01 Jan 1750 – Pisa and Florence +01 Jan 1750 - Pisa and Florence -02/14 Sep 1752 – Great Britain +02/14 Sep 1752 - Great Britain 17 Feb/ - 01 Mar 1753 – Sweden + 01 Mar 1753 - Sweden -1760–1812 – Graubünden +1760-1812 - Graubünden The Russian empire (including Finland and the Baltic states) did not convert to the Gregorian calendar until the Soviet revolution of 1917. Source: H. Grotefend, _Taschenbuch der Zeitrechnung des deutschen Mittelalters und der Neuzeit_, herausgegeben von Dr. O. Grotefend -(Hannover: Hahnsche Buchhandlung, 1941), pp. 26–28. +(Hannover: Hahnsche Buchhandlung, 1941), pp. 26-28. ----- Time and time zones on Mars ----- @@ -746,4 +746,4 @@ Michael Allison and Robert Schmunk, Jia-Rui Chong, "Workdays Fit for a Martian", Los Angeles Times <http://articles.latimes.com/2004/jan/14/science/sci-marstime14> -(2004-01-14), pp A1, A20–A21. +(2004-01-14), pp A1, A20-A21. diff --git a/africa b/africa index dc651b4..a79a121 100644 --- a/africa +++ b/africa @@ -25,7 +25,7 @@ # I found in the UCLA library. # # For data circa 1899, a common source is: -# Milne J. Civil time. Geogr J. 1899 Feb;13(2):173–94 +# Milne J. Civil time. Geogr J. 1899 Feb;13(2):173-94 # <http://www.jstor.org/stable/1774359>. # # A reliable and entertaining source about time zones is @@ -40,20 +40,20 @@ # the area that includes Nigeria is "West Africa". # He has heard of "Western Sahara Time" for +0:00 but can find no reference. # -# To make things confusing, 'WAT' seems to have been used for −1:00 long ago; -# I'd guess that this was because people needed _some_ name for −1:00, -# and at the time, far west Africa was the only major land area in −1:00. -# This usage is now obsolete, as the last use of −1:00 on the African +# To make things confusing, 'WAT' seems to have been used for -1:00 long ago; +# I'd guess that this was because people needed _some_ name for -1:00, +# and at the time, far west Africa was the only major land area in -1:00. +# This usage is now obsolete, as the last use of -1:00 on the African # mainland seems to have been 1976 in Western Sahara. # # To summarize, the following abbreviations seem to have some currency: -# −1:00 WAT West Africa Time (no longer used) +# -1:00 WAT West Africa Time (no longer used) # 0:00 GMT Greenwich Mean Time # 2:00 CAT Central Africa Time # 2:00 SAST South Africa Standard Time # and Murray suggests the following abbreviation: # 1:00 WAT West Africa Time -# I realize that this leads to 'WAT' being used for both −1:00 and 1:00 +# I realize that this leads to 'WAT' being used for both -1:00 and 1:00 # for times before 1976, but this is the best I can think of # until we get more information. # @@ -306,12 +306,12 @@ Rule Egypt 2007 only - Sep Thu>=1 24:00 0 - # (at least today). # From Alexander Krivenyshev (2010-07-20): -# According to News from Egypt – Al-Masry Al-Youm Egypt's cabinet has +# According to News from Egypt - Al-Masry Al-Youm Egypt's cabinet has # decided that Daylight Saving Time will not be used in Egypt during # Ramadan. # # Arabic translation: -# "Clocks to go back during Ramadan – and then forward again" +# "Clocks to go back during Ramadan - and then forward again" # http://www.almasryalyoum.com/en/news/clocks-go-back-during-ramadan-and-then-... # http://www.worldtimezone.com/dst_news/dst_news_egypt02.html @@ -479,8 +479,8 @@ Zone Africa/Maseru 1:50:00 - LMT 1903 Mar # Howse reports that it was in honor of their president's birthday. # Shank & Pottenger report the date as May 1, whereas Howse reports Jan; # go with Shanks & Pottenger. -# For Liberia before 1972, Shanks & Pottenger report −0:44, whereas Howse and -# Whitman each report −0:44:30; go with the more precise figure. +# For Liberia before 1972, Shanks & Pottenger report -0:44, whereas Howse and +# Whitman each report -0:44:30; go with the more precise figure. # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] Zone Africa/Monrovia -0:43:08 - LMT 1882 -0:43:08 - MMT 1919 Mar # Monrovia Mean Time @@ -627,7 +627,7 @@ Zone Africa/Nouakchott -1:03:48 - LMT 1912 # States of America. It will start at two o'clock in the morning on the # last Sunday of October and will end at two o'clock in the morning on # the last Sunday of March the following year. The summer time for the -# year 2008–2009 will, therefore, be effective as from 26 October 2008 +# year 2008-2009 will, therefore, be effective as from 26 October 2008 # and end on 29 March 2009. # From Ed Maste (2008-10-07): @@ -1020,11 +1020,11 @@ Zone Indian/Reunion 3:41:52 - LMT 1911 Jun # Saint-Denis # in French; no longer available as of 1999-08-17). # We have no info about their time zone histories. # -# Bassas da India – uninhabited -# Europa Island – inhabited from 1905 to 1910 by two families -# Glorioso Is – inhabited until at least 1958 -# Juan de Nova – uninhabited -# Tromelin – inhabited until at least 1958 +# Bassas da India - uninhabited +# Europa Island - inhabited from 1905 to 1910 by two families +# Glorioso Is - inhabited until at least 1958 +# Juan de Nova - uninhabited +# Tromelin - inhabited until at least 1958 # Rwanda # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] @@ -1068,7 +1068,7 @@ Zone Indian/Mahe 3:41:48 - LMT 1906 Jun # Victoria # Sierra Leone # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S -# Whitman gives Mar 31 – Aug 31 for 1931 on; go with Shanks & Pottenger. +# Whitman gives Mar 31 - Aug 31 for 1931 on; go with Shanks & Pottenger. Rule SL 1935 1942 - Jun 1 0:00 0:40 SLST Rule SL 1935 1942 - Oct 1 0:00 0 WAT Rule SL 1957 1962 - Jun 1 0:00 1:00 SLST diff --git a/antarctica b/antarctica index c6b4881..70d4dbe 100644 --- a/antarctica +++ b/antarctica @@ -3,7 +3,7 @@ # From Paul Eggert (1999-11-15): # To keep things manageable, we list only locations occupied year-round; see -# COMNAP – Stations and Bases +# COMNAP - Stations and Bases # <http://www.comnap.aq/comnap/comnap.nsf/P/Stations/> # and # Summary of the Peri-Antarctic Islands (1998-07-23) @@ -50,16 +50,16 @@ Rule ChileAQ 2011 only - Aug Sun>=16 4:00u 1:00 S Rule ChileAQ 2012 max - Apr Sun>=23 3:00u 0 - Rule ChileAQ 2012 max - Sep Sun>=2 4:00u 1:00 S -# Argentina – year-round bases -# Belgrano II, Confin Coast, −770227−0343737, since 1972-02-05 -# Carlini, Potter Cove, King George Island, −6414−0602320, since 1982-01 -# Esperanza, Hope Bay, −6323−05659, since 1952-12-17 -# Marambio, −6414−05637, since 1969-10-29 -# Orcadas, Laurie I, −6016−04444, since 1904-02-22 -# San Martín, Barry I, −6808−06706, since 1951-03-21 +# Argentina - year-round bases +# Belgrano II, Confin Coast, -770227-0343737, since 1972-02-05 +# Carlini, Potter Cove, King George Island, -6414-0602320, since 1982-01 +# Esperanza, Hope Bay, -6323-05659, since 1952-12-17 +# Marambio, -6414-05637, since 1969-10-29 +# Orcadas, Laurie I, -6016-04444, since 1904-02-22 +# San Martín, Barry I, -6808-06706, since 1951-03-21 # (except 1960-03 / 1976-03-21) -# Australia – territories +# Australia - territories # Heard Island, McDonald Islands (uninhabited) # previously sealers and scientific personnel wintered # Margaret Turner reports @@ -68,10 +68,10 @@ Rule ChileAQ 2012 max - Sep Sun>=2 4:00u 1:00 S # presumably this is when they have visitors. # # year-round bases -# Casey, Bailey Peninsula, −6617+11032, since 1969 -# Davis, Vestfold Hills, −6835+07759, since 1957-01-13 -# (except 1964-11 – 1969-02) -# Mawson, Holme Bay, −6736+06253, since 1954-02-13 +# Casey, Bailey Peninsula, -6617+11032, since 1969 +# Davis, Vestfold Hills, -6835+07759, since 1957-01-13 +# (except 1964-11 - 1969-02) +# Mawson, Holme Bay, -6736+06253, since 1954-02-13 # From Steffen Thorsen (2009-03-11): # Three Australian stations in Antarctica have changed their time zone: @@ -89,14 +89,14 @@ Rule ChileAQ 2012 max - Sep Sun>=2 4:00u 1:00 S # From Steffen Thorsen (2010-03-10): # We got these changes from the Australian Antarctic Division: ... # -# – Casey station reverted to its normal time of UTC+8 on 5 March 2010. +# - Casey station reverted to its normal time of UTC+8 on 5 March 2010. # The change to UTC+11 is being considered as a regular summer thing but # has not been decided yet. # -# – Davis station will revert to its normal time of UTC+7 at 10 March 2010 +# - Davis station will revert to its normal time of UTC+7 at 10 March 2010 # 20:00 UTC. # -# – Mawson station stays on UTC+5. +# - Mawson station stays on UTC+5. # # Background: # http://www.timeanddate.com/news/time/antartica-time-changes-2010.html @@ -130,28 +130,28 @@ Zone Antarctica/Mawson 0 - zzz 1954 Feb 13 # Mawson Station, Antarctica (1998-02-25) # <http://www.antdiv.gov.au/aad/exop/sfo/mawson/video.html> -# Belgium – year-round base -# Princess Elisabeth, Queen Maud Land, −713412+0231200, since 2007 +# Belgium - year-round base +# Princess Elisabeth, Queen Maud Land, -713412+0231200, since 2007 -# Brazil – year-round base -# Ferraz, King George Island, −6205+05824, since 1983/4 +# Brazil - year-round base +# Ferraz, King George Island, -6205+05824, since 1983/4 -# Bulgaria – year-round base -# St. Kliment Ohridski, Livingston Island, −623829−0602153, since 1988 +# Bulgaria - year-round base +# St. Kliment Ohridski, Livingston Island, -623829-0602153, since 1988 -# Chile – year-round bases and towns -# Escudero, South Shetland Is, −621157−0585735, since 1994 -# Frei Montalva, King George Island, −6214−05848, since 1969-03-07 -# O'Higgins, Antarctic Peninsula, −6319−05704, since 1948-02 -# Prat, −6230−05941 +# Chile - year-round bases and towns +# Escudero, South Shetland Is, -621157-0585735, since 1994 +# Frei Montalva, King George Island, -6214-05848, since 1969-03-07 +# O'Higgins, Antarctic Peninsula, -6319-05704, since 1948-02 +# Prat, -6230-05941 # Villa Las Estrellas (a town), around the Frei base, since 1984-04-09 # These locations have always used Santiago time; use TZ='America/Santiago'. -# China – year-round bases -# Great Wall, King George Island, −6213−05858, since 1985-02-20 -# Zhongshan, Larsemann Hills, Prydz Bay, −6922+07623, since 1989-02-26 +# China - year-round bases +# Great Wall, King George Island, -6213-05858, since 1985-02-20 +# Zhongshan, Larsemann Hills, Prydz Bay, -6922+07623, since 1989-02-26 -# France – year-round bases (also see "France & Italy") +# France - year-round bases (also see "France & Italy") # # From Antoine Leca (1997-01-20): # Time data are from Nicole Pailleau at the IFRTP @@ -162,12 +162,12 @@ Zone Antarctica/Mawson 0 - zzz 1954 Feb 13 # # French Southern Territories with year-round inhabitants # -# Martin-de-Viviès, Amsterdam Island, −374105+0773155, since 1950 -# Alfred-Faure, Crozet Islands, −462551+0515152, since 1964 -# Port-aux-Français, Kerguelen Islands, −492110+0701303, since 1951; +# Martin-de-Viviès, Amsterdam Island, -374105+0773155, since 1950 +# Alfred-Faure, Crozet Islands, -462551+0515152, since 1964 +# Port-aux-Français, Kerguelen Islands, -492110+0701303, since 1951; # whaling & sealing station operated 1908/1914, 1920/1929, and 1951/1956 # -# St Paul Island – near Amsterdam, uninhabited +# St Paul Island - near Amsterdam, uninhabited # fishing stations operated variously 1819/1931 # # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] @@ -175,7 +175,7 @@ Zone Indian/Kerguelen 0 - zzz 1950 # Port-aux-Francais 5:00 - TFT # ISO code TF Time # # year-round base in the main continent -# Dumont d'Urville, Île des Pétrels, −6640+14001, since 1956-11 +# Dumont d'Urville, Île des Pétrels, -6640+14001, since 1956-11 # <http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dumont_d'Urville_Station> (2005-12-05) # # Another base at Port-Martin, 50km east, began operation in 1947. @@ -187,21 +187,21 @@ Zone Antarctica/DumontDUrville 0 - zzz 1947 0 - zzz 1956 Nov 10:00 - DDUT # Dumont-d'Urville Time -# France & Italy – year-round base -# Concordia, −750600+1232000, since 2005 +# France & Italy - year-round base +# Concordia, -750600+1232000, since 2005 -# Germany – year-round base -# Neumayer III, −704080−0081602, since 2009 +# Germany - year-round base +# Neumayer III, -704080-0081602, since 2009 -# India – year-round bases -# Bharati, −692428+0761114, since 2012 -# Maitri, −704558+0114356, since 1989 +# India - year-round bases +# Bharati, -692428+0761114, since 2012 +# Maitri, -704558+0114356, since 1989 -# Italy – year-round base (also see "France & Italy") -# Zuchelli, Terra Nova Bay, −744140+1640647, since 1986 +# Italy - year-round base (also see "France & Italy") +# Zuchelli, Terra Nova Bay, -744140+1640647, since 1986 -# Japan – year-round bases -# Syowa (also known as Showa), −690022+0393524, since 1957 +# Japan - year-round bases +# Syowa (also known as Showa), -690022+0393524, since 1957 # # From Hideyuki Suzuki (1999-02-06): # In all Japanese stations, +0300 is used as the standard time. @@ -216,11 +216,11 @@ Zone Antarctica/Syowa 0 - zzz 1957 Jan 29 # NIPR Antarctic Research Activities (1999-08-17) # <http://www.nipr.ac.jp/english/ara01.html> -# S Korea – year-round base -# Jang Bogo, Terra Nova Bay, −743700+1641205 since 2014 -# King Sejong, King George Island, −6213−05847, since 1988 +# S Korea - year-round base +# Jang Bogo, Terra Nova Bay, -743700+1641205 since 2014 +# King Sejong, King George Island, -6213-05847, since 1988 -# New Zealand – claims +# New Zealand - claims # Balleny Islands (never inhabited) # Scott Island (never inhabited) # @@ -228,22 +228,22 @@ Zone Antarctica/Syowa 0 - zzz 1957 Jan 29 # Scott Base, Ross Island, since 1957-01. # See Pacific/Auckland. -# Norway – territories +# Norway - territories # Bouvet (never inhabited) # # claims # Peter I Island (never inhabited) # # year-round base -# Troll, Queen Maud Land, −720041+0023206, since 2005-02-12 +# Troll, Queen Maud Land, -720041+0023206, since 2005-02-12 # # From Paul-Inge Flakstad (2014-03-10): # I recently had a long dialog about this with the developer of timegenie.com. # In the absence of specific dates, he decided to choose some likely ones: -# GMT +1 – From March 1 to the last Sunday in March -# GMT +2 – From the last Sunday in March until the last Sunday in October -# GMT +1 – From the last Sunday in October until November 7 -# GMT +0 – From November 7 until March 1 +# GMT +1 - From March 1 to the last Sunday in March +# GMT +2 - From the last Sunday in March until the last Sunday in October +# GMT +1 - From the last Sunday in October until November 7 +# GMT +0 - From November 7 until March 1 # The dates for switching to and from UTC+0 will probably not be absolutely # correct, but they should be quite close to the actual dates. # @@ -263,18 +263,18 @@ Rule Troll 2004 max - Oct lastSun 1:00u 0:00 UTC Zone Antarctica/Troll 0 - zzz 2005 Feb 12 0:00 Troll %s -# Poland – year-round base -# Arctowski, King George Island, −620945−0582745, since 1977 +# Poland - year-round base +# Arctowski, King George Island, -620945-0582745, since 1977 -# Romania – year-bound base -# Law-Racoviță, Larsemann Hills, −692319+0762251, since 1986 +# Romania - year-bound base +# Law-Racoviță, Larsemann Hills, -692319+0762251, since 1986 -# Russia – year-round bases -# Bellingshausen, King George Island, −621159−0585337, since 1968-02-22 -# Mirny, Davis