FW: Brazil zoneinfo corrections.
Rodrigo Severo has been added to the time zone mailing list since this message was received. --ado -----Original Message----- From: Rodrigo Severo [mailto:rodrigo.lists@fabricadeideias.com] Sent: Thursday, October 16, 2003 7:31 PM To: tz@lecserver.nci.nih.gov Subject: Brazil zoneinfo corrections. Dear list, First of all, I would like to apologize for the confusion I might have caused with my previous emails. The corrections for the brazilian rules and zones I sent where already included in tzdata. I hope this haven't created any problems. Now I send another set of corrections for the brazilian tz data. I have just finished a full review of its rules and zoneinfo from the decrees list at the Brazilian National Observatory (main source of time info in Brazil, the same source already used by previous authors) with the following problems identified and corrected: 1. The effects of decrees 52700 (1963-10-18) and 53071 (1963-12-03) weren't correctly represented by the data as what they really have done was to make a set of states start DST at 1963-10-23 00:00 and the rest of the country to start DST at 1963-12-09 00:00. Fix: change the rule and all affected zones (almost all of them). Also had to create a new Brasilia zone to acomodate the diferences between Sao_Paulo zone and Goias (GO), Distrito Federal (DF), Parana (PR), Santa Catarina (SC), Rio Grande do Sul (RS). 2. The starting time of DST for 1966 was wrong as the 57843 decree stablishes that DST shall begin at 1966-03-01 01:00 and on 1st of March 00:00 from 1967 and on. Fix: new rule for DST start at 1966. 3. Decree 1252 (1994-09-22) defines that the previous states minus AM _AND_ MT states would have DST during 1994/1995 summer. The author of the previous comment probably relied on the Brazilian National Observatory resume of the decree - which is wrong - and not on the actual decree itself (also available at the Brazilian National Observatory site). Fix: America/Cuiaba zone fix. 4. Fernando de Noronha island had wrong timezone info as it should include all DSTs for the Pernambuco state after 1988 as Fernando de Noronha island became part of the Pernambuco state after the brazilian contitution of 1988. If someone has any doubt about it, please check decree 96676 (pre 1988) which clearly includes Pernambuco state, Fernando de Noronha and Atlantic islands. Compare with decree 98077 (pos 1988) which clearly includes Pernambuco state and Atlantic islands (doesn't mention Fernando de Noronha because it already mentioned Pernambuco). Fix: Include all DSTs for Pernambuco after 1988 and create new zone Atol_das_Rocas for the atlantic islands. Maybe this new zone should be called Brazilian_Atlantic_Islands? Too long? 5. America/Sao_Paulo zone had a DST during the whole 1964. I can't see where it came from. There is no decree mentioning it. Fix: Remove it spurious zone info. The patch I am including here is based on the data available at ftp://elsie.nci.nih.gov/pub/ dated 10/06/2003 01:41:00 PM. If someone has any comments on these changes, please send a copy to my personal email as I not sure if I am already subscribed to this list. Thanks in advance for your attention, Rodrigo Severo -- ---------------------------------------------------- Rodrigo Severo Fábrica de Idéias Fone: +55(61)321 1357 Fax: +55(61)223 1712 SBS - Quadra 2 - Ed. Empire Center - Sala 1301 Brasília/DF - Brasil CEP: 70.070-904 ----------------------------------------------------
I would just like to correct two of the problem descriptions I sent before: About item 2 below: The changes I made regard the ending of DST time at 1966, not the begining of DST time. The fix in the patch is ok. About item 5 below: The previous zone description for the America/Sao_Paulo zone had a special spurious line fixing DST up to the _BEGINING_ of 1964, not _DURING_THE_WHOLE_ year of 1964 as I mentioned before. The fix in the patch is ok. Thanks again for your attention, Rodrigo Severo Olson, Arthur David (NIH/NCI) wrote:
Rodrigo Severo has been added to the time zone mailing list since this message was received.
--ado
-----Original Message----- From: Rodrigo Severo [mailto:rodrigo.lists@fabricadeideias.com] Sent: Thursday, October 16, 2003 7:31 PM To: tz@lecserver.nci.nih.gov Subject: Brazil zoneinfo corrections.
Dear list,
First of all, I would like to apologize for the confusion I might have caused with my previous emails. The corrections for the brazilian rules and zones I sent where already included in tzdata. I hope this haven't created any problems.
