Below find a first pass at changes to "zone.tabb" and "asia" to handle Uyghur variants of time in China. The basic approach is to have zones with Han-based names for the rules used by Han, and zones with Uyghur-based names for the rules used by Uyghur. --ado ------- zone.tab ------- *** /tmp/geta21843 Sat Nov 21 10:34:46 2009 --- /tmp/getb21843 Sat Nov 21 10:34:46 2009 *************** *** 1,5 **** # <pre> ! # @(#)zone.tab 8.29 # This file is in the public domain, so clarified as of # 2009-05-17 by Arthur David Olson. # --- 1,5 ---- # <pre> ! # @(#)zone.tab 8.30 # This file is in the public domain, so clarified as of # 2009-05-17 by Arthur David Olson. # *************** *** 148,155 **** CN +3114+12128 Asia/Shanghai east China - Beijing, Guangdong, Shanghai, etc. CN +4545+12641 Asia/Harbin Heilongjiang (except Mohe), Jilin CN +2934+10635 Asia/Chongqing central China - Sichuan, Yunnan, Guangxi, Shaanxi, Guizhou, etc. ! CN +4348+08735 Asia/Urumqi most of Tibet & Xinjiang ! CN +3929+07559 Asia/Kashgar west Tibet & Xinjiang CO +0436-07405 America/Bogota CR +0956-08405 America/Costa_Rica CU +2308-08222 America/Havana --- 148,157 ---- CN +3114+12128 Asia/Shanghai east China - Beijing, Guangdong, Shanghai, etc. CN +4545+12641 Asia/Harbin Heilongjiang (except Mohe), Jilin CN +2934+10635 Asia/Chongqing central China - Sichuan, Yunnan, Guangxi, Shaanxi, Guizhou, etc. ! CN +4348+08735 Asia/Urumqi most of Tibet & Xinjiang (offset 6 hours from UTC as base) ! CN +4348+08735 Asia/Wulumuqi most of Tibet & Xinjiang (using Beijing time) ! CN +3929+07559 Asia/Kashgar west Tibet & Xinjiang (offset 6 hours from UTC as base) ! CN +3929+07559 Asia/Kashi west Tibet & Xinjiang (using Beijing time) CO +0436-07405 America/Bogota CR +0956-08405 America/Costa_Rica CU +2308-08222 America/Havana ------- asia ------- *** /tmp/geta21865 Sat Nov 21 10:35:09 2009 --- /tmp/getb21865 Sat Nov 21 10:35:09 2009 *************** *** 1,4 **** ! # @(#)asia 8.44 # This file is in the public domain, so clarified as of # 2009-05-17 by Arthur David Olson. --- 1,4 ---- ! # @(#)asia 8.45 # This file is in the public domain, so clarified as of # 2009-05-17 by Arthur David Olson. *************** *** 355,374 **** # Wusu, Qiemo, Xinyan, Wulanwusu, Jinghe, Yumin, Tacheng, Tuoli, Emin, # Shihezi, Changji, Yanqi, Heshuo, Tuokexun, Tulufan, Shanshan, Hami, # Fukang, Kuitun, Kumukuli, Miquan, Qitai, and Turfan. ! Zone Asia/Urumqi 5:50:20 - LMT 1928 # or Urumchi ! 6:00 - URUT 1980 May # Urumqi Time ! 8:00 PRC C%sT # Kunlun Time # West Tibet, including Pulan, Aheqi, Shufu, Shule; # West Xinjiang, including Aksu, Atushi, Yining, Hetian, Cele, Luopu, Nileke, # Zhaosu, Tekesi, Gongliu, Chabuchaer, Huocheng, Bole, Pishan, Suiding, # and Yarkand. ! Zone Asia/Kashgar 5:03:56 - LMT 1928 # or Kashi or Kaxgar ! 5:30 - KAST 1940 # Kashgar Time 5:00 - KAST 1980 May 8:00 PRC C%sT # From Lee Yiu Chung (2009-10-24): # I found there are some mistakes for the historial DST rule for Hong # Kong. Accoring to the DST record from Hong Kong Observatory (actually, --- 355,456 ---- # Wusu, Qiemo, Xinyan, Wulanwusu, Jinghe, Yumin, Tacheng, Tuoli, Emin, # Shihezi, Changji, Yanqi, Heshuo, Tuokexun, Tulufan, Shanshan, Hami, # Fukang, Kuitun, Kumukuli, Miquan, Qitai, and Turfan. ! # Kunlun Time # West Tibet, including Pulan, Aheqi, Shufu, Shule; # West Xinjiang, including Aksu, Atushi, Yining, Hetian, Cele, Luopu, Nileke, # Zhaosu, Tekesi, Gongliu, Chabuchaer, Huocheng, Bole, Pishan, Suiding, # and Yarkand. ! ! # From Luther Ma (2009-10-17): ! # Almost all (>99.9%) ethnic