coast, −6633+09301, since 1956-02 -# Molodezhnaya, Alasheyev Bay, −6740+04551, +# Russia - year-round bases +# Bellingshausen, King George Island, -621159-0585337, since 1968-02-22 +# Mirny, Davis coast, -6633+09301, since 1956-02 +# Molodezhnaya, Alasheyev Bay, -6740+04551, # year-round from 1962-02 to 1999-07-01 -# Novolazarevskaya, Queen Maud Land, −7046+01150, +# Novolazarevskaya, Queen Maud Land, -7046+01150, # year-round from 1960/61 to 1992 # Vostok, since 1957-12-16, temporarily closed 1994-02/1994-11 @@ -304,12 +304,12 @@ Zone Antarctica/Troll 0 - zzz 2005 Feb 12 Zone Antarctica/Vostok 0 - zzz 1957 Dec 16 6:00 - VOST # Vostok time -# S Africa – year-round bases -# Marion Island, −4653+03752 -# SANAE IV, Vesleskarvet, Queen Maud Land, −714022−0025026, since 1997 +# S Africa - year-round bases +# Marion Island, -4653+03752 +# SANAE IV, Vesleskarvet, Queen Maud Land, -714022-0025026, since 1997 -# Ukraine – year-round base -# Vernadsky (formerly Faraday), Galindez Island, −651445−0641526, since 1954 +# Ukraine - year-round base +# Vernadsky (formerly Faraday), Galindez Island, -651445-0641526, since 1954 # United Kingdom # @@ -320,27 +320,27 @@ Zone Antarctica/Vostok 0 - zzz 1957 Dec 16 # South Shetland Islands # # year-round bases -# Bird Island, South Georgia, −5400−03803, since 1983 -# Deception Island, −6259−06034, whaling station 1912/1931, +# Bird Island, South Georgia, -5400-03803, since 1983 +# Deception Island, -6259-06034, whaling station 1912/1931, # scientific station 1943/1967, # previously sealers and a scientific expedition wintered by accident, # and a garrison was deployed briefly -# Halley, Coates Land, −7535−02604, since 1956-01-06 +# Halley, Coates Land, -7535-02604, since 1956-01-06 # Halley is on a moving ice shelf and is periodically relocated # so that it is never more than 10km from its nominal location. -# Rothera, Adelaide Island, −6734−6808, since 1976-12-01 +# Rothera, Adelaide Island, -6734-6808, since 1976-12-01 # # From Paul Eggert (2002-10-22) -# <http://webexhibits.org/daylightsaving/g.html> says Rothera is −03 all year. +# <http://webexhibits.org/daylightsaving/g.html> says Rothera is -03 all year. # # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] Zone Antarctica/Rothera 0 - zzz 1976 Dec 1 -3:00 - ROTT # Rothera time -# Uruguay – year round base -# Artigas, King George Island, −621104−0585107 +# Uruguay - year round base +# Artigas, King George Island, -621104-0585107 -# USA – year-round bases +# USA - year-round bases # # Palmer, Anvers Island, since 1965 (moved 2 miles in 1968) # @@ -359,7 +359,7 @@ Zone Antarctica/Palmer 0 - zzz 1965 # # # McMurdo Station, Ross Island, since 1955-12 -# Amundsen−Scott South Pole Station, continuously occupied since 1956-11-20 +# Amundsen-Scott South Pole Station, continuously occupied since 1956-11-20 # # From Chris Carrier (1996-06-27): # Siple, the first commander of the South Pole station, @@ -367,7 +367,7 @@ Zone Antarctica/Palmer 0 - zzz 1965 # but that he found it more convenient to keep GMT+12 # as supplies for the station were coming from McMurdo Sound, # which was on GMT+12 because New Zealand was on GMT+12 all year -# at that time (1957). (Source: Siple's book 90° South.) +# at that time (1957). (Source: Siple's book 90 Degrees South.) # # From Susan Smith # http://www.cybertours.com/whs/pole10.html diff --git a/asia b/asia index fc25bb8..243df1f 100644 --- a/asia +++ b/asia @@ -25,7 +25,7 @@ # I found in the UCLA library. # # For data circa 1899, a common source is: -# Milne J. Civil time. Geogr J. 1899 Feb;13(2):173–94 +# Milne J. Civil time. Geogr J. 1899 Feb;13(2):173-94 # <http://www.jstor.org/stable/1774359>. # # A reliable and entertaining source about time zones is @@ -57,7 +57,7 @@ # From Guy Harris: # Incorporates data for Singapore from Robert Elz' asia 1.1, as well as # additional information from Tom Yap, Sun Microsystems Intercontinental -# Technical Support (including a page from the Official Airline Guide – +# Technical Support (including a page from the Official Airline Guide - # Worldwide Edition). The names for time zones are guesses. ############################################################################### @@ -281,19 +281,19 @@ Zone Asia/Phnom_Penh 6:59:40 - LMT 1906 Jun 9 # No they don't. See TIME mag, 1986-02-17 p.52. Even though # China is across 4 physical time zones, before Feb 1, 1986 only the # Peking (Bejing) time zone was recognized. Since that date, China -# has two of 'em – Peking's and Urumqi (named after the capital of +# has two of 'em - Peking's and Urumqi (named after the capital of # the Xinjiang Uyghur Autonomous Region). I don't know about DST for it. # # . . .I just deleted the DST table and this editor makes it too # painful to suck in another copy. So, here is what I have for # DST start/end dates for Peking's time zone (info from AP): # -# 1986 May 4 – Sept 14 -# 1987 mid-April – ?? +# 1986 May 4 - Sept 14 +# 1987 mid-April - ?? # From U. S. Naval Observatory (1989-01-19): # CHINA 8 H AHEAD OF UTC ALL OF CHINA, INCL TAIWAN -# CHINA 9 H AHEAD OF UTC APR 17 – SEP 10 +# CHINA 9 H AHEAD OF UTC APR 17 - SEP 10 # From Paul Eggert (2006-03-22): # Shanks & Pottenger write that China (except for Hong Kong and Macau) @@ -333,7 +333,7 @@ Rule PRC 1987 1991 - Apr Sun>=10 0:00 1:00 D # about China's single time zone, and couldn't find anything before 1986 # talking about China being in one time zone. (That article was: Jim # Mann, "A clumsy embrace for another western custom: China on daylight -# time – sort of", Los Angeles Times, 1986-05-05. By the way, this +# time - sort of", Los Angeles Times, 1986-05-05. By the way, this # article confirms the tz database's data claiming that China began # observing daylight saving time in 1986. # @@ -566,15 +566,15 @@ Zone Asia/Hong_Kong 7:36:42 - LMT 1904 Oct 30 # From Arthur David Olson (2010-04-07): # Here's Google's translation of the table at the bottom of the "summert.htm" page: # Decade Name Start and end date -# Republic of China 34 years to 40 years (AD 1945–1951 years) Summer Time May 1 to September 30 +# Republic of China 34 years to 40 years (AD 1945-1951 years) Summer Time May 1 to September 30 # 41 years of the Republic of China (AD 1952) Daylight Saving Time March 1 to October 31 -# Republic of China 42 years to 43 years (AD 1953–1954 years) Daylight Saving Time April 1 to October 31 -# In the 44 years to 45 years (AD 1955–1956 years) Daylight Saving Time April 1 to September 30 -# Republic of China 46 years to 48 years (AD 1957–1959) Summer Time April 1 to September 30 -# Republic of China 49 years to 50 years (AD 1960–1961) Summer Time June 1 to September 30 -# Republic of China 51 years to 62 years (AD 1962–1973 years) Stop Summer Time -# Republic of China 63 years to 64 years (1974–1975 AD) Daylight Saving Time April 1 to September 30 -# Republic of China 65 years to 67 years (1976–1978 AD) Stop Daylight Saving Time +# Republic of China 42 years to 43 years (AD 1953-1954 years) Daylight Saving Time April 1 to October 31 +# In the 44 years to 45 years (AD 1955-1956 years) Daylight Saving Time April 1 to September 30 +# Republic of China 46 years to 48 years (AD 1957-1959) Summer Time April 1 to September 30 +# Republic of China 49 years to 50 years (AD 1960-1961) Summer Time June 1 to September 30 +# Republic of China 51 years to 62 years (AD 1962-1973 years) Stop Summer Time +# Republic of China 63 years to 64 years (1974-1975 AD) Daylight Saving Time April 1 to September 30 +# Republic of China 65 years to 67 years (1976-1978 AD) Stop Daylight Saving Time # Republic of China 68 years (AD 1979) Daylight Saving Time July 1 to September 30 # Republic of China since 69 years (AD 1980) Stop Daylight Saving Time @@ -764,9 +764,9 @@ Zone Asia/Kolkata 5:53:28 - LMT 1880 # Kolkata # Indonesia, <http://time.kim.lipi.go.id/time-eng.php> (2006-09-29). # The abbreviations are: # -# WIB – UTC+7 – Waktu Indonesia Barat (Indonesia western time) -# WITA – UTC+8 – Waktu Indonesia Tengah (Indonesia central time) -# WIT – UTC+9 – Waktu Indonesia Timur (Indonesia eastern time) +# WIB - UTC+7 - Waktu Indonesia Barat (Indonesia western time) +# WITA - UTC+8 - Waktu Indonesia Tengah (Indonesia central time) +# WIT - UTC+9 - Waktu Indonesia Timur (Indonesia eastern time) # # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] # Java, Sumatra @@ -826,7 +826,7 @@ Zone Asia/Jayapura 9:22:48 - LMT 1932 Nov # to its previous state at the 24[:00] hours of the 30th day of # Shahrivar. # -# First Deputy to the President – Hassan Habibi +# First Deputy to the President - Hassan Habibi # # From personal experience, that agrees with what has been followed # for at least the last 5 years. Before that, for a few years, the @@ -1061,7 +1061,7 @@ Rule Zion 1988 only - Sep 4 0:00 0 S # According to the Office of the Secretary General of the Ministry of # Interior, there is NO set rule for Daylight-Savings/Standard time changes. # One thing is entrenched in law, however: that there must be at least 150 -# days of daylight savings time annually. From 1993–1998, the change to +# days of daylight savings time annually. From 1993-1998, the change to # daylight savings time was on a Friday morning from midnight IST to # 1 a.m IDT; up until 1998, the change back to standard time was on a # Saturday night from midnight daylight savings time to 11 p.m. standard @@ -1093,7 +1093,7 @@ Rule Zion 1992 only - Sep 6 0:00 0 S Rule Zion 1993 only - Apr 2 0:00 1:00 D Rule Zion 1993 only - Sep 5 0:00 0 S -# The dates for 1994–1995 were obtained from Office of the Spokeswoman for the +# The dates for 1994-1995 were obtained from Office of the Spokeswoman for the # Ministry of Interior, Jerusalem, Israel. The spokeswoman can be reached by # calling the office directly at 972-2-6701447 or 972-2-6701448. @@ -1104,14 +1104,14 @@ Rule Zion 1995 only - Mar 31 0:00 1:00 D Rule Zion 1995 only - Sep 3 0:00 0 S # The dates for 1996 were determined by the Minister of Interior of the -# time, Haim Ramon. The official announcement regarding 1996–1998 -# (with the dates for 1997–1998 no longer being relevant) can be viewed at: +# time, Haim Ramon. The official announcement regarding 1996-1998 +# (with the dates for 1997-1998 no longer being relevant) can be viewed at: # # ftp://ftp.cs.huji.ac.il/pub/tz/announcements/1996-1998.ramon.ps.gz # -# The dates for 1997–1998 were altered by his successor, Rabbi Eli Suissa. +# The dates for 1997-1998 were altered by his successor, Rabbi Eli Suissa. # -# The official announcements for the years 1997–1999 can be viewed at: +# The official announcements for the years 1997-1999 can be viewed at: # # ftp://ftp.cs.huji.ac.il/pub/tz/announcements/YYYY.ps.gz # @@ -1129,14 +1129,14 @@ Rule Zion 1999 only - Sep 3 2:00 0 S # The Knesset Interior Committee has changed the dates for 2000 for # the third time in just over a year and have set new dates for the -# years 2001–2004 as well. +# years 2001-2004 as well. # # The official announcement for the start date of 2000 can be viewed at: # # ftp://ftp.cs.huji.ac.il/pub/tz/announcements/2000-start.ps.gz # # The official announcement for the end date of 2000 and the dates -# for the years 2001–2004 can be viewed at: +# for the years 2001-2004 can be viewed at: # # ftp://ftp.cs.huji.ac.il/pub/tz/announcements/2000-2004.ps.gz @@ -1246,7 +1246,7 @@ Rule Japan 1950 1951 - May Sun>=1 2:00 1:00 D # From Hideyuki Suzuki (1998-11-09): # 'Tokyo' usually stands for the former location of Tokyo Astronomical -# Observatory: 139° 44′ 40.90″ E (9h 18m 58.727s), 35° 39′ 16.0″ N. +# Observatory: 139 degrees 44' 40.90" E (9h 18m 58.727s), 35 degrees 39' 16.0" N. # This data is from 'Rika Nenpyou (Chronological Scientific Tables) 1996' # edited by National Astronomical Observatory of Japan.... # JST (Japan Standard Time) has been used since 1888-01-01 00:00 (JST). @@ -1254,10 +1254,10 @@ Rule Japan 1950 1951 - May Sun>=1 2:00 1:00 D # From Hideyuki Suzuki (1998-11-16): # The ordinance No. 51 (1886) established "standard time" in Japan, -# which stands for the time on 135° E. +# which stands for the time on 135 degrees E. # In the ordinance No. 167 (1895), "standard time" was renamed to "central # standard time". And the same ordinance also established "western standard -# time", which stands for the time on 120° E.... But "western standard +# time", which stands for the time on 120 degrees E.... But "western standard # time" was abolished in the ordinance No. 529 (1937). In the ordinance No. # 167, there is no mention regarding for what place western standard time is # standard.... @@ -1313,7 +1313,7 @@ Zone Asia/Tokyo 9:18:59 - LMT 1887 Dec 31 15:00u # > submission of the summer at 60 minutes as of midnight on the last Thursday # > of the month of March of each year. # -# So – this means the midnight between Thursday and Friday since 2002. +# So - this means the midnight between Thursday and Friday since 2002. # From Arthur David Olson (2009-04-06): # We still have Jordan switching to DST on Thursdays in 2000 and 2001. @@ -1392,9 +1392,9 @@ Zone Asia/Amman 2:23:44 - LMT 1931 # Go with Shanks & Pottenger, who have them always using RussiaAsia rules. # Also go with the following claims of Shanks & Pottenger: # -# – Kazakhstan did not observe DST in 1991. -# – Qyzylorda switched from +5:00 to +6:00 on 1992-01-19 02:00. -# – Oral switched from +5:00 to +4:00 in spring 1989. +# - Kazakhstan did not observe DST in 1991. +# - Qyzylorda switched from +5:00 to +6:00 on 1992-01-19 02:00. +# - Oral switched from +5:00 to +4:00 in spring 1989. # From Kazakhstan Embassy's News Bulletin #11 # <http://www.kazsociety.org.uk/news/2005/03/30.htm> (2005-03-21): @@ -1709,7 +1709,7 @@ Zone Indian/Maldives 4:54:00 - LMT 1880 # Male # (click the English flag for English) # # There it appears that flights between Choibalsan and Ulaanbatar arrive -# about 1:35 – 1:50 hours later in local clock time, no matter the +# about 1:35 - 1:50 hours later in local clock time, no matter the # direction, while Ulaanbaatar-Khvod takes 2 hours in the Eastern # direction and 3:35 back, which indicates that Ulaanbatar and Khvod are # in different time zones (like we know about), while Choibalsan and @@ -1828,7 +1828,7 @@ Zone Asia/Muscat 3:54:24 - LMT 1920 # From Alexander Krivenyshev (2008-08-28): # Pakistan government has decided to keep the watches one-hour advanced -# for another 2 months – plan to return to Standard Time on October 31 +# for another 2 months - plan to return to Standard Time on October 31 # instead of August 31. # # http://www.worldtimezone.com/dst_news/dst_news_pakistan02.html @@ -1841,7 +1841,7 @@ Zone Asia/Muscat 3:54:24 - LMT 1920 # official working." # http://www.thenews.com.pk/daily_detail.asp?id=171280 # -# recent news that instead of May 2009 – Pakistan plan to +# recent news that instead of May 2009 - Pakistan plan to # introduce DST from April 15, 2009 # # FYI: Associated Press Of Pakistan @@ -1904,7 +1904,7 @@ Zone Asia/Muscat 3:54:24 - LMT 1920 # > # > Then today, the president said that they might have to revert the # > decision if it is not supported by the