Now I send another set of corrections for the brazilian tz data. I have just finished a full review of its rules and zoneinfo from the decrees list at the Brazilian National Observatory (main source of time info in Brazil, the same source already used by previous authors) with the following problems identified and corrected:
1. The effects of decrees 52700 (1963-10-18) and 53071 (1963-12-03) weren't correctly represented by the data as what they really have done was to make a set of states start DST at 1963-10-23 00:00 and the rest of the country to start DST at 1963-12-09 00:00.
Fix: change the rule and all affected zones (almost all of them). Also had to create a new Brasilia zone to acomodate the diferences between Sao_Paulo zone and Goias (GO), Distrito Federal (DF), Parana (PR), Santa Catarina (SC), Rio Grande do Sul (RS).
2. The starting time of DST for 1966 was wrong as the 57843 decree stablishes that DST shall begin at 1966-03-01 01:00 and on 1st of March 00:00 from 1967 and on.
Fix: new rule for DST start at 1966.
3. Decree 1252 (1994-09-22) defines that the previous states minus AM _AND_ MT states would have DST during 1994/1995 summer. The author of the previous comment probably relied on the Brazilian National Observatory resume of the decree - which is wrong - and not on the actual decree itself (also available at the Brazilian National Observatory site).
Fix: America/Cuiaba zone fix.
4. Fernando de Noronha island had wrong timezone info as it should include all DSTs for the Pernambuco state after 1988 as Fernando de Noronha island became part of the Pernambuco state after the brazilian contitution of 1988. If someone has any doubt about it, please check decree 96676 (pre 1988) which clearly includes Pernambuco state, Fernando de Noronha and Atlantic islands. Compare with decree 98077 (pos 1988) which clearly includes Pernambuco state and Atlantic islands (doesn't mention Fernando de Noronha because it already mentioned Pernambuco).
Fix: Include all DSTs for Pernambuco after 1988 and create new zone Atol_das_Rocas for the atlantic islands. Maybe this new zone should be called Brazilian_Atlantic_Islands? Too long?
5. America/Sao_Paulo zone had a DST during the whole 1964. I can't see where it came from. There is no decree mentioning it.
Fix: Remove it spurious zone info.
The patch I am including here is based on the data available at ftp://elsie.nci.nih.gov/pub/ dated 10/06/2003 01:41:00 PM.
If someone has any comments on these changes, please send a copy to my personal email as I not sure if I am already subscribed to this list.
Thanks in advance for your attention,
Rodrigo Severo
Thanks for your proofreading of the history of time zones and daylight saving time of Brazil. Here are some thoughts about your comments.
From: Rodrigo Severo [mailto:rodrigo.lists@fabricadeideias.com] Sent: Thursday, October 16, 2003 7:31 PM
1. The effects of decrees 52700 (1963-10-18) and 53071 (1963-12-03) weren't correctly represented by the data as what they really have done was to make a set of states start DST at 1963-10-23 00:00 and the rest of the country to start DST at 1963-12-09 00:00.
As far as I can see, the current tz data does that. The tz source looks different from what you're proposing, but the actual transitions already equal what would be generated by the proposed change. For example, for America/Manuas the 1963 transition is currently this: Mon Dec 9 03:59:59 1963 UTC = Sun Dec 8 23:59:59 1963 AMT isdst=0 Mon Dec 9 04:00:00 1963 UTC = Mon Dec 9 01:00:00 1963 AMST isdst=1 and this transition isn't affected by the proposed change. So I don't see the need for this part of the change.
2. The starting time of DST for 1966 was wrong as the 57843 decree stablishes that DST shall [end] at 1966-03-01 01:00 and on 1st of March 00:00 from 1967 and on.
I'm inclined to think that this may be a typographical error or ambiguity in decree 57,843 <http://pcdsh01.on.br/HV57843.htm>. It'd be unusual for Brazil to change at any time other than midnight. This reminds me of the 24-hour error in Decree 4,844 this year (though the latter error was corrected after a couple of days). However, I don't read Portuguese so I'm not really qualified to interpret any wording problems in decree 57,843.
