The changes in Uruguay took effect this morning, so I guess we need to update the tz database pronto. Thanks to Eduardo Cota for the detailed information. Here is a proposed patch to deal with this, along with comments about the situation in Israel (thanks to Ephraim Silverberg) and a refresh of the tz-links page. =================================================================== RCS file: RCS/southamerica,v retrieving revision 2004.2 retrieving revision 2004.2.1.1 diff -pu -r2004.2 -r2004.2.1.1 --- southamerica 2004/07/19 18:32:49 2004.2 +++ southamerica 2004/09/20 20:13:02 2004.2.1.1 @@ -1029,6 +1029,11 @@ Rule Uruguay 1990 1992 - Mar Sun>=1 0:0 Rule Uruguay 1990 1991 - Oct Sun>=21 0:00 1:00 S Rule Uruguay 1992 only - Oct 18 0:00 1:00 S Rule Uruguay 1993 only - Feb 28 0:00 0 - +# From Eduardo Cota (2004-09-20): +# The uruguayan government has decreed a change in the local time.... +# http://www.presidencia.gub.uy/decretos/2004091502.htm +Rule Uruguay 2004 only - Sep Sun>=15 0:00 1:00 S +Rule Uruguay 2005 only - Mar Sun>=8 0:00 0 - # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] Zone America/Montevideo -3:44:44 - LMT 1898 Jun 28 -3:44:44 - MMT 1920 May 1 # Montevideo MT =================================================================== RCS file: RCS/asia,v retrieving revision 2004.2 retrieving revision 2004.2.1.1 diff -pu -r2004.2 -r2004.2.1.1 --- asia 2004/07/19 18:32:48 2004.2 +++ asia 2004/09/20 20:13:02 2004.2.1.1 @@ -639,7 +639,7 @@ Rule Zion 1988 only - Apr 9 0:00 1:00 D Rule Zion 1988 only - Sep 3 0:00 0 S # From Ephraim Silverberg <ephraim@cs.huji.ac.il> -# (1997-03-04, 1998-03-16, 1998-12-28, 2000-01-17 and 2000-07-25): +# (1997-03-04, 1998-03-16, 1998-12-28, 2000-01-17, 2000-07-25, and 2004-09-20): # According to the Office of the Secretary General of the Ministry of # Interior, there is NO set rule for Daylight-Savings/Standard time changes. @@ -735,6 +735,14 @@ Rule Zion 2003 only - Oct 3 1:00 0 S Rule Zion 2004 only - Apr 7 1:00 1:00 D Rule Zion 2004 only - Sep 22 1:00 0 S +# The latest rumour, however, is that in 2005, when the clock changes to +# Daylight Saving Time (date as yet unknown), the move will be a two-hour leap +# forward (from UTC+0200 to UTC+0400) and then, in the fall, the clock will +# move back only an hour to UTC+0300 thus effectively moving Israel's timezone +# from UTC+0200 to UTC+0300. However, no actual draft has been put before the +# Knesset (Israel's Parliament) though the intention is to do so this +# month [2004-09]. + # From Paul Eggert (2000-07-25): # Here are guesses for rules after 2004. # They are probably wrong, but they are more likely than no DST at all. =================================================================== RCS file: RCS/tz-link.htm,v retrieving revision 2004.2 retrieving revision 2004.2.1.1 diff -pu -r2004.2 -r2004.2.1.1 --- tz-link.htm 2004/07/19 18:32:49 2004.2 +++ tz-link.htm 2004/09/20 21:25:22 2004.2.1.1 @@ -9,7 +9,7 @@ <meta http-equiv="Content-type" content='text/html; charset="US-ASCII"' /> <meta name="DC.Creator" content="Eggert, Paul" /> <meta name="DC.Contributor" content="Olson, Arthur David" /> -<meta name="DC.Date" content="2004-07-13" /> +<meta name="DC.Date" content="2004-09-20" /> <meta name="DC.Description" content="Sources of information about time zones and daylight saving time" /> <meta name="DC.Identifier" content="http://www.twinsun.com/tz/tz-link.htm" /> @@ -23,25 +23,28 @@ </address> <p> Please send corrections to this web page to the -<a href="mailto:tz@elsie.nci.nih.gov">time zone mailing list</a>. -</p> +<a href="mailto:tz@elsie.nci.nih.gov">time zone mailing list</a>.