Chinese (properly ethnic Han) living in ! # Xinjiang use Chinese Standard Time. Some are aware of Xinjiang time, ! # but have no need of it. All planes, trains, and schools function on ! # what is called "Beijing time." When Han make an appointment in Chinese ! # they implicitly use Beijing time. ! # ! # On the other hand, ethnic Uyghurs, who make up about half the ! # population of Xinjiang, typically use "Xinjiang time" which is two ! # hours behind Beijing time, or UTC +0600. The government of the Xinjiang ! # Uyghur Autonomous Region, (XAUR, or just Xinjiang for short) as well as ! # local governments such as the Urumqi city government use both times in ! # publications, referring to what is popularly called Xinjiang time as ! # "Urumqi time." When Uyghurs make an appointment in the Uyghur language ! # they almost invariably use Xinjiang time. ! # ! # (Their ethnic Han compatriots would typically have no clue of its ! # widespread use, however, because so extremely few of them are fluent in ! # Uyghur, comparable to the number of Anglo-Americans fluent in Navajo.) ! # ! # (...As with the rest of China there was a brief interval ending in 1990 ! # or 1991 when summer time was in use. The confusion was severe, with ! # the province not having dual times but four times in use at the same ! # time. Some areas remained on standard Xinjiang time or Beijing time and ! # others moving their clocks ahead.) ! # ! # ...an example of an official website using of Urumqi time. ! # ! # The first few lines of the Google translation of ! # <a href="http://www.fjysgl.gov.cn/show.aspx?id=2379&cid=39"> ! # http://www.fjysgl.gov.cn/show.aspx?id=2379&cid=39 ! # </a> ! # (retrieved 2009-10-13) ! # > Urumqi fire seven people are missing the alleged losses of at least ! # > 500 million yuan ! # > ! # > (Reporter Dong Liu) the day before 20:20 or so (Urumqi Time 18:20), ! # > Urumqi City Department of International Plaza Luther Qiantang River ! # > burst fire. As of yesterday, 18:30, Urumqi City Fire officers and men ! # > have worked continuously for 22 hours... ! ! # From Luther Ma (2009-11-19): ! # With the risk of being redundant to previous answers these are the most common ! # English "transliterations" (w/o using non-English symbols): ! # ! # 1. Wulumuqi... ! # 2. Kashi... ! # 3. Urumqi... ! # 4. Kashgar... ! # ... ! # 5. It seems that Uyghurs in Urumqi has been using Xinjiang since at least the ! # 1960's. I know of one Han, now over 50, who grew up in the surrounding ! # countryside and used Xinjiang time as a child. ! # ! # 6. Likewise for Kashgar and the rest of south Xinjiang I don't know of any ! # start date for Xinjiang time. ! # ! # Without having access to local historical records, nor the ability to legally ! # publish them, I would go with October 1, 1949, when Xinjiang became the Uyghur ! # Autonomous Region under the PRC. (Before that Uyghurs, of course, would also ! # not be using Beijing time, but some local time.) ! ! # From Arthur David Olson (2009-11-21) ! # Use English transliterations of Han names of cities for names of zones using Han approaches; ! # use English transliterations of Uyghur names of cities for names of zones using Uyghur approaches. ! # Since (reportedly) at least some Uyghur have observed Beijing DST rules, ! # use PRC rules for Uyghur zones. ! ! # First the Han... ! ! Zone Asia/Wulumuqi 5:50:20 - LMT 1928 ! 6:00 - WULT 1980 May # Wulumuqi Time ! 8:00 PRC C%sT ! ! Zone Asia/Kashi 5:03:56 - LMT 1928 ! 5:30 - KAST 1940 # Kashi time 5:00 - KAST 1980 May 8:00 PRC C%sT + # ...and then the Uyghur... + Zone Asia/Urumqi 5:50:20 - LMT 1928 # or Urumchi + 6:00 PRC XIN%sT # Xinjiang Time + + Zone Asia/Kashgar 5:03:56 - LMT 1928 + 5:30 - KAST 1940 # Kashgar time + 5:00 - KAST 1949 Oct 1 + 6:00 PRC XIN%sT # Xinjiang Time + # From Lee Yiu Chung (2009-10-24): # I found there are some mistakes for the historial DST rule for Hong # Kong. Accoring to the DST record from Hong Kong Observatory (actually,