parliament. So at the time -# > being, it seems unclear if DST will be actually observed or not – but +# > being, it seems unclear if DST will be actually observed or not - but # > April 1 could be a more likely date than April 15. # Now, it seems that the decision to not observe DST in final: # @@ -1965,7 +1965,7 @@ Zone Asia/Karachi 4:28:12 - LMT 1907 # # To summarize, the table should probably look something like that: # -# Area \ when | 1918–1947 | 1948–1967 | 1967–1995 | 1996– +# Area \ when | 1918-1947 | 1948-1967 | 1967-1995 | 1996- # ------------+-----------+-----------+-----------+----------- # Israel | Zion | Zion | Zion | Zion # West bank | Zion | Jordan | Zion | Jordan @@ -1985,7 +1985,7 @@ Zone Asia/Karachi 4:28:12 - LMT 1907 # for parts of the West Bank as they transitioned from Israel's rules # to Palestine's rules. -# From IINS News Service – Israel – 1998-03-23 10:38:07 Israel time, +# From IINS News Service - Israel - 1998-03-23 10:38:07 Israel time, # forwarded by Ephraim Silverberg: # # Despite the fact that Israel changed over to daylight savings time @@ -2009,7 +2009,7 @@ Zone Asia/Karachi 4:28:12 - LMT 1907 # A user from Gaza reported that Gaza made the change early because of # the Ramadan. Next year Ramadan will be even earlier, so I think # there is a good chance next year's end date will be around two weeks -# earlier – the same goes for Jordan. +# earlier - the same goes for Jordan. # From Steffen Thorsen (2006-08-17): # I was informed by a user in Bethlehem that in Bethlehem it started the @@ -2311,7 +2311,7 @@ Zone Asia/Singapore 6:55:25 - LMT 1901 Jan 1 # midnight Friday (1830 GMT) 'in the light of the present power crisis'." # # From Dharmasiri Senanayake, Sri Lanka Media Minister (1996-10-24), as quoted -# by Shamindra in Daily News – Hot News Section +# by Shamindra in Daily News - Hot News Section # <news:54rka5$m5h@mtinsc01-mgt.ops.worldnet.att.net> (1996-10-26): # With effect from 12.30 a.m. on 26th October 1996 # Sri Lanka will be six (06) hours ahead of GMT. @@ -2348,7 +2348,7 @@ Zone Asia/Singapore 6:55:25 - LMT 1901 Jan 1 # Within Sri Lanka I think LKT is well known among computer users and # adminsitrators. In my opinion SLT may not be a good choice because the # nation's largest telcom / internet operator Sri Lanka Telcom is well -# known by that abbreviation – simply as SLT (there IP domains are +# known by that abbreviation - simply as SLT (there IP domains are # slt.lk and sltnet.lk). # # But if indeed our government has adopted SLT as standard abbreviation diff --git a/australasia b/australasia index 1742e0f..c7f2b88 100644 --- a/australasia +++ b/australasia @@ -217,7 +217,7 @@ Zone Australia/Lord_Howe 10:36:20 - LMT 1895 Feb # no times are set # # Macquarie -# Permanent occupation (scientific station) 1911–1915 and since 25 March 1948; +# Permanent occupation (scientific station) 1911-1915 and since 25 March 1948; # sealing and penguin oil station operated Nov 1899 to Apr 1919. See the # Tasmania Parks & Wildlife Service history of sealing at Macquarie Island # <http://www.parks.tas.gov.au/index.aspx?base=1828> @@ -226,7 +226,7 @@ Zone Australia/Lord_Howe 10:36:20 - LMT 1895 Feb # # From Steffen Thorsen (2010-03-10): # We got these changes from the Australian Antarctic Division: -# – Macquarie Island will stay on UTC+11 for winter and therefore not +# - Macquarie Island will stay on UTC+11 for winter and therefore not # switch back from daylight savings time when other parts of Australia do # on 4 April. # @@ -288,7 +288,7 @@ Zone Indian/Cocos 6:27:40 - LMT 1900 # From Alexander Krivenyshev (2010-10-24): # According to Radio Fiji and Fiji Times online, Fiji will end DST 3 -# weeks earlier than expected – on March 6, 2011, not March 27, 2011... +# weeks earlier than expected - on March 6, 2011, not March 27, 2011... # Here is confirmation from Government of the Republic of the Fiji Islands, # Ministry of Information (fiji.gov.fj) web site: # http://www.fiji.gov.fj/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=2608:day... @@ -554,8 +554,8 @@ Zone Pacific/Pago_Pago 12:37:12 - LMT 1879 Jul 5 # Please see # http://www.mcil.gov.ws # the Ministry of Commerce, Industry and Labour (sideframe) "Last Sunday -# September 2010 (26/09/10) – adjust clocks forward from 12:00 midnight -# to 01:00am and First Sunday April 2011 (03/04/11) – adjust clocks +# September 2010 (26/09/10) - adjust clocks forward from 12:00 midnight +# to 01:00am and First Sunday April 2011 (03/04/11) - adjust clocks # backwards from 1:00am to 12:00am" # From Laupue Raymond Hughes (2011-03-07): @@ -586,8 +586,8 @@ Zone Pacific/Pago_Pago 12:37:12 - LMT 1879 Jul 5 # Reform Commission, and she has sent me a copy of the Bill that she # confirmed has been passed...Most of the sections are about maps rather # than the time zone change, but I'll paste the relevant bits below. But -# the essence is that at midnight 29 Dec (UTC−11 I suppose), Samoa -# changes from UTC−11 to UTC+13: +# the essence is that at midnight 29 Dec (UTC-11 I suppose), Samoa +# changes from UTC-11 to UTC+13: # # International Date Line Bill 2011 # @@ -605,11 +605,11 @@ Zone Pacific/Pago_Pago 12:37:12 - LMT 1879 Jul 5 # # [snip] # -# 3. Interpretation – [snip] "Samoa standard time" in this Act and any +# 3. Interpretation - [snip] "Samoa standard time" in this Act and any # other statute of Samoa which refers to 'Samoa standard time' means the # time 13 hours in advance of Co-ordinated Universal Time. # -# 4. Samoa standard time – (1) Upon the commencement of this Act, Samoa +# 4. Samoa standard time - (1) Upon the commencement of this Act, Samoa # standard time shall be set at 13 hours in advance of Co-ordinated # Universal Time for the whole of Samoa. (2) All references to Samoa's # time zone and to Samoa standard time in Samoa in all legislation and @@ -633,7 +633,7 @@ Zone Pacific/Pago_Pago 12:37:12 - LMT 1879 Jul 5 # Saturday 31st December 2011 00:00:00 Hours # # Clarification by Tim Parenti (2012-01-03): -# Although Samoa has used Daylight Saving Time in the 2010–2011 and 2011–2012 +# Although Samoa has used Daylight Saving Time in the 2010-2011 and 2011-2012 # seasons, there is not yet any indication that this trend will continue on # a regular basis. For now, we have explicitly listed the transitions below. # @@ -678,8 +678,8 @@ Zone Pacific/Guadalcanal 10:39:48 - LMT 1912 Oct # Honiara # From Steffen Thorsen (2012-07-25) # ... we double checked by calling hotels and offices based in Tokelau asking # about the time there, and they all told a time that agrees with UTC+13.... -# Shanks says UTC−10 from 1901 [but] ... there is a good chance the change -# actually was to UTC−11 back then. +# Shanks says UTC-10 from 1901 [but] ... there is a good chance the change +# actually was to UTC-11 back then. # # From Paul Eggert (2012-07-25) # A Google Books snippet of Appendix to the Journals of the House of @@ -714,19 +714,19 @@ Zone Pacific/Funafuti 11:56:52 - LMT 1901 # US minor outlying islands # Howland, Baker -# Howland was mined for guano by American companies 1857–1878 and British -# 1886–1891; Baker was similar but exact dates are not known. -# Inhabited by civilians 1935–1942; U.S. military bases 1943–1944; +# Howland was mined for guano by American companies 1857-1878 and British +# 1886-1891; Baker was similar but exact dates are not known. +# Inhabited by civilians 1935-1942; U.S. military bases 1943-1944; # uninhabited thereafter. -# Howland observed Hawaii Standard Time (UT−10:30) in 1937; +# Howland observed Hawaii Standard Time (UT-10:30) in 1937; # see page 206 of Elgen M. Long and Marie K. Long, # Amelia Earhart: the Mystery Solved, Simon & Schuster (2000). # So most likely Howland and Baker observed Hawaii Time from 1935 # until they were abandoned after the war. # Jarvis -# Mined for guano by American companies 1857–1879 and British 1883?–1891?. -# Inhabited by civilians 1935–1942; IGY scientific base 1957–1958; +# Mined for guano by American companies 1857-1879 and British 1883?-1891?. +# Inhabited by civilians 1935-1942; IGY scientific base 1957-1958; # uninhabited thereafter. # no information; was probably like Pacific/Kiritimati @@ -746,7 +746,7 @@ Zone Pacific/Funafuti 11:56:52 - LMT 1901 # From Lyle McElhaney (2014-03-11): # [W]hen JI was being used for that [atomic bomb] testing, the time being used # was not Hawaiian time but rather the same time being used on the ships, -# which had a GMT offset of −11 hours. This apparently applied to at least the +# which had a GMT offset of -11 hours. This apparently applied to at least the # time from Operation Newsreel (Hardtack I/Teak shot, 1958-08-01) to the last # Operation Fishbowl shot (Tightrope, 1962-11-04).... [See] Herman Hoerlin, # "The United States High-Altitude Test Experience: A Review Emphasizing the @@ -833,7 +833,7 @@ Zone Pacific/Wallis 12:15:20 - LMT 1901 # I found in the UCLA library. # # For data circa 1899, a common source is: -# Milne J. Civil time. Geogr J. 1899 Feb;13(2):173–94 +# Milne J. Civil time. Geogr J. 1899 Feb;13(2):173-94 # <http://www.jstor.org/stable/1774359>. # # A reliable and entertaining source about time zones is @@ -854,9 +854,9 @@ Zone Pacific/Wallis 12:15:20 - LMT 1901 # 11:30 NZMT NZST New Zealand through 1945 # 12:00 NZST NZDT New Zealand 1946-present # 12:45 CHAST CHADT Chatham* -# −11:00 SST Samoa -# −10:00 HST Hawaii -# − 8:00 PST Pitcairn* +# -11:00 SST Samoa +# -10:00 HST Hawaii +# - 8:00 PST Pitcairn* # # See the 'northamerica' file for Hawaii. # See the 'southamerica' file for Easter I and the Galápagos Is. @@ -1113,7 +1113,7 @@ Zone Pacific/Wallis 12:15:20 - LMT 1901 # ... # From Arthur David Olson (1992-03-08): -# The chosen rules the union of the 1971/1972 change and the 1989–1992 changes. +# The chosen rules the union of the 1971/1972 change and the 1989-1992 changes. # From Christopher Hunt (2006-11-21), after an advance warning # from Jesper Norgaard Welen (2006-11-01): @@ -1393,7 +1393,7 @@ Zone Pacific/Wallis 12:15:20 - LMT 1901 # From Steffen Thorsen (2009-04-28): # According to the official press release, South Australia's extended daylight -# saving period will continue with the same rules as used during the 2008–2009 +# saving period will continue with the same rules as used during the 2008-2009 # summer (southern hemisphere). # # From @@ -1416,7 +1416,7 @@ Zone Pacific/Wallis 12:15:20 - LMT 1901 # the 1989/90 year was a trial of an extended "daylight saving" period. # This trial was deemed successful and the extended period adopted for # subsequent years (with the addition of a further week at the start). -# source – phone call to Ministry of Internal Affairs Head Office. +# source - phone call to Ministry of Internal Affairs Head Office. # From George Shepherd via Simon Woodhead via Robert Elz (1991-03-06): # # The Country of New Zealand (Australia's east island -) Gee they hate that! @@ -1532,7 +1532,7 @@ Zone Pacific/Wallis 12:15:20 - LMT 1901 # From Paul Eggert (1999-10-29): # The Federated States of Micronesia Visitors Board writes in -# The Federated States of Micronesia – Visitor Information (1999-01-26) +# The Federated States of Micronesia - Visitor Information (1999-01-26) # <http://www.fsmgov.org/info/clocks.html> # that Truk and Yap are UTC+10, and Ponape and Kosrae are UTC+11. # We don't know when Kosrae switched from UTC+12; assume January 1 for now. @@ -1584,7 +1584,7 @@ Zone Pacific/Wallis 12:15:20 - LMT 1901 # Howse writes (p 153, citing p 10 of the 1883-11-18 New York Herald) # that in 1879 the King of Samoa decided to change # "the date in his kingdom from the Antipodean to the American system, -# ordaining – by a masterpiece of diplomatic flattery – that +# ordaining - by a masterpiece of diplomatic flattery - that # the Fourth of July should be celebrated twice in that year." @@ -1679,7 +1679,7 @@ Zone Pacific/Wallis 12:15:20 - LMT 1901 # From Vernice Anderson, Personal Secretary to Philip Jessup, # US Ambassador At Large (oral history interview, 1971-02-02): # -# Saturday, the 14th [of October, 1950] – ... The time was all the +# Saturday, the 14th [of October, 1950] - ... The time was all the # more confusing at that point, because we had crossed the # International Date Line, thus getting two Sundays. Furthermore, we # discovered that Wake Island had two hours of daylight saving time @@ -1724,7 +1724,7 @@ Zone Pacific/Wallis 12:15:20 - LMT 1901 # on the high seas. Whenever a ship was within the territorial waters of any # nation it would use that nation's standard time. The captain was permitted # to change his ship's clocks at a time of his choice following his ship's -# entry into another zone time – he often chose midnight. These zones were +# entry into another zone time - he often chose midnight. These zones were # adopted by all major fleets between 1920 and 1925 but not by many # independent merchant ships until World War II. diff --git a/europe b/europe index 4664edf..d4c9a26 100644 --- a/europe +++ b/europe @@ -32,7 +32,7 @@ # <http://cs.ucla.edu/~eggert/The-Waste-of-Daylight-19th.pdf> # [PDF] (1914-03) # -# Milne J. Civil time. Geogr J. 1899 Feb;13(2):173–94 +# Milne J. Civil time. Geogr J. 1899 Feb;13(2):173-94 # <http://www.jstor.org/stable/1774359>. He writes: # "It is requested that corrections and additions to these tables # may be sent to Mr. John Milne, Royal Geographical Society, @@ -49,16 +49,16 @@ # Corrections are welcome! # std dst 2dst # LMT Local Mean Time -# −4:00 AST ADT Atlantic -# −3:00 WGT WGST Western Greenland* -# −1:00 EGT EGST Eastern Greenland* +# -4:00 AST ADT Atlantic +# -3:00 WGT WGST Western Greenland* +# -1:00 EGT EGST Eastern Greenland* # 0:00 GMT BST BDST Greenwich, British Summer # 0:00 GMT IST Greenwich, Irish Summer # 0:00 WET WEST WEMT Western Europe -# 0:19:32.13 AMT NST Amsterdam, Netherlands Summer (1835–1937)* -# 0:20 NET NEST Netherlands (1937–1940)* +# 0:19:32.13 AMT NST Amsterdam, Netherlands Summer (1835-1937)* +# 0:20 NET NEST Netherlands (1937-1940)* # 1:00 CET CEST CEMT Central Europe -# 1:00:14 SET Swedish (1879–1899)* +# 1:00:14 SET Swedish (1879-1899)* # 2:00 EET EEST Eastern Europe # 3:00 MSK MSD MSM* Moscow @@ -104,18 +104,18 @@ # along the towpath within a few yards of it.' # # I have a one inch to one mile map of London and my estimate of the stone's -# position is 51° 28′ 30″ N, 0° 18′ 45″ W. The longitude should -# be within about ±2″. The Ordnance Survey grid reference is TQ172761. +# position is 51 degrees 28' 30" N, 0 degrees 18' 45" W. The longitude should +# be within about +-2". The Ordnance Survey grid reference is TQ172761. # -# [This yields GMTOFF = −0:01:15 for London LMT in the 18th century.] +# [This yields GMTOFF = -0:01:15 for London LMT in the 18th century.] # From Paul Eggert (1993-11-18): # # Howse writes that Britain was the first country to use standard time. # The railways cared most about the inconsistencies of local mean time, # and it was they who forced a uniform time on the country. -# The original idea was credited to Dr. William Hyde Wollaston (1766–1828) -# and was popularized by Abraham Follett Osler (1808–1903). +# The original idea was credited to Dr. William Hyde Wollaston (1766-1828) +# and was popularized by Abraham Follett Osler (1808-1903). # The first railway to adopt London time was the Great Western Railway # in November 1840; other railways followed suit, and by 1847 most # (though not all) railways used London time. On 1847-09-22 the @@ -137,7 +137,7 @@ # about Dublin, so we use 1880-08-02, the legal transition time. # From Paul Eggert (2003-09-27): -# Summer Time was first seriously proposed by William Willett (1857–1915), +# Summer Time was first seriously proposed by William Willett (1857-1915), # a London builder and member of the Royal Astronomical Society # who circulated a pamphlet "The Waste of Daylight" (1907) # that proposed advancing clocks 20 minutes on each of four Sundays in April, @@ -159,7 +159,7 @@ # between 160 and 170 hours more daylight leisure, to a war which # plunged Europe into darkness for four years, and shook the # foundations of civilization throughout the world. -# — <http://www.winstonchurchill.org/images/finesthour/Vol.01%20No.114.pdf> +# <http://www.winstonchurchill.org/images/finesthour/Vol.01%20No.114.pdf> # "A Silent Toast to William Willett", Pictorial Weekly # From Paul Eggert (1996-09-03): @@ -185,7 +185,7 @@ # if you find a zone reference it will say, "All times B.D.S.T." # From Joseph S. Myers (1999-09-02): -# ... some military cables (WO 219/4100 – this is a copy from the +# ... some military cables (WO 219/4100 - this is a copy from the # main SHAEF archives held in the US National Archives, SHAEF/5252/8/516) # agree that the usage is BDST (this appears in a message dated 17 Feb 1945). @@ -226,7 +226,7 @@ # From Paul Eggert (2006-03-22): # -# For lack of other data, follow Shanks & Pottenger for Eire in 1940–1948. +# For lack of other data, follow Shanks & Pottenger for Eire in 1940-1948. # # Given Ilieve and Myers's data, the following claims by Shanks & Pottenger # are incorrect: @@ -252,14 +252,14 @@ # * Dublin's 1971-10-31 switch was at 02:00, even though London's was 03:00. # # -# Whitman says Dublin Mean Time was −0:25:21, which is more precise than +# Whitman says Dublin Mean Time was -0:25:21, which is more precise than # Shanks & Pottenger. # Perhaps this was Dunsink Observatory Time, as Dunsink Observatory # (8 km NW of Dublin's center) seemingly was to Dublin as Greenwich was # to London. For example: # # "Timeball on the ballast office is down. Dunsink time." -# — James Joyce, Ulysses +# -- James Joyce, Ulysses # From Joseph S. Myers (2005-01-26): # Irish laws are available online at <http://www.irishstatutebook.ie>. @@ -600,7 +600,7 @@ Zone EET 2:00 EU EE%sT # Mitteleuropaeische Sommerzeit (MESZ) = UTC+02:00 # # as defined in the German Time Act (Gesetz ueber die Zeitbestimmung (ZeitG), -# 1978-07-25, Bundesgesetzblatt, Jahrgang 1978, Teil I, S. 1110–1111).... +# 1978-07-25, Bundesgesetzblatt, Jahrgang 1978, Teil I, S. 1110-1111).... # I wrote ... to the German Federal Physical-Technical Institution # # Physikalisch-Technische Bundesanstalt (PTB) @@ -717,7 +717,7 @@ Zone Europe/Minsk 1:50:16 - LMT 1880 # Annuaire de L'Observatoire Royal de Belgique, # Avenue Circulaire, 3, B-1180 BRUXELLES, CLVIIe annee, 1991 # (Imprimerie HAYEZ, s.p.r.l., Rue Fin, 4, 1080 BRUXELLES, MCMXC), -# pp 8–9. +# pp 8-9. # LMT before 1892 was 0:17:30, according to the official journal of Belgium: # Moniteur Belge, Samedi 30 Avril 1892, N.121. # Thanks to Pascal Delmoitie for these references. @@ -781,8 +781,8 @@ Zone Europe/Brussels 0:17:30 - LMT 1880 # # From Plamen Simenov via Steffen Thorsen (1999-09-09): # A document of Government of Bulgaria (No.94/1997) says: -# EET → EETDST is in 03:00 Local time in last Sunday of March ... -# EETDST → EET is in 04:00 Local time in last Sunday of October +# EET -> EETDST is in 03:00 Local time in last Sunday of March ... +# EETDST -> EET is in 04:00 Local time in last Sunday of October # # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S Rule Bulg 1979 only - Mar 31 23:00 1:00 S @@ -903,9 +903,9 @@ Zone Atlantic/Faroe -0:27:04 - LMT 1908 Jan 11 # Torshavn # Greenland has four local times, and the relation to UTC # is according to the following time line: # -# The military zone near Thule UTC−4 -# Standard Greenland time UTC−3 -# Scoresbysund UTC−1 +# The military zone near Thule UTC-4 +# Standard Greenland time UTC-3 +# Scoresbysund UTC-1 # Danmarkshavn UTC # # In the military area near Thule and in Danmarkshavn DST will not be @@ -919,7 +919,7 @@ Zone Atlantic/Faroe -0:27:04 - LMT 1908 Jan 11 # Torshavn # info from earlier correspondence.] # # According to the center, a very small local time zone around Thule -# Air Base keeps the time according to UTC−4, implementing daylight +# Air Base keeps the time according to UTC-4, implementing daylight # savings using North America rules, changing the time at 02:00 local time.... # # The east coast of Greenland north of the community of Scoresbysund @@ -930,12 +930,12 @@ Zone Atlantic/Faroe -0:27:04 - LMT 1908 Jan 11 # Torshavn # Mestersvig and Daneborg, the air force base at Station Nord, and the # DPC research station at Zackenberg. # -# Scoresbysund and two small villages nearby keep time UTC−1 and use +# Scoresbysund and two small villages nearby keep time UTC-1 and use # the same daylight savings time period as in West Greenland (Godthåb). # # The rest of Greenland, including Godthåb (this area, although it # includes central Greenland, is known as west Greenland), keeps time -# UTC−3, with daylight savings methods according to European rules. +# UTC-3, with daylight savings methods according to European rules. # # It is common procedure to use UTC 0 in the wilderness of East and # North Greenland, because it is mainly Icelandic aircraft operators @@ -998,7 +998,7 @@ Zone America/Thule -4:35:08 - LMT 1916 Jul 28 # Pituffik air base # The 1998-09-22 Estonian time law # <http://trip.rk.ee/cgi-bin/thw?${BASE}=akt&${OOHTML}=rtd&TA=1998&TO=1&AN=1390> # refers to the Eighth Directive and cites the association agreement between -# the EU and Estonia, ratified by the Estonian law (RT II 1995, 22–27, 120). +# the EU and Estonia, ratified by the Estonian law (RT II 1995, 22-27, 120). # # I also asked [my relative] whether they use any standard abbreviation # for their standard and summer times. He says no, they use "suveaeg" @@ -1070,7 +1070,7 @@ Zone Europe/Tallinn 1:39:00 - LMT 1880 # From Konstantin Hyppönen (2014-06-13): # [Heikki Oja's book Aikakirja 2013] # http://almanakka.helsinki.fi/images/aikakirja/Aikakirja2013kokonaan.pdf -# pages 104–105, including a scan from a newspaper published on Apr 2 1942 +# pages 104-105, including a scan from a newspaper published on Apr 2 1942 # say that ... [o]n Apr 2 1942, 24 o'clock (which means Apr 3 1942, # 00:00), clocks were moved one hour forward. The newspaper # mentions "on the night from Thursday to Friday".... @@ -1099,7 +1099,7 @@ Link Europe/Helsinki Europe/Mariehamn # From Ciro Discepolo (2000-12-20): # # Henri Le Corre, Régimes horaires pour le monde entier, Éditions -# Traditionnelles – Paris 2 books, 1993 +# Traditionnelles - Paris 2 books, 1993 # # Gabriel, Traité de l'heure dans le monde, Guy Trédaniel, # Paris, 1991 @@ -1144,7 +1144,7 @@ Rule France 1938 only - Mar 26 23:00s 1:00 S Rule France 1939 only - Apr 15 23:00s 1:00 S Rule France 1939 only - Nov 18 23:00s 0 - Rule France 1940 only - Feb 25 2:00 1:00 S -# The French rules for 1941–1944 were not used in Paris, but Shanks & Pottenger +# The French rules for 1941-1944 were not used in Paris, but Shanks & Pottenger # write that they were used in Monaco and in many French locations. # Le Corre writes that the upper limit of the free zone was Arnéguy, Orthez, # Mont-de-Marsan, Bazas, Langon, Lamothe-Montravel, Maroeuil, La @@ -1173,7 +1173,7 @@ Rule France 1976 only - Sep 26 1:00 0 - # Shanks & Pottenger give 0:09:20 for Paris Mean Time, and Whitman 0:09:05, # but Howse quotes the actual French legislation as saying 0:09:21. # Go with Howse. Howse writes that the time in France was officially based -# on PMT−0:09:21 until 1978-08-09, when the time base finally switched to UTC. +# on PMT-0:09:21 until 1978-08-09, when the time base finally switched to UTC. # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] Zone Europe/Paris 0:09:21 - LMT 1891 Mar 15 0:01 0:09:21 - PMT 1911 Mar 11 0:01 # Paris MT @@ -1258,16 +1258,16 @@ Zone Europe/Gibraltar -0:21:24 - LMT 1880 Aug 2 0:00s # Greece # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S -# Whitman gives 1932 Jul 5 – Nov 1; go with Shanks & Pottenger. +# Whitman gives 1932 Jul 5 - Nov 1; go with Shanks & Pottenger. Rule Greece 1932 only - Jul 7 0:00 1:00 S Rule Greece 1932 only - Sep 1 0:00 0 - -# Whitman gives 1941 Apr 25 – ?; go with Shanks & Pottenger. +# Whitman gives 1941 Apr 25 - ?; go with Shanks & Pottenger. Rule Greece 1941 only - Apr 7 0:00 1:00 S -# Whitman gives 1942 Feb 2 – ?; go with Shanks & Pottenger. +# Whitman gives 1942 Feb 2 - ?; go with Shanks & Pottenger. Rule Greece 1942 only - Nov 2 3:00 0 - Rule Greece 1943 only - Mar 30 0:00 1:00 S Rule Greece 1943 only - Oct 4 0:00 0 - -# Whitman gives 1944 Oct 3 – Oct 31; go with Shanks & Pottenger. +# Whitman gives 1944 Oct 3 - Oct 31; go with Shanks & Pottenger. Rule Greece 1952 only - Jul 1 0:00 1:00 S Rule Greece 1952 only - Nov 2 0:00 0 - Rule Greece 1975 only - Apr 12 0:00s 1:00 S @@ -1367,10 +1367,10 @@ Rule Iceland 1941 only - Mar 2 1:00s 1:00 S Rule Iceland 1941 only - Nov 2 1:00s 0 - Rule Iceland 1942 only - Mar 8 1:00s 1:00 S Rule Iceland 1942 only - Oct 25 1:00s 0 - -# 1943–1946 – first Sunday in March until first Sunday in winter +# 1943-1946 - first Sunday in March until first Sunday in winter Rule Iceland 1943 1946 - Mar Sun>=1 1:00s 1:00 S Rule Iceland 1943 1948 - Oct Sun>=22 1:00s 0 - -# 1947–1967 – first Sunday in April until first Sunday in winter +# 1947-1967 - first Sunday in April until first Sunday in winter Rule Iceland 1947 1967 - Apr Sun>=1 1:00s 1:00 S # 1949 Oct transition delayed by 1 week Rule Iceland 1949 only - Oct 30 1:00s 0 - @@ -1839,7 +1839,7 @@ Zone Europe/Oslo 0:43:00 - LMT 1895 Jan 1 # into operation on 1895-01-01) and Svalbard/Jan Mayen seem to be a # part of this law since 1925/1930. (From # <http://www.lovdata.no/all/nl-18940629-001.html>) I have not been -# able to find if Jan Mayen used a different time zone (e.g. −0100) +# able to find if Jan Mayen used a different time zone (e.g. -0100) # before 1930. Jan Mayen has only been "inhabitated" since 1921 by # Norwegian meteorologists and maybe used the same time as Norway ever # since 1921. Svalbard (Arctic/Longyearbyen) has been inhabited since @@ -1881,7 +1881,7 @@ Rule Poland 1919 only - Apr 15 2:00s 1:00 S Rule Poland 1944 only - Apr 3 2:00s 1:00 S # Whitman gives 1944 Nov 30; go with Shanks & Pottenger. Rule Poland 1944 only - Oct 4 2:00 0 - -# For 1944–1948 Whitman gives the previous day; go with Shanks & Pottenger. +# For 1944-1948 Whitman gives the previous day; go with Shanks & Pottenger. Rule Poland 1945 only - Apr 29 0:00 1:00 S Rule Poland 1945 only - Nov 1 0:00 0 - # For 1946 on the source is Kazimierz Borkowski, @@ -1929,8 +1929,8 @@ Zone Europe/Warsaw 1:24:00 - LMT 1880 # From Paul Eggert (1996-11-12): # IATA SSIM (1991-09) reports several 1991-09 and 1992-09 transitions # at 02:00u, not 01:00u. Assume that these are typos. -# IATA SSIM (1991/1992) reports that the Azores were at −1:00. -# IATA SSIM (1993-02) says +0:00; later issues (through 1996-09) say −1:00. +# IATA SSIM (1991/1992) reports that the Azores were at -1:00. +# IATA SSIM (1993-02) says +0:00; later issues (through 1996-09) say -1:00. # Guess that the Azores changed to EU rules in 1992 (since that's when Portugal # harmonized with the EU), and that they stayed +0:00 that winter. # @@ -2080,7 +2080,7 @@ Zone Europe/Bucharest 1:44:24 - LMT 1891 Oct # which, according to translate.google.com, begins "Resolution of the # Government of the Russian Federation on August 31, 2011 N 725" and also # contains "Date first official publication: September 6, 2011 Posted on: -# in the 'RG' – Federal Issue number 5573 September 6, 2011" but which +# in the 'RG' - Federal Issue number 5573 September 6, 2011" but which # does not contain any "effective date" information. # # Another source is @@ -2112,7 +2112,7 @@ Zone Europe/Bucharest 1:44:24 - LMT 1891 Oct # From Stanislaw A. Kuzikowski (1994-06-29): # But now it is some months since Novosibirsk is 3 hours ahead of Moscow! # I do not know why they have decided to make this change; -# as far as I remember it was done exactly during winter→summer switching +# as far as I remember it was done exactly during winter->summer switching # so we (Novosibirsk) simply did not switch. # # From Andrey A. Chernov (1996-10-04): @@ -2128,9 +2128,9 @@ Zone Europe/Bucharest 1:44:24 - LMT 1891 Oct # # For Grozny, Chechnya, we have the following story from # John Daniszewski, "Scavengers in the Rubble", Los Angeles Times (2001-02-07): -# News – often false – is spread by word of mouth. A rumor that it was +# News - often false - is spread by word of mouth. A rumor that it was # time to move the clocks back put this whole city out of sync with -# the rest of Russia for two weeks – even soldiers stationed here began +# the rest of Russia for two weeks - even soldiers stationed here began # enforcing curfew at the wrong time. # # From Gwillim Law (2001-06-05): @@ -2441,13 +2441,13 @@ Link Europe/Prague Europe/Bratislava # Spain # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S -# For 1917–1919 Whitman gives Apr Sat>=1 – Oct Sat>=1; +# For 1917-1919 Whitman gives Apr Sat>=1 - Oct Sat>=1; # go with Shanks & Pottenger. Rule Spain 1917 only - May 5 23:00s 1:00 S Rule Spain 1917 1919 - Oct 6 23:00s 0 - Rule Spain 1918 only - Apr 15 23:00s 1:00 S Rule Spain 1919 only - Apr 5 23:00s 1:00 S -# Whitman gives 1921 Feb 28 – Oct 14; go with Shanks & Pottenger. +# Whitman gives 1921 Feb 28 - Oct 14; go with Shanks & Pottenger. Rule Spain 1924 only - Apr 16 23:00s 1:00 S # Whitman gives 1924 Oct 14; go with Shanks & Pottenger. Rule Spain 1924 only - Oct 4 23:00s 0 - @@ -2464,7 +2464,7 @@ Rule Spain 1937 1939 - Oct Sat>=1 23:00s 0 - Rule Spain 1938 only - Mar 22 23:00s 1:00 S Rule Spain 1939 only - Apr 15 23:00s 1:00 S Rule Spain 1940 only - Mar 16 23:00s 1:00 S -# Whitman says no DST 1942–1945; go with Shanks & Pottenger. +# Whitman says no DST 1942-1945; go with Shanks & Pottenger. Rule Spain 1942 only - May 2 22:00s 2:00 M # Midsummer Rule Spain 1942 only - Sep 1 22:00s 1:00 S Rule Spain 1943 1946 - Apr Sat>=13 22:00s 2:00 M @@ -2521,7 +2521,7 @@ Zone Atlantic/Canary -1:01:36 - LMT 1922 Mar # Las Palmas de Gran C. # three degrees, or twelve minutes of time, to the west of the # meridian of the Observatory of Stockholm". The law is dated 1878-05-31. # -# The observatory at that time had the meridian 18° 03′ 30″ +# The observatory at that time had the meridian 18 degrees 03' 30" # eastern longitude = 01:12:14 in time. Less 12 minutes gives the # national standard time as 01:00:14 ahead of GMT.... # @@ -2540,7 +2540,7 @@ Zone Atlantic/Canary -1:01:36 - LMT 1922 Mar # Las Palmas de Gran C. # Further the law says, that "1916-09-30 is considered to end one hour later". # # The laws regulating [DST] are available on the site of the Swedish -# Parliament beginning with 1985 – the laws regulating 1980/1984 are +# Parliament beginning with 1985 - the laws regulating 1980/1984 are # not available on the site (to my knowledge they are only available # in Swedish): <http://www.riksdagen.se/english/work/sfst.asp> (type # "sommartid" without the quotes in the field "Fritext" and then click @@ -2569,7 +2569,7 @@ Zone Europe/Stockholm 1:12:12 - LMT 1879 Jan 1 # From Howse: # By the end of the 18th century clocks and watches became commonplace # and their performance improved enormously. Communities began to keep -# mean time in preference to apparent time – Geneva from 1780 .... +# mean time in preference to apparent time - Geneva from 1780 .... # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S # From Whitman (who writes "Midnight?"): # Rule Swiss 1940 only - Nov 2 0:00 1:00 S @@ -2625,7 +2625,7 @@ Zone Europe/Stockholm 1:12:12 - LMT 1879 Jan 1 # From Alois Treindl (2013-09-11): # The Federal regulations say # http://www.admin.ch/opc/de/classified-compilation/20071096/index.html -# ... the meridian for Bern mean time ... is 7° 26′ 22.50″. +# ... the meridian for Bern mean time ... is 7 degrees 26' 22.50". # Expressed in time, it is 0h29m45.5s. # From Pierre-Yves Berger (2013-09-11): @@ -2689,7 +2689,7 @@ Zone Europe/Zurich 0:34:08 - LMT 1853 Jul 16 # See above comment. # Starting 2007 though, it seems that they are adopting EU's 1:00 UTC # start/end time, according to the following page (2007-03-07): # http://www.ntvmsnbc.com/news/402029.asp -# The official document is located here – it is in Turkish...: +# The official document is located here - it is in Turkish...: # http://rega.basbakanlik.gov.tr/eskiler/2007/03/20070307-7.htm # I was able to locate the following seemingly official document # (on a non-government server though) describing dates between 2002 and 2006: @@ -2728,7 +2728,7 @@ Rule Turkey 1921 only - Apr 3 0:00 1:00 S Rule Turkey 1921 only - Oct 3 0:00 0 - Rule Turkey 1922 only - Mar 26 0:00 1:00 S Rule Turkey 1922 only - Oct 8 0:00 0 - -# Whitman gives 1923 Apr 28 – Sep 16 and no DST in 1924–1925; +# Whitman gives 1923 Apr 28 - Sep 16 and no DST in 1924-1925; # go with Shanks & Pottenger. Rule Turkey 1924 only - May 13 0:00 1:00 S Rule Turkey 1924 1925 - Oct 1 0:00 0 - @@ -2834,29 +2834,29 @@ Link Europe/Istanbul Asia/Istanbul # Istanbul is in both continents. # From Vladimir in Moscow via Alois Treindl re Kiev time 1991/2 (2014-02-28): # First in Ukraine they changed Time zone from UTC+3 to UTC+2 with DST: -# 03 25 1990 02:00 −03.00 1 Time Zone 3 with DST -# 07 01 1990 02:00 −02.00 1 Time Zone 2 with DST +# 03 25 1990 02:00 -03.00 1 Time Zone 3 with DST +# 07 01 1990 02:00 -02.00 1 Time Zone 2 with DST # * Ukrainian Government's Resolution of 18.06.1990, No. 134. # http://search.ligazakon.ua/l_doc2.nsf/link1/T001500.html # # They did not end DST in September, 1990 (according to the law, # "summer time" was still in action): -# 09 30 1990 03:00 −02.00 1 Time Zone 2 with DST +# 09 30 1990 03:00 -02.00 1 Time Zone 2 with DST # * Ukrainian Government's Resolution of 21.09.1990, No. 272. # http://search.ligazakon.ua/l_doc2.nsf/link1/KP900272.html # # Again no change in March, 1991 ("summer time" in action): -# 03 31 1991 02:00 −02.00 1 Time Zone 2 with DST +# 03 31 1991 02:00 -02.00 1 Time Zone 2 with DST # # DST ended in September 1991 ("summer time" ended): -# 09 29 1991 03:00 −02.00 0 Time Zone 2, no DST +# 09 29 1991 03:00 -02.00 0 Time Zone 2, no DST # * Ukrainian Government's Resolution of 25.09.1991, No. 225. # http://www.uazakon.com/documents/date_21/pg_iwgdoc.htm # This is an answer. # # Since 1992 they had normal DST procedure: -# 03 29 1992 02:00 −02.00 1 DST started -# 09 27 1992 03:00 −02.00 0 DST ended +# 03 29 1992 02:00 -02.00 1 DST started +# 09 27 1992 03:00 -02.00 0 DST ended # * Ukrainian Government's Resolution of 20.03.1992, No. 139. # http://www.uazakon.com/documents/date_8u/pg_grcasa.htm @@ -2951,7 +2951,7 @@ Zone Europe/Simferopol 2:16:24 - LMT 1880 # and off at 00:00 standard time (i.e., 01:00 DST) # ... -# Date: Wed, 28 Jan 87 16:56:27 −0100 +# Date: Wed, 28 Jan 87 16:56:27 -0100 # From: Tom Hofmann # ... # @@ -2964,7 +2964,7 @@ Zone Europe/Simferopol 2:16:24 - LMT 1880 # But also since 1981 there are some more national exceptions # than listed in 'europe': Switzerland, for example, joined DST # one year later, Denmark ended DST on 'Oct 1' instead of 'Sep -# lastSun' in 1981 – I don't know how they handle now. +# lastSun' in 1981 - I don't know how they handle now. # # Finally, DST ist always from 'Apr 1' to 'Oct 1' in the # Soviet Union (as far as I know). diff --git a/northamerica b/northamerica index 539a1bf..3009adc 100644 --- a/northamerica +++ b/northamerica @@ -16,8 +16,8 @@ # United States # From Paul Eggert (1999-03-31): -# Howse writes (pp 121–125) that time zones were invented by -# Professor Charles Ferdinand Dowd (1825–1904), +# Howse writes (pp 121-125) that time zones were invented by +# Professor Charles Ferdinand Dowd (1825-1904), # Principal of Temple Grove Ladies' Seminary (Saratoga Springs, NY). # His pamphlet "A System of National Time for Railroads" (1870) # was the result of his proposals at the Convention of Railroad Trunk Lines @@ -54,7 +54,7 @@ # to push people into bed earlier, and get them up earlier, to make # them healthy, wealthy and wise in spite of themselves. # -# — Robertson Davies, The diary of Samuel Marchbanks, +# -- Robertson Davies, The diary of Samuel Marchbanks, # Clarke, Irwin (1947), XIX, Sunday # # For more about the first ten years of DST in the United States, see @@ -158,7 +158,7 @@ Zone PST8PDT -8:00 US P%sT # old new # Pacific Standard Time(PST) -same- # Yukon Standard Time(YST) -same- -# Central Alaska S.T. (CAT) Alaska–Hawaii St[an]dard Time (AHST) +# Central Alaska S.T. (CAT) Alaska-Hawaii St[an]dard Time (AHST) # Nome Standard Time (NT) Bering Standard Time (BST) # # ...Alaska's timezone lines were redrawn in 1983 to give only 2 tz. @@ -171,17 +171,17 @@ Zone PST8PDT -8:00 US P%sT # From U. S. Naval Observatory (1989-01-19): # USA EASTERN 5 H BEHIND UTC NEW YORK, WASHINGTON -# USA EASTERN 4 H BEHIND UTC APR 3 – OCT 30 +# USA EASTERN 4 H BEHIND UTC APR 3 - OCT 30 # USA CENTRAL 6 H BEHIND UTC CHICAGO, HOUSTON -# USA CENTRAL 5 H BEHIND UTC APR 3 – OCT 30 +# USA CENTRAL 5 H BEHIND UTC APR 3 - OCT 30 # USA MOUNTAIN 7 H BEHIND UTC DENVER -# USA MOUNTAIN 6 H BEHIND UTC APR 3 – OCT 30 +# USA MOUNTAIN 6 H BEHIND UTC APR 3 - OCT 30 # USA PACIFIC 8 H BEHIND UTC L.A., SAN FRANCISCO -# USA PACIFIC 7 H BEHIND UTC APR 3 – OCT 30 +# USA PACIFIC 7 H BEHIND UTC APR 3 - OCT 30 # USA ALASKA STD 9 H BEHIND UTC MOST OF ALASKA (AKST) -# USA ALASKA STD 8 H BEHIND UTC APR 3 – OCT 30 (AKDT) +# USA ALASKA STD 8 H BEHIND UTC APR 3 - OCT 30 (AKDT) # USA ALEUTIAN 10 H BEHIND UTC ISLANDS WEST OF 170W -# USA " 9 H BEHIND UTC APR 3 – OCT 30 +# USA " 9 H BEHIND UTC APR 3 - OCT 30 # USA HAWAII 10 H BEHIND UTC # USA BERING 11 H BEHIND UTC SAMOA, MIDWAY @@ -212,7 +212,7 @@ Zone PST8PDT -8:00 US P%sT # mountain standard time # Pacific standard time # Yukon standard time -# Alaska–Hawaii standard time +# Alaska-Hawaii standard time # Bering standard time # And after 1983-11-30: # Atlantic standard time @@ -221,7 +221,7 @@ Zone PST8PDT -8:00 US P%sT # mountain standard time # Pacific standard time # Alaska standard time -# Hawaii–Aleutian standard time +# Hawaii-Aleutian standard time # Samoa standard time # The law doesn't give abbreviations. # @@ -234,19 +234,19 @@ Zone PST8PDT -8:00 US P%sT # The following was signed into law on 2005-08-08. # # H.R. 6, Energy Policy Act of 2005, SEC. 110. DAYLIGHT SAVINGS. -# (a) Amendment.—Section 3(a) of the Uniform Time Act of 1966 (15 -# U.S.C. 260a(a)) is amended— +# (a) Amendment.--Section 3(a) of the Uniform Time Act of 1966 (15 +# U.S.C. 260a(a)) is amended-- # (1) by striking "first Sunday of April" and inserting "second # Sunday of March"; and # (2) by striking "last Sunday of October" and inserting "first # Sunday of November'. -# (b) Effective Date.—Subsection (a) shall take effect 1 year after the +# (b) Effective Date.--Subsection (a) shall take effect 1 year after the # date of enactment of this Act or March 1, 2007, whichever is later. -# (c) Report to Congress.—Not later than 9 months after the effective +# (c) Report to Congress.--Not later than 9 months after the effective # date stated in subsection (b), the Secretary shall report to Congress # on the impact of this section on energy consumption in the United # States. -# (d) Right to Revert.—Congress retains the right to revert the +# (d) Right to Revert.--Congress retains the right to revert the # Daylight Saving Time back to the 2005 time schedules once the # Department study is complete. @@ -355,7 +355,8 @@ Zone America/North_Dakota/New_Salem -6:45:39 - LMT 1883 Nov 18 12:14:21 # ...according to the Census Bureau, the largest city is Beulah (although # it's commonly referred to as Beulah-Hazen, with Hazen being the next # largest city in Mercer County). Google Maps places Beulah's city hall -# at 47° 15′ 51″ N, 101° 46′ 40″ W, which yields an offset of 6h47′07″. +# at 47 degrees 15' 51" N, 101 degrees 46' 40" W, which yields an offset +# of 6h47'07". Zone America/North_Dakota/Beulah -6:47:07 - LMT 1883 Nov 18 12:12:53 -7:00 US M%sT 2010 Nov 7 2:00 @@ -404,7 +405,7 @@ Zone America/Los_Angeles -7:52:58 - LMT 1883 Nov 18 12:07:02 -8:00 US P%sT # Alaska -# AK%sT is the modern abbreviation for −9:00 per USNO. +# AK%sT is the modern abbreviation for -9:00 per USNO. # # From Paul Eggert (2001-05-30): # Howse writes that Alaska switched from the Julian to the Gregorian calendar, @@ -455,7 +456,7 @@ Zone America/Los_Angeles -7:52:58 - LMT 1883 Nov 18 12:07:02 # http://www.commerce.state.ak.us/dca/commdb/CIS.cfm?Comm_Boro_name=Metlakatla # It's shortly after 1:00 here on the east coast of the United States; # the staffer said it was shortly after 10:00 there. When I asked whether -# that meant they were on Pacific time, they said no – they were on their +# that meant they were on Pacific time, they said no - they were on their # own time. I asked about daylight saving; they said it wasn't used. I # did not inquire about practices in the past. @@ -527,7 +528,7 @@ Zone America/Adak 12:13:21 - LMT 1867 Oct 18 # The following switches don't quite make our 1970 cutoff. # # Shanks writes that part of southwest Alaska (e.g. Aniak) -# switched from −11:00 to −10:00 on 1968-09-22 at 02:00, +# switched from -11:00 to -10:00 on 1968-09-22 at 02:00, # and another part (e.g. Akiak) made the same switch five weeks later. # # From David Flater (2004-11-09): @@ -548,7 +549,7 @@ Zone America/Adak 12:13:21 - LMT 1867 Oct 18 # Hawaii # From Arthur David Olson (2010-12-09): -# "Hawaiian Time" by Robert C. Schmitt and Doak C. Cox appears on pages 207–225 +# "Hawaiian Time" by Robert C. Schmitt and Doak C. Cox appears on pages 207-225 # of volume 26 of The Hawaiian Journal of History (1992). As of 2010-12-09, # the article is available at # http://evols.library.manoa.hawaii.edu/bitstream/10524/239/2/JL26215.pdf @@ -657,15 +658,15 @@ Zone America/Boise -7:44:49 - LMT 1883 Nov 18 12:15:11 # Since 1970, most of Indiana has been like America/Indiana/Indianapolis, # with the following exceptions: # -# – Gibson, Jasper, Lake, LaPorte, Newton, Porter, Posey, Spencer, +# - Gibson, Jasper, Lake, LaPorte, Newton, Porter, Posey, Spencer, # Vandenburgh, and Warrick counties have been like America/Chicago. # -# – Dearborn and Ohio counties have been like America/New_York. +# - Dearborn and Ohio counties have been like America/New_York. # -# – Clark, Floyd, and Harrison counties have been like +# - Clark, Floyd, and Harrison counties have been like # America/Kentucky/Louisville. # -# – Crawford, Daviess, Dubois, Knox, Martin, Perry, Pike, Pulaski, Starke, +# - Crawford, Daviess, Dubois, Knox, Martin, Perry, Pike, Pulaski, Starke, # and Switzerland counties have their own time zone histories as noted below. # # Shanks partitioned Indiana into 345 regions, each with its own time history, @@ -877,13 +878,13 @@ Zone America/Kentucky/Louisville -5:43:02 - LMT 1883 Nov 18 12:16:58 # # From Rich Wales (2000-08-29): # After prolonged debate, and despite continuing deep differences of opinion, -# Wayne County (central Kentucky) is switching from Central (−0600) to Eastern -# (−0500) time. They won't "fall back" this year. See Sara Shipley, -# The difference an hour makes, Nando Times (2000-08-29 15:33 −0400). +# Wayne County (central Kentucky) is switching from Central (-0600) to Eastern +# (-0500) time. They won't "fall back" this year. See Sara Shipley, +# The difference an hour makes, Nando Times (2000-08-29 15:33 -0400). # # From Paul Eggert (2001-07-16): # The final rule was published in the -# Federal Register 65, 160 (2000-08-17), pp 50154–50158. +# Federal Register 65, 160 (2000-08-17), pp 50154-50158. # <http://frwebgate.access.gpo.gov/cgi-bin/getdoc.cgi?dbname=2000_register&doci...> # Zone America/Kentucky/Monticello -5:39:24 - LMT 1883 Nov 18 12:20:36 @@ -909,7 +910,7 @@ Zone America/Kentucky/Monticello -5:39:24 - LMT 1883 Nov 18 12:20:36 # See America/North_Dakota/Center for the Oliver County, ND change. # West Wendover, NV officially switched from Pacific to mountain time on # 1999-10-31. See the -# Federal Register 64, 203 (1999-10-21), pp 56705–56707. +# Federal Register 64, 203 (1999-10-21), pp 56705-56707. # <http://frwebgate.access.gpo.gov/cgi-bin/getdoc.cgi?dbname=1999_register&doci...