</p> <h2>The <code>tz</code> database</h2> <p> The public-domain time zone database contains code and data that represent the history of local time for many representative locations around the globe. It is updated periodically to reflect changes made by political bodies -to UTC offsets and daylight-saving rules. +to <abbr title="Coordinated Universal Time">UTC</abbr> +offsets and daylight-saving rules. This database (often called <code>tz</code> or <code>zoneinfo</code>) is used by several implementations, including -<a href="http://www.gnu.org/software/libc/">the GNU C Library</a> used in -<a href="http://www.linux.org/">GNU/Linux</a>, +<a href="http://www.gnu.org/software/libc/">the +<acronym title="GNU's Not Unix">GNU</acronym> +C Library</a> used in +<a href="http://www.linux.org/"><acronym>GNU</acronym>/Linux</a>, <a href="http://www.freebsd.org/">FreeBSD</a>, <a href="http://www.netbsd.org/">NetBSD</a>, <a href="http://www.openbsd.org/">OpenBSD</a>, <a href="http://www.cygwin.com/">Cygwin</a>, -<a href="http://www.delorie.com/djgpp/">DJGPP</a>, +<a href="http://www.delorie.com/djgpp/"><abbr +title="DJ's GNU Programming Platform">DJGPP</abbr></a>, <a href="http://www.hp.com/products1/unix/operating/">HP-UX</a>, <a href="http://www.sgi.com/developers/technology/irix/">IRIX</a>, <a href="http://www.apple.com/macosx/">Mac OS X</a>, @@ -55,24 +58,30 @@ clocks keeping local time have agreed si Locations are identified by continent or ocean and then by the name of the location, which is typically the largest city within the region. For example, <code>America/New_York</code> -represents most of the US eastern time zone; +represents most of the <abbr title="United States">US</abbr> eastern time zone; <code>America/Indianapolis</code> represents most of Indiana, which -uses eastern time without daylight saving time (DST); +uses eastern time without daylight saving time (<abbr +title="daylight saving time">DST</abbr>); <code>America/Detroit</code> represents most of Michigan, which uses -eastern time but with different DST rules in 1975; +eastern time but with different <abbr>DST</abbr> rules in 1975; and other entries represent smaller regions like Starke County, Kentucky, which switched from central to eastern time in 1991. -To use the database, set the <code>TZ</code> environment variable to +To use the database on an extended <a +href="http://www.pasc.org/#POSIX"><abbr +title="Portable Operating System Interface">POSIX</abbr></a> +implementation set the <code>TZ</code> environment variable to the location's full name, e.g., <code>TZ="America/New_York"</code>.</p> <p> In the <code>tz</code> database's -<a href="ftp://elsie.nci.nih.gov/pub/">FTP distribution</a>, +<a href="ftp://elsie.nci.nih.gov/pub/"><abbr +title="File Transfer Protocol">FTP</abbr> distribution</a> the code is in the file <code>tzcode<var>C</var>.tar.gz</code>, where <code><var>C</var></code> is the code's version; similarly, the data are in <code>tzdata<var>D</var>.tar.gz</code>, where <code><var>D</var></code> is the data's version. The following shell commands download -these files to a GNU/Linux or similar host; see the downloaded +these files to a <acronym>GNU</acronym>/Linux or similar host; +see the downloaded <code>README</code> file for what to do next.</p> <pre style="margin-left: 2em"><code><a href="http://www.gnu.org/software/wget/">wget</a> 'ftp://elsie.nci.nih.gov/pub/tz*.tar.gz' <a href="http://www.gnu.org/software/gzip/">gzip</a> -dc tzcode*.tar.gz | <a href="http://www.gnu.org/software/tar/">tar</a> -xf - @@ -92,7 +101,10 @@ mailing list, retrieve the <a href="ftp://elsie.nci.nih.gov/pub/tzarchive.gz">archive of old messages</a> (in gzip compressed format), or retrieve <a href="ftp://munnari.oz.au/pub/oldtz/">archived older versions of code -and data</a>.</p> +and data</a>; there is also a smaller <a +href="http://public.planetmirror.com/pub/timezone/"><abbr +title="Hypertext Transfer Protocol">HTTP</abbr> +mirror</a>.</p> <p> The Web has several other sources for time zone and daylight saving time data. Here are some recent links that may be of interest. @@ -104,7 +116,9 @@ is a text-based point-and-click interfac throughout the world.