proposed tz changes for US, China, ex-Soviet Union, Sudan, etc.

Dec. 20, 1995

      Here are some proposed tz patches that I have been saving up.
The diciest proposed change, to my mind, is the new directory America/Indiana.
The alternative is a (probably growing) set of names like America/Marengo_IN.

Here's a summary of the changes:

* Add a new rule of thumb: don't bother with regions that exactly match
  an existing entry in all times since 1970.
* USNO says Libya is 2:00 all year.  Guess that it switched in 1991.
* Sudan stopped observing DST after 1985.  (I transcribed Shanks incorrectly.)
* Change ex-Soviet-Union abbreviations to match cities better, e.g. use
  YSK for Yerevan.
* Revise and/or invent data for ex-Soviet cities to match all known info.
* Mention Myanmar as another name for Burma.
* Shanks has no entries for China after 1991, so remove guesses.
* Remove incorrect info for Asia/Tehran; Iran hasn't observed DST since 1980.
* Use `2:00s' consistently for Australia and NZ instead of `2:00'/`3:00',
  since the relevant legislation (at least in NZ) specifies standard time.
* Remove bogus Australia/Canberra entry.  (I transcribed Shanks incorrectly.)
* Add DST rules for Lord Howe (with guesses after 1991).
* Fix several typos in NZ DST rules for the period 1927-1945.
* Chatham obeys DST; change its abbreviation.
* Shanks says Vanuatu changed DST rules in 1991; I missed this earlier.
* Remove bogus DST rules for France in 1975.
* Belgium switched to EC rules in 1977, not 1979.
* US DST abbreviations in World War I are of the form xWT, not xDT.
* Shanks says the 1933 Honolulu DST experiment lasted 3 weeks, not 1 day.
* Rename America/Fort_Wayne to America/Indianapolis, since it's more populous
  and better known.  Similarly, rename America/Atka to America/Adak.
* Create a new directory just for Indiana, since its entries are becoming
  so obscure.  Rename America/Knox_IN to America/Indiana/Knox.
* America/Indianapolis is now the only Indiana entry well-known enough to
  keep in the top level.
* Change the abbreviation for Newfoundland double-daylight time from
  `NDT' to `NDDT'.
* Change the abbreviation for wartime DST in Puerto Rico from ADT to AWT.
  Also fix the longitude of San Juan.
* Add the following cities, since these cities' time zone histories since 1970
  do not match any current entries:

	America/Boise
	America/Indiana/Marengo
	America/Indiana/Vevay
	America/Juneau
	America/Louisville
	America/Menominee
	America/Nome
	America/Yakutat
	Asia/Chungking
	Asia/Harbin
	Asia/Kashgar
	Asia/Urumqi

* Add full historical information for the following entries:

	America/Adak
	America/Anchorage
	America/Chicago
	America/Denver
	America/Detroit
	America/Indiana/Knox
	America/Indianapolis
	America/Los_Angeles
	America/New_York
	America/Phoenix
	Pacific/Honolulu

* Add Pacific/Johnston, for a country whose zone we didn't know before.
* Remove America/Shiprock, since it hasn't differed from America/Denver
  since 1970.
* Add backwards compatibility entries for the above name changes.

===================================================================
RCS file: RCS/africa,v
retrieving revision 1995.12
retrieving revision 1995.12.1.1
diff -c -r1995.12 -r1995.12.1.1
*** africa	1995/12/19 23:10:12	1995.12
--- africa	1995/12/20 02:21:36	1995.12.1.1
***************
*** 33,38 ****
--- 33,42 ----
  #		E.g. prefer `Brunei' to `Bandar_Seri_Begawan'.
  #	Include at least one location per time zone rule set per country.
  #		One such location is enough.
+ #	If all the clocks in a country's region have agreed since 1970,
+ #		don't bother to include more than one location
+ #		even if subregions' clocks disagreed before 1970.
+ #		Otherwise these tables would become annoyingly large.
  #	If a name is ambiguous, use a less ambiguous alternative;
  #		e.g. many cities are named San Jose and Georgetown, so
  #		prefer `Costa_Rica' to `San_Jose' and `Guyana' to `Georgetown'.
***************
*** 359,374 ****
  Rule	Libya	1987	1989	-	Apr	 1	0:00	1:00	" DST"
  Rule	Libya	1987	1990	-	Oct	 1	0:00	0	-
  Rule	Libya	1990	only	-	May	 4	0:00	1:00	" DST"
- # From Paul Eggert <eggert@twinsun.com> (November 18, 1993):
- # Here's a guess for years starting with 1991.
- Rule	Libya	1991	max	-	Apr	 1	0:00	1:00	" DST"
- Rule	Libya	1991	max	-	Oct	 1	0:00	0	-
- 
  # Zone	NAME		GMTOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]
  Zone	Africa/Tripoli	0:52:44 -	LMT	1920
  			1:00	Libya	MET%s	1959
  			2:00	-	EET	1982
! 			1:00	Libya	MET%s

  # Madagascar
  # Zone	NAME		GMTOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]
--- 363,377 ----
  Rule	Libya	1987	1989	-	Apr	 1	0:00	1:00	" DST"
  Rule	Libya	1987	1990	-	Oct	 1	0:00	0	-
  Rule	Libya	1990	only	-	May	 4	0:00	1:00	" DST"
  # Zone	NAME		GMTOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]
  Zone	Africa/Tripoli	0:52:44 -	LMT	1920
  			1:00	Libya	MET%s	1959
  			2:00	-	EET	1982
! # From Paul Eggert <eggert@twinsun.com> (1995-12-19):
! # usno1995 (from OAG) says Libya uses 2:00 all year, as they did before 1982.
! # We don't know when they switched back.  We'll guess 1991.
! 			1:00	Libya	MET%s	1991
! 			2:00	-	EET

  # Madagascar
  # Zone	NAME		GMTOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]
***************
*** 435,441 ****
  			 1:00	-	MET	1986
  			 0:00	-	WET
  # The following are controlled by Spain, and are like Europe/Madrid:
! # Alboran, Alhucemas Is, Ceuta, Chafarinas Is, Mellila.

  # Mozambique
  # Zone	NAME		GMTOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]
--- 438,444 ----
  			 1:00	-	MET	1986
  			 0:00	-	WET
  # The following are controlled by Spain, and are like Europe/Madrid:
! # Alboran, Alhucemas Is, Ceuta, Chafarinas Is, Melilla.

  # Mozambique
  # Zone	NAME		GMTOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]
***************
*** 477,486 ****
  Zone Atlantic/St_Helena	-0:22:48 -	LMT	1890		# Jamestown
  			-0:06	-	?MT	1951	# a typo in Shanks?
  			 0:00	-	GMT
! # Whitman says Tristan da Cunha is on GMT, like Atlantic/St_Helena.
! #
! # Ascension, Gough, Inaccessible, Nightingale
! # no information; probably like Atlantic/St_Helena

  # Sao Tome and Principe
  # Zone	NAME		GMTOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]
--- 480,489 ----
  Zone Atlantic/St_Helena	-0:22:48 -	LMT	1890		# Jamestown
  			-0:06	-	?MT	1951	# a typo in Shanks?
  			 0:00	-	GMT
! # The other parts of the St Helena territory are similar:
! #	Tristan da Cunha: on GMT, says Whitman
! #	Ascension: on GMT, says usno1995
! #	Gough, Inaccessible, Nightingale: no information, but probably GMT

  # Sao Tome and Principe
  # Zone	NAME		GMTOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]
***************
*** 540,553 ****
  # Sudan no longer observes any form of daylight time change.
  # I verified this today by telephone with the Sudan Mission to the  
  # United Nations: 212-573-6033
- # From Arthur David Olson <arthur_david_olson@nih.gov> (December 19, 1995):
- # I will (dangerously) assume the change went into effect in 1995.
  # Rule	NAME	FROM	TO	TYPE	IN	ON	AT	SAVE	LETTER/S
  Rule	Sudan	1931	only	-	Feb	 8	0:00	0	-
  Rule	Sudan	1970	only	-	May	 1	0:00	1:00	" DST"
! Rule	Sudan	1970	1994	-	Oct	15	0:00	0	-
  Rule	Sudan	1971	only	-	Apr	30	0:00	1:00	" DST"
! Rule	Sudan	1972	1994	-	Apr	lastSun	0:00	1:00	" DST"
  # Zone	NAME		GMTOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]
  Zone	Africa/Khartoum	2:10:08 -	LMT	1931
  			2:00	Sudan	EET%s
--- 543,554 ----
  # Sudan no longer observes any form of daylight time change.
  # I verified this today by telephone with the Sudan Mission to the  
  # United Nations: 212-573-6033
  # Rule	NAME	FROM	TO	TYPE	IN	ON	AT	SAVE	LETTER/S
  Rule	Sudan	1931	only	-	Feb	 8	0:00	0	-
  Rule	Sudan	1970	only	-	May	 1	0:00	1:00	" DST"
! Rule	Sudan	1970	1985	-	Oct	15	0:00	0	-
  Rule	Sudan	1971	only	-	Apr	30	0:00	1:00	" DST"
! Rule	Sudan	1972	1985	-	Apr	lastSun	0:00	1:00	" DST"
  # Zone	NAME		GMTOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]
  Zone	Africa/Khartoum	2:10:08 -	LMT	1931
  			2:00	Sudan	EET%s
===================================================================
RCS file: RCS/asia,v
retrieving revision 1995.10
retrieving revision 1995.10.1.1
diff -c -r1995.10 -r1995.10.1.1
*** asia	1995/10/28 16:08:54	1995.10
--- asia	1995/12/20 01:55:08	1995.10.1.1
***************
*** 4,10 ****
  # go ahead and edit the file (and please send any changes to
  # tz@elsie.nci.nih.gov for general use in the future).

! # From Paul Eggert <eggert@twinsun.com> (August 18, 1994):
  #
  # A good source for time zone historical data outside the U.S. is
  # Thomas G. Shanks, The International Atlas (3rd edition),
--- 4,10 ----
  # go ahead and edit the file (and please send any changes to
  # tz@elsie.nci.nih.gov for general use in the future).

! # From Paul Eggert <eggert@twinsun.com> (1995-12-19):
  #
  # A good source for time zone historical data outside the U.S. is
  # Thomas G. Shanks, The International Atlas (3rd edition),
***************
*** 28,44 ****
  #	2:00	EET  EET DST	Eastern European Time
  #	2:00	IST IDT	Israel
  #	3:00	AST ADT	Arabia*
! #	3:00	MSK MSD	Moscow
  #	3:30	IST IDT	Iran
! #	4:00	BSK BSD	Baku*
  #	4:00	GST GDT	Gulf*
  #	4:30	AFT	Afghanistan*
! #	5:00	ASK ASD	Ashkhabad*
  #	5:00	PKT	Pakistan*
  #	5:30	IST IST	India
  #	5:45	NPT	Nepal*
  #	6:00	BGT	Bengal, Bangladesh*
! #	6:00	TSK TSD	Tashkent*
  #	6:30	BMT	Burma*
  #	7:00	ICT	Indochina*
  #	7:00	JVT	Java*
--- 28,48 ----
  #	2:00	EET  EET DST	Eastern European Time
  #	2:00	IST IDT	Israel
  #	3:00	AST ADT	Arabia*
! #	3:00	BSK BSD	Baku (was 4:00)*
  #	3:30	IST IDT	Iran
! #	4:00	TBSK TBSD Tbilisi (was 3:00)*
! #	4:00	YSK YSD Yerevan (was 3:00)*
  #	4:00	GST GDT	Gulf*
  #	4:30	AFT	Afghanistan*
! #	5:00	ASK ASD	Ashkhabad (was 4:00)*
! #	5:00	BSK BSD Bishkek (was 6:00) (was FSK, FSD)*
  #	5:00	PKT	Pakistan*
+ #	5:00	TSK TSD	Tashkent (was 6:00)*
  #	5:30	IST IST	India
  #	5:45	NPT	Nepal*
+ #	6:00	AASK AASD Alma-Ata (was 5:00)*
  #	6:00	BGT	Bengal, Bangladesh*
! #	6:00	DSK DSD	Dushanbe (was 5:00)*
  #	6:30	BMT	Burma*
  #	7:00	ICT	Indochina*
  #	7:00	JVT	Java*
***************
*** 65,78 ****