3. Decree 1252 (1994-09-22) defines that the previous states minus AM _AND_ MT states would have DST during 1994/1995 summer. The author of the previous comment probably relied on the Brazilian National Observatory resume of the decree - which is wrong - and not on the actual decree itself (also available at the Brazilian National Observatory site).
Thanks for noticing that bug.
Fix: Include all DSTs for Pernambuco after 1988
Thanks for that correction too.
create new zone Atol_das_Rocas for the atlantic islands.
I don't think this zone is needed, as there is no permanent settlement on any of those islands. There is a military oceanographic station on Trindade but my impression is that it is not occupied all the time. If my impression is incorrect we need to find out what time is actually observed by the three dozen Brazilian marines who are ordered to live there.
5. America/Sao_Paulo zone had a DST during the whole 1964. I can't see where it came from. There is no decree mentioning it.
It's not all of 1964, it's only the period from 1963-10-23 00:00 to 1964-03-01 00:00. I think issue (5) is the same as issue (1) above. It's merely a different way to split the work between the Zone and the Rule lines; the actual transitions are the same regardless of whether the proposed patch is applied. Here's a diff to reflect the above comments. I'll include something like this in my next proposed patch. Again, thanks for your careful proofreading of the data. --- southamerica 2003/10/06 13:34:33 2003.4 +++ southamerica 2003/10/18 07:10:23 @@ -351,6 +351,9 @@ Rule Brazil 1965 only - Mar 31 0:00 0 - # Decree <a href="http://pcdsh01.on.br/HV57303.htm">57,303</a> (1965-11-22) Rule Brazil 1965 only - Dec 1 0:00 1:00 S # Decree <a href="http://pcdsh01.on.br/HV57843.htm">57,843</a> (1966-02-18) +# From Paul Eggert (2003-10-17): +# Rodrigo Severo writes that Decree 57,843 says DST ends 1966-03-01 at +# 01:00, not at 00:00. For now, assume this is a typo. Rule Brazil 1966 1968 - Mar 1 0:00 0 - Rule Brazil 1966 1967 - Nov 1 0:00 1:00 S # Decree <a href="http://pcdsh01.on.br/HV63429.htm">63,429</a> (1968-10-15) @@ -390,9 +393,9 @@ Rule Brazil 1993 only - Jan 31 0:00 0 - # Decree <a href="http://pcdsh01.on.br/HV942.htm">942</a> (1993-09-28) # adopted by same states, plus AM. # Decree <a href="http://pcdsh01.on.br/HV1252.htm">1,252</a> (1994-09-22) -# adopted by same states, minus AM. +# adopted by same states, minus AM and MT. # Decree <a href="http://pcdsh01.on.br/HV1636.htm">1,636</a> (1995-09-14) -# adopted by same states, plus TO. +# adopted by same states, plus MT and TO. # Decree <a href="http://pcdsh01.on.br/HV1674.htm">1,674</a> (1995-10-13) # adds AL, SE. Rule Brazil 1993 1995 - Oct Sun>=11 0:00 1:00 S @@ -455,11 +458,17 @@ Rule Brazil 2003 max - Oct Sun>=15 0:00 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] # -# Atlantic islands: Fernando de Noronha, Trindade, Martin Vaz, -# Atol das Rocas, and Penedos de Sao Pedro e Sao Paulo +# Fernando de Noronha Zone America/Noronha -2:09:40 - LMT 1914 -2:00 Brazil FN%sT 1990 Sep 17 + -2:00 - FNT 1999 Sep 30 + -2:00 Brazil FN%sT 2000 Oct 15 + -2:00 - FNT 2001 Sep 13 + -2:00 Brazil FN%sT 2002 Oct 1 -2:00 - FNT +# Other Atlantic islands have no permanent settlement. +# These include Trindade, Martin Vaz, +# Atol das Rocas, and Penedos de Sao Pedro e Sao Paulo. # # Amapa (AP), east Para (PA) # East Para includes Belem, Maraba, Serra Norte, and Sao Felix do Xingu. @@ -528,6 +537,8 @@ Zone America/Campo_Grande -3:38:28 - LMT # # Mato Grosso (MT) Zone America/Cuiaba -3:44:20 - LMT 1914 + -4:00 Brazil AM%sT 1994 Sep 22 + -4:00 - AMT 1995 Sep 14 -4:00 Brazil AM%sT 2003 Sep 24 -4:00 - AMT #
You see, it has been a good way to understand a little better the tz format. And a nice patience exercise also :) Paul Eggert wrote:
Thanks for your proofreading of the history of time zones and daylight saving time of Brazil. Here are some thoughts about your comments.