</li> <li>Fancier web interfaces, roughly in ascending order of complexity, include: <ul> -<li><a href="http://www.convertit.com/Go/ConvertIt/World_Time/Current_Time.ASP">Current Time in 1000 Places</a></li> +<li><a +href="http://www.convertit.com/Go/ConvertIt/World_Time/Current_Time.ASP">Current +Time in 1000 Places</a></li> <li><a href="http://timezoneconverter.com/">Time Zone Converter</a></li> </ul></li> <li><a href="http://www.timeanddate.com/worldclock/">The World Clock - @@ -116,21 +130,29 @@ is a web interface to a time zone databa <ul> <li>The <a href="ftp://ftp.rfc-editor.org/in-notes/rfc2445.txt"> Internet Calendaring and Scheduling Core Object Specification -(iCalendar)</a> specification published by the <a -href="http://www.ietf.org/html.charters/calsch-charter.html">IETF -Calendaring and Scheduling Working Group (calsch)</a> covers time zone +(iCalendar)</a> specification published by the (now-concluded) <a +href="http://www.ietf.org/html.charters/OLD/calsch-charter.html"><abbr +title="Internet Engineering Task Force">IETF</abbr> +Calendaring and Scheduling Working Group (<abbr +title="Calendaring and Scheduling Working Group">calsch</abbr>)</a> +covers time zone data; see its VTIMEZONE calendar component.</li> <li>The <a href="http://lists.w3.org/Archives/Public/www-rdf-calendar/">www-rdf-calendar</a> -list discusses <a href="http://www.w3.org/RDF/">RDF</a>-based calendar +list discusses <a +href="http://www.w3.org/RDF/"><abbr +title="Resource Description Framework">RDF</abbr></a>-based calendar and group scheduling systems, and has a <a href="http://www.w3.org/2002/12/cal/#tzd">workspace on time zone data</a> converted from <code>tz</code>. An earlier <a href="http://www.w3.org/2000/01/foo">schema</a> was sketched out by <a href="http://www.w3.org/People/Berners-Lee/">Tim Berners-Lee</a>.</li> <li><a -href="http://www.calsch.org/ietf/archives/draft-ietf-calsch-many-xcal-02.txt">XCal</a> -was a draft <a href="http://www.w3.org/XML/">XML</a> document type +href="http://www.calsch.org/ietf/archives/draft-ietf-calsch-many-xcal-02.txt"><abbr +title="XML DTD for iCalendar">XCal</abbr></a> +was a draft <a +href="http://www.w3.org/XML/"><abbr +title="Extensible Markup Language">XML</abbr></a> document type definition that corresponded to iCalendar.</li> </ul> <h2>Other <code>tz</code> compilers</h2> @@ -139,47 +161,55 @@ definition that corresponded to iCalenda Timezone Converter</a> describes a program Vzic that compiles <code>tz</code> source into iCalendar-compatible VTIMEZONE files. Vzic is freely -available under the <a href="http://www.gnu.org/copyleft/gpl.html">GNU -General Public License (GPL)</a>.</li> +available under the <a +href="http://www.gnu.org/copyleft/gpl.html"><acronym>GNU</acronym> +General Public License (<abbr +title="General Public License">GPL</abbr>)</a>.</li> <li><a href="http://search.cpan.org/dist/DateTime-TimeZone/">DateTime::TimeZone</a> contains a script <code>parse_olson</code> that compiles <code>tz</code> source into <a href="http://www.perl.org/">Perl</a> modules. It is part of the Perl <a href="http://datetime.perl.org/">DateTime Project</a>, which is freely -available under both the GPL and the Perl Artistic +available under both the <abbr>GPL</abbr> and the Perl Artistic License. DateTime::TimeZone also contains a script <code>tests_from_zdump</code> that generates test cases for each clock transition in the <code>tz</code> database.</li> -<li><a href="http://oss.software.ibm.com/icu/">International Components for -Unicode (ICU)</a> contains a C/C++ library for internationalization that -has a compiler from <samp>tz</samp> source into an ICU-specific format. -ICU is freely available under a BSD-style license.