> # However, the Federal Register says that West Wendover already operated # on mountain time, and the rule merely made this official; @@ -922,7 +923,7 @@ Zone America/Kentucky/Monticello -5:39:24 - LMT 1883 Nov 18 12:20:36 # # From Paul Eggert (1999-03-31): # Shanks writes that Michigan started using standard time on 1885-09-18, -# but Howse writes (pp 124–125, referring to Popular Astronomy, 1901-01) +# but Howse writes (pp 124-125, referring to Popular Astronomy, 1901-01) # that Detroit kept # # local time until 1900 when the City Council decreed that clocks should @@ -1008,7 +1009,7 @@ Zone America/Menominee -5:50:27 - LMT 1885 Sep 18 12:00 # <http://cs.ucla.edu/~eggert/The-Waste-of-Daylight-19th.pdf> # [PDF] (1914-03) # -# Milne J. Civil time. Geogr J. 1899 Feb;13(2):173–94 +# Milne J. Civil time. Geogr J. 1899 Feb;13(2):173-94 # <http://www.jstor.org/stable/1774359>. # # See the 'europe' file for Greenland. @@ -1021,15 +1022,15 @@ Zone America/Menominee -5:50:27 - LMT 1885 Sep 18 12:00 # # UTC Standard time Daylight saving time # offset French English French English -# −2:30 – – HAT NDT -# −3 – – HAA ADT -# −3:30 HNT NST – – -# −4 HNA AST HAE EDT -# −5 HNE EST HAC CDT -# −6 HNC CST HAR MDT -# −7 HNR MST HAP PDT -# −8 HNP PST HAY YDT -# −9 HNY YST – – +# -2:30 - - HAT NDT +# -3 - - HAA ADT +# -3:30 HNT NST - - +# -4 HNA AST HAE EDT +# -5 HNE EST HAC CDT +# -6 HNC CST HAR MDT +# -7 HNR MST HAP PDT +# -8 HNP PST HAY YDT +# -9 HNY YST - - # # HN: Heure Normale ST: Standard Time # HA: Heure Avancée DT: Daylight saving Time @@ -1153,18 +1154,18 @@ Rule StJohns 1917 only - Sep 17 2:00 0 S # Whitman gives 1919 Apr 5 and 1920 Apr 5; go with Shanks & Pottenger. Rule StJohns 1919 only - May 5 23:00 1:00 D Rule StJohns 1919 only - Aug 12 23:00 0 S -# For 1931–1935 Whitman gives Apr same date; go with Shanks & Pottenger. +# For 1931-1935 Whitman gives Apr same date; go with Shanks & Pottenger. Rule StJohns 1920 1935 - May Sun>=1 23:00 1:00 D Rule StJohns 1920 1935 - Oct lastSun 23:00 0 S -# For 1936–1941 Whitman gives May Sun>=8 and Oct Sun>=1; go with Shanks & +# For 1936-1941 Whitman gives May Sun>=8 and Oct Sun>=1; go with Shanks & # Pottenger. Rule StJohns 1936 1941 - May Mon>=9 0:00 1:00 D Rule StJohns 1936 1941 - Oct Mon>=2 0:00 0 S # Whitman gives the following transitions: # 1942 03-01/12-31, 1943 05-30/09-05, 1944 07-10/09-02, 1945 01-01/10-07 # but go with Shanks & Pottenger and assume they used Canadian rules. -# For 1946–9 Whitman gives May 5,4,9,1 – Oct 1,5,3,2, and for 1950 he gives -# Apr 30 – Sep 24; go with Shanks & Pottenger. +# For 1946-9 Whitman gives May 5,4,9,1 - Oct 1,5,3,2, and for 1950 he gives +# Apr 30 - Sep 24; go with Shanks & Pottenger. Rule StJohns 1946 1950 - May Sun>=8 2:00 1:00 D Rule StJohns 1946 1950 - Oct Sun>=2 2:00 0 S Rule StJohns 1951 1986 - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D @@ -1183,7 +1184,7 @@ Rule StJohns 1960 1986 - Oct lastSun 2:00 0 S # ... # http://www.assembly.nl.ca/legislation/sr/annualstatutes/2011/1106.chp.htm # ... -# MICHAEL PELLEY | Manager of Enterprise Architecture – Solution Delivery +# MICHAEL PELLEY | Manager of Enterprise Architecture - Solution Delivery # Office of the Chief Information Officer # Executive Council # Government of Newfoundland & Labrador @@ -1406,7 +1407,7 @@ Zone America/Montreal -4:54:16 - LMT 1884 # have already done so. In Orillia DST was to run until Saturday, # 1912-08-31 (no time mentioned), but it was met with considerable # hostility from certain segments of the public, and was revoked after -# only two weeks – I copied it as Saturday, 1912-07-07, 22:00, but +# only two weeks - I copied it as Saturday, 1912-07-07, 22:00, but # presumably that should be -07-06. (1912-06-19, -07-12; also letters # earlier in June). # @@ -1624,7 +1625,7 @@ Zone America/Atikokan -6:06:28 - LMT 1895 # Manitoba # From Rob Douglas (2006-04-06): -# the old Manitoba Time Act – as amended by Bill 2, assented to +# the old Manitoba Time Act - as amended by Bill 2, assented to # March 27, 1987 ... said ... # "between two o'clock Central Standard Time in the morning of # the first Sunday of April of each year and two o'clock Central @@ -1634,7 +1635,7 @@ Zone America/Atikokan -6:06:28 - LMT 1895 # been assented to (March 22, 1967).... # Also, as far as I can tell, there was no order-in-council varying # the time of Daylight Saving Time for 2005 and so the provisions of -# the 1987 version would apply – the changeover was at 2:00 Central +# the 1987 version would apply - the changeover was at 2:00 Central # Standard Time (i.e. not until 3:00 Central Daylight Time). # From Paul Eggert (2006-04-10): @@ -1810,7 +1811,7 @@ Zone America/Edmonton -7:33:52 - LMT 1906 Sep # manager of the Creston & District Museum. The article was written in May 2009. # http://www.ilovecreston.com/?p=articles&t=spec&ar=260 # According to the article, Creston has not changed its clocks since June 1918. -# i.e. Creston has been stuck on UTC−7 for 93 years. +# i.e. Creston has been stuck on UTC-7 for 93 years. # Dawson Creek, on the other hand, changed its clocks as recently as April 1972. # Unfortunately the exact date for the time change in June 1918 remains @@ -1822,11 +1823,11 @@ Zone America/Edmonton -7:33:52 - LMT 1906 Sep # http://www.creston.museum.bc.ca/index.php?module=comments&uop=view_comment&c... # Here is a summary of the three clock change events in Creston's history: -# 1. 1884 or 1885: adoption of Mountain Standard Time (GMT−7) +# 1. 1884 or 1885: adoption of Mountain Standard Time (GMT-7) # Exact date unknown -# 2. Oct 1916: switch to Pacific Standard Time (GMT−8) +# 2. Oct 1916: switch to Pacific Standard Time (GMT-8) # Exact date in October unknown; Sunday October 1 is a reasonable guess. -# 3. June 1918: switch to Pacific Daylight Time (GMT−7) +# 3. June 1918: switch to Pacific Daylight Time (GMT-7) # Exact date in June unknown; Sunday June 2 is a reasonable guess. # note#1: # On Oct 27/1918 when daylight saving ended in the rest of Canada, @@ -1836,13 +1837,13 @@ Zone America/Edmonton -7:33:52 - LMT 1906 Sep # Creston did not oblige. # note#3: # There is no guarantee that Creston will remain on Mountain Standard Time -# (UTC−7) forever. +# (UTC-7) forever. # The subject was debated at least once this year by the town Council. # http://www.bclocalnews.com/kootenay_rockies/crestonvalleyadvance/news/116760... # During a period WWII, summer time (Daylight saying) was mandatory in Canada. -# In Creston, that was handled by shifting the area to PST (−8:00) then applying -# summer time to cause the offset to be −7:00, the same as it had been before +# In Creston, that was handled by shifting the area to PST (-8:00) then applying +# summer time to cause the offset to be -7:00, the same as it had been before # the change. It can be argued that the timezone abbreviation during this # period should be PDT rather than MST, but that doesn't seem important enough # (to anyone) to further complicate the rules. @@ -1878,7 +1879,7 @@ Zone America/Creston -7:46:04 - LMT 1884 # Dawson switched to PST in 1973. Inuvik switched to MST in 1979. # Mathew Englander (1996-10-07) gives the following refs: # * 1967. Paragraph 28(34)(g) of the Interpretation Act, S.C. 1967-68, -# c. 7 defines Yukon standard time as UTC−9. This is still valid; +# c. 7 defines Yukon standard time as UTC-9. This is still valid; # see Interpretation Act, R.S.C. 1985, c. I-21, s. 35(1). # * C.O. 1973/214 switched Yukon to PST on 1973-10-28 00:00. # * O.I.C. 1980/02 established DST. @@ -1933,7 +1934,7 @@ Zone America/Creston -7:46:04 - LMT 1884 # Nunatsiaq News (1999-11-19) # <http://www.nunatsiaq.com/archives/nunavut991130/nvt91119_17.html>: # Clyde River, Pangnirtung and Sanikiluaq now operate with two time zones, -# central – or Nunavut time – for government offices, and eastern time +# central - or Nunavut time - for government offices, and eastern time # for municipal offices and schools.... Igloolik [was similar but then] # made the switch to central time on Saturday, Nov. 6. @@ -1984,7 +1985,7 @@ Zone America/Creston -7:46:04 - LMT 1884 # (both dated 2003), and # http://www.canadiangeographic.ca/Magazine/SO98/geomap.asp # (from a 1998 Canadian Geographic article), the de facto and de jure time -# for Southampton Island (at the north end of Hudson Bay) is UTC−5 all year +# for Southampton Island (at the north end of Hudson Bay) is UTC-5 all year # round. Using Google, it's easy to find other websites that confirm this. # I wasn't able to find how far back this time regimen goes, but since it # predates the creation of Nunavut, it probably goes back many years.... @@ -2005,15 +2006,15 @@ Zone America/Creston -7:46:04 - LMT 1884 # Back in 2007 I initiated the creation of a new "zone file" for Resolute # Bay. Resolute Bay is a small community located about 900km north of # the Arctic Circle. The zone file was required because Resolute Bay had -# decided to use UTC−5 instead of UTC−6 for the winter of 2006–2007. +# decided to use UTC-5 instead of UTC-6 for the winter of 2006-2007. # # According to new information which I received last week, Resolute Bay -# went back to using UTC−6 in the winter of 2007–2008... +# went back to using UTC-6 in the winter of 2007-2008... # # On March 11/2007 most of Canada went onto daylight saving. On March # 14/2007 I phoned the Resolute Bay hamlet office to do a "time check." I # talked to somebody that was both knowledgeable and helpful. I was able -# to confirm that Resolute Bay was still operating on UTC−5. It was +# to confirm that Resolute Bay was still operating on UTC-5. It was # explained to me that Resolute Bay had been on the Eastern Time zone # (EST) in the winter, and was now back on the Central Time zone (CDT). # i.e. the time zone had changed twice in the last year but the clocks @@ -2030,7 +2031,7 @@ Zone America/Creston -7:46:04 - LMT 1884 # # On March 14/2011 I phoned the hamlet office again. I was told that # Resolute Bay had been using Central Standard Time over the winter of -# 2010–2011 and that the clocks had therefore been moved one hour ahead +# 2010-2011 and that the clocks had therefore been moved one hour ahead # on March 13/2011. The person I talked to was aware that Resolute Bay # had previously experimented with Eastern Standard Time but he could not # tell me when the practice had stopped. @@ -2048,7 +2049,7 @@ Zone America/Creston -7:46:04 - LMT 1884 # # Aziz responded quickly with this: "hi, The time was not changed for the # 1 year only, the following year, the community went back to the old way -# of "spring ahead–fall behind" currently we are zulu plus 5 hrs and in +# of "spring ahead-fall behind" currently we are zulu plus 5 hrs and in # the winter Zulu plus 6 hrs" # # This of course conflicted with everything I had ascertained in November 2008. @@ -2136,7 +2137,7 @@ Zone America/Dawson -9:17:40 - LMT 1900 Aug 20 # # Here are the discrepancies between Shanks & Pottenger (S&P) and the MLoC. # (In all cases we go with the MLoC.) -# S&P report that Baja was at −8:00 in 1922/1923. +# S&P report that Baja was at -8:00 in 1922/1923. # S&P say the 1930 transition in Baja was 1930-11-16. # S&P report no DST during summer 1931. # S&P report a transition at 1932-03-30 23:00, not 1932-04-01. @@ -2157,9 +2158,9 @@ Zone America/Dawson -9:17:40 - LMT 1900 Aug 20 # rules for the DST changes. The rules are: # # 1. The country is divided in 3 timezones: -# – Baja California Norte (the Mexico/BajaNorte TZ) -# – Baja California Sur, Nayarit, Sinaloa and Sonora (the Mexico/BajaSur TZ) -# – The rest of the country (the Mexico/General TZ) +# - Baja California Norte (the Mexico/BajaNorte TZ) +# - Baja California Sur, Nayarit, Sinaloa and Sonora (the Mexico/BajaSur TZ) +# - The rest of the country (the Mexico/General TZ) # # 2. From the first Sunday in April at 2:00 AM to the last Sunday in October # at 2:00 AM, the times in each zone are as follows: @@ -2182,7 +2183,7 @@ Zone America/Dawson -9:17:40 - LMT 1900 Aug 20 # From Rives McDow (1998-10-08): # The State of Quintana Roo has reverted back to central STD and DST times -# (i.e. UTC −0600 and −0500 as of 1998-08-02). +# (i.e. UTC -0600 and -0500 as of 1998-08-02). # From Rives McDow (2000-01-10): # Effective April 4, 1999 at 2:00 AM local time, Sonora changed to the time @@ -2200,7 +2201,7 @@ Zone America/Dawson -9:17:40 - LMT 1900 Aug 20 # From Gwillim Law (2001-01-19): # <http://www.reforma.com/negocios_y_dinero/articulo/064481/> ... says # (translated):... -# January 17, 2000 – The Energy Secretary, Ernesto Martens, announced +# January 17, 2000 - The Energy Secretary, Ernesto Martens, announced # that Summer Time will be reduced from seven to five months, starting # this year.... # <http://www.publico.com.mx/scripts/texto3.asp?action=pagina&pag=21&pos=p&secc...> @@ -2386,7 +2387,7 @@ Zone America/Hermosillo -7:23:52 - LMT 1921 Dec 31 23:36:08 # From Alexander Krivenyshev (2010-04-21): # According to news, Bahía de Banderas (Mexican state of Nayarit) -# changed time zone UTC−7 to new time zone UTC−6 on April 4, 2010 (to +# changed time zone UTC-7 to new time zone UTC-6 on April 4, 2010 (to # share the same time zone as nearby city Puerto Vallarta, Jalisco). # # (Spanish) @@ -2501,7 +2502,7 @@ Zone America/Antigua -4:07:12 - LMT 1912 Mar 2 # Bahamas # -# For 1899 Milne gives −5:09:29.5; round that. +# For 1899 Milne gives -5:09:29.5; round that. # # From Sue Williams (2006-12-07): # The Bahamas announced about a month ago that they plan to change their DST @@ -2518,7 +2519,7 @@ Zone America/Nassau -5:09:30 - LMT 1912 Mar 2 # Barbados -# For 1899 Milne gives −3:58:29.2; round that. +# For 1899 Milne gives -3:58:29.2; round that. # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S Rule Barb 1977 only - Jun 12 2:00 1:00 D @@ -2546,7 +2547,7 @@ Zone America/Belize -5:52:48 - LMT 1912 Apr # Bermuda -# For 1899 Milne gives −4:19:18.3 as the meridian of the clock tower, +# For 1899 Milne gives -4:19:18.3 as the meridian of the clock tower, # Bermuda dockyard, Ireland I; round that. # From Dan Jones, reporting in The Royal Gazette (2006-06-26): @@ -2571,7 +2572,7 @@ Zone America/Cayman -5:25:32 - LMT 1890 # Georgetown # Costa Rica -# Milne gives −5:36:13.3 as San José mean time; round to nearest. +# Milne gives -5:36:13.3 as San José mean time; round to nearest. # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S Rule CR 1979 1980 - Feb lastSun 0:00 1:00 D @@ -2592,8 +2593,8 @@ Zone America/Costa_Rica -5:36:13 - LMT 1890 # San José # Cuba # From Paul Eggert (2013-02-21): -# Milne gives −5:28:50.45 for the observatory at Havana, −5:29:23.57 -# for the port, and −5:30 for meteorological observations. +# Milne gives -5:28:50.45 for the observatory at Havana, -5:29:23.57 +# for the port, and -5:30 for meteorological observations. # For now, stick with Shanks & Pottenger. # From Arthur David Olson (1999-03-29): @@ -2603,8 +2604,8 @@ Zone America/Costa_Rica -5:36:13 - LMT 1890 # San José # During the game, play-by-play announcer Jim Hunter noted that # "We'll be losing two hours of sleep...Cuba switched to Daylight Saving # Time today." (The "two hour" remark referred to losing one hour of -# sleep on 1999-03-28 – when the announcers were in Cuba as it switched -# to DST – and one more hour on 1999-04-04 – when the announcers will have +# sleep on 1999-03-28 - when the announcers were in Cuba as it switched +# to DST - and one more hour on 1999-04-04 - when the announcers will have # returned to Baltimore, which switches on that date.) # From Steffen Thorsen (2013-11-11): @@ -2622,7 +2623,7 @@ Zone America/Costa_Rica -5:36:13 - LMT 1890 # San José # For now, let's assume that it's a temporary measure. # From Carlos A. Carnero Delgado (2005-11-12): -# This year (just like in 2004–2005) there's no change in time zone +# This year (just like in 2004-2005) there's no change in time zone # adjustment in Cuba. We will stay in daylight saving time: # http://www.granma.cu/espanol/2005/noviembre/mier9/horario.html @@ -2631,7 +2632,7 @@ Zone America/Costa_Rica -5:36:13 - LMT 1890 # San José # the 3 years of permanent DST next weekend, see # http://www.granma.cu/ingles/2006/octubre/lun16/43horario.html # "On Saturday night, October 28 going into Sunday, October 29, at 01:00, -# watches should be set back one hour – going back to 00:00 hours – returning +# watches should be set back one hour - going back to 00:00 hours - returning # to the normal schedule.... # From