From: Rodrigo Severo [mailto:rodrigo.lists@fabricadeideias.com] Sent: Thursday, October 16, 2003 7:31 PM
1. The effects of decrees 52700 (1963-10-18) and 53071 (1963-12-03) weren't correctly represented by the data as what they really have done was to make a set of states start DST at 1963-10-23 00:00 and the rest of the country to start DST at 1963-12-09 00:00.
As far as I can see, the current tz data does that. The tz source looks different from what you're proposing, but the actual transitions already equal what would be generated by the proposed change. For example, for America/Manuas the 1963 transition is currently this:
Mon Dec 9 03:59:59 1963 UTC = Sun Dec 8 23:59:59 1963 AMT isdst=0 Mon Dec 9 04:00:00 1963 UTC = Mon Dec 9 01:00:00 1963 AMST isdst=1
and this transition isn't affected by the proposed change. So I don't see the need for this part of the change.
You are right. I just used zdump for final check of my review and I was still grasping the tz data format. Just checking: the only real difference between the present data and my proposed patch in this matter would be the creation of a new timezone (America/Brasilia). As this new timezone is only necessary to reflect a time difference between America/Sao_Paulo and America/Brasilia BEFORE 1970 it shall not be created.
2. The starting time of DST for 1966 was wrong as the 57843 decree stablishes that DST shall [end] at 1966-03-01 01:00 and on 1st of March 00:00 from 1967 and on.
I'm inclined to think that this may be a typographical error or ambiguity in decree 57,843 <http://pcdsh01.on.br/HV57843.htm>. It'd be unusual for Brazil to change at any time other than midnight. This reminds me of the 24-hour error in Decree 4,844 this year (though the latter error was corrected after a couple of days). However, I don't read Portuguese so I'm not really qualified to interpret any wording problems in decree 57,843.
I would not call this error typographical, but probably something worst: the guy that originally wrote the decree had this fancy idea of ending DST time in a "better" hour or something like that. Anyway I agree that the brazilian tradition of time changes at zero hour and the tiny impact this change would cause calls for something simple as the comment you proposed below, not a new rule as I proposed.
5. America/Sao_Paulo zone had a DST during the whole 1964. I can't see where it came from. There is no decree mentioning it.
It's not all of 1964, it's only the period from 1963-10-23 00:00 to 1964-03-01 00:00. I think issue (5) is the same as issue (1) above. It's merely a different way to split the work between the Zone and the Rule lines; the actual transitions are the same regardless of whether the proposed patch is applied.
Yeah, I understand that now.
Here's a diff to reflect the above comments. I'll include something like this in my next proposed patch.
I believe your patch is fine (much better than mine BTW). Rodrigo Severo
On October 17, 2003, "Rodrigo Severo" <rodrigo.lists@fabricadeideias.com> wrote:
4. Fernando de Noronha island had wrong timezone info as it should include all DSTs for the Pernambuco state after 1988 as Fernando de Noronha island became part of the Pernambuco state after the brazilian contitution of 1988. If someone has any doubt about it, please check decree 96676 (pre 1988) which clearly includes Pernambuco state, Fernando de Noronha and Atlantic islands. Compare with decree 98077 (pos 1988) which clearly includes Pernambuco state and Atlantic islands (doesn't mention Fernando de Noronha because it already mentioned Pernambuco).