  ###############################################################################

- # From Paul Eggert <eggert@twinsun.com> (May 28, 1994):
- # We don't know what happened to the clocks in the Caucausus and the ex-Soviet
- # Central Asia after 1990.  Until we get more info, stick with the pre-1991 rules.
  # Rule	NAME	FROM	TO	TYPE	IN	ON	AT	SAVE	LETTER/S
  Rule	Russia	1981	1984	-	Apr	1	0:00	1:00	D
  Rule	Russia	1981	1983	-	Oct	1	0:00	0	K
! Rule	Russia	1984	max	-	Sep	lastSun	3:00	0	K
! Rule	Russia	1985	max	-	Mar	lastSun	2:00	1:00	D

  # Afghanistan
  # Zone	NAME		GMTOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]
--- 69,79 ----

  ###############################################################################

  # Rule	NAME	FROM	TO	TYPE	IN	ON	AT	SAVE	LETTER/S
  Rule	Russia	1981	1984	-	Apr	1	0:00	1:00	D
  Rule	Russia	1981	1983	-	Oct	1	0:00	0	K
! Rule	Russia	1984	max	-	Sep	lastSun	2:00s	0	K
! Rule	Russia	1985	max	-	Mar	lastSun	2:00s	1:00	D

  # Afghanistan
  # Zone	NAME		GMTOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]
***************
*** 83,96 ****
  # Armenia
  # Zone	NAME		GMTOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]
  Zone	Asia/Yerevan	2:58:00 -	LMT	1924 May  2
! 			3:00	-	MSK	1957 Mar
! 			4:00	Russia	BS%s

  # Azerbaijan
  # Zone	NAME		GMTOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]
  Zone	Asia/Baku	3:19:24 -	LMT	1924 May  2
! 			3:00	-	MSK	1957 Mar
! 			4:00	Russia	BS%s

  # Bahrain
  # Zone	NAME		GMTOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]
--- 84,103 ----
  # Armenia
  # Zone	NAME		GMTOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]
  Zone	Asia/Yerevan	2:58:00 -	LMT	1924 May  2
! 			3:00	-	YSK	1957 Mar
! 			4:00	Russia	YS%s
! # Shanks has Yerevan switching to 3:00 (with Russian DST) in spring 1991,
! # but usno1995 has Armenia at 4:00 (with DST).  Ignore the 1991 switch for now.

  # Azerbaijan
  # Zone	NAME		GMTOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]
  Zone	Asia/Baku	3:19:24 -	LMT	1924 May  2
! 			3:00	-	BSK	1957 Mar
! 			4:00	Russia	BS%s	1991 Mar 31 2:00s
! 			3:00	1:00	BSD	1991 Sep 29 2:00s
! 			3:00	-	BSK
! # Shanks has Baku using Russian DST rules after 1991,
! # but usno1995 has Azerbaijan with no DST.  Go with usno1995.

  # Bahrain
  # Zone	NAME		GMTOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]
***************
*** 124,130 ****
  			7:30	-	BNT	1933
  			8:00	-	BNT

! # Burma
  # Zone	NAME		GMTOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]
  Zone	Asia/Rangoon	6:24:40 -	LMT	1880
  			6:25	-	RMT	1920
--- 131,137 ----
  			7:30	-	BNT	1933
  			8:00	-	BNT

! # Burma / Myanmar
  # Zone	NAME		GMTOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]
  Zone	Asia/Rangoon	6:24:40 -	LMT	1880
  			6:25	-	RMT	1920
***************
*** 159,177 ****
  #     1986 May 4 - Sept 14
  #     1987 mid-April - ??

- # From Paul Eggert <eggert@twinsun.com> (November 18, 1993):
- # According to Shanks, China started using DST in 1986,
- # but it's still all one big happy time zone.
- 
  # From U. S. Naval Observatory (January 19, 1989):
  # CHINA               8 H  AHEAD OF UTC  ALL OF CHINA, INCL TAIWAN
  # CHINA               9 H  AHEAD OF UTC  APR 17 - SEP 10

! # From Paul Eggert <eggert@twinsun.com> (November 18, 1993):
  # Shanks writes that China switched from the Chinese calendar on 1912 Feb 12.
  # He also writes that China has had a single time zone since 1980 May 1,
! # and that they instituted DST on 1986 May 4; this contradicts Devine's
  # note about Time magazine, though apparently _something_ happened in 1986.

  # From Shanks (1991):
  # Rule	NAME	FROM	TO	TYPE	IN	ON	AT	SAVE	LETTER/S
--- 166,181 ----
  #     1986 May 4 - Sept 14
  #     1987 mid-April - ??

  # From U. S. Naval Observatory (January 19, 1989):
  # CHINA               8 H  AHEAD OF UTC  ALL OF CHINA, INCL TAIWAN
  # CHINA               9 H  AHEAD OF UTC  APR 17 - SEP 10

! # From Paul Eggert <eggert@twinsun.com> (1995-12-19):
  # Shanks writes that China switched from the Chinese calendar on 1912 Feb 12.
  # He also writes that China has had a single time zone since 1980 May 1,
! # observing summer DST from 1986 through 1991; this contradicts Devine's
  # note about Time magazine, though apparently _something_ happened in 1986.
+ # Go with Shanks for now.  I made up names for the other pre-1980 time zones.

  # From Shanks (1991):
  # Rule	NAME	FROM	TO	TYPE	IN	ON	AT	SAVE	LETTER/S
***************
*** 181,192 ****
  Rule	Shang	1941	only	-	Mar	16	0:00	1:00	D
  Rule	PRC	1949	only	-	Jan	 1	0:00	0	S
  Rule	PRC	1986	only	-	May	 4	0:00	1:00	D
! Rule	PRC	1986	max	-	Sep	Sun>=11	0:00	0	S
! Rule	PRC	1987	max	-	Apr	Sun>=10	0:00	1:00	D
  # Zone	NAME		GMTOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]
  Zone	Asia/Shanghai	8:05:52	-	LMT	1928
  			8:00	Shang	C%sT	1949
  			8:00	PRC	C%sT

  ###############################################################################

--- 185,212 ----
  Rule	Shang	1941	only	-	Mar	16	0:00	1:00	D
  Rule	PRC	1949	only	-	Jan	 1	0:00	0	S
  Rule	PRC	1986	only	-	May	 4	0:00	1:00	D
! Rule	PRC	1986	1991	-	Sep	Sun>=11	0:00	0	S
! Rule	PRC	1987	1991	-	Apr	Sun>=10	0:00	1:00	D
  # Zone	NAME		GMTOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]
+ Zone	Asia/Harbin	8:26:44	-	LMT	1928
+ 			8:30	-	MAT	1932 Mar    # Manchuria
+ 			8:00	-	CST	1940
+ 			9:00	-	KST	1966 May
+ 			8:30	-	MAT	1980 May
+ 			8:00	PRC	C%sT
  Zone	Asia/Shanghai	8:05:52	-	LMT	1928
  			8:00	Shang	C%sT	1949
  			8:00	PRC	C%sT
+ Zone	Asia/Chungking	7:06:20	-	LMT	1928
+ 			7:00	-	ICT	1980 May
+ 			8:00	PRC	C%sT
+ Zone	Asia/Urumqi	5:50:20	-	LMT	1928
+ 			6:00	-	URT	1980 May    # Urumqi
+ 			8:00	PRC	C%sT
+ Zone	Asia/Kashgar	5:03:56	-	LMT	1928
+ 			5:30	-	ETT	1940	    # Eastern Turkestan
+ 			5:00	-	ETT	1980 May
+ 			8:00	PRC	C%sT

  ###############################################################################

***************
*** 211,218 ****

  ###############################################################################
  # Hong Kong
- # Presumably Hong Kong will have DST again when it merges with China,
- # but it's too early to predict the details.
  # Rule	NAME	FROM	TO	TYPE	IN	ON	AT	SAVE	LETTER/S
  Rule	HK	1904	only	-	Oct	30	0:00	0	-
  Rule	HK	1946	only	-	Apr	20	3:30	1:00	S
--- 231,236 ----
***************
*** 235,242 ****
  			8:00	HK	HK%sT

  # Macao
- # Presumably Macao will have DST again when it merges with China,
- # but it's too early to predict the details.
  # Rule	NAME	FROM	TO	TYPE	IN	ON	AT	SAVE	LETTER/S
  Rule	Macao	1912	only	-	Jan	1	0:00	0	S
  Rule	Macao	1961	1962	-	Mar	Sun>=16	3:30	1:00	D
--- 253,258 ----
***************
*** 281,292 ****
  # Today's _Economist_ (p 60) reports that Georgia moved its clocks forward
  # an hour recently, due to a law proposed by Zurab Murvanidze,
  # an MP who went on a hunger strike for 11 days to force discussion about it!
! # Alas, we have no details.
  # Zone	NAME		GMTOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]
  Zone	Asia/Tbilisi	2:59:16 -	LMT	1880
  			2:59	-	LST	1924 May  2
! 			3:00	-	MSK	1957 Mar
! 			4:00	Russia	BS%s

  # India
  # Zone	NAME		GMTOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]
--- 297,316 ----
  # Today's _Economist_ (p 60) reports that Georgia moved its clocks forward
  # an hour recently, due to a law proposed by Zurab Murvanidze,
  # an MP who went on a hunger strike for 11 days to force discussion about it!
! # We have no details, but we'll guess they didn't move the clocks back in fall.
! #
! # From Paul Eggert (1995-11-13):
! # usno1995 has Georgia at 4:00.  Guess that Georgia stopped transitions
! # after spring 1994 (thus sticking at 4:00).
! # Most likely we're still missing some rule changes between 1991 and 1994.
  # Zone	NAME		GMTOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]
  Zone	Asia/Tbilisi	2:59:16 -	LMT	1880
  			2:59	-	LST	1924 May  2
! 			3:00	-	TBSK	1957 Mar
! 			4:00	Russia	TBS%s	1991 Mar 31 2:00s
! 			3:00	1:00	TBSD	1991 Sep 29 2:00s
! 			3:00	Russia	TBS%s	1994 Sep 25 2:00s
! 			4:00	-	TBSK

  # India
  # Zone	NAME		GMTOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]
***************
*** 323,348 ****
  			9:00	-	MLT

  # Iran
- 
- # Shanks has no record of DST after 1980.
- 
- # From Bob Devine (January 28, 1988):
- # Iran: Last Sunday in March to third (?) Sunday in
- # September.  Since the revolution, the official calendar is Monarchic
- # calendar; I have no idea what the correspondence between dates are.
- 
- # From U. S. Naval Observatory (January 19, 1989):
- # IRAN                3.5H AHEAD OF UTC
- 
- # From Shanks (1991), with corrections from Devine:
  # Rule	NAME	FROM	TO	TYPE	IN	ON	AT	SAVE	LETTER/S
  Rule	Iran	1977	only	-	Nov	1	0:00	0	S
  Rule	Iran	1978	1980	-	Mar	21	0:00	1:00	D
  Rule	Iran	1978	only	-	Oct	21	0:00	0	S
  Rule	Iran	1979	only	-	Sep	19	0:00	0	S
  Rule	Iran	1980	only	-	Sep	23	0:00	0	S
- Rule	Iran	1988	max	-	Mar	lastSun	2:00	1:00	D
- Rule	Iran	1988	max	-	Sep	Sun>=15	2:00	0	S
  # Zone	NAME		GMTOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]
  Zone	Asia/Tehran	3:25:44	-	LMT	1916
  			3:26	-	TMT	1946
--- 347,358 ----
***************
*** 526,537 ****
  #			9:00	Japan	J%sT
  # and uncomment the two `Rule' lines commented out above.