At the tail end of the diff, in the context, it says: # I found there are some mistakes for the historial DST rule for Hong # Kong. Accoring to the DST record from Hong Kong Observatory (actually, Should that be 'historical' and 'According'? On Sat, Nov 21, 2009 at 7:43 AM, Arthur David Olson < olsona@elsie.nci.nih.gov> wrote:
Below find a first pass at changes to "zone.tabb" and "asia" to handle Uyghur variants of time in China. [...snip...] + 6:00 PRC XIN%sT # Xinjiang Time + # From Lee Yiu Chung (2009-10-24): # I found there are some mistakes for the historial DST rule for Hong # Kong. Accoring to the DST record from Hong Kong Observatory (actually,
-- Jonathan Leffler <jonathan.leffler@gmail.com> #include <disclaimer.h> Guardian of DBD::Informix - v2008.0513 - http://dbi.perl.org "Blessed are we who can laugh at ourselves, for we shall never cease to be amused."
A solomonic decision. I believe this fits the situation on the ground, assuming that "Asia/Urumqi" and "Asia/Wulumuqi" refer primarily to geo- social units rather than names of time zones. The only thing I am puzzling about is the nomenclature XINST and XINDT. Partial to somethings with XJ but realize you somehow have to accommodate summer time. Thanks, -mld ps1 Will try to provide any more historical information whenever it becomes available to me. ps And for the record, Kashgar in the Uyghur Latin script should be corrected from Ķəxķər to Ⱪəxⱪər. (I don't know how well that will come across in mail readers.) Thanks for setting me straight and for the pointers! On Nov 21, 2009, at 9:43 PM, Arthur David Olson wrote:
Zone Asia/Urumqi 5:50:20 - LMT 1928 # or Urumchi + 6:00 PRC XIN%sT # Xinjiang Time + + Zone Asia/Kashgar 5:03:56 - LMT 1928 + 5:30 - KAST 1940 # Kashgar time + 5:00 - KAST 1949 Oct 1 + 6:00 PRC XIN%sT # Xinjiang Time + # From Lee Yiu Chung (2009-10-24): # I found there are some mistakes for the historial DST rule for Hong # Kong. Accoring to the DST record from Hong Kong Observatory (actually,
On further reflection I wonder if "Uyghur time" as opposed to "Han time" is really what you want. In both the Uyghur and Chinese languages the distinction is between Beijing time on one hand and Xinjiang (or Urumqi) time on the other. And while it is true that ethnicity and therefore culture largely determines which time one uses in XJ, putting ethnic labels on the time zones may be somewhat divisive in an already very unhappy and divisive time. (Hence my allusion to Solomon's decision.) I thought only to point out that there is a time zone in use (and quite widely used) that generally isn't represented on computers, even though it has been in use as long as computers have been using time zones. Forgive me if I missed some other factors that need to be taken into account. Thanks again, -LuDe (Luther) Ma On Nov 21, 2009, at 9:43 PM, Arthur David Olson wrote:
Below find a first pass at changes to "zone.tabb" and "asia" to handle Uyghur variants of time in China. The basic approach is to have zones with Han-based names for the rules used by Han, and zones with Uyghur-based names for the rules used by Uyghur.