</li> +<li><a href="http://oss.software.ibm.com/icu/"><abbr +title="International Components for Unicode">ICU</abbr></a> contains a C/C++ library for +internationalization that has a compiler from <samp>tz</samp> source +into an <abbr>ICU</abbr>-specific format. +<abbr>ICU</abbr> is freely available under a +<abbr title="Berkeley Software Distribution">BSD</abbr>-style license.</li> <li><a href="http://joda-time.sourceforge.net/">Joda Time - Java date -and time API</a> contains a class +and time <abbr title="Application Program Interface">API</abbr></a> contains a class <code>org.joda.time.tz.ZoneInfoCompiler</code> that compiles <code>tz</code> source into a Joda-specific binary format. Joda Time -is freely available under a BSD-style license.</li> +is freely available under a <abbr>BSD</abbr>-style license.</li> <li><a href="http://sourceforge.net/projects/pytz/">PyTZ - Python Time Zone Library</a> compiles <code>tz</code> source into <a href="http://www.python.org/">Python</a>. -It is freely available under a BSD-style license.</li> +It is freely available under a <abbr>BSD</abbr>-style license.</li> </ul> <h2>Other <code>tz</code> binary file readers</h2> <ul> -<li>The <a href="http://www.gnu.org/software/libc/">GNU C Library</a> +<li>The <a +href="http://www.gnu.org/software/libc/"><acronym>GNU</acronym> C +Library</a> has an independent, thread-safe implementation of a <code>tz</code> binary file reader. This library is freely available under the <a href="http://www.gnu.org/copyleft/lesser.html"> -GNU Lesser General Public License (LGPL)</a>, -and is widely used in GNU/Linux systems.</li> +<acronym>GNU</acronym> Lesser General Public License +(<abbr title="Lesser General Public License">LGPL</abbr>)</a>, +and is widely used in <acronym>GNU</acronym>/Linux systems.</li> <li><a href="http://www.bmsi.com/java/#TZ">ZoneInfo.java</a> is a <code>tz</code> binary file reader written in Java. -It is freely available under the GNU LGPL.</li> +It is freely available under the <acronym>GNU</acronym> +<abbr>LGPL</abbr>.</li> <li><a href="http://s.keim.free.fr/tz/doc.html">Python time zones</a> is a <code>tz</code> binary file reader written in Python. -It is freely available under a BSD-style license.</li> +It is freely available under a <abbr>BSD</abbr>-style license.</li> </ul> <h2>Other <code>tz</code>-based time zone conversion software</h2> <ul> @@ -198,8 +228,8 @@ Microsoft Windows program.</li> <li><a href="http://www.astro.com/cgi/aq.cgi?lang=e">Atlas Query</a> is Astrodienst's Web version of Shanks's excellent time zone history atlases published in both <a -href="http://astrocom.com/software/pcatlas.php">computer</a> and <a -href="http://astrocom.com/books/xrefa.php#SHANKS">book</a> form by <a +href="http://astrocom.com/products/software.php?software_id=ibmwboth">computer +and book form</a> by <a href="http://astrocom.com/">Astro Communications Services</a>.</li> <li><a href="http://worldtime.com/">WORLDTIME: interactive atlas, time info, public holidays</a> @@ -208,14 +238,14 @@ and public holidays in several hundred c <li><a href="http://www.worldtimeserver.com/">World Time Server</a> is another time zone database.</li> <li><a href="http://tycho.usno.navy.mil/tzones.html">World Time Zones</a> -contains data from the Time Service Department of the US Naval Observatory -(USNO), used as the source +contains data from the Time Service Department of the +<abbr>US</abbr> Naval Observatory, used as the source for the <code>usno*</code> files in the <code>tz</code> distribution.