! # From Paul Eggert <eggert@twinsun.com> (November 18, 1993):
  # Shanks says that the far southern Ryukyu Is (Nansei-Shoto) are 8:00,
! # but we don't have a good location name for them;
! # we don't even know the name of the principal town.
  # Zone	NAME		GMTOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]
! #Zone Asia/South_Ryukyu	8:14:44	-	LMT	1896	# Amitori
  #			8:00	-	CST
  # There is no information for Marcus.
  # Other Japanese possessions are probably like Asia/Tokyo.
--- 536,546 ----
  #			9:00	Japan	J%sT
  # and uncomment the two `Rule' lines commented out above.

! # From Paul Eggert <eggert@twinsun.com> (1995-12-19):
  # Shanks says that the far southern Ryukyu Is (Nansei-Shoto) are 8:00,
! # but we haven't confirmed this.
  # Zone	NAME		GMTOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]
! #Zone	Asia/Ishigaki	8:16:36	-	LMT	1896
  #			8:00	-	CST
  # There is no information for Marcus.
  # Other Japanese possessions are probably like Asia/Tokyo.
***************
*** 567,580 ****
  # From Shanks (1991):
  # Zone	NAME		GMTOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]
  Zone	Asia/Alma-Ata	5:07:48 -	LMT	1924 May  2
! 			5:00	-	TSK	1957 Mar
! 			6:00	Russia	TS%s

  # Kirgizstan
  # Zone	NAME		GMTOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]
  Zone	Asia/Bishkek	4:58:24 -	LMT	1924 May  2
! 			5:00	-	TSK	1957 Mar
! 			6:00	Russia	TS%s

  ###############################################################################

--- 576,593 ----
  # From Shanks (1991):
  # Zone	NAME		GMTOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]
  Zone	Asia/Alma-Ata	5:07:48 -	LMT	1924 May  2
! 			5:00	-	AASK	1957 Mar
! 			6:00	Russia	AAS%s
! # Shanks has Alma-Ata switching to 5:00 in 1991,
! # but usno1995 has Kazakhstan at 6:00.  Ignore the 1991 switch for now.

  # Kirgizstan
  # Zone	NAME		GMTOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]
  Zone	Asia/Bishkek	4:58:24 -	LMT	1924 May  2
! 			5:00	-	FSK	1957 Mar	# Frunze
! 			6:00	Russia	FS%s	1991 Mar 31 2:00s
! 			5:00	1:00	FSD	1991 Sep 29 2:00s
! 			5:00	Russia	BS%s

  ###############################################################################

***************
*** 811,818 ****
  # Tajikistan
  # Zone	NAME		GMTOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]
  Zone	Asia/Dushanbe	4:35:12 -	LMT	1924 May  2
! 			5:00	-	TSK	1957 Mar
! 			6:00	Russia	TS%s

  # Thailand
  # Zone	NAME		GMTOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]
--- 824,834 ----
  # Tajikistan
  # Zone	NAME		GMTOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]
  Zone	Asia/Dushanbe	4:35:12 -	LMT	1924 May  2
! 			5:00	-	DSK	1957 Mar
! 			6:00	Russia	DS%s	1991
! 			6:00	-	DSK
! # Shanks has Dushanbe at 5:00 (6:00 summer) after 1991 Sep 29 3:00,
! # but usno1995 has it at 6:00.  Go with usno1995.

  # Thailand
  # Zone	NAME		GMTOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]
***************
*** 824,830 ****
  # Zone	NAME		GMTOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]
  Zone	Asia/Ashkhabad	3:53:32 -	LMT	1924 May  2
  			4:00	-	ASK	1957 Mar
! 			5:00	Russia	AS%s

  # United Arab Emirates
  # Zone	NAME		GMTOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]
--- 840,849 ----
  # Zone	NAME		GMTOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]
  Zone	Asia/Ashkhabad	3:53:32 -	LMT	1924 May  2
  			4:00	-	ASK	1957 Mar
! 			5:00	Russia	AS%s	1991
! 			5:00	-	ASK
! # Shanks has Ashkhabad at 4:00 (5:00 summer) after 1991 Sep 20 3:00,
! # but usno has it at 5:00.  Go with usno1995.

  # United Arab Emirates
  # Zone	NAME		GMTOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]
***************
*** 835,841 ****
  # Zone	NAME		GMTOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]
  Zone	Asia/Tashkent	4:37:12 -	LMT	1924 May  2
  			5:00	-	TSK	1957 Mar
! 			6:00	Russia	TS%s

  # Vietnam
  # From Paul Eggert <eggert@twinsun.com> (November 18, 1993):
--- 854,864 ----
  # Zone	NAME		GMTOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]
  Zone	Asia/Tashkent	4:37:12 -	LMT	1924 May  2
  			5:00	-	TSK	1957 Mar
! 			6:00	Russia	TS%s	1991 Mar 31 2:00s
! 			5:00	1:00	TSD	1991 Sep 29 2:00s
! 			5:00	-	TSK
! # Shanks has Tashkent using DST after 1991, but usno1995 says they don't.
! # Go with usno1995.

  # Vietnam
  # From Paul Eggert <eggert@twinsun.com> (November 18, 1993):
===================================================================
RCS file: RCS/australasia,v
retrieving revision 1995.10
retrieving revision 1995.10.1.1
diff -c -r1995.10 -r1995.10.1.1
*** australasia	1995/10/28 16:08:58	1995.10
--- australasia	1995/12/20 01:55:08	1995.10.1.1
***************
*** 28,144 ****
  # Western Australia
  Zone Australia/Perth	 7:43:24 -	LMT	1895 Dec
  			 8:00	-	WST	1917 Jan 1 0:01
! 			 8:00	Aus	WST	1974 Oct lastSun 2:00
! 			 8:00	1:00	WST	1975 Mar Sun>=1 3:00
! 			 8:00	-	WST	1983 Oct lastSun 2:00
! 			 8:00	1:00	WST	1984 Mar Sun>=1 3:00
! 			 8:00	-	WST	1991 Nov 17 2:00
! 			 8:00	1:00	WST	1992 Mar Sun>=1 3:00
  			 8:00	-	WST
  # Queensland
  Zone Australia/Brisbane	10:12:08 -	LMT	1895
  			10:00	-	EST	1917 Jan 1 0:01
! 			10:00	Aus	EST	1971 Oct lastSun 2:00
! 			10:00	1:00	EST	1972 Feb lastSun 3:00
! 			10:00	-	EST	1989 Oct lastSun 2:00
! 			10:00	1:00	EST	1990 Mar Sun>=1 3:00
! 			10:00	-	EST	1990 Oct lastSun 2:00
! 			10:00	1:00	EST	1991 Mar Sun>=1 3:00
! 			10:00	-	EST	1991 Oct lastSun 2:00
! 			10:00	1:00	EST	1992 Mar Sun>=1 3:00
  			10:00	-	EST

  # South Australia
  # Rule	NAME	FROM	TO	TYPE	IN	ON	AT	SAVE	LETTER/S
! Rule	AS	1971	1985	-	Oct	lastSun	2:00	1:00	-
! Rule	AS	1986	only	-	Oct	19	2:00	1:00	-
! Rule	AS	1987	max	-	Oct	lastSun	2:00	1:00	-
! Rule	AS	1972	only	-	Feb	27	3:00	0	-
! Rule	AS	1973	1985	-	Mar	Sun>=1	3:00	0	-
! Rule	AS	1986	1989	-	Mar	Sun>=15	3:00	0	-
! Rule	AS	1990	1994	even	Mar	Sun>=18	3:00	0	-
! Rule	AS	1990	1994	odd	Mar	Sun>=1	3:00	0	-
! Rule	AS	1995	max	-	Mar	lastSun	3:00	0	-
  # Zone	NAME		GMTOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]
  Zone Australia/Adelaide	9:14:20 -	LMT	1895 Feb
  			9:00	-	CST	1899 May
  			9:30	-	CST	1917 Jan 1 0:01
! 			9:30	Aus	CST	1971 Oct lastSun 2:00
  			9:30	AS	CST

  # Tasmania
  # Rule	NAME	FROM	TO	TYPE	IN	ON	AT	SAVE	LETTER/S
! Rule	AT	1967	only	-	Oct	1	2:00	1:00	-
! Rule	AT	1968	only	-	Mar	31	3:00	0	-
! Rule	AT	1968	1985	-	Oct	lastSun	2:00	1:00	-
! Rule	AT	1969	1971	-	Mar	Sun>=8	3:00	0	-
! Rule	AT	1972	only	-	Feb	27	3:00	0	-
! Rule	AT	1973	1981	-	Mar	Sun>=1	3:00	0	-
! Rule	AT	1982	1983	-	Mar	lastSun	3:00	0	-
! Rule	AT	1984	1986	-	Mar	Sun>=1	3:00	0	-
! Rule	AT	1986	only	-	Oct	19	2:00	1:00	-
! Rule	AT	1987	1990	-	Mar	Sun>=15	3:00	0	-
! Rule	AT	1987	1990	-	Oct	lastSun	2:00	1:00	-
! Rule	AT	1991	max	-	Oct	Sun>=1	2:00	1:00	-
! Rule	AT	1991	max	-	Mar	lastSun	3:00	0	-
  # Zone	NAME		GMTOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]
  Zone Australia/Hobart	9:49:16	-	LMT	1895 Sep
  			10:00	-	EST	1917 Jan 1 0:01
! 			10:00	Aus	EST	1967 Oct 1 2:00
  			10:00	AT	EST

  # Victoria
  # Rule	NAME	FROM	TO	TYPE	IN	ON	AT	SAVE	LETTER/S
! Rule	AV	1971	1985	-	Oct	lastSun	2:00	1:00	-
! Rule	AV	1972	only	-	Feb	27	3:00	0	-
! Rule	AV	1973	1985	-	Mar	Sun>=1	3:00	0	-
! Rule	AV	1986	1990	-	Mar	Sun>=15	3:00	0	-
! Rule	AV	1986	only	-	Oct	19	2:00	1:00	-
! Rule	AV	1987	max	-	Oct	lastSun	2:00	1:00	-
! Rule	AV	1991	1994	-	Mar	Sun>=1	3:00	0	-
! Rule	AV	1995	max	-	Mar	lastSun	3:00	0	-
  # Zone	NAME		GMTOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]
  Zone Australia/Melbourne 9:39:52 -	LMT	1895 Feb
  			10:00	-	EST	1917 Jan 1 0:01
! 			10:00	Aus	EST	1971 Oct 31 2:00
  			10:00	AV	EST

  # New South Wales
  # Rule	NAME	FROM	TO	TYPE	IN	ON	AT	SAVE	LETTER/S
! Rule	AN	1971	1985	-	Oct	lastSun	2:00	1:00	-
! Rule	AN	1972	only	-	Feb	27	3:00	0	-
! Rule	AN	1973	1985	-	Mar	Sun>=1	3:00	0	-
! Rule	AN	1986	1989	-	Mar	Sun>=15	3:00	0	-
! Rule	AN	1986	only	-	Oct	19	2:00	1:00	-
! Rule	AN	1987	max	-	Oct	lastSun	2:00	1:00	-
! Rule	AN	1990	1995	-	Mar	Sun>=1	3:00	0	-
! Rule	AN	1996	max	-	Mar	lastSun	3:00	0	-
  # Zone	NAME		GMTOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]
  Zone Australia/Sydney	10:04:52 -	LMT	1895 Feb
  			10:00	-	EST	1917 Jan 1 0:01
! 			10:00	Aus	EST	1971 Oct 31 2:00
  			10:00	AN	EST
  Zone Australia/Broken_Hill 9:25:48 -	LMT	1895 Feb
  			10:00	-	EST	1896 Aug 23
  			9:00	-	CST	1899 May
  			9:30	-	CST	1917 Jan 1 0:01
! 			9:30	Aus	CST	1971 Oct 31 2:00
  			9:30	AN	CST

