I have tried to collect information about all changes in the counting of time in Latvia. I asked about this matter Scientific Secretary of the Institute of Astronomy of The University of Latvia Dr. paed Mr. Ilgonis Vilks. I also searched the correct data in juridical acts and I found some juridical documents about changes in the counting of time in Latvia from 1981: - Act No.35 of the Council of Ministers of Latvian SSR of 22 January,1981 on the order of counting of time on the territory of Latvian SSR; - Act No.592 of the Council of Ministers of Latvian SSR of 24 September, 1984 on changes in the Act No.35 of the Council of Ministers of Latvian SSR of 22 January,1981 on the order of counting of time on the territory of Latvian SSR; - Act No.81 of the Council of Ministers of Latvian SSR of 22 March,1989 on the changes of counting of time on the territory of Latvian SSR; - Regulations of the Cabinet of Ministers of the Republic of Latvia of 21 January, 1997 on transition to Summer time. Act No.35 of the Council of Ministers of Latvian SSR of 22 January,1981 on the order of counting of time on the territory of Latvian SSR according to the Act No. 925 of the Council of Ministers of USSR of 24 October, 1980 established such order of counting of time: all year round the time of 2nd time zona + 1 hour, in addition turning the hands of the clock 1 hour forward on the 1st April at 0.00 o'clock (GMT 31st March 21:00) and 1 hour backward on the 1st October at 0.00 o'clock (GMT 30 September 20:00). Act No.592 of the Council of Ministers of Latvian SSR of 24 September, 1984 on changes in the Act No.35 of the Council of Ministers of Latvian SSR of 22 January,1981 on the order of counting of time on the territory of Latvian SSR according to the Act No. 967 of the Council of Ministers of USSR of 13 September, 1984 established such order of counting of time on the territory of Latvian SSR: all year round the time of 2nd time zona + 1 hour, in addition turning the hands of the clock 1 hour forward on the last Sunday of March at 02.00 o'clock (GMT 23:00 on the previous day) and 1 hour backward on the last Sunday of September at 03.00 o'clock (GMT 23:00 on the previous day). Act No.81 of the Council of Ministers of Latvian SSR of 22 March,1989 on the changes of counting of time on the territory of Latvian SSR according to the Act No. 227 of the Council of Ministers of USSR of 14 March, 1989 established such order of counting of time: since the last Sunday of March, 1989 in Lithuanian SSR, Latvian SSR, Estonian SSR and Kaliningrad region of Russian Federation all year round the time of 2nd time zona (Moscow time minus one hour). On the territory of Latvia transition to summer time is performed on the last Sunday of March at 02.00 o'clock (GMT 0:00), turning the hands of the clock 1 hour forward . The end of daylight saving time is performed on the last Sunday of September at 03.00 o'clock (GMT 0:00), turning the hands of the clock 1 hour backward. Exception is 26 March of 1989, when we must not turn the hands of the clock. According the Act No.81 of the Council of Ministers of Latvian SSR of 22 March,1989 Act No.35 of the Council of Ministers of Latvian SSR of 22 January,1981 and Act No.592 of the Council of Ministers of Latvian SSR of 24 September, 1984 lost validity. In 1996, when the European Union changed the end of daylight savings time to the last Sunday of October, Latvia had not changed the end of daylight savings time. And this is pardonable for Latvia, because it is not a member - state of the European Union. Latvia changed the end of daylight savings time to the last Sunday of October only in 1997. Then were accepted the Regulations of the Cabinet of Ministers of the Republic of Latvia of 21 January, 1997 on transition to Summer time. According these regulations Act No.81 of the Council of Ministers of Latvian SSR of 22 March,1989 lost validity and was established the same order of daylight savings time settings as in the States of the European Union. From the 1997 Latvia changes from Winter time to Summer time on the last Sunday of March at 3 a.m.(Latvian time) or 1.00 GMT. It changes from Summer time to Winter time on the last Sunday of October at 4 a.m. (Latvian time) or 1 GMT. Here are exact data for Latvia in the period from 1981. |--------------+--------------+--------------+--------------> |The date when |The hour (GMT)|The character |Time offset | |time changes |when time |of time |from GMT for | |were performed|changes were |changes |the Republic | | |performed | |of Latvia | |--------------+--------------+--------------+-------------->