I agree with the underlying facts stated, but I have some doubts about the conclusions drawn from them. My concern is that the oceanic islands are so unimportant that they may have been negligently omitted from the decrees. They're in a different time zone from the mainland, which suggests that they might get special treatment. To get more certainty, I searched the Internet for direct testimony about the observation of summer time the oceanic islands. I wasn't able to reach any definite conclusions, because there was too much contradictory information. I wanted to place my findings on record in case anyone else can use them or add to them. Those who don't care about the intricate details may stop reading here. Some background: The phrase "ilhas oceânicas" (oceanic islands; the word "Atlantic" is not used in the decrees) can mean any islands off the coast of Brazil. There are many oceanic islands that are no more than about 10 km. from the mainland. The time zone decrees, however, are probably referring to the five groups that are over 100 km. offshore. Trindade and Martin Vaz are administratively part of Espírito Santo state; Atol das Rocas is in Rio Grande do Norte; Fernando de Noronha and Penedos de São Pedro e São Paulo are in Pernambuco. Fernando de Noronha and the Penedos were a separate territory, called Fernando de Noronha, from 1942-09-02 to 1989-01-01. According to just about all sources, all of these remote islands have UTC-2 for standard time, while the standard times in mainland Brazil are UTC-3 or earlier. They lie between 28° and 34° longitude West, near the central meridian the UTC-2 strip. To save a little space, I'll use the standard abbreviations ES for Espírito Santo, FN for Fernando de Noronha, PE for Pernambuco, and RN for Rio Grande do Norte. I think Sr. Severo's point is that FN was not mentioned in the second decree because it had become part of PE. He believes that after 1988, whenever PE is mentioned, FN is included. That may be so, but I think there's another possible explanation. I think "oceanic islands" always includes FN. The reason that FN is mentioned explicitly in the first decree is that it was then an "entidade da federação", ranking equally with the states. For this analysis, I started from the hypothesis that the decrees mean exactly what they say. If that's the case, the oceanic islands observe summer time on the same schedule as the states they belong to, unless the decree mentions them specifically. I also hypothesized that the oceanic islands all had UTC-2 as their standard time. Then I checked to see if any of the Web sites I found disagree with the hypothesis. Here are the results, starting with the most official sites. http://pcdsh01.on.br/ Web site of the Time Service Division of the National Observatory of Brazil. This is the source for the decrees we've been talking about. According to the decrees, PE and RN both observed summer time every year that it was observed in Brazil up until 1990. They resumed observing it in the summers of 1999-2002, except that they went off it early in the summer of 2000-2001, along with several other states. As for ES, it has always observed summer time whenever any part of Brazil did. The oceanic islands aren't explicitly mentioned in any of the decrees after number 98077. The only problem here is that mentioning the oceanic islands is redundant. http://pcdsh01.on.br/MapaHORVER03.htm The map on this page clearly shows that none of the oceanic islands observed summer time in 2003-2004, not even Trindade and Martin Vaz. The hypothesis says that they should observe it along with their state (ES). http://pcdsh01.on.br/Fusbr.htm http://pcdsh01.on.br/Fusbrhv.htm Tables on these pages state that none of the oceanic islands observe summer time, except for FN, which is supposed to be in UTC-3 in the winter and UTC-2 in the summer. This is probably a mistake, because no reliable source ever shows FN observing UTC-3 at any time. For Trindade and Martin Vaz, we have the same conflict as before. http://www.aneel.gov.br/arquivos/pdf/resumo2001.pdf http://www.aneel.gov.br/arquivos/pdf/periodos2001.pdf http://www.aneel.gov.br/arquivos/pdf/horadotados2001.pdf http://www.aneel.gov.br/area.cfm?id_area=65 These pages are from the Brazilian National Electrical Energy Agency. They show that FN and the oceanic islands don't observe summer time. This probably refers to 2002-2003. Same problem with Trindade and Martin Vaz. http://www.estado.estadao.com.br/edicao/pano/96/02/08/provs502.html This appears to be an official Web site for São Paulo State. The page is dated February 8, 1996. It talks about the energy savings attributable to summer time for 1995-1996. It says that, after summer time ended, FN and other oceanic islands remained (ficam) 60 minutes ahead of Brasilia time. This would seem to imply that they observed summer time along with Brasilia. If so, that would conflict with the hypothesis. But there is an ambiguity in Portuguese. While the primary meaning of "ficar" is "to remain", it is often used to mean simply "to be". The statement may not really say anything about summer time in the oceanic islands. http://www2.uol.com.br/JC/_1999/2712/tu2312d.htm This article from the Recife "Jornal do Commercio" for December 23, 1999 implies that FN was