! # Australian Capital Territory
! # Zone	NAME		GMTOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]
! Zone Australia/Canberra	 9:56:32 -	LMT	1895 Feb
! 			10:00	-	EST	1917 Jan  1 0:01
! 			10:00	Aus	EST	1971 Oct 31 2:00
! 			10:00	AN	EST	1981 Oct 25 2:00
! 			10:00	1:00	EST	1982 Apr  4 3:00
! 			10:00	AN	EST

  # Australian miscellany
  # Zone	NAME		GMTOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]
- Zone Australia/Lord_Howe 10:36:20 -	LMT	1895 Feb
- 			10:00	-	EST	1981 Mar
- 			10:30	AN	LHST
  Zone Indian/Christmas	7:02:52 -	LMT	1895 Feb
  			7:00	-	JVT
  #
--- 28,148 ----
  # Western Australia
  Zone Australia/Perth	 7:43:24 -	LMT	1895 Dec
  			 8:00	-	WST	1917 Jan 1 0:01
! 			 8:00	Aus	WST	1974 Oct lastSun 2:00s
! 			 8:00	1:00	WST	1975 Mar Sun>=1 2:00s
! 			 8:00	-	WST	1983 Oct lastSun 2:00s
! 			 8:00	1:00	WST	1984 Mar Sun>=1 2:00s
! 			 8:00	-	WST	1991 Nov 17 2:00s
! 			 8:00	1:00	WST	1992 Mar Sun>=1 2:00s
  			 8:00	-	WST
  # Queensland
  Zone Australia/Brisbane	10:12:08 -	LMT	1895
  			10:00	-	EST	1917 Jan 1 0:01
! 			10:00	Aus	EST	1971 Oct lastSun 2:00s
! 			10:00	1:00	EST	1972 Feb lastSun 2:00s
! 			10:00	-	EST	1989 Oct lastSun 2:00s
! 			10:00	1:00	EST	1990 Mar Sun>=1 2:00s
! 			10:00	-	EST	1990 Oct lastSun 2:00s
! 			10:00	1:00	EST	1991 Mar Sun>=1 2:00s
! 			10:00	-	EST	1991 Oct lastSun 2:00s
! 			10:00	1:00	EST	1992 Mar Sun>=1 2:00s
  			10:00	-	EST

  # South Australia
  # Rule	NAME	FROM	TO	TYPE	IN	ON	AT	SAVE	LETTER/S
! Rule	AS	1971	1985	-	Oct	lastSun	2:00s	1:00	-
! Rule	AS	1986	only	-	Oct	19	2:00s	1:00	-
! Rule	AS	1987	max	-	Oct	lastSun	2:00s	1:00	-
! Rule	AS	1972	only	-	Feb	27	2:00s	0	-
! Rule	AS	1973	1985	-	Mar	Sun>=1	2:00s	0	-
! Rule	AS	1986	1989	-	Mar	Sun>=15	2:00s	0	-
! Rule	AS	1990	1994	even	Mar	Sun>=18	2:00s	0	-
! Rule	AS	1990	1994	odd	Mar	Sun>=1	2:00s	0	-
! Rule	AS	1995	max	-	Mar	lastSun	2:00s	0	-
  # Zone	NAME		GMTOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]
  Zone Australia/Adelaide	9:14:20 -	LMT	1895 Feb
  			9:00	-	CST	1899 May
  			9:30	-	CST	1917 Jan 1 0:01
! 			9:30	Aus	CST	1971 Oct lastSun 2:00s
  			9:30	AS	CST

  # Tasmania
  # Rule	NAME	FROM	TO	TYPE	IN	ON	AT	SAVE	LETTER/S
! Rule	AT	1967	only	-	Oct	1	2:00s	1:00	-
! Rule	AT	1968	only	-	Mar	31	2:00s	0	-
! Rule	AT	1968	1985	-	Oct	lastSun	2:00s	1:00	-
! Rule	AT	1969	1971	-	Mar	Sun>=8	2:00s	0	-
! Rule	AT	1972	only	-	Feb	27	2:00s	0	-
! Rule	AT	1973	1981	-	Mar	Sun>=1	2:00s	0	-
! Rule	AT	1982	1983	-	Mar	lastSun	2:00s	0	-
! Rule	AT	1984	1986	-	Mar	Sun>=1	2:00s	0	-
! Rule	AT	1986	only	-	Oct	19	2:00s	1:00	-
! Rule	AT	1987	1990	-	Mar	Sun>=15	2:00s	0	-
! Rule	AT	1987	1990	-	Oct	lastSun	2:00s	1:00	-
! Rule	AT	1991	max	-	Oct	Sun>=1	2:00s	1:00	-
! Rule	AT	1991	max	-	Mar	lastSun	2:00s	0	-
  # Zone	NAME		GMTOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]
  Zone Australia/Hobart	9:49:16	-	LMT	1895 Sep
  			10:00	-	EST	1917 Jan 1 0:01
! 			10:00	Aus	EST	1967 Oct 1 2:00s
  			10:00	AT	EST

  # Victoria
  # Rule	NAME	FROM	TO	TYPE	IN	ON	AT	SAVE	LETTER/S
! Rule	AV	1971	1985	-	Oct	lastSun	2:00s	1:00	-
! Rule	AV	1972	only	-	Feb	27	2:00s	0	-
! Rule	AV	1973	1985	-	Mar	Sun>=1	2:00s	0	-
! Rule	AV	1986	1990	-	Mar	Sun>=15	2:00s	0	-
! Rule	AV	1986	only	-	Oct	19	2:00s	1:00	-
! Rule	AV	1987	max	-	Oct	lastSun	2:00s	1:00	-
! Rule	AV	1991	1994	-	Mar	Sun>=1	2:00s	0	-
! Rule	AV	1995	max	-	Mar	lastSun	2:00s	0	-
  # Zone	NAME		GMTOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]
  Zone Australia/Melbourne 9:39:52 -	LMT	1895 Feb
  			10:00	-	EST	1917 Jan 1 0:01
! 			10:00	Aus	EST	1971 Oct 31 2:00s
  			10:00	AV	EST

  # New South Wales
  # Rule	NAME	FROM	TO	TYPE	IN	ON	AT	SAVE	LETTER/S
! Rule	AN	1971	1985	-	Oct	lastSun	2:00s	1:00	-
! Rule	AN	1972	only	-	Feb	27	2:00s	0	-
! Rule	AN	1973	1981	-	Mar	Sun>=1	2:00s	0	-
! Rule	AN	1982	only	-	Apr	Sun>=1	2:00s	0	-
! Rule	AN	1983	1985	-	Mar	Sun>=1	2:00s	0	-
! Rule	AN	1986	1989	-	Mar	Sun>=15	2:00s	0	-
! Rule	AN	1986	only	-	Oct	19	2:00s	1:00	-
! Rule	AN	1987	max	-	Oct	lastSun	2:00s	1:00	-
! Rule	AN	1990	1995	-	Mar	Sun>=1	2:00s	0	-
! Rule	AN	1996	max	-	Mar	lastSun	2:00s	0	-
  # Zone	NAME		GMTOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]
  Zone Australia/Sydney	10:04:52 -	LMT	1895 Feb
  			10:00	-	EST	1917 Jan 1 0:01
! 			10:00	Aus	EST	1971 Oct 31 2:00s
  			10:00	AN	EST
  Zone Australia/Broken_Hill 9:25:48 -	LMT	1895 Feb
  			10:00	-	EST	1896 Aug 23
  			9:00	-	CST	1899 May
  			9:30	-	CST	1917 Jan 1 0:01
! 			9:30	Aus	CST	1971 Oct 31 2:00s
  			9:30	AN	CST

! # Lord Howe Island
! # Rule	NAME	FROM	TO	TYPE	IN	ON	AT	SAVE	LETTER/S
! Rule	LH	1981	1984	-	Oct	lastSun	2:00s	1:00	-
! Rule	LH	1982	1985	-	Mar	Sun>=1	2:00s	0	-
! Rule	LH	1985	only	-	Oct	lastSun	2:00s	0:30	-
! Rule	LH	1986	1989	-	Mar	Sun>=15	2:00s	0	-
! Rule	LH	1986	only	-	Oct	19	2:00s	0:30	-
! Rule	LH	1987	max	-	Oct	lastSun	2:00s	0:30	-
! Rule	LH	1990	1995	-	Mar	Sun>=1	2:00s	0	-
! Rule	LH	1996	max	-	Mar	lastSun	2:00s	0	-
! Zone Australia/Lord_Howe 10:36:20 -	LMT	1895 Feb
! 			10:00	-	EST	1981 Mar
! 			10:30	LH	LHST

  # Australian miscellany
  # Zone	NAME		GMTOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]
  Zone Indian/Christmas	7:02:52 -	LMT	1895 Feb
  			7:00	-	JVT
  #
***************
*** 197,203 ****
  # no information; was probably like Pacific/Kiritimati

  # Johnston
! # no information; probably like Pacific/Honolulu

  # Kingman
  # uninhabited
--- 201,208 ----
  # no information; was probably like Pacific/Kiritimati

  # Johnston
! # Zone	NAME		GMTOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]
! Zone Pacific/Johnston	-10:00	-	HST

  # Kingman
  # uninhabited
***************
*** 269,283 ****
  Rule	NZ	1868	only	-	Jan	1	0:00	0	S
  # Shanks gives 1927 Nov 6 - 1928 Mar 4, 1928 Oct 14 - 1929 Mar 17,
  # 1929 Oct 13 - 1930 Mar 16; go with Whitman.
! Rule	NZ	1927	only	-	Nov	26	2:00	1:00	D
  Rule	NZ	1928	1929	-	Mar	Sun>=1	2:00	0	S
! Rule	NZ	1928	only	-	Nov	 4	2:00	1:00	D
! Rule	NZ	1929	only	-	Oct	30	2:00	1:00	D
  Rule	NZ	1930	1933	-	Mar	Sun>=15	2:00	0	S
! Rule	NZ	1930	1933	-	Oct	Sun>=8	2:00	1:00	D
! # Shanks says DST stopped 1940 Sep lastSun; go with Whitman for war years.
! Rule	NZ	1934	1944	-	Apr	lastSun	2:00	0	S
! Rule	NZ	1934	1944	-	Sep	lastSun	2:00	1:00	D
  Rule	NZ	1974	only	-	Nov	 3	2:00s	1:00	D
  Rule	NZ	1975	1988	-	Oct	lastSun	2:00s	1:00	D
  Rule	NZ	1989	only	-	Oct	 8	2:00s	1:00	D
--- 274,289 ----
  Rule	NZ	1868	only	-	Jan	1	0:00	0	S
  # Shanks gives 1927 Nov 6 - 1928 Mar 4, 1928 Oct 14 - 1929 Mar 17,
  # 1929 Oct 13 - 1930 Mar 16; go with Whitman.
! Rule	NZ	1927	only	-	Nov	26	2:00	0:30	HD
  Rule	NZ	1928	1929	-	Mar	Sun>=1	2:00	0	S
! Rule	NZ	1928	only	-	Nov	 4	2:00	0:30	HD
! Rule	NZ	1929	only	-	Oct	30	2:00	0:30	HD
  Rule	NZ	1930	1933	-	Mar	Sun>=15	2:00	0	S
! Rule	NZ	1930	1933	-	Oct	Sun>=8	2:00	0:30	HD
! # Whitman says DST went on and off during war years, and the base GMT offset
! # didn't change until 1945 Apr 30; go with Shanks.
! Rule	NZ	1934	1940	-	Apr	lastSun	2:00	0	S
! Rule	NZ	1934	1939	-	Sep	lastSun	2:00	0:30	HD
  Rule	NZ	1974	only	-	Nov	 3	2:00s	1:00	D
  Rule	NZ	1975	1988	-	Oct	lastSun	2:00s	1:00	D
  Rule	NZ	1989	only	-	Oct	 8	2:00s	1:00	D
***************
*** 287,297 ****
  Rule	NZ	1990	max	-	Mar	Sun>=15	2:00s	0	S
  # Zone	NAME		GMTOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]
  Zone Pacific/Auckland	11:39:04 -	LMT	1868
! 						# Shanks gives 1940 Sep 29 2:00;
! 						# go with Whitman.
! 			11:30	NZ	NZ%sT	1945 Apr 29 2:00
  			12:00	NZ	NZ%sT
! Zone Pacific/Chatham	12:45	-	NZ-CHAT