--------------| |Time offset | |from GMT for | |Moscow | |(Russia) | --------------| |--------------+--------------+--------------+--------------> |31st March, | 21:00 |(+1 h Summer | 4 hours | |1981 | |time) | | |--------------+--------------+--------------+--------------> --------------| | 4 hours | --------------| |--------------+--------------+--------------+--------------> |30 September, | 20:00 | (-1 h Summer | 3 hours | |1981 | |time) | | |--------------+--------------+--------------+--------------> --------------| | 3 hours | --------------| |--------------+--------------+--------------+--------------> |31 st March, | 21:00 |(+1 h Summer | 4 hours | |1982 | |time) | | |--------------+--------------+--------------+--------------> --------------| | 4 hours | --------------| |--------------+--------------+--------------+--------------> |30 September, | 20:00 |(-1 h Summer | 3 hours | |1982 | |time) | | |--------------+--------------+--------------+--------------> --------------| | 3 hours | --------------| |--------------+--------------+--------------+--------------> |31 st March, | 21:00 |(+1 h Summer | 4 hours | |1983 | |time) | | |--------------+--------------+--------------+--------------> --------------| | 4 hours | --------------| |--------------+--------------+--------------+--------------> |30 September,| 20:00 |(-1 h Summer | 3 hours | |1983 | |time) | | |--------------+--------------+--------------+--------------> --------------| | 3 hours | --------------| |--------------+--------------+--------------+--------------> |31 st March, | 21:00 |(+1 h Summer | 4 hours | |1984 | |time) | | |--------------+--------------+--------------+--------------> --------------| | 4 hours | --------------| |--------------+--------------+--------------+--------------> |29 September, | 23:00 |(-1 h Summer | 3 hours | |1984 | |time) | | |--------------+--------------+--------------+--------------> --------------| | 3 hours | --------------| |--------------+--------------+--------------+--------------> |30 th March, | 23:00 | (+1 h Summer | 4 hours | |1985 | |time) | | |--------------+--------------+--------------+--------------> --------------| | 4 hours | --------------| |--------------+--------------+--------------+--------------> |28 September,| 23:00 |(-1 h Summer | 3 hours | |1985 | |time) | | |--------------+--------------+--------------+--------------> --------------| | 3 hours | --------------| |--------------+--------------+--------------+--------------> |29 th March, | 23:00 |(+1 h Summer | 4 hours | |1986 | |time) | | |--------------+--------------+--------------+--------------> --------------| | 4 hours | --------------| |--------------+--------------+--------------+--------------> |27 September, | 23:00 |(-1 h Summer | 3 hours | |1986 | |time) | | |--------------+--------------+--------------+--------------> --------------| | 3 hours | --------------| |--------------+--------------+--------------+--------------> |28 th March, | 23:00 |(+1 h Summer | 4 hours | |1987 | |time) | | |--------------+--------------+--------------+--------------> --------------| | 4 hours | --------------| |--------------+--------------+--------------+--------------> |26 September, | 23:00 |(-1 h Summer | 3 hours | |1987 | |time) | | |--------------+--------------+--------------+--------------> --------------| | 3 hours | --------------| |--------------+--------------+--------------+--------------> |26 th March, | 23:00 |(+1 h Summer | 4 hours | |1988 | |time) | | |--------------+--------------+--------------+--------------> --------------| | 4 hours | --------------| |--------------+--------------+--------------+--------------> |24 September, | 23:00 |(-1 h Summer | 3 hours | |1988 | |time) | | |--------------+--------------+--------------+--------------> --------------| | 3 hours | --------------| |--------------+--------------+--------------+--------------> |25 th March, | 23:00 |(+1 h Summer | | |1989 | |time in all | 3 hours | | | |territory of | | | | |USSR and -1 | | | | |hour in | | | | |Latvia, | | | | |Lithuania and | | | | |Estonia) | | |--------------+--------------+--------------+--------------> --------------| | | | 4 hours | --------------|

|--------------+--------------+--------------+--------------> |24 September, | 0:00 |(-1 h Summer | 2 hours | |1989 | |time) | | |--------------+--------------+--------------+-------------->

--------------| | 3 hours | --------------| |--------------+--------------+--------------+--------------> |24 th March, | 0:00 |(+1 h Summer | 3 hours | |1990 | |time) | | |--------------+--------------+--------------+--------------> --------------| | 4 hours | --------------| |--------------+--------------+--------------+--------------> |29 September, | 0:00 |(-1 h Summer | 2 hours | |1990 | |time) | | |--------------+--------------+--------------+--------------> --------------| | 3 hours | --------------| |--------------+--------------+--------------+--------------> |30 th March, | 0:00 |(-1 h Decree | 3 hours | |1991 | |time in | | | | |Russia, but | | | | |not in Latvia | | | | |and +1 h | | | | |Summer time in| | | | |both states) | | |--------------+--------------+--------------+--------------> --------------| | 3 hours | --------------| |--------------+--------------+--------------+--------------> |29 September, | 0:00 |(-1 h Summer | 2 hours | |1991 | |time), | | | | | | | |--------------+--------------+--------------+--------------> --------------| | 2 hours | --------------| |--------------+--------------+--------------+--------------> |19 th January,| 01:00 |(+ 1 h Decree | 2 hours | |1992 | |time in | | | | |Russia, but no| | | | |changes in | | | | |Latvia) | | |--------------+--------------+--------------+--------------> --------------| | 3 hours | --------------| |--------------+--------------+--------------+--------------> |28 th March, | 0:00 |(+1 h Summer | 3 hours | |1992 | |time) | | |--------------+--------------+--------------+--------------> --------------| | 4 hours | --------------| |--------------+--------------+--------------+--------------> |26 September, | 0:00 |(-1 h Summer | 2 hours | |1992 | |time) | | |--------------+--------------+--------------+--------------> --------------| | 3 hours | --------------| |--------------+--------------+--------------+--------------> |27 th March, | 0:00 |(+1 h Summer | 3 hours | |1993 | |time) | | |--------------+--------------+--------------+--------------> --------------| | 4 hours | --------------| |--------------+--------------+--------------+--------------> |25 September, | 0:00 |(-1 h Summer | 2 hours | |1993 | |time) | | |--------------+--------------+--------------+--------------> --------------| | 3 hours | --------------| |--------------+--------------+--------------+--------------> |26 th March, | 0:00 |(+1 h Summer | 3 hours | |1994 | |time) | | |--------------+--------------+--------------+--------------> --------------| | 4 hours | --------------| |--------------+--------------+--------------+--------------> |24 September, | 0:00 |(-1 h Summer | 2 hours | |1994 | |time) | | |--------------+--------------+--------------+--------------> --------------| | 3 hours | --------------| |--------------+--------------+--------------+--------------> |25 th March, | 0:00 |(+1 h Summer | 3 hours | |1995 | |time) | | |--------------+--------------+--------------+--------------> --------------| | 4 hours | --------------| |--------------+--------------+--------------+--------------> |23 September, | 0:00 |(-1 h Summer | 2 hours | |1995 | |time) | | |--------------+--------------+--------------+--------------> --------------| | 3 hours | --------------| |--------------+--------------+--------------+--------------> |30 th March, | 0:00 |(+1 h Summer | 3 hours | |1996 | |time) | | |--------------+--------------+--------------+--------------> --------------| | 4 hours | --------------| |--------------+--------------+--------------+--------------> |28 September, | 0:00 |(-1 h Summer | 2 hours | |1996 | |time) | | |--------------+--------------+--------------+--------------> --------------| | 3 hours | --------------| |--------------+--------------+--------------+--------------> |30 th March, | 01:00 |(+1 h Summer | 3 hours | |1997 | |time) | | |--------------+--------------+--------------+--------------> --------------| | 4 hours | --------------| |--------------+--------------+--------------+--------------> |26 October, | 01:00 |(-1 h Summer | 2 hours | |1997 | |time) | | |--------------+--------------+--------------+--------------> --------------| | 3 hours | --------------| |--------------+--------------+--------------+--------------> |29 th March, | 01:00 |(+1 h Summer | 3 hours | |1998 | |time) | | |--------------+--------------+--------------+--------------> --------------| | 4 hours | --------------| |--------------+--------------+--------------+--------------> |25 October, | 01:00 |(-1 h Summer | 2 hours | |1998 | |time) | | |--------------+--------------+--------------+--------------> --------------| | 3 hours | --------------| |--------------+--------------+--------------+--------------> |28 th March, | 01:00 |(+1 h Summer | 3 hours | |1999 | |time) | | |--------------+--------------+--------------+--------------> --------------| | 4 hours | --------------| |--------------+--------------+--------------+--------------> |31 October, | 01:00 |(-1 h Summer | 2 hours | |1999 | |time) | | |--------------+--------------+--------------+--------------> --------------| | 3 hours | --------------|

In the period from the end of the Second World War on the territory of Latvia (13 October, 1944 for Riga) until the 31st March, 1981, GMT 21:00 the time offset from GMT for Latvia was 3 hours. It seems, that before 13 October, 1944 it was 2 hours, except the period, when Latvia was incorporated in the Soviet Union (approximatly from 05 August, 1940 until 21 June, 1941) and the period, when during the Second World War Latvia was occupied by Germany. If I find the more correct data about the time offset from GMT for Latvia in the period before 1944, I will mail You. With the best regards from The Republic of Latvia, Riga Liene Kanepe