observing summer time that year. That fits the hypothesis. http://www.formosaonline.com.br/geonline/textos/geografia/cartografia03.htm This educational site says that FN and other oceanic islands do not observe summer time; no date is given. If the page is up-to-date, and refers to the period since February, 2002, it fits the hypothesis except for Trindade and Martin Vaz. http://groups.yahoo.com/group/fernando-de-noronha/message/41 http://groups.yahoo.com/group/fernando-de-noronha/message/42 These are two consecutive messages from a thread regarding airline schedules in October, 2000, the month when several states decided to go off summer time a week or two after they went on it. The first message says that FN is a special case, and it follows PE time but has its own time zone. If that makes any sense at all, it must mean that FN is always one hour ahead of PE. The second message says that departures from "Natal/FEN" will occur an hour earlier than the time printed on the ticket, starting on 2000-10-22, when Natal stopped participating in summer time. "Natal/FEN" probably means that the information applies both to Natal, the capital of RN state, and FN. The decrees say that RN state went off summer time on 2000-10-22, but PE did it a week earlier, on 2000-10-15. The only conflict with our hypothesis is whether FN turned back the clock on the 22nd or the 15th of October. http://www.flying.scuba.nom.br/info_aspec_geog.htm This tourism site says that FN doesn't observe summer time; there is no clue as to its date. No conflict, assuming the date is recent. http://www.pisa.tur.br/roteiro_novo/roteiros/noronha/nornha_8dias.htm This tourism site says that FN did not observe summer time in 2002-2003. No conflict. http://www.jferreira.com.br/turismo/informacoes/dicas/005.htm This tourism site says that FN does not observe summer time. No date is given. No conflict, assuming a recent date. http://www.getaway.com.br/Diferen%C3%A7as.htm This tourism site says that FN did not observe summer time in 1999-2000, but PE did. If our hypothesis is right, FN should have observed summer time that year. http://www.flytime.com.br/horario.htm This tourism site says that FN did not observe summer time in 2000-2001, but the other oceanic islands did. The hypothesis says that FN should have observed it, and Trindade and Martin Vaz shouldn't. http://www.espaco-do-ceu.com.br/Hora%20de%20Ver%E3o.htm This astrology site has a table summarizing the decrees. It differs in minor ways from the decrees. In the 1988-1990 period, it doesn't mention FN, but leaves us to conclude that it is covered as part either of PE or the oceanic islands. It mentions that PE observed summer time in 2000-2002, but adds FN explicitly for 2001-2002. If the omission of FN in 2000-2001 is significant, that would contradict the hypothesis. www.radioescotismo.com.br/Fusos.htm This page, devoted to Brazilian radio scouts, says that FN did observe summer time and other oceanic islands did not. It has a copyright date of 2001 and a "last modified" of August 26, 2002, so it probably refers to 2000-2001 or 2001-2002. In either of those years, the hypothesis says that all of the oceanic islands should have observed it. http://www.novomilenio.inf.br/santos/h0086.htm Novo Milênio is an electronic newspaper. This page is a reprint of an article from the Santos newspaper "A Tribuna" for January 30, 1978. It says that standard time for the oceanic islands (specifically, FN, Atol das Rocas, and Trindade) was UTC-2 at some prior time, but now (in 1978) it was UTC-3. This would conflict with our hypothesis, but I think it must be a mistake. I have copies of Almanaque Abril, the Brazilian reference book, for 1978 and 1985. They both say that the oceanic islands had a standard time of UTC-2. The tz ftp site has an archive of old e-mails to the tz mailing list. Stefan Johansson wrote on 1999-10-02 that he had a newspaper clipping from O Estado de S. Paulo of that date, regarding the new decree for 1999-2000. Without quoting from the article, he summarizes his conclusions in a table. On one row of the table, FN is shown as not observing summer time that year; on another row, PE (except FN) does observe it. This is inconsistent with the hypothesis. Gwillim Law
Thanks for your detailed analysis. Here's what I had drafted before I got your letter; my comments below compare this draft to the sources that you found. # Fernando de Noronha (administratively part of PE) Zone America/Noronha -2:09:40 - LMT 1914 -2:00 Brazil FN%sT 1990 Sep 17 -2:00 - FNT 1999 Sep 30 -2:00 Brazil FN%sT 2000 Oct 15 -2:00 - FNT 2001 Sep 13 -2:00 Brazil FN%sT 2002 Oct 1 -2:00 - FNT # Other Atlantic islands have no permanent settlement. # These include Trindade and Martin Vaz (administratively part of ES), # Atol das Rocas (RN), and Penedos de Sao Pedro e Sao Paulo (PE). # Fernando de Noronha was a separate territory from 1942-09-02 to 1989-01-01; # it also included the Penedos. At Mon, 3 Nov 2003 17:28:09 -0500, "Gwillim Law" <RLAW@nc.rr.com> writes:
... According to the decrees, PE and RN both observed summer time every year that it was observed in Brazil up until 1990. They resumed observing it in the summers of 1999-2002, except that they went off it early in the summer of 2000-2001, along with several other states.