</li> <li><a href="http://www.airportcitycodes.com/aaa/">Airlines, Airplanes and Airports</a> lists current standard times for thousands of airports around the world. This seems to be derived from the <a href="http://www.iata.org/ps/publications/9179.htm">Standard -Schedules Information Manual (SSIM)</a> of the +Schedules Information Manual</a> of the the <a href="http://www.iata.org/">International Air Transport Association</a>, which gives current time zone rules for @@ -224,7 +254,8 @@ all the airports served by commercial av <h2>Maps</h2> <ul> <li>The <a href="http://www.odci.gov/">United States Central -Intelligence Agency (CIA)</a> publishes a <a +Intelligence Agency (<abbr +title="Central Intelligence Agency">CIA</abbr>)</a> publishes a <a href="http://www.odci.gov/cia/publications/factbook/reference_maps/pdf/time_zones.pdf">time zone map</a>; the <a @@ -238,19 +269,26 @@ and parts of the data are a few years ou <li><a href="http://worldtimezone.com/">Current time around the world and standard time zones map of the world</a> has several fancy time zone maps; it covers Russia particularly well. -The maps' pictorial quality is not quite as good as the CIA's +The maps' pictorial quality is not quite as good as the +<abbr>CIA</abbr>'s but the maps are more up to date.</li> </ul> <h2>Time zone boundaries</h2> <ul> +<li><a href="http://www.statoids.com/statoids.html">Administrative Divisions +of Countries ("Statoids")</a> contains detailed lists of +<code>tz</code>-related zone subdivision data.</li> <li><a href="http://home-4.tiscali.nl/~t876506/Multizones.html">Time zone boundaries for multizone countries</a> summarizes legal boundaries between time zones within countries.</li> <li>Manifold.net's <a href="http://www.manifold.net/download/freemaps.html">Free Maps and -GIS Data</a> includes a Manifold-format map of world time zone -boundaries distributed under the GPL.</li> -<li>The US Geological Survey's National Atlas of the United States +<acronym title="Geographic Information Systems">GIS</acronym> +Data</a> includes a Manifold-format map of +world time zone boundaries distributed under the +<abbr>GPL</abbr>.</li> +<li>The <abbr>US</abbr> Geological Survey's National Atlas of +the United States publishes the <a href="http://www.nationalatlas.gov/timeznm.html">Time Zones of the United States</a> in the public domain.</li> <li>The GeoCommunity lists several commercial sources for <a @@ -262,8 +300,8 @@ Time Zones and Time Zone Data</a>.</li> <li><a href="http://physics.nist.gov/time">A Walk through Time</a> surveys the evolution of timekeeping.</li> <li><a href="http://webexhibits.org/daylightsaving/">About Daylight -Saving Time - History, rationale, laws and dates</a> -is an overall history of DST.</li> +Saving Time - History, rationale, laws & dates</a> +is an overall history of <abbr>DST</abbr>.</li> <li><a href="http://toi.iriti.cnr.it/">The Time of Internet</a> describes time zones and daylight saving time, @@ -278,10 +316,11 @@ Zone Concepts</a> discusses terminologic <h2>National histories of legal time</h2> <dl> <dt>Australia</dt> -<dd>The Community Relations Division of the New South Wales (NSW) +<dd>The Community Relations Division of the New South Wales +(<abbr title="New South Wales">NSW</abbr>) Attorney General's Department maintains a <a href="http://www.lawlink.nsw.gov.au/crd.nsf/pages/time2">history of -daylight saving in NSW</a>.</dd> +daylight saving in <abbr>NSW</abbr></a>.</dd> <dt>Austria</dt> <dd>The Federal Office of Metrology and Surveying publishes a table of <a href="http://www.metrologie.at/pdf/sommerzeit.pdf" @@ -350,40 +389,59 @@ of summer time dates</a>.</dd> href="http://literature.agilent.com/litwebbin/purl.cgi?org_id=tmo&pub_id=5965-7984E">The Science of Timekeeping</a> is a thorough introduction to the theory and practice of precision timekeeping.</li> -<li><a href="http://www.ntp.org/">NTP: The Network Time Protocol</a> +<li><a href="http://www.ntp.org/"><abbr +title="Network Time Protocol">NTP</abbr>: The Network +Time Protocol</a> discusses how to synchronize clocks of Internet hosts.</li> -<li><a href="http://gauss.gge.unb.ca/GMT.UT.and.the.RGO.txt" -charset="macintosh">A -Few Facts Concerning GMT, UT, and the RGO</a> -answers questions like "What is the difference between GMT and UTC?"