  # Antipodes Is, Kermadec Is
--- 293,301 ----
  Rule	NZ	1990	max	-	Mar	Sun>=15	2:00s	0	S
  # Zone	NAME		GMTOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]
  Zone Pacific/Auckland	11:39:04 -	LMT	1868
! 			11:30	NZ	NZ%sT	1940 Sep 29 2:00
  			12:00	NZ	NZ%sT
! Zone Pacific/Chatham	12:45	NZ	CH%sT

  # Antipodes Is, Kermadec Is
***************
*** 372,380 ****
  # Rule	NAME	FROM	TO	TYPE	IN	ON	AT	SAVE	LETTER/S
  Rule	Vanuatu	1912	only	-	Jan	13	0:00	0	S
  Rule	Vanuatu	1983	only	-	Sep	25	0:00	1:00	D
! Rule	Vanuatu	1984	max	-	Mar	Sun>=23	0:00	0	S
  Rule	Vanuatu	1984	only	-	Oct	23	0:00	1:00	D
! Rule	Vanuatu	1985	max	-	Sep	Sun>=23	0:00	1:00	D
  # Zone	NAME		GMTOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]
  Zone	Pacific/Efate	11:13:16 -	LMT	1912 Jan 13		# Vila
  			11:00	-	NCST
--- 376,386 ----
  # Rule	NAME	FROM	TO	TYPE	IN	ON	AT	SAVE	LETTER/S
  Rule	Vanuatu	1912	only	-	Jan	13	0:00	0	S
  Rule	Vanuatu	1983	only	-	Sep	25	0:00	1:00	D
! Rule	Vanuatu	1984	1991	-	Mar	Sun>=23	0:00	0	S
  Rule	Vanuatu	1984	only	-	Oct	23	0:00	1:00	D
! Rule	Vanuatu	1985	1990	-	Sep	Sun>=23	0:00	1:00	D
! Rule	Vanuatu	1991	max	-	Sep	lastSun	0:00	1:00	D
! Rule	Vanuatu	1992	max	-	Mar	lastSun	0:00	0	S
  # Zone	NAME		GMTOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]
  Zone	Pacific/Efate	11:13:16 -	LMT	1912 Jan 13		# Vila
  			11:00	-	NCST
***************
*** 428,439 ****
  #	 11:00	NCST NCDT New Caledonia*
  #	 11:30	NRFT	Norfolk*
  #	 12:00	NZST NZDT New Zealand
! #	 12:45	NZ-CHAT	Chatham
  #	 13:00	TGT	Tongatapu*
  #	-12:00	KJT	Kwajalein (no longer used)*
  #	-11:00	SST	Samoa
  #	-10:40	LIT	Line Is (no longer used)*
  #	-10:00	THT	Tahiti*
  #	- 9:30	MQT	Marquesas*
  #	- 9:00	GBT	Gambier*
  #	- 8:30	PIT	Pitcairn*
--- 434,446 ----
  #	 11:00	NCST NCDT New Caledonia*
  #	 11:30	NRFT	Norfolk*
  #	 12:00	NZST NZDT New Zealand
! #	 12:45	CHST CHDT Chatham*
  #	 13:00	TGT	Tongatapu*
  #	-12:00	KJT	Kwajalein (no longer used)*
  #	-11:00	SST	Samoa
  #	-10:40	LIT	Line Is (no longer used)*
  #	-10:00	THT	Tahiti*
+ #	-10:00	HST	Hawaii
  #	- 9:30	MQT	Marquesas*
  #	- 9:00	GBT	Gambier*
  #	- 8:30	PIT	Pitcairn*
***************
*** 471,486 ****
  #	WST	for any place operating at a GMTOFF of 8:00
  #	EST	for any place operating at a GMTOFF of 10:00

! # From Paul Eggert (November 8, 1994):
  # Shanks reports 2:00 for all autumn changes in Australia and New Zealand.
  # Mark Prior <mrp@itd.adelaide.edu.au> writes that his newspaper
  # reports that NSW's fall 1995 change will occur at 2:00,
  # but Robert Elz says it's been 3:00 in Victoria since 1970
  # and perhaps the newspaper's `2:00' is referring to standard time.
! # And Robert Uzgalis <buz@cs.aukuni.ac.nz> says that the New Zealand Daylight
! # Savings Time Order in Council dated 1990-06-18 specifies 2:00 standard
! # time on both the first Sunday in October and the third Sunday in March.
! # For now we'll continue to assume 3:00 for changes since 1970.

  # Northern Territory

--- 478,490 ----
  #	WST	for any place operating at a GMTOFF of 8:00
  #	EST	for any place operating at a GMTOFF of 10:00

! # From Paul Eggert (1995-12-19):
  # Shanks reports 2:00 for all autumn changes in Australia and New Zealand.
  # Mark Prior <mrp@itd.adelaide.edu.au> writes that his newspaper
  # reports that NSW's fall 1995 change will occur at 2:00,
  # but Robert Elz says it's been 3:00 in Victoria since 1970
  # and perhaps the newspaper's `2:00' is referring to standard time.
! # For now we'll continue to assume 2:00s for changes since 1960.

  # Northern Territory

***************
*** 768,773 ****
--- 772,783 ----
  # Lord Howe Island is located off the New South Wales coast, and is half an
  # hour ahead of NSW time.

+ # From Paul Eggert (1995-12-19):
+ # For Lord Howe we use Shanks through its time of publication (1991).
+ # Lord Howe is part of NSW, so we'll guess it has used the same transition
+ # times as NSW since 1991, even though Shanks writes that Lord Howe went
+ # with Victoria when NSW and Victoria disagreed in 1982.
+ 
  ###############################################################################

  # New Zealand, from Elz' asia 1.1
***************
*** 797,802 ****
--- 807,822 ----
  # The chosen rules use the Davies October 8 values for the start of DST in 1989
  # rather than the October 1 value.

+ # From Paul Eggert (1995-12-19);
+ # Shanks reports 2:00 for all autumn changes in Australia and New Zealand.
+ # Robert Uzgalis <buz@cs.aukuni.ac.nz> writes that the New Zealand Daylight
+ # Savings Time Order in Council dated 1990-06-18 specifies 2:00 standard
+ # time on both the first Sunday in October and the third Sunday in March.
+ # As with Australia, we'll assume the tradition is 2:00s, not 2:00.
+ #
+ # Shanks gives no data for Chatham, but usno1995 says it's +12:45/+13:45.
+ # Guess NZ switchover rules for now.
+ 
  ###############################################################################

  # Fiji
***************
*** 804,809 ****
--- 824,833 ----
  # Howse writes (p 162) that in 1879 the British governor of Fiji
  # enacted an ordinance standardizing the islands on +12:00.
  # Perhaps it didn't take.  We go with Shanks's more precise date in 1915.
+ 
+ # Johnston
+ 
+ # Johnston data is from usno1995.

  # Kwajalein

===================================================================
RCS file: RCS/backward,v
retrieving revision 1995.10
retrieving revision 1995.10.1.1
diff -c -r1995.10 -r1995.10.1.1
*** backward	1995/10/28 16:09:10	1995.10
--- backward	1995/12/20 01:55:08	1995.10.1.1
***************
*** 3,10 ****
  # This file provides links between current names for time zones
  # and their old names.  Many names changed in late 1993.

  Link	America/St_Thomas	America/Virgin
! Link	Australia/Canberra	Australia/ACT
  Link	Australia/Lord_Howe	Australia/LHI
  Link	Australia/Sydney	Australia/NSW
  Link	Australia/Darwin	Australia/North
--- 3,15 ----
  # This file provides links between current names for time zones
  # and their old names.  Many names changed in late 1993.

+ Link	America/Adak		America/Atka
+ Link	America/Indianapolis	America/Fort_Wayne
+ Link	America/Indiana/Knox	America/Knox_IN
+ Link	America/Denver		America/Shiprock
  Link	America/St_Thomas	America/Virgin
! Link	Australia/Sydney	Australia/ACT
! Link	Australia/Sydney	Australia/Canberra
  Link	Australia/Lord_Howe	Australia/LHI
  Link	Australia/Sydney	Australia/NSW
  Link	Australia/Darwin	Australia/North
***************
*** 49,55 ****
  Link	America/Tijuana		Mexico/BajaNorte
  Link	America/Mazatlan	Mexico/BajaSur
  Link	America/Mexico_City	Mexico/General
! Link	America/Shiprock	Navajo
  Link	Pacific/Auckland	NZ
  Link	Pacific/Chatham		NZ-CHAT
  Link	Pacific/Pago_Pago	Pacific/Samoa
--- 54,60 ----
  Link	America/Tijuana		Mexico/BajaNorte
  Link	America/Mazatlan	Mexico/BajaSur
  Link	America/Mexico_City	Mexico/General
! Link	America/Denver		Navajo
  Link	Pacific/Auckland	NZ
  Link	Pacific/Chatham		NZ-CHAT
  Link	Pacific/Pago_Pago	Pacific/Samoa
***************
*** 62,74 ****
  Link	Europe/Istanbul		Turkey
  Link	Etc/UCT			UCT
  Link	America/Anchorage	US/Alaska
! Link	America/Atka		US/Aleutian
  Link	America/Phoenix		US/Arizona
  Link	America/Chicago		US/Central
! Link	America/Fort_Wayne	US/East-Indiana
  Link	America/New_York	US/Eastern
  Link	Pacific/Honolulu	US/Hawaii
! Link	America/Knox_IN		US/Indiana-Starke
  Link	America/Detroit		US/Michigan
  Link	America/Denver		US/Mountain
  Link	America/Los_Angeles	US/Pacific
--- 67,79 ----
  Link	Europe/Istanbul		Turkey
  Link	Etc/UCT			UCT
  Link	America/Anchorage	US/Alaska
! Link	America/Adak		US/Aleutian
  Link	America/Phoenix		US/Arizona
  Link	America/Chicago		US/Central
! Link	America/Indianapolis	US/East-Indiana
  Link	America/New_York	US/Eastern
  Link	Pacific/Honolulu	US/Hawaii
! Link	America/Indiana/Knox	US/Indiana-Starke
  Link	America/Detroit		US/Michigan
  Link	America/Denver		US/Mountain
  Link	America/Los_Angeles	US/Pacific
===================================================================
RCS file: RCS/europe,v
retrieving revision 1995.11
retrieving revision 1995.11.1.1
diff -c -r1995.11 -r1995.11.1.1
*** europe	1995/10/30 23:16:48	1995.11
--- europe	1995/12/20 01:55:08	1995.11.1.1
***************
*** 4,10 ****
  # go ahead and edit the file (and please send any changes to
  # tz@elsie.nci.nih.gov for general use in the future).

! # From Paul Eggert <eggert@twinsun.com> (November 18, 1993):
  # A good source for time zone historical data outside the U.S. is
  # Thomas G. Shanks, The International Atlas (3rd edition),
  # San Diego: ACS Publications, Inc. (1991).
--- 4,10 ----
  # go ahead and edit the file (and please send any changes to
  # tz@elsie.nci.nih.gov for general use in the future).