Paul Eggert (2007-03-02): @@ -2642,7 +2643,7 @@ Zone America/Costa_Rica -5:36:13 - LMT 1890 # San José # # From Steffen Thorsen (2007-10-25): # Carlos Alberto Fonseca Arauz informed me that Cuba will end DST one week -# earlier – on the last Sunday of October, just like in 2006. +# earlier - on the last Sunday of October, just like in 2006. # # He supplied these references: # @@ -2676,7 +2677,7 @@ Zone America/Costa_Rica -5:36:13 - LMT 1890 # San José # The article also says that Cuba has been observing DST since 1963, # while Shanks (and tzdata) has 1965 as the first date (except in the # 1940's). Many other web pages in Cuba also claim that it has been -# observed since 1963, but with the exception of 1970 – an exception +# observed since 1963, but with the exception of 1970 - an exception # which is not present in tzdata/Shanks. So there is a chance we need to # change some historic records as well. # @@ -2695,7 +2696,7 @@ Zone America/Costa_Rica -5:36:13 - LMT 1890 # San José # Assume Sun>=15 (third Sunday) going forward. # From Alexander Krivenyshev (2009-03-04) -# According to the Radio Reloj – Cuba will start Daylight Saving Time on +# According to the Radio Reloj - Cuba will start Daylight Saving Time on # midnight between Saturday, March 07, 2009 and Sunday, March 08, 2009- # not on midnight March 14 / March 15 as previously thought. # @@ -2706,7 +2707,7 @@ Zone America/Costa_Rica -5:36:13 - LMT 1890 # San José # I listened over the Internet to # http://media.enet.cu/readioreloj # this morning; when it was 10:05 a. m. here in Bethesda, Maryland the -# the time was announced as "diez cinco" – the same time as here, indicating +# the time was announced as "diez cinco" - the same time as here, indicating # that has indeed switched to DST. Assume second Sunday from 2009 forward. # From Steffen Thorsen (2011-03-08): @@ -2988,7 +2989,7 @@ Zone America/Tegucigalpa -5:48:52 - LMT 1921 Apr # Great Swan I ceded by US to Honduras in 1972 # Jamaica -# Shanks & Pottenger give −5:07:12, but Milne records −5:07:10.41 from an +# Shanks & Pottenger give -5:07:12, but Milne records -5:07:10.41 from an # unspecified official document, and says "This time is used throughout the # island". Go with Milne. Round to the nearest second as required by zic. # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] @@ -3033,7 +3034,7 @@ Zone America/Martinique -4:04:20 - LMT 1890 # Fort-de-France # and elsewhere, says (fifth paragraph, translated from Spanish): "The last # time that a change of clocks was applied to save energy was in the year 2000 # during the Arnoldo Alemán administration."... -# The northamerica file says that Nicaragua has been on UTC−6 continuously +# The northamerica file says that Nicaragua has been on UTC-6 continuously # since December 1998. I wasn't able to find any details of Nicaraguan time # changes in 2000. Perhaps a note could be added to the northamerica file, to # the effect that we have indirect evidence that DST was observed in 2000. diff --git a/pacificnew b/pacificnew index a2249df..7349434 100644 --- a/pacificnew +++ b/pacificnew @@ -2,7 +2,7 @@ # 2009-05-17 by Arthur David Olson. # From Arthur David Olson (1989-04-05): -# On 1989-04-05, the U. S. House of Representatives passed (238–154) a bill +# On 1989-04-05, the U. S. House of Representatives passed (238-154) a bill # establishing "Pacific Presidential Election Time"; it was not acted on # by the Senate or signed into law by the President. # You might want to change the "PE" (Presidential Election) below to diff --git a/southamerica b/southamerica index 4a01f3f..3d78ba1 100644 --- a/southamerica +++ b/southamerica @@ -11,7 +11,7 @@ # San Diego: ACS Publications, Inc. (2003). # # For data circa 1899, a common source is: -# Milne J. Civil time. Geogr J. 1899 Feb;13(2):173–94 +# Milne J. Civil time. Geogr J. 1899 Feb;13(2):173-94 # <http://www.jstor.org/stable/1774359>. # # Gwillim Law writes that a good source @@ -29,7 +29,7 @@ # I suggest the use of _Summer time_ instead of the more cumbersome # _daylight-saving time_. _Summer time_ seems to be in general use # in Europe and South America. -# — E O Cutler, _New York Times_ (1937-02-14), quoted in +# -- E O Cutler, _New York Times_ (1937-02-14), quoted in # H L Mencken, _The American Language: Supplement I_ (1960), p 466 # # Earlier editions of these tables also used the North American style @@ -45,10 +45,10 @@ # So I invented the following (English-language) abbreviations for now. # Corrections are welcome! # std dst -# −2:00 FNT FNST Fernando de Noronha -# −3:00 BRT BRST Brasília -# −4:00 AMT AMST Amazon -# −5:00 ACT ACST Acre +# -2:00 FNT FNST Fernando de Noronha +# -3:00 BRT BRST Brasília +# -4:00 AMT AMST Amazon +# -5:00 ACT ACST Acre ############################################################################### @@ -118,7 +118,7 @@ Rule Arg 2000 only - Mar 3 0:00 0 - # From Peter Gradelski via Steffen Thorsen (2000-03-01): # We just checked with our São Paulo office and they say the government of # Argentina decided not to become one of the countries that go on or off DST. -# So Buenos Aires should be −3 hours from GMT at all times. +# So Buenos Aires should be -3 hours from GMT at all times. # # From Fabián L. Arce Jofré (2000-04-04): # The law that claimed DST for Argentina was derogated by President Fernando @@ -146,7 +146,7 @@ Rule Arg 2000 only - Mar 3 0:00 0 - # http://www.clarin.com.ar/diario/2001-06-22/s-03601.htm # It remains the vote of the Deputies..., but it will be the same.... # This kind of things had always been done this way in Argentina. -# We are still −03:00 all year round in all of the country. +# We are still -03:00 all year round in all of the country. # # From Steffen Thorsen (2007-12-21): # A user (Leonardo Chaim) reported that Argentina will adopt DST.... @@ -229,7 +229,7 @@ Rule Arg 2008 only - Oct Sun>=15 0:00 1:00 S # Hora de verano para la Republica Argentina (2003-06-08) # <http://www.spicasc.net/horvera.html> # says that standard time in Argentina from 1894-10-31 -# to 1920-05-01 was −4:16:48.25. Go with this more-precise value +# to 1920-05-01 was -4:16:48.25. Go with this more-precise value # over Shanks & Pottenger. # # From Mariano Absatz (2004-06-05): @@ -237,16 +237,16 @@ Rule Arg 2008 only - Oct Sun>=15 0:00 1:00 S # http://www.lanacion.com.ar/04/05/27/de_604825.asp # http://www.lanacion.com.ar/04/05/28/de_605203.asp # -# The following eight (8) provinces pulled clocks back to UTC−04:00 at +# The following eight (8) provinces pulled clocks back to UTC-04:00 at # midnight Monday May 31st. (that is, the night between 05/31 and 06/01). -# Apparently, all nine provinces would go back to UTC−03:00 at the same +# Apparently, all nine provinces would go back to UTC-03:00 at the same # time in October 17th. # # Catamarca, Chubut, La Rioja, San Juan, San Luis, Santa Cruz, # Tierra del Fuego, Tucumán. # # From Mariano Absatz (2004-06-14): -# ... this weekend, the Province of Tucumán decided it'd go back to UTC−03:00 +# ... this weekend, the Province of Tucumán decided it'd go back to UTC-03:00 # yesterday midnight (that is, at 24:00 Saturday 12th), since the people's # annoyance with the change is much higher than the power savings obtained.... # @@ -270,8 +270,8 @@ Rule Arg 2008 only - Oct Sun>=15 0:00 1:00 S # http://www.gobernac.mendoza.gov.ar/boletin/pdf/20040924-27244-normas.pdf # # From Mariano Absatz (2004-10-05): -# San Juan changed from UTC−03:00 to UTC−04:00 at midnight between -# Sunday, May 30th and Monday, May 31st. It changed back to UTC−03:00 +# San Juan changed from UTC-03:00 to UTC-04:00 at midnight between +# Sunday, May 30th and Monday, May 31st. It changed back to UTC-03:00 # at midnight between Saturday, July 24th and Sunday, July 25th.... # http://www.sanjuan.gov.ar/prensa/archivo/000329.html # http://www.sanjuan.gov.ar/prensa/archivo/000426.html @@ -319,9 +319,9 @@ Rule Arg 2008 only - Oct Sun>=15 0:00 1:00 S # From Mariano Absatz (2008-01-28): # I can confirm that the Province of San Luis (and so far only that -# province) decided to go back to UTC−3 effective midnight Jan 20th 2008 +# province) decided to go back to UTC-3 effective midnight Jan 20th 2008 # (that is, Monday 21st at 0:00 is the time the clocks were delayed back -# 1 hour), and they intend to keep UTC−3 as their timezone all year round +# 1 hour), and they intend to keep UTC-3 as their timezone all year round # (that is, unless they change their mind any minute now). # # So we'll have to add yet another city to 'southamerica' (I think San @@ -329,7 +329,7 @@ Rule Arg 2008 only - Oct Sun>=15 0:00 1:00 S # America/Argentina/San_Luis... of course I can't remember if San Luis's # history of particular changes goes along with Mendoza or San Juan :-( # (I only remember not being able to collect hard facts about San Luis -# back in 2004, when these provinces changed to UTC−4 for a few days, I +# back in 2004, when these provinces changed to UTC-4 for a few days, I # mailed them personally and never got an answer). # From Paul Eggert (2008-06-30): @@ -342,8 +342,8 @@ Rule Arg 2008 only - Oct Sun>=15 0:00 1:00 S # From Mariano Absatz (2009-03-13): # Yesterday (with our usual 2-day notice) the Province of San Luis -# decided that next Sunday instead of "staying" @utc−03:00 they will go -# to utc−04:00 until the second Saturday in October... +# decided that next Sunday instead of "staying" @utc-03:00 they will go +# to utc-04:00 until the second Saturday in October... # # The press release is at # http://www.sanluis.gov.ar/SL/Paginas/NoticiaDetalle.asp?TemaId=1&InfoPrensaI... @@ -380,7 +380,7 @@ Rule Arg 2008 only - Oct Sun>=15 0:00 1:00 S # change in 2007/2008, were made according to the Federal Law and Decrees # that did so on the 3rd Sunday of October and March. # -# In fact, San Luis actually switched from UTC−4 to UTC−3 last Sunday +# In fact, San Luis actually switched from UTC-4 to UTC-3 last Sunday # (October 11th) at 0:00. # # So I guess a new set of rules, besides "Arg", must be made and the last @@ -389,15 +389,15 @@ Rule Arg 2008 only - Oct Sun>=15 0:00 1:00 S # I'm enclosing a patch that does what I say... regretfully, the San Luis # timezone must be called "WART/WARST" even when most of the time (like, # right now) WARST == ART... that is, since last Sunday, all the country -# is using UTC−3, but in my patch, San Luis calls it "WARST" and the rest +# is using UTC-3, but in my patch, San Luis calls it "WARST" and the rest # of the country calls it "ART". # ... # From Alexander Krivenyshev (2010-04-09): # According to news reports from El Diario de la Republica Province San -# Luis, Argentina (standard time UTC−04) will keep Daylight Saving Time -# after April 11, 2010 – will continue to have same time as rest of -# Argentina (UTC−3) (no DST). +# Luis, Argentina (standard time UTC-04) will keep Daylight Saving Time +# after April 11, 2010 - will continue to have same time as rest of +# Argentina (UTC-3) (no DST). # # Confirmaron la prórroga del huso horario de verano (Spanish) # http://www.eldiariodelarepublica.com/index.php?option=com_content&task=view&... @@ -406,14 +406,14 @@ Rule Arg 2008 only - Oct Sun>=15 0:00 1:00 S # From Mariano Absatz (2010-04-12): # yes...I can confirm this...and given that San Luis keeps calling -# UTC−03:00 "summer time", we should't just let San Luis go back to "Arg" +# UTC-03:00 "summer time", we should't just let San Luis go back to "Arg" # rules...San Luis is still using "Western ARgentina Time" and it got # stuck on Summer daylight savings time even though the summer is over. # From Paul Eggert (2013-09-05): -# Perhaps San Luis operates on the legal fiction that it is at UTC−4 +# Perhaps San Luis operates on the legal fiction that it is at UTC-4 # with perpetual summer time, but ordinary usage typically seems to -# just say it's at UTC−3; see, for example, +# just say it's at UTC-3; see, for example, # <http://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hora_oficial_argentina>. # We've documented similar situations as being plain changes to # standard time, so let's do that here too. This does not change UTC @@ -422,7 +422,7 @@ Rule Arg 2008 only - Oct Sun>=15 0:00 1:00 S # setting for time stamps past 2038. # From Paul Eggert (2013-02-21): -# Milne says Córdoba time was −4:16:48.2. Round to the nearest second. +# Milne says Córdoba time was -4:16:48.2. Round to the nearest second. # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] # @@ -439,11 +439,11 @@ Zone America/Argentina/Buenos_Aires -3:53:48 - LMT 1894 Oct 31 # Chaco (CC), Formosa (FM), Santiago del Estero (SE) # # Shanks & Pottenger also make the following claims, which we haven't verified: -# – Formosa switched to −3:00 on 1991-01-07. -# – Misiones switched to −3:00 on 1990-12-29. -# – Chaco switched to −3:00 on 1991-01-04. -# – Santiago del Estero switched to −4:00 on 1991-04-01, -# then to −3:00 on 1991-04-26. +# - Formosa switched to -3:00 on 1991-01-07. +# - Misiones switched to -3:00 on 1990-12-29. +# - Chaco switched to -3:00 on 1991-01-04. +# - Santiago del Estero switched to -4:00 on 1991-04-01, +# then to -3:00 on 1991-04-26. # Zone America/Argentina/Cordoba -4:16:48 - LMT 1894 Oct 31 -4:16:48 - CMT 1920 May @@ -634,9 +634,9 @@ Zone America/La_Paz -4:32:36 - LMT 1890 # The earliest issue of the SSIM I have is 2/91. Each issue from then until # 9/95 says that DST is observed only in the ten states I quoted from 9/95, # along with Mato Grosso (MT) and Mato Grosso do Sul (MS), which are in BR2 -# (UTC−4).... The other two time zones given for Brazil are BR3, which is -# UTC−5, no DST, and applies only in the state of Acre (AC); and BR4, which is -# UTC−2, and applies to Fernando de Noronha (formerly FN, but I believe it's +# (UTC-4).... The other two time zones given for Brazil are BR3, which is +# UTC-5, no DST, and applies only in the state of Acre (AC); and BR4, which is +# UTC-2, and applies to Fernando de Noronha (formerly FN, but I believe it's # become part of the state of Pernambuco). The boundary between BR1 and BR2 # has never been clearly stated. They've simply been called East and West. # However, some conclusions can be drawn from another IATA manual: the Airline @@ -704,21 +704,21 @@ Zone America/La_Paz -4:32:36 - LMT 1890 # https://www.in.gov.br/imprensa/visualiza/index.jsp?jornal=do&secao=1&pagina=... # # As a result of the above Decree I believe the America/Rio_Branco -# timezone shall be modified from UTC−5 to UTC−4 and a new timezone shall +# timezone shall be modified from UTC-5 to UTC-4 and a new timezone shall # be created to represent the...west side of the Pará State. I # suggest this new timezone be called Santarem as the most # important/populated city in the affected area. # # This new timezone would be the same as the Rio_Branco timezone up to -# the 2008/06/24 change which would be to UTC−3 instead of UTC−4. +# the 2008/06/24 change which would be to UTC-3 instead of UTC-4. # From Alex Krivenyshev (2008-06-24): # This is a quick reference page for New and Old Brazil Time Zones map. # http://www.worldtimezone.com/brazil-time-new-old.php # -# – 4 