I have heard the distinction referred to as the distinction between 'official' time (for schools, gov't offices, railways etc) and 'local' time (for village markets, businesses perhaps, personal appointments). We already have a timezone IIRC for the official time Asia/PRC - all we need is the two local times. Calling those by the standard English name of that city would be most logical? Tim Apologies for brevity: typed on a tiny keyboard. On 26 Nov 2009, at 03:23, Luther Ma <ma.lude.xj@gmail.com> wrote:
On further reflection I wonder if "Uyghur time" as opposed to "Han time" is really what you want. In both the Uyghur and Chinese languages the distinction is between Beijing time on one hand and Xinjiang (or Urumqi) time on the other. And while it is true that ethnicity and therefore culture largely determines which time one uses in XJ, putting ethnic labels on the time zones may be somewhat divisive in an already very unhappy and divisive time. (Hence my allusion to Solomon's decision.)
I thought only to point out that there is a time zone in use (and quite widely used) that generally isn't represented on computers, even though it has been in use as long as computers have been using time zones. Forgive me if I missed some other factors that need to be taken into account.
Thanks again, -LuDe (Luther) Ma
On Nov 21, 2009, at 9:43 PM, Arthur David Olson wrote:
Below find a first pass at changes to "zone.tabb" and "asia" to handle Uyghur variants of time in China. The basic approach is to have zones with Han-based names for the rules used by Han, and zones with Uyghur-based names for the rules used by Uyghur.
The list of timezones of the regions of the Russian Republic of Sakha should be changed in the comments of the TZ 'europe' file. The names of the Sakha regions were determined by someone (not me) in 2003, but according to: http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Sakha_time_zones.png some regions (called 'ulusy', singular 'ulus') are not in the UTC+9 timezone, but in UTC+10 or UTC+11. A corrected list of the Sakha zones is: YAKT/YAKST: UTC+9 The Sakha districts are: Aldanskij, Amginskij, Anabarskij, Verkhnevilyujskij, Vilyujskij, Gornyj, Zhiganskij, Kobyajskij, Lenskij, Megino-Kangalasskij, Mirninskij, Namskij, Nyurbinskij, Olenyokskij, Olyokminskij, Suntarskij, Tattinskij, Ust'-Aldanskij, Khangalasskij, Churapchinskij, Eveno-Bytantajskij Natsional'nij. VLAT/VLAST: UTC+10 The Sakha districts are: Bulunskij, Verkhoyanskij, Tomponskij, Ust'-Majskij, Ust'-Yanskij. MAGT/MAGST: UTC+11 The Sakha districts are: Abyjskij, Allaikhovskij, Verkhnekolymskij, Momskij, Nizhnekolymskij, Ojmyakonskij, Srednekolymskij. Another point: some regions of Russia were merged with others since 2005. See: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Federal_subjects_of_Russia Some names were changed, no big deal, except for one instance: a new name. YAKT/YAKST: UTC+9 Zabajkal'skij kraj This name should be added to the list in the comments. This 'kraj' is the merger of the Aginskij Buryatskij avtonomnyj okrug and the Chitinskaya oblast'. These names and the rest of the names can be left as they are in the comments. A complete list of the Russian zones (and others) can be found at my page: http://home-4.tiscali.nl/~t876506/Multizones.html Oscar van Vlijmen
participants (5)
-
Arthur David Olson -
Jonathan Leffler -
Luther Ma -
OvV_HN -
Tim Diggins