! # From Paul Eggert <eggert@twinsun.com> (1995-12-19):
  # A good source for time zone historical data outside the U.S. is
  # Thomas G. Shanks, The International Atlas (3rd edition),
  # San Diego: ACS Publications, Inc. (1991).
***************
*** 32,48 ****
  #	 2:00	EET+DST Eastern Europe
  #	 3:00	MSK MSD	Moscow
  #	 3:00	TUR+DST	Turkey (no longer used)*
! #	 4:00	KSK KSD	Kuybyshev*
! #	 5:00	ESK ESD	Yekaterinburg*
! #	 6:00	OSK OSD	Omsk*
! #	 6:00	NSK NSD	Novosibirsk (was 7:00 until 1994)
! #	 7:00	TSK TSD	Tomsk*
! #	 8:00	ISK ISD	Irkutsk*
! #	 9:00	YSK YSD	Yakutsk*
! #	10:00	VSK VSD	Vladivostok*
! #	11:00	GSK GSD	Magadan*
! #	12:00	PSK PSD	Petropavlovsk-Kamchatski*
! #	13:00	ASK ASD	Anadyr*
  #
  # See the `africa' file for Zone naming conventions.
  #
--- 32,48 ----
  #	 2:00	EET+DST Eastern Europe
  #	 3:00	MSK MSD	Moscow
  #	 3:00	TUR+DST	Turkey (no longer used)*
! #	 4:00	KSK KSD	Kuybyshev (was 3:00)*
! #	 5:00	ESK ESD	Yekaterinburg (was 4:00) (was SSK, SSD)*
! #	 6:00	OSK OSD	Omsk (was 5:00)*
! #	 6:00	NSK NSD	Novosibirsk (was 7:00)
! #	 7:00	TSK TSD	Tomsk (was 6:00)*
! #	 8:00	ISK ISD	Irkutsk (was 7:00)*
! #	 9:00	YSK YSD	Yakutsk (was 8:00)*
! #	10:00	VSK VSD	Vladivostok (was 9:00)*
! #	11:00	MSK MSD	Magadan (was 10:00)*
! #	12:00	PSK PSD	Petropavlovsk-Kamchatski (was 11:00)*
! #	13:00	ASK ASD	Anadyr (was 12:00)*
  #
  # See the `africa' file for Zone naming conventions.
  #
***************
*** 54,60 ****
  # LST is Local Star Time (``mestnoe zvezdnoe vremya'').

  # From Peter Ilieve <peter@memex.co.uk> (December 4, 1994),
! # The original six [EU members]: Belguim, France, (West) Germany, Italy,
  # Luxembourg, the Netherlands.
  # Plus, from 1 Jan 73: Denmark, Ireland, United Kingdom.
  # Plus, from 1 Jan 81: Greece.
--- 54,60 ----
  # LST is Local Star Time (``mestnoe zvezdnoe vremya'').

  # From Peter Ilieve <peter@memex.co.uk> (December 4, 1994),
! # The original six [EU members]: Belgium, France, (West) Germany, Italy,
  # Luxembourg, the Netherlands.
  # Plus, from 1 Jan 73: Denmark, Ireland, United Kingdom.
  # Plus, from 1 Jan 81: Greece.
***************
*** 65,73 ****
  # referendum in 1972, they are the only country to have said No twice.
  # Referendums in the other three countries voted Yes.)
  # ...
! # The only [current nonmember using EU rules] I can speak for is Estonia,
! # which uses EU dates but not at 01:00 GMT, they use midnight GMT. I don't
! # think they know yet what they will do from 1996 onwards.
  # ...
  # There shouldn't be any [current members who are not using EU rules].
  # A Directive has the force of law, member states are obliged to enact
--- 65,72 ----
  # referendum in 1972, they are the only country to have said No twice.
  # Referendums in the other three countries voted Yes.)
  # ...
! # Estonia ... uses EU dates but not at 01:00 GMT, they use midnight GMT.
! # I don't think they know yet what they will do from 1996 onwards.
  # ...
  # There shouldn't be any [current members who are not using EU rules].
  # A Directive has the force of law, member states are obliged to enact
***************
*** 895,904 ****
  			3:00	Russia	MS%s	1922 Oct
  			2:00	-	EET	1930 Jun 21
  			3:00	Russia	MS%s	1991 Mar 31 2:00s
- # From Paul Eggert <eggert@twinsun.com> (May 28, 1994): A guess at recent dates:
  			2:00	1:00  "EET DST"	1991 Sep 29 2:00s
! 			2:00	-	EET	1992 Jan 19 2:00s
! 			3:00	Russia	MS%s

  # Belgium
  # Whitman and Shanks disagree; go with Shanks, usually.
--- 894,902 ----
  			3:00	Russia	MS%s	1922 Oct
  			2:00	-	EET	1930 Jun 21
  			3:00	Russia	MS%s	1991 Mar 31 2:00s
  			2:00	1:00  "EET DST"	1991 Sep 29 2:00s
! 			2:00	M-Eur	EET%s
! #			This may change to `EC' soon.

  # Belgium
  # Whitman and Shanks disagree; go with Shanks, usually.
***************
*** 1128,1138 ****
  Rule	France	1944	only	-	Oct	 8	 1:00	1:00	" DST"
  Rule	France	1945	only	-	Apr	 2	 2:00	2:00	" DDST"
  Rule	France	1945	only	-	Sep	16	 3:00	0	-
- # From Paul Eggert <eggert@twinsun.com) (November 18, 1993):
- # Shanks gives no times for 1975, but according to Cm722,
- # France introduced summer time in 1975 from 20 March to 22 September.
- Rule	France	1975	only	-	Mar	20	 2:00s	1:00	" DST"
- Rule	France	1975	only	-	Sep	22	 2:00s	0	-
  Rule	France	1976	only	-	Mar	28	 2:00s	1:00	" DST"
  Rule	France	1976	only	-	Sep	lastSun	 2:00s	0	-
  # Shanks gives 0:09 for Paris Mean Time, and Whitman gives 0:09:05,
--- 1126,1131 ----
***************
*** 1428,1434 ****
  			0:00	Lux	WET%s	1929 Oct  6 2:00s
  			0:00	Belgium	WET%s	1940 May 14 3:00
  			1:00	M-Eur	WET%s	1944 Sep 18 3:00
! 			1:00	Belgium	MET%s	1979
  			1:00	EC	MET%s

  # Macedonia
--- 1421,1427 ----
  			0:00	Lux	WET%s	1929 Oct  6 2:00s
  			0:00	Belgium	WET%s	1940 May 14 3:00
  			1:00	M-Eur	WET%s	1944 Sep 18 3:00
! 			1:00	Belgium	MET%s	1977
  			1:00	EC	MET%s

  # Macedonia
***************
*** 1767,1779 ****
  			 9:00	1:00	VSD	1991 Sep 29 2:00s
  			 9:00	-	VSK	1992 Jan 19 2:00s
  			10:00	Russia	VS%s
- # MSK is taken; settle for GSK.
  Zone Asia/Magadan	10:03:12 -	LMT	1924 May  2
! 			10:00	-	GSK	1957 Mar
! 			11:00	Russia	GS%s	1991 Mar 31 2:00s
! 			10:00	1:00	GSD	1991 Sep 29 2:00s
! 			10:00	-	GSK	1992 Jan 19 2:00s
! 			11:00	Russia	GS%s
  # This name should be Asia/Petropavlovsk-Kamchatski, but that's too long.
  Zone Asia/Kamchatka	10:34:36 -	LMT	1924 May  2
  			11:00	-	PSK	1957 Mar
--- 1760,1771 ----
  			 9:00	1:00	VSD	1991 Sep 29 2:00s
  			 9:00	-	VSK	1992 Jan 19 2:00s
  			10:00	Russia	VS%s
  Zone Asia/Magadan	10:03:12 -	LMT	1924 May  2
! 			10:00	-	MSK	1957 Mar
! 			11:00	Russia	MS%s	1991 Mar 31 2:00s
! 			10:00	1:00	MSD	1991 Sep 29 2:00s
! 			10:00	-	MSK	1992 Jan 19 2:00s
! 			11:00	Russia	MS%s
  # This name should be Asia/Petropavlovsk-Kamchatski, but that's too long.
  Zone Asia/Kamchatka	10:34:36 -	LMT	1924 May  2
  			11:00	-	PSK	1957 Mar
===================================================================
RCS file: RCS/northamerica,v
retrieving revision 1995.11
retrieving revision 1995.11.1.1
diff -c -r1995.11 -r1995.11.1.1
*** northamerica	1995/10/30 23:16:48	1995.11
--- northamerica	1995/12/20 01:55:08	1995.11.1.1
***************
*** 14,38 ****

  # United States

  # From Arthur David Olson:
  # US Daylight Saving Time ended on the last Sunday of *October* in 1974.
  # See, for example, the front page of the Saturday, October 26, 1974
  # and Sunday, October 27, 1974 editions of the Washington Post.

- # From seismo!munnari!kre:
- # I recall also being told by someone once that Canada didn't have
- # the DST variations in 74/75 that the US did, but I am not nearly
- # sure enough of this to add anything.
- 
- # From Arthur David Olson:
- # The above has been confirmed by Bob Devine; we'll go with it here.
- 
  # From Arthur David Olson:
  # Before the Uniform Time Act of 1966 took effect in 1967, observance of
  # Daylight Saving Time in the US was by local option, except during wartime.

  # Rule	NAME	FROM	TO	TYPE	IN	ON	AT	SAVE	LETTER/S
! Rule	US	1918	1919	-	Mar	lastSun	2:00	1:00	D
  Rule	US	1918	1919	-	Oct	lastSun	2:00	0	S
  Rule	US	1942	only	-	Feb	9	2:00	1:00	W # War
  Rule	US	1945	only	-	Sep	30	2:00	0	S
--- 14,37 ----

  # United States

+ # From Paul Eggert <eggert@twinsun.com> (1995-12-19):
+ # A good source for time zone historical data in the US is
+ # Thomas G. Shanks, The American Atlas (5th edition),
+ # San Diego: ACS Publications, Inc. (1991).
+ # Make sure you have the errata sheet; the book is somewhat useless without it.
+ # It is the source for the US and Puerto Rico entries below.
+ 
  # From Arthur David Olson:
  # US Daylight Saving Time ended on the last Sunday of *October* in 1974.
  # See, for example, the front page of the Saturday, October 26, 1974
  # and Sunday, October 27, 1974 editions of the Washington Post.

  # From Arthur David Olson:
  # Before the Uniform Time Act of 1966 took effect in 1967, observance of
  # Daylight Saving Time in the US was by local option, except during wartime.

  # Rule	NAME	FROM	TO	TYPE	IN	ON	AT	SAVE	LETTER/S
! Rule	US	1918	1919	-	Mar	lastSun	2:00	1:00	W # War
  Rule	US	1918	1919	-	Oct	lastSun	2:00	0	S
  Rule	US	1942	only	-	Feb	9	2:00	1:00	W # War
  Rule	US	1945	only	-	Sep	30	2:00	0	S
***************
*** 55,60 ****
--- 54,63 ----
  #    The YST zone now covers nearly all of the state, AHST just part
  #    of the Aleutian islands.   No DST.

+ # From Paul Eggert (1995-12-19):
+ # The tables below use `NST', not `NT', for Nome Standard Time.
+ # I invented `CAWT' for Central Alaska War Time.
+ 
  # From U. S. Naval Observatory (January 19, 1989):
  # USA  EASTERN       5 H  BEHIND UTC    NEW YORK, WASHINGTON
  # USA  EASTERN       4 H  BEHIND UTC    APR 3 - OCT 30
***************
*** 110,182 ****
  #	Hawaii-Aleutian standard time
  #	Samoa standard time
  # The law doesn't give abbreviations.

! # From Paul Eggert <eggert@twinsun.com> (August 16, 1994):
  # Howse writes that Alaska switched from the Julian to the Gregorian calendar,
  # and from east-of-GMT to west-of-GMT days, in 1867 when the US purchased it
! # from Russia.  We don't have this data pinned down yet, though.
! 
! # Easy stuff first--including Alaska, where we ignore history (since we
! # can't tell if we should give Yukon time or Alaska-Hawaii time for "old"
! # times).
! 
  # Zone	NAME		GMTOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]
! Zone America/New_York	-5:00	US	E%sT
! Zone America/Chicago	-6:00	US	C%sT
! Zone America/Denver	-7:00	US	M%sT
! Zone America/Los_Angeles -8:00	US	P%sT
! Zone America/Anchorage	-9:00	US	AK%sT
! 					# AK%sT is the abbreviation per USNO

! # Mainland US areas that are always Standard as of 1986.