time zones replaced by 3 time zones – eliminating time zone UTC−05 -# (state Acre and the part of the Amazonas will be UTC/GMT−04) – western -# part of Par state is moving to one timezone UTC−03 (from UTC−04). +# - 4 time zones replaced by 3 time zones - eliminating time zone UTC-05 +# (state Acre and the part of the Amazonas will be UTC/GMT-04) - western +# part of Par state is moving to one timezone UTC-03 (from UTC-04). # From Paul Eggert (2002-10-10): # The official decrees referenced below are mostly taken from @@ -1112,8 +1112,8 @@ Zone America/Rio_Branco -4:31:12 - LMT 1914 # From Jesper Norgaard Welen (2006-10-08): # I think that there are some obvious mistakes in the suggested link -# from Oscar van Vlijmen,... for instance entry 66 says that GMT−4 -# ended 1990-09-12 while entry 67 only begins GMT−3 at 1990-09-15 +# from Oscar van Vlijmen,... for instance entry 66 says that GMT-4 +# ended 1990-09-12 while entry 67 only begins GMT-3 at 1990-09-15 # (they should have been 1990-09-15 and 1990-09-16 respectively), but # anyhow it clears up some doubts too. @@ -1287,8 +1287,8 @@ Zone America/Bogota -4:56:16 - LMT 1884 Mar 13 # # From Paul Eggert (2006-03-22): # Shanks & Pottenger say that The Bottom and Philipsburg have been at -# −4:00 since standard time was introduced on 1912-03-02; and that -# Kralendijk and Rincon used Kralendijk Mean Time (−4:33:08) from +# -4:00 since standard time was introduced on 1912-03-02; and that +# Kralendijk and Rincon used Kralendijk Mean Time (-4:33:08) from # 1912-02-02 to 1965-01-01. The former is dubious, since S&P also say # Saba Island has been like Curaçao. # This all predates our 1970 cutoff, though. @@ -1314,7 +1314,7 @@ Link America/Curacao America/Kralendijk # Caribbean Netherlands # Ecuador # -# Milne says the Sentral and South American Telegraph Company used −5:24:15. +# Milne says the Sentral and South American Telegraph Company used -5:24:15. # # From Paul Eggert (2007-03-04): # Apparently Ecuador had a failed experiment with DST in 1992. @@ -1353,7 +1353,7 @@ Zone Pacific/Galapagos -5:58:24 - LMT 1931 # Puerto Baquerizo Moreno # "The general rule was that Stanley used daylight saving and the Camp # did not. However for various reasons many people in the Camp have # started to use daylight saving (known locally as 'Stanley Time') -# There is no rule as to who uses daylight saving – it is a matter of +# There is no rule as to who uses daylight saving - it is a matter of # personal choice and so it is impossible to draw a map showing who # uses it and who does not. Any list would be out of date as soon as # it was produced. This year daylight saving ended on April 18/19th @@ -1389,13 +1389,13 @@ Zone Pacific/Galapagos -5:58:24 - LMT 1931 # Puerto Baquerizo Moreno # http://www.falklandnews.com/public/story.cfm?get=5914&source=3 # # We have gotten this confirmed by a clerk of the legislative assembly: -# Normally the clocks revert to Local Mean Time (UTC/GMT −4 hours) on the -# third Sunday of April at 0200hrs and advance to Summer Time (UTC/GMT −3 +# Normally the clocks revert to Local Mean Time (UTC/GMT -4 hours) on the +# third Sunday of April at 0200hrs and advance to Summer Time (UTC/GMT -3 # hours) on the first Sunday of September at 0200hrs. # # IMPORTANT NOTE: During 2011, on a trial basis, the Falkland Islands # will not revert to local mean time, but clocks will remain on Summer -# time (UTC/GMT − 3 hours) throughout the whole of 2011. Any long term +# time (UTC/GMT - 3 hours) throughout the whole of 2011. Any long term # change to local time following the trial period will be notified. # # From Andrew Newman (2012-02-24) @@ -1445,14 +1445,14 @@ Zone America/Guyana -3:52:40 - LMT 1915 Mar # Georgetown -3:45 - GBGT 1966 May 26 # Br Guiana Time -3:45 - GYT 1975 Jul 31 # Guyana Time -3:00 - GYT 1991 -# IATA SSIM (1996-06) says −4:00. Assume a 1991 switch. +# IATA SSIM (1996-06) says -4:00. Assume a 1991 switch. -4:00 - GYT # Paraguay # # From Paul Eggert (2006-03-22): -# Shanks & Pottenger say that spring transitions are 01:00 → 02:00, -# and autumn transitions are 00:00 → 23:00. Go with pre-1999 +# Shanks & Pottenger say that spring transitions are 01:00 -> 02:00, +# and autumn transitions are 00:00 -> 23:00. Go with pre-1999 # editions of Shanks, and with the IATA, who say transitions occur at 00:00. # # From Waldemar Villamayor-Venialbo (2013-09-20): @@ -1546,7 +1546,7 @@ Zone America/Asuncion -3:50:40 - LMT 1890 # # From Evelyn C. Leeper via Mark Brader (2003-10-26) # <news:xrGmb.39935$gA1.13896113@news4.srv.hcvlny.cv.net>: -# When we were in Peru in 1985–1986, they apparently switched over +# When we were in Peru in 1985-1986, they apparently switched over # sometime between December 29 and January 3 while we were on the Amazon. # # From Paul Eggert (2006-03-22): @@ -1621,7 +1621,7 @@ Rule Uruguay 1936 only - Nov 1 0:00 0:30 HS Rule Uruguay 1937 1941 - Mar lastSun 0:00 0 - # Whitman gives 1937 Oct 3; go with Shanks & Pottenger. Rule Uruguay 1937 1940 - Oct lastSun 0:00 0:30 HS -# Whitman gives 1941 Oct 24 – 1942 Mar 27, 1942 Dec 14 – 1943 Apr 13, +# Whitman gives 1941 Oct 24 - 1942 Mar 27, 1942 Dec 14 - 1943 Apr 13, # and 1943 Apr 13 "to present time"; go with Shanks & Pottenger. Rule Uruguay 1941 only - Aug 1 0:00 0:30 HS Rule Uruguay 1942 only - Jan 1 0:00 0 - @@ -1668,7 +1668,7 @@ Rule Uruguay 2005 only - Mar 27 2:00 0 - # From Eduardo Cota (2005-09-27): # http://www.presidencia.gub.uy/_Web/decretos/2005/09/CM%20119_09%2009%202005_... # This means that from 2005-10-09 at 02:00 local time, until 2006-03-12 at -# 02:00 local time, official time in Uruguay will be at GMT −2. +# 02:00 local time, official time in Uruguay will be at GMT -2. Rule Uruguay 2005 only - Oct 9 2:00 1:00 S Rule Uruguay 2006 only - Mar 12 2:00 0 - # From Jesper Norgaard Welen (2006-09-06): diff --git a/tz-art.htm b/tz-art.htm index 6c51bdc..42cfcdb 100644 --- a/tz-art.htm +++ b/tz-art.htm @@ -317,7 +317,7 @@ O'Clock, Eastern Wartime</a></td></tr> Mystery, history, daylight saving time, and old-time radio. </td></tr> <tr><td> </td></tr> -<tr><td>Film</td><td>Bell Science – About Time</td></tr> +<tr><td>Film</td><td>Bell Science – About Time</td></tr> <tr><td>Notes</td><td>The Frank Baxter/Richard Deacon extravaganza. Information is available at <a href="http://www.videoflicks.com/titles/1035/1035893.htm">http://www.videoflicks.com/titles/1035/1035893.htm</a></td></tr> @@ -438,7 +438,7 @@ as noted by Will Fitzgerald) </li> <li> Brady: "...[Bishop Usher] determined that the Lord began the Creation -on the 23rd of October in the Year 4004 B.C. at – uh, at 9 A.M.!" +on the 23rd of October in the Year 4004 B.C. at – uh, at 9 A.M.!" <br> Drummond: "That Eastern Standard Time? (Laughter) Or Rocky Mountain Time? (More laughter) It wasn't daylight-saving time, was it? Because @@ -457,8 +457,8 @@ May, 1999 episode of the syndicated television series "Baywatch") <li> "A fundamental belief held by Americans is that if you are on land, you cannot be killed by a fish...So most Americans remain on land, believing -they're safe. Unfortunately, this belief—like so many myths, such as that -there's a reason for 'Daylight Saving Time'—is false." +they're safe. Unfortunately, this belief – like so many myths, such as that +there's a reason for 'Daylight Saving Time' – is false." (Dave Barry column, 2000-07-02) </li> <li> diff --git a/tz-link.htm b/tz-link.htm index 5d06976..66edb60 100644 --- a/tz-link.htm +++ b/tz-link.htm @@ -8,7 +8,7 @@ <meta http-equiv="Content-type" content='text/html; charset="UTF-8"'> <meta name="DC.Creator" content="Eggert, Paul"> <meta name="DC.Contributor" content="Olson, Arthur David"> -<meta name="DC.Date" content="2014-06-14"> +<meta name="DC.Date" content="2014-06-19"> <meta name="DC.Description" content="Sources of information about time zones and daylight saving time"> <meta name="DC.Identifier" @@ -175,7 +175,7 @@ Converter</a> uses a pulldown menu.</li> <li><a href="http://home.kpn.nl/vanadovv/time/TZworld.html">Complete timezone information for all countries</a> displays tables of DST rules. -<li><a href="http://timeanddate.com/worldclock/">The World Clock – +<li><a href="http://timeanddate.com/worldclock/">The World Clock – Time Zones</a> lets you sort zone names and convert times.</li> <li><a href="http://permatime.com/">Permatime</a> generates and views links that refer to a particular point in time and can be displayed in @@ -245,7 +245,7 @@ available under the <a href="http://www.gnu.org/copyleft/gpl.html"><abbr>GNU</abbr> General Public License (<abbr title="General Public License">GPL</abbr>)</a>.</li> -<li><a href="http://sourceforge.net/projects/tzical">tziCal – tz +<li><a href="http://sourceforge.net/projects/tzical">tziCal – tz database conversion utility</a> is like Vzic, except for the <a href="http://msdn.microsoft.com/netframework">.NET framework</a>.</li> <li><a @@ -268,13 +268,13 @@ and from <abbr title="Common Locale Data Repository">CLDR</abbr> data into an <abbr>ICU</abbr>-specific format. <abbr>ICU</abbr> is freely available under a <abbr>BSD</abbr>-style license.</li> -<li><a href="http://www.joda.org/joda-time/">Joda Time – Java date +<li><a href="http://www.joda.org/joda-time/">Joda Time – Java date and time <abbr title="Application Program Interface">API</abbr></a> contains a class <code>org.joda.time.tz.ZoneInfoCompiler</code> that compiles <code><abbr>tz</abbr></code> source into a Joda-specific binary format. Joda Time is freely available under a <abbr>BSD</abbr>-style license.</li> -<li><a href="http://nodatime.org/">Noda Time – Date and time API for +<li><a href="http://nodatime.org/">Noda Time – Date and time API for .NET</a> and <a href="http://www.babiej.demon.nl/Tz4Net/main.htm">TZ4Net</a> are similar to Joda Time, but for the .NET framework instead of Java. They are freely available under the @@ -285,11 +285,11 @@ is a <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/JavaScript">JavaScript</a> library that parses <code><abbr>tz</abbr></code> source files and interprets time stamps using an API that is upward compatible with standard JavaScript Dates. It is freely available under the Apache License.</li> -<li><a href="http://pytz.sourceforge.net">pytz – World Timezone +<li><a href="http://pytz.sourceforge.net">pytz – World Timezone Definitions for Python</a> compiles <code><abbr>tz</abbr></code> source into <a href="http://python.org/">Python</a>. It is freely available under a <abbr>BSD</abbr>-style license.</li> -<li><a href="http://tzinfo.github.io/">TZInfo – +<li><a href="http://tzinfo.github.io/">TZInfo – Ruby Timezone Library</a> compiles <code><abbr>tz</abbr></code> source into <a href="http://www.ruby-lang.org/en/">Ruby</a>. @@ -409,7 +409,7 @@ gives current time zone rules for airports served by commercial aviation.</li> an undocumented format, with <abbr>ID</abbr>s that can be mapped to <code><abbr>TZ</abbr></code> values using the <a href="http://unicode.org/cldr/charts/supplemental/zone_tzid.html">Zone -→ Tzid table</a> in the <abbr>CLDR</abbr> data mentioned +→ Tzid table</a> in the <abbr>CLDR</abbr> data mentioned below, or via <a href="http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/windows/apps">Windows Store apps</a> classes such as <a href="http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/windows/apps/dn264145.aspx">DateTimeFormatter</a>.</li> @@ -422,7 +422,7 @@ title="Central Intelligence Agency">CIA</abbr>)</a> publishes a <a href="https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/graphics/ref_maps/physical/pdf/standard_time_zones_of_the_world.pdf">time zone map</a>; the <a -href="http://www.lib.utexas.edu/maps/world.html">Perry–Castañeda +href="http://www.lib.utexas.edu/maps/world.html">Perry–Castañeda Library Map Collection</a> of the University of Texas at Austin has copies of recent editions. @@ -470,10 +470,10 @@ Time Zones and Time Zone Data</a>.</li> <li>A ship within the <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Territorial_waters">territorial waters</a> of any nation uses that nation's time. In international -waters, time zone boundaries are meridians 15° apart, except that -<abbr>UTC</abbr>−12 and <abbr>UTC</abbr>+12 are each 7.5° +waters, time zone boundaries are meridians 15° apart, except that +<abbr>UTC</abbr>−12 and <abbr>UTC</abbr>+12 are each 7.5° wide and are separated by -the 180° meridian (not by the International Date Line, which is +the 180° meridian (not by the International Date Line, which is for land and territorial waters only). A captain can change ship's clocks any time after entering a new time zone; midnight changes are common.</li> @@ -484,7 +484,7 @@ common.</li> Walk through Time</a> surveys the evolution of timekeeping.</li> <li><a href="http://webexhibits.org/daylightsaving/">About Daylight -Saving Time – History, rationale, laws & dates</a> +Saving Time – History, rationale, laws & dates</a> is an overall history of <abbr>DST</abbr>.</li> <li><a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/timezone/">Working with Time Zones</a> contains guidelines and best practices for software applications that @@ -618,7 +618,7 @@ code for converting among time scales like <abbr>TDB</abbr>, <abbr>TDT</abbr> and <abbr>UTC</abbr>.</li> <li><a href="http://www2.jpl.nasa.gov/basics/bsf2-3.php">Basics of -Space Flight – Reference Systems – Time Conventions</a> +Space Flight – Reference Systems – Time Conventions</a> briefly explains interplanetary space flight timekeeping.</li> <li><a href="http://www.giss.nasa.gov/tools/mars24/help/notes.html">Technical @@ -669,15 +669,15 @@ summary of <a href="http://www.iso.org/iso/catalogue_detail?csnumber=40874"><abbr title="International Organization for Standardization">ISO</abbr> -8601:2004 – Data elements and interchange formats – Information -interchange – Representation of dates and times</a>.</li> +8601:2004 – Data elements and interchange formats – Information +interchange – Representation of dates and times</a>.</li> <li> <a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/xmlschema-2/#dateTime"><abbr>XML</abbr> -Schema: Datatypes – dateTime</a> specifies a format inspired by +Schema: Datatypes – dateTime</a> specifies a format inspired by <abbr>ISO</abbr> 8601 that is in common use in <abbr>XML</abbr> data.</li> <li> <a href="http://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc5322">Internet -Message Format</a> (Internet <abbr>RFC</abbr> 5322) §3.3 +Message Format</a> (Internet <abbr>RFC</abbr> 5322) §3.3 specifies the time notation used in email and <a href="http://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc2616"><abbr>HTTP</abbr></a> headers.</li> @@ -727,7 +727,7 @@ is called "<abbr>GMT</abbr>".</li> <h2>Related indexes</h2> <ul> <li><a href="tz-art.htm">Time and the Arts</a></li> -<li><a href="http://www.dmoz.org/Reference/Time/">Open Directory – +<li><a href="http://www.dmoz.org/Reference/Time/">Open Directory – Reference: Time</a></li> <li><a href="http://dir.yahoo.com/Science/Measurements_and_Units/Time">Yahoo! Directory > Science > Measurements and Units > Time</a></li> -- 1.9.1