</li> +<li><a href="http://gauss.gge.unb.ca/GMT.UT.and.the.RGO.html">A Few +Facts Concerning <abbr title="Greenwich Mean Time">GMT</abbr>, <abbr +title="Universal Time">UT</abbr>, and +the <abbr title="Royal Greenwich Observatory">RGO</abbr></a> +answers questions like "What is the +difference between <abbr>GMT</abbr> and <abbr>UTC</abbr>?"</li> <li><a href="http://www.gb.nrao.edu/~rfisher/Ephemerides/times.html">Astronomical -Times</a> explains more abstruse astronomical time scales like TT, TCG, -and TDB.</li> -<li>The <a href="http://www.iau.org/">IAU</a>'s <a -href="http://www.iau-sofa.rl.ac.uk/">Standards Of Fundamental -Astronomy</a> (SOFA) initiative publishes Fortran code for converting -among time scales like TAI, TDB, TT and UTC.</li> +Times</a> explains more abstruse astronomical time scales like +<abbr title="Terrestrial Dynamic Time">TDT</abbr>, +<abbr title="Geocentric Coordinate Time">TCG</abbr>, and +<abbr title="Barycentric Dynamic Time">TDB</abbr>.</li> +<li>The <a href="http://www.iau.org/"><abbr +title="International Astronomical Union">IAU</abbr></a>'s <a +href="http://www.iau-sofa.rl.ac.uk/"><acronym +title="Standards Of Fundamental Astronomy">SOFA</acronym></a> +initiative publishes Fortran +code for converting among time scales like +<abbr title="International Atomic Time">TAI</abbr>, +<abbr>TDB</abbr>, <abbr>TDT</abbr> and +<abbr>UTC</abbr>.</li> <li><a href="http://www.jpl.nasa.gov/basics/bsf2-3.htm">Basics of Space Flight - Reference Systems - Time Conventions</a> briefly explains interplanetary space flight timekeeping.</li> <li><a href="http://www.giss.nasa.gov/tools/mars24/help/notes.html">Technical Notes on Mars Solar Time as Adopted by the Mars24 Sunclock</a> briefly -describes Mars Coordinated Time (MTC) and the diverse local time +describes Mars Coordinated Time (<abbr +title="Mars Coordinated Time">MTC</abbr>) and the +diverse local time scales used by each landed mission on Mars.</li> <li><a href="http://hpiers.obspm.fr/eop-pc/products/bulletins/bulletins.html">Bulletins -maintained by the IERS EOP (PC)</a> contains official publications of +maintained by the +<abbr title="International Earth Rotation Service">IERS</abbr> +<abbr title="Earth Orientation Parameters">EOP</abbr> +(<abbr title="Product Center">PC</abbr>)</a> contains official publications of the Earth Orientation Parameters Product Center of the International Earth Rotation Service, the committee that decides when leap seconds occur.</li> <li>The <a href="http://www.mail-archive.com/leapsecs@rom.usno.navy.mil/">Leap -Second Discussion List</a> covers McCarthy and Klepczynski's proposal -to discontinue leap seconds, published in <a -href="http://www.gpsworld.com/">GPS World</a> <strong>10</strong>, 11 +Second Discussion List</a> covers <a +href="http://gauss.gge.unb.ca/papers.pdf/gpsworld.november99.pdf">McCarthy +and Klepczynski's proposal to discontinue leap seconds</a>, published in <a +href="http://www.gpsworld.com/"><abbr +title="Global Positioning System">GPS</abbr> World</a> +<strong>10</strong>, 11 (1999-11), 50–57 and discussed further in R. A. Nelson et al., <a href="http://www.cl.cam.ac.uk/~mgk25/time/metrologia-leapsecond.pdf">The leap second: its history and possible future</a>, @@ -398,47 +456,46 @@ contentious issue.</li> <li> <a href="http://www.cl.cam.ac.uk/~mgk25/iso-time.html">A Summary of the International Standard Date and Time Notation</a> is a good -summary of ISO +summary of <abbr title="International Organization for Standardization">ISO</abbr> 8601:1988 - Data elements and interchange formats - Information interchange - Representation of dates and times (which has been superseded by -<a href="http://www.iso.org/iso/en/CatalogueDetailPage.CatalogueDetail?CSNUMBER=26780">ISO 8601:2000</a>).</li> -<li> -Section 3.3 of <a -href="ftp://ftp.rfc-editor.org/in-notes/rfc2822.txt">Internet RFC 2822</a> -specifies the time notation used in email and <a -href="ftp://ftp.rfc-editor.org/in-notes/rfc2616.txt">HTTP</a> headers.