! Zone America/Fort_Wayne -5:00	US	E%sT	1946
! 			-5:00	-	EST	# Always EST as of 1986
! # From Arthur David Olson (October 28, 1991):
! # An article on page A3 of the Sunday, October 27, 1991 Washington Post
! # notes that Starke County switched from Central time to Eastern time as of
! # October 27, 1991.
! Zone America/Knox_IN	-6:00	US	C%sT	1991 Oct 27 2:00
! 			-5:00	-	EST	# Always EST as of 1991
! Zone America/Phoenix	-7:00	US	M%sT	1946
! 			-7:00	-	MST	# Always MST as of 1986

  # From Arthur David Olson (February 13, 1988):
! # However. . .a writer from the Inter Tribal Council of Arizona, Inc.,
  # notes in private correspondence dated 12/28/87 that "Presently, only the
  # Navajo Nation participates in the Daylight Saving Time policy, due to its
  # large size and location in three states."  (The "only" means that other
  # tribal nations don't use DST.)

! Link	America/Denver	America/Shiprock

! # From Bob Devine (January 28, 1988):
! # Michigan didn't observe DST from 1968 to 1973.

! Zone America/Detroit	-5:00	US	E%sT	1968
! 			-5:00	-	EST	1973
  			-5:00	US	E%sT

! Zone Pacific/Midway	-11:49:28 -	LMT	1901
! 			-11:00	-	NST	1967 Apr	# N=Nome
! 			-11:00	-	BST	1983 Nov 30	# B=Bering
! 			-11:00	-	SST			# S=Samoa
! 
! # Aleutian has a name change.  DST, per Naval Observatory.
! 
! Zone America/Atka	-10:00	US	AH%sT	1983 Nov 30
! 			-10:00	US	HA%sT
! 
! # From Arthur David Olson:
! # And then there's Hawaii.
! # DST was observed for one day in 1933;
! # Standard time was change by half an hour in 1947;
! # it's always standard as of 1986.
! 
! Zone Pacific/Honolulu	-10:30	US	H%sT	1933 Apr 30 2:00
! 			-10:30	1:00	HDT	1933 May  1 2:00
! 			-10:30	US	H%sT	1947 Jun  8 2:00
! 			-10:00	-	HST

  # Navassa
  # uninhabited
--- 113,428 ----
  #	Hawaii-Aleutian standard time
  #	Samoa standard time
  # The law doesn't give abbreviations.
+ #
+ # From Paul Eggert (1995-12-19):
+ # Shanks uses 1983-10-30, not 1983-11-30, for the 1983 transitions.
+ # Go with Shanks.
+ 
+ # US Eastern time, represented by New York
+ # Rule	NAME	FROM	TO	TYPE	IN	ON	AT	SAVE	LETTER
+ Rule	NYC	1920	only	-	Mar	lastSun	2:00	1:00	D
+ Rule	NYC	1920	only	-	Oct	lastSun	2:00	0	S
+ Rule	NYC	1921	1966	-	Apr	lastSun	2:00	1:00	D
+ Rule	NYC	1921	1954	-	Sep	lastSun	2:00	0	S
+ Rule	NYC	1955	1966	-	Oct	lastSun	2:00	0	S
+ # Zone	NAME		GMTOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]
+ Zone America/New_York	-4:56:02 -	LMT	1883 Nov 18 12:00
+ 			-5:00	US	E%sT	1920
+ 			-5:00	NYC	E%sT	1942
+ 			-5:00	US	E%sT	1946
+ 			-5:00	NYC	E%sT	1967
+ 			-5:00	US	E%sT
+ 
+ # US Central time, represented by Chicago
+ # Rule	NAME	FROM	TO	TYPE	IN	ON	AT	SAVE	LETTER
+ Rule	Chicago	1920	only	-	Jun	13	2:00	1:00	D
+ Rule	Chicago	1920	1921	-	Oct	lastSun	2:00	0	S
+ Rule	Chicago	1921	only	-	Mar	lastSun	2:00	1:00	D
+ Rule	Chicago	1922	1966	-	Apr	lastSun	2:00	1:00	D
+ Rule	Chicago	1922	1954	-	Sep	lastSun	2:00	0	S
+ Rule	Chicago	1955	1966	-	Oct	lastSun	2:00	0	S
+ # Zone	NAME		GMTOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]
+ Zone America/Chicago	-5:50:36 -	LMT	1883 Nov 18 12:00
+ 			-6:00	US	C%sT	1920
+ 			-6:00	Chicago	C%sT	1936 Mar  1 2:00
+ 			-5:00	-	EST	1936 Nov 15 2:00
+ 			-6:00	Chicago	C%sT	1942
+ 			-6:00	US	C%sT	1946
+ 			-6:00	Chicago	C%sT	1967
+ 			-6:00	US	C%sT
+ 
+ # US Mountain time, represented by Denver
+ # Rule	NAME	FROM	TO	TYPE	IN	ON	AT	SAVE	LETTER
+ Rule	Denver	1920	1921	-	Mar	lastSun	2:00	1:00	D
+ Rule	Denver	1920	only	-	Oct	lastSun	2:00	0	S
+ Rule	Denver	1921	only	-	May	22	2:00	0	S
+ Rule	Denver	1965	1966	-	Apr	lastSun	2:00	1:00	D
+ Rule	Denver	1965	1966	-	Oct	lastSun	2:00	0	S
+ # Zone	NAME		GMTOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]
+ Zone America/Denver	-6:59:56 -	LMT	1883 Nov 18 12:00
+ 			-7:00	US	E%sT	1920
+ 			-7:00	Denver	E%sT	1942
+ 			-7:00	US	E%sT	1946
+ 			-7:00	Denver	E%sT	1967
+ 			-7:00	US	E%sT
+ 
+ # US Pacific time, represented by Los Angeles
+ # Rule	NAME	FROM	TO	TYPE	IN	ON	AT	SAVE	LETTER
+ Rule	CA	1948	only	-	Mar	14	2:00	1:00	D
+ Rule	CA	1949	only	-	Jan	 1	2:00	0	S
+ Rule	CA	1950	1966	-	Apr	lastSun	2:00	1:00	D
+ Rule	CA	1950	1961	-	Sep	lastSun	2:00	0	S
+ Rule	CA	1962	1966	-	Oct	lastSun	2:00	0	S
+ # Zone	NAME		GMTOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]
+ Zone America/Los_Angeles -7:52:58 -	LMT	1883 Nov 18 12:00
+ 			-8:00	US	P%sT	1946
+ 			-8:00	CA	P%sT	1967
+ 			-8:00	US	P%sT

! # Alaska
! # AK%sT is the modern abbreviation for -9:00 per USNO.
! #
! # From Paul Eggert (1995-12-19):
  # Howse writes that Alaska switched from the Julian to the Gregorian calendar,
  # and from east-of-GMT to west-of-GMT days, in 1867 when the US purchased it
! # from Russia.  We omit this transition, since we can't represent changes
! # from Julian to Gregorian.
! #
  # Zone	NAME		GMTOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]
! Zone America/Juneau	 -8:57:41 -	LMT	1900 Aug 20 12:00
! 			 -8:00	-	PST	1942
! 			 -8:00	US	P%sT	1946
! 			 -8:00	-	PST	1969
! 			 -8:00	US	P%sT	1983 Oct 30 2:00
! 			 -9:00	US	AK%sT
! Zone America/Yakutat	 -9:18:55 -	LMT	1900 Aug 20 12:00
! 			 -9:00	-	YST	1942
! 			 -9:00	US	Y%sT	1946
! 			 -9:00	-	YST	1969
! 			 -9:00	US	Y%sT	1983 Oct 30 2:00
! 			 -9:00	US	AK%sT
! Zone America/Anchorage	 -9:59:36 -	LMT	1900 Aug 20 12:00
! 			-10:00	-	CAT	1942
! 			-10:00	US	CAT/CAWT 1946
! 			-10:00	-	CAT	1967 Apr
! 			-10:00	-	AHST	1969
! 			-10:00	US	AH%sT	1983 Oct 30 2:00
! 			 -9:00	US	AK%sT
! Zone America/Nome	-11:01:38 -	LMT	1900 Aug 20 12:00
! 			-11:00	-	NST	1942
! 			-11:00	US	N%sT	1946
! 			-11:00	-	NST	1967 Apr
! 			-11:00	-	BST	1969
! 			-11:00	US	B%sT	1983 Oct 30 2:00
! 			 -9:00	US	AK%sT
! Zone America/Adak	-11:46:38 -	LMT	1900 Aug 20 12:00
! 			-11:00	-	NST	1942
! 			-11:00	US	N%sT	1946
! 			-11:00	-	NST	1967 Apr
! 			-11:00	-	BST	1969
! 			-11:00	US	B%sT	1983 Oct 30 2:00
! 			-10:00	US	HA%sT
! # Shanks writes that part of southwest Alaska (e.g. Aniak)
! # switched from -11:00 to -10:00 on 1968-09-22 at 02:00,
! # and another part (e.g. Akiak) made the same switch five weeks later.
! # These switches don't quite make our 1970 cutoff.

! # Hawaii
! #
! # From Arthur David Olson:
! # And then there's Hawaii.
! # DST was observed for one day in 1933;
! # standard time was changed by half an hour in 1947;
! # it's always standard as of 1986.
! #
! # From Paul Eggert:
! # Shanks says the 1933 experiment lasted for three weeks.  Go with Shanks.
! #
! Zone Pacific/Honolulu	-10:31:26 -	LMT	1900 Jan  1 12:00
! 			-10:30	-	HST	1933 Apr 30 2:00
! 			-10:30	1:00	HDT	1933 May 21 2:00
! 			-10:30	US	H%sT	1947 Jun  8 2:00
! 			-10:00	-	HST

! Zone Pacific/Midway	-11:49:28 -	LMT	1901
! 			-11:00	-	NST	1967 Apr	# N=Nome
! 			-11:00	-	BST	1983 Nov 30	# B=Bering
! 			-11:00	-	SST			# S=Samoa
! 
! # Now we turn to US areas that have diverged from the consensus since 1970.

+ # Arizona mostly uses MST.
+ Zone America/Phoenix	-7:28:18 -	LMT	1883 Nov 18 12:00
+ 			-7:00	US	M%sT	1944 Jan  1 00:01
+ 			-7:00	-	MST	1944 Mar 17 00:01
+ 			-7:00	US	M%sT	1944 Oct  1 00:01
+ 			-7:00	-	MST	1967
+ 			-7:00	US	M%sT	1968
+ 			-7:00	-	MST
  # From Arthur David Olson (February 13, 1988):
! # A writer from the Inter Tribal Council of Arizona, Inc.,
  # notes in private correspondence dated 12/28/87 that "Presently, only the
  # Navajo Nation participates in the Daylight Saving Time policy, due to its
  # large size and location in three states."  (The "only" means that other
  # tribal nations don't use DST.)