This matches the draft entry above.
http://pcdsh01.on.br/MapaHORVER03.htm
The map on this page clearly shows that none of the oceanic islands observed summer time in 2003-2004, not even Trindade and Martin Vaz.
This also matches.
http://pcdsh01.on.br/Fusbr.htm http://pcdsh01.on.br/Fusbrhv.htm
Tables on these pages state that none of the oceanic islands observe summer time, except for FN, which is supposed to be in UTC-3 in the winter and UTC-2 in the summer. This is probably a mistake
Yes, that can't be right.
http://www.aneel.gov.br/arquivos/pdf/resumo2001.pdf http://www.aneel.gov.br/arquivos/pdf/periodos2001.pdf http://www.aneel.gov.br/arquivos/pdf/horadotados2001.pdf http://www.aneel.gov.br/area.cfm?id_area=65
These pages are from the Brazilian National Electrical Energy Agency. They show that FN and the oceanic islands don't observe summer time. This probably refers to 2002-2003.
It looks to me like the first table (at least) was prepared after the 2000/2001 summer, but before the 2001/2002 summer. The draft above says that FN didn't observe summer time during most of 2000/2001, so this would match.
http://www2.uol.com.br/JC/_1999/2712/tu2312d.htm
This article from the Recife "Jornal do Commercio" for December 23, 1999 implies that FN was observing summer time that year.
This matches the draft.
http://www.formosaonline.com.br/geonline/textos/geografia/cartografia03.htm
This educational site says that FN and other oceanic islands do not observe summer time; no date is given.
HTTP says the page was last modified on 2001-06-06. This matches the draft entry, which says FN didn't observe summer time during most of 2000/2001.
http://groups.yahoo.com/group/fernando-de-noronha/message/41 http://groups.yahoo.com/group/fernando-de-noronha/message/42
The first message says that FN is a special case, and it follows PE time but has its own time zone....
This agrees with the draft.
"Natal/FEN" probably means that the information applies both to Natal, the capital of RN state, and FN.
Other postings (e.g., <http://groups.yahoo.com/group/fernando-de-noronha/message/1>) seem to use "NAT/FEN/NAT" to refer to round trips; so perhaps "Natal/FEN" means only the departure in the Natal-to-FEN flight. However, I don't read Portuguese like you do....
http://www.flying.scuba.nom.br/info_aspec_geog.htm
This tourism site says that FN doesn't observe summer time; there is no clue as to its date.
HTTP says the page was last modified 2000-06-16. This contradicts the draft, which says that FN observed summer time in 1999/2000, and was planned to observe it again in 2000/2001. Too bad. I suppose it's possible that the DST part of this page is dated before 2000-09, when FN was not observing summer time (according to the draft).
http://www.pisa.tur.br/roteiro_novo/roteiros/noronha/nornha_8dias.htm
This tourism site says that FN did not observe summer time in 2002-2003.
This matches the draft.
http://www.jferreira.com.br/turismo/informacoes/dicas/005.htm
This tourism site says that FN does not observe summer time. No date is given.
HTTP gives a last-modified date of 2003-04-23. This matches the draft.
http://www.getaway.com.br/Diferen%C3%A7as.htm
This tourism site says that FN did not observe summer time in 1999-2000, but PE did.
I couldn't visit this site, but it contradicts the draft.
http://www.flytime.com.br/horario.htm
This tourism site says that FN did not observe summer time in 2000-2001, but the other oceanic islands did.
This contradicts the draft. Ouch! And it looks fairly detailed and checked-out. (It also gives UTC offsets for Trindade, Martin Vaz, Atol das Rocas, Penedos de Sao Paulo e Sao Pedro: UTC-2 in winter, UTC-1 in winter. This is the only such claim I've seen for these islands. However, I still haven't found evidence of permanent inhabitants for these islands.)
http://www.espaco-do-ceu.com.br/Hora%20de%20Ver%E3o.htm
This astrology site has a table summarizing the decrees.
