Thanks for the patch proposed on 2016-10-24 05:53 to the Rules for Italy. I am still puzzled by some disagreements in the sources for 1944, and I will look further into it. A tiny bit could be mended in Europe/Rome: The source [http://www.ac-ilsestante.it/MERIDIANE/ora_legale /ORA_LEGALE_ESTIVA_IN_ITALIA.htm] quotes a law of 1893-08-10: Art. 1 Il servizio delle strade ferrate in tutto il Regno d'Italia verrà regolato secondo il tempo solare medio del meridiano situato a 15 gradi all’Est di Greenwich, che si denominerà tempo dell’Europa Centrale. [The railway service in the whole kingdom of Italy will be regulated according to mean solar time of the meridian placed 15 degrees east of Greenwich, which will be called central European time.] Art. 2 [Time of day to be counted from midnight to midnight for railway purposes,] Art. 3 Le disposizioni precedenti entreranno in vigore nell'istante in cui, secondo il tempo specificato all’art. 1°, incomincerà il 1° Novembre 1893, e da quell’istante cesserà di avere vigore qualunque altra disposizione contraria. [The preceding dispositions will enter into force at the instant at which, according to the time specified in the 1st article, the 1st of November 1893 will begin, and from this instant any other contrary dispositions will end to be in force.] This implies that the step in Europe/Rome near 1893-11-01 was planned as a jump from 23:49:56 h to 00 h, not as a jump from 00 h to 00:10:04 h. Thus: - 0:49:56 - RMT 1893 Nov 1 0:00s # Rome Mean + 0:49:56 - RMT 1893 Oct 31 23:49:56s # Rome Mean Michael Deckers.