! # Southern Idaho and eastern Oregon switched four weeks late in 1974.
! # Zone	NAME		GMTOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]
! Zone America/Boise	-7:44:49 -	LMT	1883 Nov 18 12:00
! 			-8:00	US	P%sT	1923 May 13 2:00
! 			-7:00	US	M%sT	1974
! 			-7:00	-	MST	1974 Feb  3 2:00
! 			-7:00	US	M%sT

! # Indiana
! #
! # From Paul Eggert (1995-12-19):
! # Indiana generally observes either EST all year, or CST/CDT,
! # but areas near Cincinnati and Louisville use those cities' timekeeping
! # and in 1969 and 1970 the whole state observed daylight time;
! # and there are other exceptions as noted below.
! # Shanks partitions Indiana into 345 regions, each with its own time history,
! # and writes ``Even newspaper reports present contradictory information.''
! # Fortunately, most of the complexity occurred before our cutoff date of 1970.
! #
! # Since 1970, EST-only Indiana has been like America/Indianapolis,
! # with exceptions noted below for Crawford, Starke, and Switzerland counties.
! # The parts of Indiana not listed below have been like America/Chicago,
! # America/Louisville, or America/New_York.
! #
! # Other than Indianapolis, the Indiana place names are so nondescript
! # that they would be ambiguous if we left them at the `America' level.
! # So we reluctantly put them all in a subdirectory `America/Indiana'.
! #
! # Most of EST-only Indiana last observed DST in 1970.
! # Rule	NAME	FROM	TO	TYPE	IN	ON	AT	SAVE	LETTER
! Rule Indianapolis 1941	only	-	Jun	22	2:00	1:00	D
! Rule Indianapolis 1941	1954	-	Sep	lastSun	2:00	0	S
! Rule Indianapolis 1946	1954	-	Apr	lastSun	2:00	1:00	D
! # Zone	NAME		GMTOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]
! Zone America/Indianapolis -5:44:38 - LMT 1883 Nov 18 12:00
! 			-6:00	US	C%sT	1920
! 			-6:00 Indianapolis C%sT	1942
! 			-6:00	US	C%sT	1946
! 			-6:00 Indianapolis C%sT	1955 Apr 24 2:00
! 			-5:00	-	EST	1957 Sep 29 2:00
! 			-6:00	-	CST	1958 Apr 27 2:00
! 			-5:00	-	EST	1969
! 			-5:00	US	E%sT	1971
! 			-5:00	-	EST
! Link America/Indianapolis America/Indiana/Indianapolis
! #
! # Part of Crawford County, Indiana, last observed DST in 1975,
! # and left its clocks alone in 1974.
! # Rule	NAME	FROM	TO	TYPE	IN	ON	AT	SAVE	LETTER
! Rule	Marengo	1951	only	-	Apr	lastSun	2:00	1:00	D
! Rule	Marengo	1951	only	-	Sep	lastSun	2:00	0	S
! Rule	Marengo	1954	1960	-	Apr	lastSun	2:00	1:00	D
! Rule	Marengo	1954	1960	-	Sep	lastSun	2:00	0	S
! # Zone	NAME		GMTOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]
! Zone America/Indiana/Marengo -5:45:23 -	LMT	1883 Nov 18 12:00
! 			-6:00	US	C%sT	1951
! 			-6:00	Marengo	C%sT	1961 Apr 30 2:00
! 			-5:00	-	EST	1969
! 			-5:00	US	E%sT	1974 Jan  6 2:00
! 			-6:00	1:00	CDT	1974 Oct 27 2:00
! 			-5:00	US	E%sT	1976
! 			-5:00	-	EST
! #
! # Starke County, Indiana
! # From Arthur David Olson (October 28, 1991):
! # An article on page A3 of the Sunday, October 27, 1991 Washington Post
! # notes that Starke County switched from Central time to Eastern time as of
! # October 27, 1991.
! # Rule	NAME	FROM	TO	TYPE	IN	ON	AT	SAVE	LETTER
! Rule	Starke	1947	1961	-	Apr	lastSun	2:00	1:00	D
! Rule	Starke	1947	1954	-	Sep	lastSun	2:00	0	S
! Rule	Starke	1955	1956	-	Oct	lastSun	2:00	0	S
! Rule	Starke	1957	1958	-	Sep	lastSun	2:00	0	S
! Rule	Starke	1959	1961	-	Oct	lastSun	2:00	0	S
! # Zone	NAME		GMTOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]
! Zone America/Indiana/Knox -5:46:30 -	LMT	1883 Nov 18 12:00
! 			-6:00	US	C%sT	1947
! 			-6:00	Starke	C%sT	1962 Apr 29 2:00
! 			-5:00	-	EST	1963 Oct 27 2:00
! 			-6:00	US	C%sT	1991 Oct 27 2:00
! 			-5:00	-	EST
! #
! # Switzerland County, Indiana, last observed DST in 1972.
! # Zone	NAME		GMTOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]
! Zone America/Indiana/Vevay -5:40:16 -	LMT	1883 Nov 18 12:00
! 			-6:00	US	C%sT	1954 Apr 25 2:00
! 			-5:00	-	EST	1969
! 			-5:00	US	E%sT	1973
! 			-5:00	-	EST

! # Part of Kentucky left its clocks alone in 1974.
! # Rule	NAME	FROM	TO	TYPE	IN	ON	AT	SAVE	LETTER
! Rule Louisville	1921	only	-	May	1	2:00	1:00	D
! Rule Louisville	1921	only	-	Sep	1	2:00	0	S
! Rule Louisville	1941	1961	-	Apr	lastSun	2:00	1:00	D
! Rule Louisville	1941	only	-	Sep	lastSun	2:00	0	S
! Rule Louisville	1946	only	-	Jun	2	2:00	0	S
! Rule Louisville	1950	1955	-	Sep	lastSun	2:00	0	S
! Rule Louisville	1956	1960	-	Oct	lastSun	2:00	0	S
! # Zone	NAME		GMTOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]
! Zone America/Louisville	-5:43:02 -	LMT	1883 Nov 18 12:00
! 			-6:00	US	C%sT	1921
! 			-6:00 Louisville C%sT	1942
! 			-6:00	US	C%sT	1946
! 			-6:00 Louisville C%sT	1961 Jul 23 2:00
! 			-5:00	-	EST	1968
! 			-5:00	US	E%sT	1974 Jan  6 2:00
! 			-6:00	1:00	CDT	1974 Oct 27 2:00
  			-5:00	US	E%sT

! # Michigan
! #
! # From Bob Devine (January 28, 1988):
! # Michigan didn't observe DST from 1968 to 1973.
! #
! # From Paul Eggert (1995-12-19):
! # Shanks writes that Michigan started using standard time on 1885 Sep 18,
! # but Howse (p 126) writes that Detroit kept
! #
! #	local time until 1900 when the City Council decreed that clocks should
! #	be put back twenty-eight minutes to Central Standard Time.  Half the
! #	city obeyed, half refused.  After considerable debate, the decision
! #	was rescinded and the city reverted to Sun time.  A derisive offer to
! #	erect a sundial in front of the city hall was referred to the
! #	Committee on Sewers.  Then, in 1905, Central time was adopted
! #	by city vote.
! #
! # This story is too entertaining to be false, so go with Howse over Shanks.
! #
! # Most of Michigan observed DST from 1973 on, but was a bit late in 1975.
! # Rule	NAME	FROM	TO	TYPE	IN	ON	AT	SAVE	LETTER
! Rule	Detroit	1948	only	-	Apr	lastSun	2:00	1:00	D
! Rule	Detroit	1948	only	-	Sep	lastSun	2:00	0	S
! Rule	Detroit	1967	only	-	Jun	14	2:00	1:00	D
! Rule	Detroit	1967	only	-	Oct	lastSun	2:00	0	S
! # Zone	NAME		GMTOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]
! Zone America/Detroit	-5:32:11 -	LMT	1905
! 			-6:00	-	CST	1915 May 15 2:00
! 			-5:00	-	EST	1942
! 			-5:00	US	E%sT	1946
! 			-5:00	Detroit	E%sT	1973
! 			-5:00	US	E%sT	1975
! 			-5:00	-	EST	1975 Apr 27 2:00
! 			-5:00	US	E%sT
! #
! # The Michigan border with Wisconsin switched from EST to CST/CDT in 1973.
! # Rule	NAME	FROM	TO	TYPE	IN	ON	AT	SAVE	LETTER
! Rule Menominee	1946	only	-	Apr	lastSun	2:00	1:00	D
! Rule Menominee	1946	only	-	Sep	lastSun	2:00	0	S
! Rule Menominee	1966	only	-	Apr	lastSun	2:00	1:00	D
! Rule Menominee	1966	only	-	Oct	lastSun	2:00	0	S
! # Zone	NAME		GMTOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]
! Zone America/Menominee	-5:50:27 -	LMT	1885 Sep 18 12:00
! 			-6:00	US	C%sT	1946
! 			-6:00 Menominee	C%sT	1969 Apr 27 2:00
! 			-5:00	-	EST	1973 Apr 29 2:00
! 			-6:00	US	C%sT

  # Navassa
  # uninhabited
***************
*** 189,195 ****
  Link	America/Chicago		CST6CDT
  Link	America/Denver		MST7MDT
  Link	America/Los_Angeles	PST8PDT
! Link	America/Fort_Wayne	EST
  Link	America/Phoenix		MST
  Link	Pacific/Honolulu	HST

--- 435,441 ----
  Link	America/Chicago		CST6CDT
  Link	America/Denver		MST7MDT
  Link	America/Los_Angeles	PST8PDT
! Link	America/Indianapolis	EST
  Link	America/Phoenix		MST
  Link	Pacific/Honolulu	HST

***************
*** 197,203 ****

  # From Paul Eggert <eggert@twinsun.com> (November 18, 1993):
! # A good source for time zone historical data outside the U.S. is
  # Thomas G. Shanks, The International Atlas (3rd edition),
  # San Diego: ACS Publications, Inc. (1991).
  # Except where otherwise noted, it is the source for the data below.
--- 443,449 ----

  # From Paul Eggert <eggert@twinsun.com> (November 18, 1993):
! # A good source for time zone historical data outside the US is
  # Thomas G. Shanks, The International Atlas (3rd edition),
  # San Diego: ACS Publications, Inc. (1991).
  # Except where otherwise noted, it is the source for the data below.
***************
*** 355,361 ****
  Rule	StJohns	1951	1959	-	Sep	lastSun	2:00	0	S
  Rule	StJohns	1960	max	-	Oct	lastSun	2:00	0	S
  Rule	StJohns	1987	only	-	Apr	Sun>=1	2:00	1:00	D
! Rule	StJohns	1988	only	-	Apr	Sun>=1	2:00	2:00	D
  Rule	StJohns	1989	max	-	Apr	Sun>=1	2:00	1:00	D
  # St John's has an apostrophe, but Posix file names can't have apostrophes.
  # Zone	NAME		GMTOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]
--- 601,607 ----
  Rule	StJohns	1951	1959	-	Sep	lastSun	2:00	0	S
  Rule	StJohns	1960	max	-	Oct	lastSun	2:00	0	S
  Rule	StJohns	1987	only	-	Apr	Sun>=1	2:00	1:00	D
! Rule	StJohns	1988	only	-	Apr	Sun>=1	2:00	2:00	DD
  Rule	StJohns	1989	max	-	Apr	Sun>=1	2:00	1:00	D
  # St John's has an apostrophe, but Posix file names can't have apostrophes.
  # Zone	NAME		GMTOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]
***************
*** 899,907 ****
  # Puerto Rico
  # There are too many San Juans elsewhere, so we'll use `Puerto_Rico'.
  # Zone	NAME		GMTOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]
! Zone America/Puerto_Rico -4:24:28 -	LMT	1899 Mar 28 12:00    # San Juan
  			-4:00	-	AST	1942 May  3
! 			-4:00	1:00	ADT	1945 Sep 30  2:00
  			-4:00	-	AST

  # St Kitts-Nevis
--- 1145,1153 ----
  # Puerto Rico
  # There are too many San Juans elsewhere, so we'll use `Puerto_Rico'.
  # Zone	NAME		GMTOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]
! Zone America/Puerto_Rico -4:24:25 -	LMT	1899 Mar 28 12:00    # San Juan
  			-4:00	-	AST	1942 May  3
! 			-4:00	1:00	AWT	1945 Sep 30  2:00
  			-4:00	-	AST

  # St Kitts-Nevis
===================================================================
RCS file: RCS/southamerica,v
retrieving revision 1995.11
retrieving revision 1995.11.1.1
diff -c -r1995.11 -r1995.11.1.1
*** southamerica	1995/10/30 23:16:48	1995.11
--- southamerica	1995/12/20 01:55:08	1995.11.1.1
***************
*** 354,360 ****
  # Uruguay
  # From Paul Eggert <eggert@twinsun.com> (November 18, 1993):
  # Uruguay wins the prize for the strangest peacetime manipulation of the rules.
- # Your guess is as good as mine for what happened after 1989.
  # From Shanks (1991):
  # Rule	NAME	FROM	TO	TYPE	IN	ON	AT	SAVE	LETTER/S
  Rule	Uruguay	1920	only	-	May	 1	 0:00	0	S
--- 354,359 ----