</li> -<li> -<a href="ftp://ftp.rfc-editor.org/in-notes/rfc3339.txt">Internet RFC -3339</a> specifies an ISO 8601 profile for use in new Internet -protocols.</li> -<li> -<a href="http://www.exit109.com/~ghealton/y2k/yrexamples.html">The -Best of Dates, the Worst of Dates</a> covers many problems encountered -by software developers when handling dates and time stamps.</li> -<li><a +<a +href="http://www.iso.org/iso/en/CatalogueDetailPage.CatalogueDetail?CSNUMBER=26780"><abbr>ISO</abbr> +8601:2000</a>).</li> <li> Section 3.3 of <a +href="ftp://ftp.rfc-editor.org/in-notes/rfc2822.txt">Internet +<abbr title="Request For Comments">RFC</abbr> 2822</a> +specifies the time notation used in +email and <a +href="ftp://ftp.rfc-editor.org/in-notes/rfc2616.txt"><abbr>HTTP</abbr></a> +headers.</li> <li> <a +href="ftp://ftp.rfc-editor.org/in-notes/rfc3339.txt">Internet +<abbr>RFC</abbr> 3339</a> specifies an <abbr>ISO</abbr> 8601 +profile for use in new Internet protocols.</li> <li> <a +href="http://www.exit109.com/~ghealton/y2k/yrexamples.html">The Best +of Dates, the Worst of Dates</a> covers many problems encountered by +software developers when handling dates and time stamps.</li> <li><a href="http://oss.software.ibm.com/cvs/icu/~checkout~/icuhtml/design/formatting/time_zone_localization.html">Time Zone Localization</a> is a proposed mechanism for localizing time zone labels and abbreviations; for example, one might use it to specify -Russian translations for "Eastern European Summer Time", "EEST", and -<code>Europe/Bucharest</code>.</li> -<li> -Alphabetic time zone abbreviations should not be used as unique -identifiers for UTC offsets as they are ambiguous in practice. For -example, "EST" denotes 5 hours behind UTC in English-speaking North -America, but it denotes 10 or 11 hours ahead of UTC in Australia; -and French-speaking North Americans prefer "HNE" to "EST". For -compatibility with <a href="http://www.pasc.org/#POSIX">POSIX</a> the -<code>tz</code> database contains English abbreviations for all time -stamps but in many cases these are merely inventions of the database -maintainers.</li> -</ul> -<h2>Related indexes</h2> -<ul> -<li><a href="tz-art.htm">Time and the Arts</a></li> -<li><a href="http://dmoz.org/Reference/Time/">Open Directory - -Reference: Time</a></li> -<li><a href="http://directory.google.com/Top/Reference/Time/">Google Directory - Reference > Time</a></li> -<li><a href="http://dir.yahoo.com/Science/Measurements_and_Units/Time/">Yahoo! Science > Measurements and Units > Time</a></li> -</ul> -</body> +Russian translations for "Eastern European Summer Time", +"<abbr title="Eastern European Summer Time">EEST</abbr>", +and <code>Europe/Bucharest</code>.</li> +<li> Alphabetic time zone abbreviations should not be used as unique +identifiers for <abbr>UTC</abbr> offsets as they are ambiguous in +practice. For example, "<abbr>EST</abbr>" denotes 5 hours behind +<abbr>UTC</abbr> in English-speaking North America, but it denotes 10 +or 11 hours ahead of <abbr>UTC</abbr> in Australia; and +French-speaking North Americans prefer +"<abbr title="Heure Normale de l'Est">HNE</abbr>" to +"<abbr>EST</abbr>". For <abbr>POSIX</abbr> the <code>tz</code> +database contains English abbreviations for all time stamps but in +many cases these are merely inventions of the database +maintainers.</li> </ul> <h2>Related indexes</h2> <ul> <li><a +href="tz-art.htm">Time and the Arts</a></li> <li><a +href="http://dmoz.org/Reference/Time/">Open Directory - Reference: +Time</a></li> <li><a +href="http://directory.google.com/Top/Reference/Time/">Google +Directory - Reference > Time</a></li> <li><a +href="http://dir.yahoo.com/Science/Measurements_and_Units/Time/">Yahoo! +Science > Measurements and Units > Time</a></li> </ul> </body> </html>