I suspect this was just derived from the decrees; I don't see any suggestion of independent verification.
www.radioescotismo.com.br/Fusos.htm
This page, devoted to Brazilian radio scouts, says that FN did observe summer time and other oceanic islands did not. It has a copyright date of 2001 and a "last modified" of August 26, 2002
This agrees with the draft, which has FN observing DST in 2001/2002.
http://www.novomilenio.inf.br/santos/h0086.htm
I think it must be a mistake.
Likewise.
Stefan Johansson wrote on 1999-10-02 that he had a newspaper clipping from O Estado de S. Paulo of that date, regarding the new decree for 1999-2000. Without quoting from the article, he summarizes his conclusions in a table. On one row of the table, FN is shown as not observing summer time that year; on another row, PE (except FN) does observe it.
This disagrees with the draft. All in all, the draft entry doesn't agree with all the data that you found, but it matches quite a few of them....
----- Original Message ----- From: "Paul Eggert" <eggert@twinsun.com>
"Natal/FEN" probably means that the information applies both to Natal, the capital of RN state, and FN.
Other postings (e.g., <http://groups.yahoo.com/group/fernando-de-noronha/message/1>) seem to use "NAT/FEN/NAT" to refer to round trips; so perhaps "Natal/FEN" means only the departure in the Natal-to-FEN flight. However, I don't read Portuguese like you do....
Your interpretation is very likely the correct one, and resolves the difficulty. Gwillim Law
From: Paul Eggert <eggert@twinsun.com> Subject: Re: Fernando de Noronha summer time?
# Fernando de Noronha (administratively part of PE) # Other Atlantic islands have no permanent settlement. # These include Trindade and Martin Vaz (administratively part of ES), # Atol das Rocas (RN), and Penedos de Sao Pedro e Sao Paulo (PE). ..........
http://www.flytime.com.br/horario.htm This tourism site says that FN did not observe summer time in 2000-2001, but the other oceanic islands did. ........... (It also gives UTC offsets for Trindade, Martin Vaz, Atol das Rocas, Penedos de Sao Paulo e Sao Pedro: UTC-2 in winter, UTC-1 in winter. This is the only such claim I've seen for these islands. However, I still haven't found evidence of permanent inhabitants for these islands.)
About the population of the Brazilian isles. The closest one can get to an "evidence" is probably through the "ISLAND DIRECTORY" of the United Nations Environment Programme (UNEP) <http://islands.unep.ch/isldir.htm> The page with Brazilian isles: <http://islands.unep.ch/IXD.htm>
From this page I extracted:
Inhabited: Fernando de Noronha; population: 1266 (in 1980) Listed as inhabited, but population not stated: Biopeba Grande Itaparica Ilha de Maraca Ilha da Santa Barbara Ilha de Santa Catarina Ilha de Sao Luis Penedos de Sao Pedro e Sao Paulo Ilha de Sao Sebastiao Tinhare (Probably) not inhabited: Ilhas Martin Vas Atol das Rocas Isla da Trindade One can also check: <http://www.world-gazetteer.com> But not all isles are listed. Signed: Oscar van Vlijmen 2003-11908
At Sat, 08 Nov 2003 15:31:34 +0100, Oscar van Vlijmen <ovv@hetnet.nl> writes:
<http://islands.unep.ch/IXD.htm> ... Listed as inhabited, but population not stated: ... Penedos de Sao Pedro e Sao Paulo
This doesn't sound plausible. The St Peter and St Paul Rocks are eleven volcanic rocks (the biggest 23m tall) within an ocean area of 350m x 200m. There is no vegetation and no drinking water. The next island is 625 km away. There are lighthouse ruins, and there is a building on one of the rocks to house scientific and military visitors (see <http://www.worldwildlife.org/wildworld/profiles/photos/nt/nt1318a.html> for a photo) but I haven't found any evidence of permanent inhabitants. <http://www.ng3k.com/Ohpadx/ohpa417.html> says "The Brazilian Navy visits the rocks for maintenance on their equipment once every six months," which sounds about right.
participants (5)
-
Gwillim Law -
Olson, Arthur David (NIH/NCI) -
Oscar van Vlijmen -
Paul Eggert -
Rodrigo Severo